EP0109895A1 - Coaxial high-frequency termination, isolator in the triplate technique embodying such a termination, and use of such an isolator - Google Patents

Coaxial high-frequency termination, isolator in the triplate technique embodying such a termination, and use of such an isolator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0109895A1
EP0109895A1 EP83402187A EP83402187A EP0109895A1 EP 0109895 A1 EP0109895 A1 EP 0109895A1 EP 83402187 A EP83402187 A EP 83402187A EP 83402187 A EP83402187 A EP 83402187A EP 0109895 A1 EP0109895 A1 EP 0109895A1
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Prior art keywords
assembly
frame
rod
washer
load
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Granted
Application number
EP83402187A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0109895B1 (en
Inventor
Jacques Guidevaux
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Thales SA
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Thomson CSF SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/24—Terminating devices
    • H01P1/26—Dissipative terminations
    • H01P1/266—Coaxial terminations

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to ferrite devices, and in particular to insulators produced individually from one or more circulators in series of the Y-junction three-plate type with three doors, and relates more particularly to a coaxial microwave load. connected to one of the doors of the circulator (s).
  • the junction circulator mainly comprises a central conductor with three branches inserted between two discs of ferrimagnetic or gyromagnetic material, and two ground planes disposed respectively on either side of the two discs.
  • an isolator consists of one or more circulators in series of the three-door three-plate type as described above, one of the doors or channels of which is closed on a coaxial microwave load adapted to 50 ohms and placed between earth and the central conductor.
  • One of the known coaxial microwave load structures consists of a conductive tube inside which are housed on the one hand a rod of insulating material covered with a resistive layer suitable for 50 ohms and provided at its ends with two metallizations of which one is connected to the body, and on the other hand an insulating washer placed between the rod and the body.
  • the body When the load is placed on one of the doors of the circulator, the body is fixed to the ground planes while the other metallization of the rod is fixedly connected to the conductor central.
  • the insulator thus obtained is completed by mounting a connector on each of the other two doors.
  • an insulator produced for example from a single circulator of the three-plate type with three doors, one of which is closed by a coaxial load resides in the fact that such isolator serves as a means of decoupling between a microwave source and a microwave circuit, such as for example a mixer or an amplifier, which generally comprises active elements capable of being polarized from a DC voltage source, such as for example the transistors and diodes.
  • the microwave source is connected to a first so-called input door of the circulator
  • the active element requiring polarization is connected to a second so-called output or use door of the circulator
  • the coaxial load of the type described here above is connected between ground and the third door of the circulator
  • the polarization source is connected between ground and the active element.
  • the 50 ohm coaxial load is electrically at the terminals of the polarization source of the active element, so that the latter is not correctly polarized, and therefore does not operate satisfactorily. Consequently, it is necessary to isolate the coaxial load from the mass continuously.
  • this intermediate mechanical part comprises, downstream of the capacity, a second conductive tube mounted as a bypass on the first tube and at the terminals of which the polarization source of the active element is connected, this second tube thus constituting an inlet of the DC bias current of the active element.
  • this T-shaped intermediate part constitutes an additional component to be arranged between the insulator and the active element, therefore a bulky component which generates microwave losses.
  • this component is relatively expensive and does not perform well, especially at high frequencies.
  • the present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks by proposing, in particular for decoupling between a microwave source and an active element requiring polarization, a ferrite isolator produced from one or more circulators in series of the triplate type with three doors or channels and each comprising, on one of their channels, a coaxial load adapted to 50 ohms which, by its very structure, simultaneously constitutes an isolated DC load and an input of the bias current of the active element , thus avoiding the use of a T-piece according to the prior art.
  • the coaxial load is of a simple structure based on conventional components, efficient, reliable and of low cost, and is entirely satisfactory at all the frequencies of the usual microwave spectrum in propagation on coaxial line, the maximum frequency of the spectrum being of the order of 18 GHz.
  • the subject of the invention is a coaxial microwave load comprising a first assembly comprising a conductive cylindrical body, a cylindrical part forming a rod housed inside the body, made of an insulating material covered with a resistive layer, and whose two ends are metallized, and a first part forming a washer of insulating material interposed between the body and the rod, this first assembly forming a first coaxial line of transmission having a given characteristic impedance to which the layer is adapted resistive rod, characterized in that the load further comprises a part forming a frame made of a conductive material, pierced with a central opening intended to receive the first assembly, and covered on its surface with an insulating layer, so once the first assembly is housed in the mount, the load is isolated by direct current.
  • the load further comprises a connector part arranged in the longitudinal extension of the frame, provided with a base intended to be fixedly mounted on the frame, and provided with a central conductive tape, one end is connected to the body of the first assembly, and the other end of which is intended to be connected to a DC voltage source, the connector once secured to the mount constituting an input terminal of the voltage source keep on going.
  • the invention also relates to an isolator produced from at least one Y-junction circulator of the triplate type, one channel of which is closed on a load according to the invention, and used for decoupling between a microwave source and a polarizable active element.
  • a ferrite isolator used as a means of decoupling between a microwave source 12 and a microwave circuit, constituted for example by an amplifier 13 comprising an active element 14 capable of being continuously polarized, such as for example a transistor.
  • the insulator 10 is produced for example from a single circulator of the Y-junction triplate type with three doors or tracks, identified respectively in 1, 2 and 3, and of which the track 3 is closed on a coaxial load 15 adapted to 50 ohms.
  • the coaxial load 15 by its structure which will be described with reference to FIG. 4, is isolated by direct current and is directly connected to a DC voltage source V intended to bias the active element 14.
  • the isolator 10 is completed by a first connector 17 mounted on the so-called input channel 1 and connected to the microwave source 12, and by a second connector 18 mounted on the so-called output or use channel 2 and connected to the active element 14.
  • the microwave energy emitted by the source 12 is reflected at the level of the active element 14, and this reflected energy is then received by the source 12 which is therefore disturbed .
  • the energy reflected by the active element 14 is then transmitted from channel 2 to channel 3 on which is connected the load 15 connected to ground, so that none part of the reflected energy is received by the source 12, therefore not disturbing the latter.
  • Figures 2 and 3 show sectional views of the insulator 10 made from a single Y-junction circulator of the triplate type.
  • This insulator comprises two ground planes 20 and 21 respectively disposed on either side of two discs 23 and 24 made of ferrimagnetic or gyromagnetic material, constituted by a ferrite belonging to the class of ferrites for microwave. It will be noted that, for the sake of clarity, the cross-sections of the ground planes 20 and 21 shown in FIG. 2 have not been hatched.
  • the insulator 10 further comprises a central conductor 23 inserted between the two ferrite discs 23 and 24, and consisting of three branches forming between them an angle of 120 °, and means for applying a magnetic polarization field to the two discs ferrite 23 and 24, constituted for example by a permanent magnet in the form of discs 27 housed in recesses 29 and 30 formed in the ground planes 20 and 21 respectively.
  • two of the branches of the conductor 25 intended to constitute the doors or tracks 1 and 2 of the insulator are fixed, for example by welding, to the two identical conventional connectors 17 and 18, the latter being alone shown in section.
  • Each of the two connectors 17 and 18 has a base 34, for example of square section, which is fixed, for example by screws (not shown), on the two ground planes 20 and 21.
  • the third branch of the conductor 25, constituting track 3 of the insulator is fixed, for example also by welding, to the coaxial load 15 adapted to 50 ohms, in accordance with the invention, which will now be described with reference to FIG. 4.
  • the coaxial load 15 adapted to 50 ohms comprises a frame 38 of parallelepiped shape, of section for example square, and intended to be fixed on the two ground planes 20 and 21 of the insulator.
  • This mount 38 is pierced, along its longitudinal axis, with a central opening 39 intended to receive, over its entire length, three sets of mechanical parts forming between them a coaxial line of transmission of characteristic impedance equal to 50 ohms.
  • the frame 38 is made of a conductive material, such as for example aluminum, and is covered over its entire surface, that is to say on its periphery, both outside and inside, with a thin insulating layer 40 , such as for example alumina obtained by anodic oxidation in a sulfuric bath.
  • a conductive material such as for example aluminum
  • a thin insulating layer 40 such as for example alumina obtained by anodic oxidation in a sulfuric bath.
  • the first set of the load firstly comprises a conductive cylindrical body 44, for example made of aluminum, of given length and having a U-shaped longitudinal section. Inside this body 44 is housed a rod or bar 45 of insulating material, such as for example alumina, on which is deposited a resistive layer, such as for example tantalum nitride, and the two ends of which carry metallizations 46.
  • This rod 45 is of length less than that of the body 44, and one of the metallizations 46 is fixed, for example by welding, to the conductive end face of the body 44.
  • a washer 48 made of insulating material, such as for example teflon (registered trademark), extending substantially over the entire length of the body 44, the assembly thus formed by the body 44, the rod 45 and the washer 48 forming a first coaxial transmission line having a characteristic impedance equal to 50 ohms to which the resistive layer of the rod 45 is adapted.
  • This first assembly 42 further comprises an intermediate piece in the form of a rod 49, made of a conductive material, such as for example golden Beryllium bronze, and extending in the longitudinal extension of the rod 45 to open at the other open end face of the body 44.
  • This part 49 is fixed at one of its ends, for example by welding, to the other metallization 46 of the rod 45, and is provided at its other end with a central recess 50, the assembly thus formed by the body 44, the part 49 and the washer 48 forming a second coaxial line of continuous transmission to the first coaxial line described above.
  • the second set of the load generally identified at 52, comprises a washer 54 made of insulating material, such as for example Teflon (registered trademark), of diameter substantially smaller than that of the body 44, and pierced with a central orifice at the 'inside which is fixedly mounted a rod 55 of conductive material, such as for example golden Beryllium bronze, and ending with a point 56 projecting longitudinally.
  • insulating material such as for example Teflon (registered trademark)
  • Teflon registered trademark
  • the two assemblies 42 and 52 are joined together by insertion of the tip 56 of the rod 55 in the recess 50 of the part 49, the rod 55 thus forming a contactor. Once the insertion has been made, the washer 54 comes to bear on the washer 48.
  • the two assemblies 42 and 52 are secured to each other, these are inserted into the central opening of the frame 38, so that the body 44 abuts on a circular shoulder 61 formed in the central opening, while that the washer 54 and the contactor 55 open at the end face of the mount 38 defined as being the face which is fixed on the two ground planes 20 and 21 of the insulator.
  • the contactor 55 is fixed, for example by welding, to the central conductor 25.
  • the assembly formed by the mount 38, the contactor 55 and the washer 54 forms a third coaxial line of continuous transmission to the second coaxial line described above.
  • the assembly 42 is therefore electrically isolated from the ground by the presence of the insulating layer 40 constituting an electrical barrier on the one hand between the body 44 and the frame 38, and on the other hand between the mount 38 and the ground planes 20 and 21.
  • the third set of the load comprises a washer 64 made of insulating material, such as for example Teflon (registered trademark), crossed by a central conductor 66, for example made of silicone rubber loaded with silver.
  • This assembly 62 is received in the central opening of the frame 38 by coming to bear on the body 44 at a circular shoulder 67 formed in the central opening. Once housed in the frame 38, the assembly 62 opens at the other end face of the frame 38, and the assembly thus formed by the conductor 66, the frame 38 and the washer 64 forms a fourth coaxial line of continuous transmission to the first coaxial line described above.
  • the load 15 further comprises a conventional connector 72 identical to those identified in 17 and 18 in FIG. 3, and disposed in the longitudinal extension of the mount 38.
  • This connector 72 comprises a base 34 of section, for example square, identical to that of the frame 38, and fixedly mounted on the frame 38 by means of screws (not shown) which also ensure the fixing of the frame 38 on the ground planes 20 and 21.
  • the connector 72 further comprises a central conductive strip 74 surrounded by a dielectric and mounted at one of its ends in contact, for example by pressure, with the conductor 66 of the assembly 62.
  • the other end of the strip 74 is provided with a plug intended to be connected to one of the terminals of the DC voltage source V, the other terminal of this source being connected to ground.
  • the conductive parts of the three sets 42, 52 and 62 provide electrical continuity between the connector and the central conductor of the insulator.
  • the load described above makes it possible, by its very structure, to be used simultaneously as an isolated DC load and as an input of a bias source of an active element.

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  • Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une charge hyperfréquence coaxiale pour isolateur à ferrite réalisé à partir d'un ou de plusieurs circulateurs en série du type triplaque à jonction à trois portes. Cette charge comporte un ensemble (42) constitué d'un corps conducteur (44), d'une tige (45) en matériau isolant recouvert d'une couche résistive, et d'une rondelle isolante (48), et une monture (38) réalisée en un matériau conducteur, percée d'une ouverture centrale destinée à recevoir l'ensemble (42), et recouverte sur sa surface d'une couche isolante (40), de sorte qu'une fois logé dans la monture, l'ensemble (42) se trouve électriquement isolé. Application au découplage entre une source hyperfréquence et un élément actif nécessitant une polarisation.The invention relates to a coaxial microwave load for a ferrite insulator produced from one or more circulators in series of the three-plate type with three-door junction. This load comprises an assembly (42) consisting of a conductive body (44), a rod (45) of insulating material covered with a resistive layer, and an insulating washer (48), and a mount (38 ) made of a conductive material, pierced with a central opening intended to receive the assembly (42), and covered on its surface with an insulating layer (40), so that once housed in the frame, the assembly (42) is electrically isolated. Application to decoupling between a microwave source and an active element requiring polarization.

Description

La présente invention se rapporte d'une manière générale aux dispositifs à ferrite, et notamment aux isolateurs réalisés individuellement à partir d'un ou de plusieurs circulateurs en série du type triplaque à jonction Y à trois portes, et concerne plus particulièrement une charge hyperfréquence coaxiale connectée à l'une des portes du (des) circulateur(s).The present invention relates generally to ferrite devices, and in particular to insulators produced individually from one or more circulators in series of the Y-junction three-plate type with three doors, and relates more particularly to a coaxial microwave load. connected to one of the doors of the circulator (s).

On connaît déjà une structure de circulateur du type triplaque à jonction à trois portes, tel que décrit dans le certificat d'addition français n° 2 344 141 accordé à la Demanderesse, concernant : "Circulateur à jonction pour transmission à haut niveau de puissance en hyperfréquence". Selon ce certificat d'addition, le circulateur à jonction comporte principalement un conducteur central à trois branches inséré entre deux disques en matériau ferrimagnétique ou gyromagnétique, et deux plans de masse disposés respectivement de part et d'autre des deux disques.There is already known a circulator structure of the three-plate type with three-door junction, as described in the French addition certificate n ° 2 344 141 granted to the Applicant, concerning: "Junction circulator for transmission at high power level in microwave ". According to this certificate of addition, the junction circulator mainly comprises a central conductor with three branches inserted between two discs of ferrimagnetic or gyromagnetic material, and two ground planes disposed respectively on either side of the two discs.

De façon générale, on sait qu'un isolateur est constitué d'un ou de plusieurs circulateurs en série du type triplaque à trois portes tel que décrit ci-dessus dont l'une des portes ou voies est fermée sur une charge hyperfréquence coaxiale adaptée à 50 ohms et placée entre la masse et le conducteur central. L'une des structures connues de charge hyperfréquence coaxiale consiste en un tube conducteur à l'intérieur duquel sont logées d'une part une tige en matériau isolant recouvert d'une couche résistive adaptée à 50 ohms et pourvue à ses extrémités de deux métallisations dont l'une est reliée au corps, et d'autre part une rondelle isolante placée entre la tige et le corps. Lors de la pose de la charge sur l'une des portes du circulateur, le corps est fixé sur les plans de masse tandis que l'autre métallisation de la tige est reliée fixement au conducteur central. L'isolateur ainsi obtenu est complété en montant un connecteur sur chacune des deux autres portes.Generally, it is known that an isolator consists of one or more circulators in series of the three-door three-plate type as described above, one of the doors or channels of which is closed on a coaxial microwave load adapted to 50 ohms and placed between earth and the central conductor. One of the known coaxial microwave load structures consists of a conductive tube inside which are housed on the one hand a rod of insulating material covered with a resistive layer suitable for 50 ohms and provided at its ends with two metallizations of which one is connected to the body, and on the other hand an insulating washer placed between the rod and the body. When the load is placed on one of the doors of the circulator, the body is fixed to the ground planes while the other metallization of the rod is fixedly connected to the conductor central. The insulator thus obtained is completed by mounting a connector on each of the other two doors.

En outre, on sait que l'une des utilisations connues d'un isolateur réalisé par exemple à partir d'un seul circulateur du type triplaque à trois portes dont l'une est fermée par une charge coaxiale réside dans le fait qu'un tel isolateur sert de moyen de découplage entre une source hyperfréquence et un circuit hyperfréquence, tel que par exemple un mélangeur ou un amplificateur, qui comporte généralement des éléments actifs susceptibles d'être polarisés à partir d'une source de tension continue, comme par exemple les transistors et les diodes. Dans cette utilisation, la source hyperfréquence est reliée à une première porte dite d'entrée du circulateur, l'élément actif nécessitant une polarisation est relié à une seconde porte dite de sortie ou d'utilisation du circulateur, la charge coaxiale du type décrit ci-dessus est connectée entre la masse et la troisième porte du circulateur, et la source de polarisation est connectée entre la masse et l'élément actif. Or, avec une telle réalisation, la charge coaxiale 50 ohms se trouve électriquement aux bornes de la source de polarisation de l'élément actif, de sorte que ce dernier ne se trouve pas correctement polarisé, et partant ne fonctionne pas de façon satisfaisante. Par conséquent, il s'avère nécessaire d'isoler la charge coaxiale de la masse en continu.In addition, it is known that one of the known uses of an insulator produced for example from a single circulator of the three-plate type with three doors, one of which is closed by a coaxial load resides in the fact that such isolator serves as a means of decoupling between a microwave source and a microwave circuit, such as for example a mixer or an amplifier, which generally comprises active elements capable of being polarized from a DC voltage source, such as for example the transistors and diodes. In this use, the microwave source is connected to a first so-called input door of the circulator, the active element requiring polarization is connected to a second so-called output or use door of the circulator, the coaxial load of the type described here above is connected between ground and the third door of the circulator, and the polarization source is connected between ground and the active element. However, with such an embodiment, the 50 ohm coaxial load is electrically at the terminals of the polarization source of the active element, so that the latter is not correctly polarized, and therefore does not operate satisfactorily. Consequently, it is necessary to isolate the coaxial load from the mass continuously.

On connaît déjà diverses techniques permettant d'isoler en courant continu une charge coaxiale connectée à l'une des portes d'un circulateur du type triplaque à trois portes pour le découplage entre une source hyperfréquence et un élément actif nécessitant une polarisation en continu. L'une d'entre elles consiste à interposer entre la porte dite d'utilisation du circulateur et l'élément actif une pièce mécanique intermédiaire constituée par un premier tube conducteur à l'intérieur duquel sont logés un isolant et un ruban conducteur central présentant une coupure transversale formant ainsi une capacité aux bornes de laquelle sont connectés la porte dite d'utilisation du circulateur et l'élément actif, de sorte que la charge coaxiale se trouve isolée en continu par la présence de cette capacité. De plus, cette pièce mécanique intermédiaire comporté, en aval de la capacité, un second tube conducteur monté en dérivation sur le premier tube et aux bornes duquel est connectée la source de polarisation de l'élément actif, ce second tube constituant ainsi une entrée du courant continu de polarisation de l'élément actif. Toutefois, cette pièce intermédiaire en forme de T constitue un composant supplémentaire à agencer entre l'isolateur et l'élément actif, donc un composant encombrant qui engendre des pertes en hyperfréquence. De plus, ce composant est relativement cher et est peu performant surtout aux fréquences élevées.Various techniques are already known which make it possible to isolate a coaxial load connected to one of the doors of a three-plate three-plate type circulator in direct current for decoupling between a microwave source and an active element requiring continuous polarization. One of them consists in interposing between the so-called door for using the circulator and the active element an intermediate mechanical part constituted by a first conductive tube inside which are insulated and a central conductive tape having a transverse cut thus forming a capacitance at the terminals of which are connected the door known as of use of the circulator and the active element, so that the coaxial load is continuously isolated by the presence of this capacity. In addition, this intermediate mechanical part comprises, downstream of the capacity, a second conductive tube mounted as a bypass on the first tube and at the terminals of which the polarization source of the active element is connected, this second tube thus constituting an inlet of the DC bias current of the active element. However, this T-shaped intermediate part constitutes an additional component to be arranged between the insulator and the active element, therefore a bulky component which generates microwave losses. In addition, this component is relatively expensive and does not perform well, especially at high frequencies.

La présente invention a pour but de remédier à ces inconvénients en proposant, notamment pour le découplage entre une source hyperfréquence et un élément actif nécessitant une polarisation, un isolateur à ferrite réalisé à partir d'un ou de plusieurs circulateurs en série du type triplaque à trois portes ou voies et comportant chacun, sur l'une de leurs voies, une charge coaxiale adaptée à 50 ohms qui, par sa structure même, constitue simultanément une charge isolée en courant continu et une entrée du courant de polarisation de l'élément actif, permettant ainsi d'éviter l'utilisation d'une pièce en T selon l'art antérieur. Selon l'invention, la charge coaxiale est d'une structure simple à base de composants classiques, performants, fiables et de faible coût, et est entièrement satisfaisante à toutes les fréquences du spectre hyperfréquence usuel en propagation sur ligne coaxiale, la fréquence maximale du spectre étant de l'ordre de 18 GHz.The present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks by proposing, in particular for decoupling between a microwave source and an active element requiring polarization, a ferrite isolator produced from one or more circulators in series of the triplate type with three doors or channels and each comprising, on one of their channels, a coaxial load adapted to 50 ohms which, by its very structure, simultaneously constitutes an isolated DC load and an input of the bias current of the active element , thus avoiding the use of a T-piece according to the prior art. According to the invention, the coaxial load is of a simple structure based on conventional components, efficient, reliable and of low cost, and is entirely satisfactory at all the frequencies of the usual microwave spectrum in propagation on coaxial line, the maximum frequency of the spectrum being of the order of 18 GHz.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet une charge hyperfréquence coaxiale comportant un premier ensemble comprenant un corps cylindrique conducteur, une pièce cylindrique formant tige logée à l'intérieur du corps, réalisée en un matériau isolant recouvert d'une couche résistive, et dont les deux extrémités sont métallisées, et une première pièce formant rondelle en matériau isolant interposée entre le corps et la tige, ce premier ensemble formant une première ligne coaxiale de transmission ayant une impédance caractéristique donnée à laquelle est adaptée la couche résistive de la tige, caractérisée en ce que la charge comporte de plus une pièce formant monture réalisée en un matériau conducteur, percée d'une ouverture centrale destinée à recevoir le premier ensemble, et recouverte sur sa surface d'une couche isolante, de sorte qu'une fois le premier ensemble logé dans la monture, la charge se trouve isolée en courant continu.To this end, the subject of the invention is a coaxial microwave load comprising a first assembly comprising a conductive cylindrical body, a cylindrical part forming a rod housed inside the body, made of an insulating material covered with a resistive layer, and whose two ends are metallized, and a first part forming a washer of insulating material interposed between the body and the rod, this first assembly forming a first coaxial line of transmission having a given characteristic impedance to which the layer is adapted resistive rod, characterized in that the load further comprises a part forming a frame made of a conductive material, pierced with a central opening intended to receive the first assembly, and covered on its surface with an insulating layer, so once the first assembly is housed in the mount, the load is isolated by direct current.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, la charge comporte de plus une pièce formant connecteur disposée dans le prolongement longitudinal de la monture, pourvue d'une embase destinée à être montée fixement sur la monture, et munie d'un ruban central conducteur dont l'une des extrémités est reliée au corps du premier ensemble, et dont l'autre extrémité est destinée à être connectée à une source de tension continue, le connecteur une fois solidaire de la monture constituant une borne d'entrée de la source de tension continue.According to another characteristic of the invention, the load further comprises a connector part arranged in the longitudinal extension of the frame, provided with a base intended to be fixedly mounted on the frame, and provided with a central conductive tape, one end is connected to the body of the first assembly, and the other end of which is intended to be connected to a DC voltage source, the connector once secured to the mount constituting an input terminal of the voltage source keep on going.

L'invention vise également un isolateur réalisé à partir d'au moins un circulateur à jonction Y du type triplaque dont une voie est fermée sur une charge selon l'invention, et utilisé pour le découplage entre une source hyperfréquence et un élément actif polarisable.The invention also relates to an isolator produced from at least one Y-junction circulator of the triplate type, one channel of which is closed on a load according to the invention, and used for decoupling between a microwave source and a polarizable active element.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront mieux dans la description détaillée qui suit et se réfère aux dessins annexés, donnés uniquement à titre d'exemple et dans lesquels :

  • - la figure 1 représente un schéma général de l'utilisation d'un isolateur réalisé à partir d'un seul circulateur dont une voie est fermée sur une charge selon l'invention, en tant que circuit de découplage entre une source hyperfréquence et un élément actif polarisable ;
  • - la figure 2 représente une vue en coupe du circulateur à jonction Y du type triplaque utilisé comme isolateur, c'est-à-dire dont une voie est fermée sur une charge selon l'invention ;
  • - la figure 3 représente une vue en coupe selon la ligne III-III de la figure 2 ; et
  • -la figure 4 représente une vue en coupe longitudinale de Qu'ensemble constitué par une partie de l'isolateur et par la charge selon l'invention.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear better in the detailed description which follows and refers to the appended drawings, given only by way of example and in which:
  • - Figure 1 shows a general diagram of the use of an isolator produced from a single circulator, one channel of which is closed on a load according to the invention, as a decoupling circuit between a microwave source and an element polarizable active;
  • - Figure 2 shows a sectional view of the Y-junction circulator of the triplate type used as an isolator, that is to say one of which is closed on a load according to the invention;
  • - Figure 3 shows a sectional view along line III-III of Figure 2; and
  • FIG. 4 represents a view in longitudinal section of That assembly constituted by a part of the insulator and by the load according to the invention.

Sur ces différentes figures, les mêmes références se rapportent aux mêmes éléments.In these different figures, the same references relate to the same elements.

Suivant un exemple de réalisation, et en se reportant à la figure 1, on a représenté en 10 un isolateur à ferrite utilisé comme moyen de découplage entre une source hyperfréquence 12 et un circuit hyperfréquence, constitué par exemple par un amplificateur 13 comportant un élément actif 14 susceptible d'être polarisé en continu, tel que par exemple un transistor.According to an exemplary embodiment, and with reference to FIG. 1, there is shown at 10 a ferrite isolator used as a means of decoupling between a microwave source 12 and a microwave circuit, constituted for example by an amplifier 13 comprising an active element 14 capable of being continuously polarized, such as for example a transistor.

L'isolateur 10 est réalisé par exemple à partir d'un seul circulateur du type triplaque à jonction Y à trois portes ou voies, repérées respectivement en 1, 2 et 3, et dont la voie 3 est fermée sur une charge coaxiale 15 adaptée à 50 ohms.The insulator 10 is produced for example from a single circulator of the Y-junction triplate type with three doors or tracks, identified respectively in 1, 2 and 3, and of which the track 3 is closed on a coaxial load 15 adapted to 50 ohms.

Selon un aspect de. l'invention, la charge coaxiale 15, par sa structure que l'on décrira en référence à la figure 4, est isolée en courant continu et est directement connectée à une source de tension continue V destinée à polariser l'élément actif 14.According to one aspect of. the invention, the coaxial load 15, by its structure which will be described with reference to FIG. 4, is isolated by direct current and is directly connected to a DC voltage source V intended to bias the active element 14.

L'isolateur 10 est complété par un premier connecteur 17 monté sur la voie 1 dite d'entrée et relié à la source hyperfréquence 12, et par un second connecteur 18 monté sur la voie 2 dite de sortie ou d'utilisation et relié à l'élément actif 14.The isolator 10 is completed by a first connector 17 mounted on the so-called input channel 1 and connected to the microwave source 12, and by a second connector 18 mounted on the so-called output or use channel 2 and connected to the active element 14.

Dans cette utilisation, le rôle de l'isolateur se justifie de la façon suivante.In this use, the role of the insulator is justified as follows.

Tout d'abord, en l'absence d'isolateur, l'énergie hyperfréquence émise par la source 12 est réfléchie au niveau de l'élément actif 14, et cette énergie réfléchie est ensuite reçue par la source 12 qui se trouve dès lors perturbée.First of all, in the absence of an isolator, the microwave energy emitted by the source 12 is reflected at the level of the active element 14, and this reflected energy is then received by the source 12 which is therefore disturbed .

Or, en présence de l'isolateur, et après passage de l'énergie émise de la voie 1 vers la voie 2, l'énergie réfléchie par l'élément actif 14 est ensuite transmise de la voie 2 vers la voie 3 sur laquelle est connectée la charge 15 reliée à la masse, de sorte qu'aucune partie de l'énergie réfléchie n'est reçue par la source 12, ne perturbant donc pas cette dernière.However, in the presence of the insulator, and after passage of the energy emitted from channel 1 towards channel 2, the energy reflected by the active element 14 is then transmitted from channel 2 to channel 3 on which is connected the load 15 connected to ground, so that none part of the reflected energy is received by the source 12, therefore not disturbing the latter.

Les figures 2 et 3 représentent des vues en coupe de l'isolateur 10 réalisé à partir d'un seul circulateur à jonction Y du type triplaque.Figures 2 and 3 show sectional views of the insulator 10 made from a single Y-junction circulator of the triplate type.

Cet isolateur comporte deux plans de masse 20 et 21 disposés respectivement de part et d'autre de deux disques 23 et 24 en matériau ferrimagnétique ou gyromagnétique, constitués par un ferrite appartenant à la classe des ferrites pour hyperfréquence. On notera que, dans un souci de clarté, on n'a pas hachuré les coupes des plans de masse 20 et 21 représentés sur la figure 2.This insulator comprises two ground planes 20 and 21 respectively disposed on either side of two discs 23 and 24 made of ferrimagnetic or gyromagnetic material, constituted by a ferrite belonging to the class of ferrites for microwave. It will be noted that, for the sake of clarity, the cross-sections of the ground planes 20 and 21 shown in FIG. 2 have not been hatched.

L'isolateur 10 comporte de plus un conducteur central 23 inséré entre les deux disques de ferrite 23 et 24, et constitué de trois branches formant entre elles un angle de 120°, et des moyens pour appliquer un champ magnétique de polarisation aux deux disques de ferrite 23 et 24, constitués par exemple par un aimant permanent se présentant sous forme de disques 27 logés dans des évidements 29 et 30 pratiqués respectivement dans les plans de masse 20 et 21.The insulator 10 further comprises a central conductor 23 inserted between the two ferrite discs 23 and 24, and consisting of three branches forming between them an angle of 120 °, and means for applying a magnetic polarization field to the two discs ferrite 23 and 24, constituted for example by a permanent magnet in the form of discs 27 housed in recesses 29 and 30 formed in the ground planes 20 and 21 respectively.

On a représenté en 32 des couronnes en matériau diélectrique intercalées chacune entre un plan de masse et le conducteur central, ces couronnes entourant les disques de ferrite 23 et 24.32 shows rings made of dielectric material each inserted between a ground plane and the central conductor, these rings surrounding the ferrite discs 23 and 24.

Comme il apparaît sur la figure 3, deux des branches du conducteur 25 destinées à constituer les portes ou voies 1 et 2 de l'isolateur, sont fixées, par exemple par soudage, aux deux connecteurs classiques identiques 17 et 18, ce dernier étant seul représenté en coupe. Chacun des deux connecteurs 17 et 18 comporte une embase 34, de section par exemple carrée, venant se fixer, par exemple par des vis (non représentées), sur les deux plans de masse 20 et 21. La troisième branche du conducteur 25, constituant la voie 3 de l'isolateur, est fixée, par exemple également par soudage, à la charge coaxiale 15 adaptée à 50 ohms, conforme à l'invention, et que l'on va maintenant décrire en se reportant à la figure 4.As it appears in FIG. 3, two of the branches of the conductor 25 intended to constitute the doors or tracks 1 and 2 of the insulator, are fixed, for example by welding, to the two identical conventional connectors 17 and 18, the latter being alone shown in section. Each of the two connectors 17 and 18 has a base 34, for example of square section, which is fixed, for example by screws (not shown), on the two ground planes 20 and 21. The third branch of the conductor 25, constituting track 3 of the insulator is fixed, for example also by welding, to the coaxial load 15 adapted to 50 ohms, in accordance with the invention, which will now be described with reference to FIG. 4.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, la charge coaxiale 15 adaptée à 50 ohms comporte une monture 38 de forme parallélépipédique, de section par exemple carrée, et destinée à être fixée sur les deux plans de masse 20 et 21 de l'isolateur. Cette monture 38 est percée, le long de son axe longitudinal, d'une ouverture centrale 39 destinée à recevoir, sur toute sa longueur, trois ensembles de pièces mécaniques formant entre elles une ligne coaxiale de transmission d'impédance caractéristique égale à 50 ohms.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the coaxial load 15 adapted to 50 ohms comprises a frame 38 of parallelepiped shape, of section for example square, and intended to be fixed on the two ground planes 20 and 21 of the insulator. This mount 38 is pierced, along its longitudinal axis, with a central opening 39 intended to receive, over its entire length, three sets of mechanical parts forming between them a coaxial line of transmission of characteristic impedance equal to 50 ohms.

La monture 38 est réalisée en un matériau conducteur, tel que par exemple de l'aluminium, et est recouverte sur toute sa surface, c'est-à-dire sur son pourtour tant extérieur qu'intérieur, d'une mince couche isolante 40, telle que par exemple de l'alumine obtenue par oxydation anodique en bain sulfurique.The frame 38 is made of a conductive material, such as for example aluminum, and is covered over its entire surface, that is to say on its periphery, both outside and inside, with a thin insulating layer 40 , such as for example alumina obtained by anodic oxidation in a sulfuric bath.

Le premier ensemble de la charge, repéré globalement en 42, comporte tout d'abord un corps cylindrique conducteur 44, par exemple en aluminium, de longueur donnée et présentant en section longitudinale une forme de U. A l'intérieur de ce corps 44 est logée une tige ou barreau 45 en matériau isolant, tel que par exemple de l'alumine, sur lequel est déposée une couche résistive, telle que par exemple du nitrure de tantale, et dont les deux extrémités portent des métallisations 46. Cette tige 45 est de longueur inférieure à celle du corps 44, et l'une des métallisations 46 est fixée, par exemple par soudage, sur la face terminale conductrice du corps 44.The first set of the load, generally identified at 42, firstly comprises a conductive cylindrical body 44, for example made of aluminum, of given length and having a U-shaped longitudinal section. Inside this body 44 is housed a rod or bar 45 of insulating material, such as for example alumina, on which is deposited a resistive layer, such as for example tantalum nitride, and the two ends of which carry metallizations 46. This rod 45 is of length less than that of the body 44, and one of the metallizations 46 is fixed, for example by welding, to the conductive end face of the body 44.

Entre le corps 44 et la tige 45 est disposée une rondelle 48 en matériau isolant, tel que par exemple du téflon (marque déposée), s'étendant sensiblement sur toute la longueur du corps 44, l'ensemble ainsi constitué par le corps 44, la tige 45 et la rondelle 48 formant une première ligne coaxiale de transmission ayant une impédance caractéristique égale à 50 ohms à laquelle est adaptée la couche résistive de la tige 45.Between the body 44 and the rod 45 is placed a washer 48 made of insulating material, such as for example teflon (registered trademark), extending substantially over the entire length of the body 44, the assembly thus formed by the body 44, the rod 45 and the washer 48 forming a first coaxial transmission line having a characteristic impedance equal to 50 ohms to which the resistive layer of the rod 45 is adapted.

Ce premier ensemble 42 comporte de plus une pièce intermédiaire en forme de tige 49, réalisée en un matériau conducteur, tel que par exemple du bronze Béryllium doré, et s'étendant dans le prolongement longitudinal de la tige 45 pour déboucher au niveau de l'autre face terminale ouverte du corps 44. Cette pièce 49 est fixée à l'une de ses extrémités, par exemple par soudage, sur l'autre métallisation 46 de la tige 45, et est pourvue à son autre extrémité d'un évidement central 50, l'ensemble ainsi constitué par le corps 44, la pièce 49 et la rondelle 48 formant une seconde ligne coaxiale de transmission continue à la première ligne coaxiale décrite ci-dessus.This first assembly 42 further comprises an intermediate piece in the form of a rod 49, made of a conductive material, such as for example golden Beryllium bronze, and extending in the longitudinal extension of the rod 45 to open at the other open end face of the body 44. This part 49 is fixed at one of its ends, for example by welding, to the other metallization 46 of the rod 45, and is provided at its other end with a central recess 50, the assembly thus formed by the body 44, the part 49 and the washer 48 forming a second coaxial line of continuous transmission to the first coaxial line described above.

Le second ensemble de la charge, repéré globalement en 52, comporte une rondelle 54 en matériau isolant, tel que par exemple du téflon (marque déposée), de diamètre sensiblement inférieur à celui du corps 44, et percée d'un orifice central à l'intérieur duquel est montée fixement une tige 55 en matériau conducteur, tel que par exemple du bronze Béryllium doré, et se terminant par une pointe 56 faisant saillie longitudinalement.The second set of the load, generally identified at 52, comprises a washer 54 made of insulating material, such as for example Teflon (registered trademark), of diameter substantially smaller than that of the body 44, and pierced with a central orifice at the 'inside which is fixedly mounted a rod 55 of conductive material, such as for example golden Beryllium bronze, and ending with a point 56 projecting longitudinally.

Les deux ensembles 42 et 52 sont solidarisés entre eux par insertion de la pointe 56 de la tige 55 dans l'évidement 50 de la pièce 49, la tige 55 formant ainsi un contacteur. Une fois l'enfichage réalisé, la rondelle 54 vient en appui sur la rondelle 48.The two assemblies 42 and 52 are joined together by insertion of the tip 56 of the rod 55 in the recess 50 of the part 49, the rod 55 thus forming a contactor. Once the insertion has been made, the washer 54 comes to bear on the washer 48.

Une fois les deux ensembles 42 et 52 solidarisés entre eux, ceux-ci sont insérés dans l'ouverture centrale de la monture 38, de telle sorte que le corps 44 vienne en butée sur un épaulement circulaire 61 pratiqué dans l'ouverture centrale, tandis que la rondelle 54 et le contacteur 55 débouchent au niveau de la face terminale de la monture 38 définie comme étant la face venant se fixer sur les deux plans de masse 20 et 21 de l'isolateur. Pour assurer une continuité électrique entre le conducteur central 25 et les deux ensembles solidarisés 42 et 52, le contacteur 55 est fixé, par exemple par soudage, sur le conducteur central 25. Ainsi, l'ensemble constitué par la monture 38, le contacteur 55 et la rondelle 54 forme une troisième ligne coaxiale de transmission continue à la seconde ligne coaxiale décrite ci-dessus.Once the two assemblies 42 and 52 are secured to each other, these are inserted into the central opening of the frame 38, so that the body 44 abuts on a circular shoulder 61 formed in the central opening, while that the washer 54 and the contactor 55 open at the end face of the mount 38 defined as being the face which is fixed on the two ground planes 20 and 21 of the insulator. To ensure electrical continuity between the central conductor 25 and the two integral assemblies 42 and 52, the contactor 55 is fixed, for example by welding, to the central conductor 25. Thus, the assembly formed by the mount 38, the contactor 55 and the washer 54 forms a third coaxial line of continuous transmission to the second coaxial line described above.

Après avoir réalisé d'une part l'insertion des deux ensembles 42 et 52 dans la monture 38, et d'autre part la fixation du contacteur 55 et de la monture 38 respectivement sur le conducteur central 25 et les deux plans de masse 20 et 21, l'ensemble 42 se trouve dès lors électriquement isolé de la masse par la présence de la couche isolante 40 constituant une barrière électrique d'une part entre le corps 44 et la monture 38, et d'autre part entre la monture 38 et les plans de masse 20 et 21.After having carried out on the one hand the insertion of the two assemblies 42 and 52 in the frame 38, and on the other hand the fixing of the contactor 55 and of the frame 38 respectively on the conductor central 25 and the two ground planes 20 and 21, the assembly 42 is therefore electrically isolated from the ground by the presence of the insulating layer 40 constituting an electrical barrier on the one hand between the body 44 and the frame 38, and on the other hand between the mount 38 and the ground planes 20 and 21.

Le troisième ensemble de la charge, repéré globalement en 62, comporte une rondelle 64 en matériau isolant, tel que par exemple du téflon (marque déposée), traversée par un conducteur central 66, par exemple en caoutchouc silicone chargé à l'argent. Cet ensemble 62 est reçu dans l'ouverture centrale de la monture 38 en venant prendre appui sur le corps 44 au niveau d'un épaulement circulaire 67 pratiqué dans l'ouverture centrale. Une fois logé dans la monture 38, l'ensemble 62 débouche au niveau de l'autre face terminale de la monture 38, et l'ensemble ainsi constitué par le conducteur 66, la monture 38 et la rondelle 64 forme une quatrième ligne coaxiale de transmission continue à la première ligne coaxiale décrite précédemment.The third set of the load, generally identified at 62, comprises a washer 64 made of insulating material, such as for example Teflon (registered trademark), crossed by a central conductor 66, for example made of silicone rubber loaded with silver. This assembly 62 is received in the central opening of the frame 38 by coming to bear on the body 44 at a circular shoulder 67 formed in the central opening. Once housed in the frame 38, the assembly 62 opens at the other end face of the frame 38, and the assembly thus formed by the conductor 66, the frame 38 and the washer 64 forms a fourth coaxial line of continuous transmission to the first coaxial line described above.

Comme il apparaît sur la figure 4, la charge 15 comporte de plus un connecteur classique 72 identique à ceux repérés en 17 et 18 sur la figure 3, et disposé dans le prolongement longitudinal de la monture 38. Ce connecteur 72 comporte une embase 34 de section, par exemple carrée, identique à celle de la monture 38, et montée fixement sur la monture 38 au moyen de vis (non représentées) qui assurent également la fixation de la monture 38 sur les plans de masse 20 et 21.As it appears in FIG. 4, the load 15 further comprises a conventional connector 72 identical to those identified in 17 and 18 in FIG. 3, and disposed in the longitudinal extension of the mount 38. This connector 72 comprises a base 34 of section, for example square, identical to that of the frame 38, and fixedly mounted on the frame 38 by means of screws (not shown) which also ensure the fixing of the frame 38 on the ground planes 20 and 21.

Le connecteur 72 comporte de plus un ruban central conducteur 74 entouré par un diélectrique et monté à l'une de ses extrémités en contact, par exemple par pression, avec le conducteur 66 de l'ensemble 62. L'autre extrémité du ruban 74 est pourvue d'une fiche destinée à être connectée à l'une des bornes de la source de tension continue V, l'autre borne de cette source étant reliée à la masse.The connector 72 further comprises a central conductive strip 74 surrounded by a dielectric and mounted at one of its ends in contact, for example by pressure, with the conductor 66 of the assembly 62. The other end of the strip 74 is provided with a plug intended to be connected to one of the terminals of the DC voltage source V, the other terminal of this source being connected to ground.

On notera que les parties conductrices des trois ensembles 42, 52 et 62 assurent la continuité électrique entre le connecteur et le conducteur central de l'isolateur.It will be noted that the conductive parts of the three sets 42, 52 and 62 provide electrical continuity between the connector and the central conductor of the insulator.

Ainsi, la charge décrite ci-dessus permet, par sa structure même, d'être utilisée simultanément comme charge isolée en courant continu et comme entrée d'une source de polarisation d'un élément actif.Thus, the load described above makes it possible, by its very structure, to be used simultaneously as an isolated DC load and as an input of a bias source of an active element.

On notera que la description ci-dessus a été faite en référence à un isolateur réalisé à partir d'un seul circulateur à jonction Y dont l'une des voies est fermée sur une charge coaxiale adaptée. Bien sur, l'invention s'applique également à un isolateur réalisé à partir de deux ou plusieurs circulateurs à jonction Y mis en série et pour chacun desquels l'une des voies est fermée sur une charge coaxiale adaptée, de façon à obtenir une forte isolation, sans sortir du cadre de l'invention.It will be noted that the above description has been made with reference to an isolator produced from a single Y-junction circulator, one of the channels of which is closed on a suitable coaxial load. Of course, the invention also applies to an insulator made from two or more Y-junction circulators placed in series and for each of which one of the channels is closed on a suitable coaxial load, so as to obtain a high insulation, without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (13)

1. Charge hyperfréquence coaxiale comportant un premier ensemble (42) comprenant un corps cylindrique conducteur (44), une pièce cylindrique formant tige (45) logée à l'intérieur du corps, réalisée en un matériau isolant recouvert d'une couche résistive, et dont les deux extrémités sont métallisées, et une première pièce formant rondelle (48) en matériau isolant interposée entre le corps et la tige, ce premier ensemble (42) formant une première ligne coaxiale de transmission ayant une impédance caractéristique donnée à laquelle est adaptée la couche résistive de la tige, caractérisée en ce que la charge comporte de plus une pièce formant monture (38) réalisée en un matériau conducteur, percée d'une ouverture centrale destinée à recevoir le premier ensemble (42), et recouverte sur sa surface d'une couche isolante (40), de sorte qu'une fois le premier ensemble logé dans la monture, la charge se trouve isolée en courant continu.1. Coaxial microwave load comprising a first assembly (42) comprising a conductive cylindrical body (44), a cylindrical part forming a rod (45) housed inside the body, made of an insulating material covered with a resistive layer, and the two ends of which are metallized, and a first part forming a washer (48) made of insulating material interposed between the body and the rod, this first assembly (42) forming a first coaxial line of transmission having a given characteristic impedance to which the resistive layer of the rod, characterized in that the load further comprises a frame-forming part (38) made of a conductive material, pierced with a central opening intended to receive the first assembly (42), and covered on its surface d 'an insulating layer (40), so that once the first assembly housed in the frame, the load is isolated by direct current. 2. Charge selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le matériau conducteur de la monture (38) est de l'aluminium, et en ce que la couche isolante (40) déposée sur la monture est de l'alumine obtenue par oxydation anodique.2. Filler according to claim 1, characterized in that the conductive material of the frame (38) is aluminum, and in that the insulating layer (40) deposited on the frame is of alumina obtained by anodic oxidation . 3. Charge selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisée en ce que le corps cylindrique (44) est fermé à l'une de ses faces terminales par une partie conductrice sur laquelle est fixée l'une des extrémités métallisées de la tige (45) logée à l'intérieur du corps, en ce que le corps cylindrique (44) est ouvert à son autre face terminale par laquelle sont destinées à être insérées la tige (45) et la rondelle (48), en ce que la tige a une longueur inférieure à celle du corps, et en ce que la rondelle a sensiblement la même longueur que le corps.3. Load according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the cylindrical body (44) is closed at one of its end faces by a conductive part on which is fixed one of the metallized ends of the rod (45) housed inside the body, in that the cylindrical body (44) is open at its other end face by which the rod (45) and the washer (48) are intended to be inserted, in that the rod has a length less than that of the body, and in that the washer has substantially the same length as the body. 4. Charge selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que le premier ensemble (42) comporte de plus une pièce intermédiaire conductrice (49) munie d'un évidement central (50) et logée à l'intérieur du corps entre l'autre extrémité métallisée ce la tige sur laquelle la pièce intermédiaire est fixée et la face terminale ouverte du corps, l'ensemble constitué par le corps (44), la pièce intermédiaire (49) et la rondelle (48) formant une seconde ligne coaxiale de transmission continue à la première ligne coaxiale, et en ce que la charge comporte un second ensemble (52) comprenant une seconde pièce formant rondelle (54) en matériau isolant, de diamètre sensiblement inférieur à celui du corps, et percée d'un orifice central, et une tige (55) en matériau conducteur montée fixement dans l'orifice et se terminant à l'une de ses extrémités par une pointe (56) faisant saillie longitudinalement, la pointe de la tige venant s'insérer avec contact dans l'évidement (50) de la pièce intermédiaire et la seconde rondelle (54) venant en appui sur la première rondelle (48), de sorte qu'après insertion de la pointe de la tige dans l'évidement, les premier (42) et second (52) ensembles constituent un même ensemble unitaire.4. Load according to claim 3, characterized in that the first assembly (42) further comprises a conductive intermediate piece (49) provided with a central recess (50) and housed inside the body between the other end metallized that the rod on which the intermediate part is fixed and the open end face of the body, the assembly constituted by the body (44), the intermediate part (49) and the washer (48) forming a second coaxial line of continuous transmission to the first coaxial line, and in that the load comprises a second assembly (52) comprising a second piece forming a washer (54) made of insulating material, of diameter substantially smaller than that of the body, and pierced with a central orifice, and a rod (55) of conductive material fixedly mounted in the orifice and ending at one of its ends by a point (56) projecting longitudinally, the point of the rod coming into contact with the recess ( 50) of the intermediate piece and the second washer (54) resting on the first washer (48), so that after insertion of the tip of the rod into the recess, the first (42) and second (52) sets constitute the same unitary set . 5. Charge selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que la monture (38) présente une forme parallélépipédique ayant un axe longitudinal le long duquel est pratiquée l'ouverture centrale débouchant sur deux faces opposées de la monture et destinée à recevoir le premier ensemble (42) solidaire du second ensemble (52), et en ce que l'ouverture centrale présente un premier épaulement circulaire (61) sur lequel vient en butée le corps (44) du premier ensemble au niveau de sa face terminale ouverte, la rondelle (54) du second ensemble débouchant au niveau de l'une des faces opposées de la monture, l'ensemble constitué par la monture (38), la tige (55) et la rondelle (54) du second ensemble formant une troisième ligne coaxiale de transmission continue à la seconde ligne coaxiale.5. Load according to claim 4, characterized in that the frame (38) has a parallelepiped shape having a longitudinal axis along which is formed the central opening opening on two opposite faces of the frame and intended to receive the first set ( 42) secured to the second assembly (52), and in that the central opening has a first circular shoulder (61) on which the body (44) of the first assembly abuts at its open end face, the washer ( 54) of the second assembly emerging at one of the opposite faces of the frame, the assembly consisting of the frame (38), the rod (55) and the washer (54) of the second assembly forming a third coaxial line of continuous transmission to the second coaxial line. 6. Charge selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte de plus un troisième ensemble (62) comprenant une troisième pièce formant rondelle (64) en matériau isolant percée d'un orifice central, et une tige (66) en matériau conducteur montée fixement dans l'orifice, ce troisième ensemble (62) étant destiné à être logé dans la monture (38), et en ce que l'ouverture centrale de la monture présente un second épaulement circulaire (67) pratiqué au niveau de la face terminale fermée du corps du premier ensemble une fois logé dans la monture et sur lequel vient en butée la rondelle (64) du troisième ensemble, cette rondelle (64) débouchant au niveau de l'autre face opposée de la monture et l'ensemble constitué par la monture (38), la tige (66) et la rondelle (64) du troisième ensemble formant une quatrième ligne coaxiale de transmission continue à la première ligne coaxiale.6. Load according to claim 5, characterized in that it further comprises a third assembly (62) comprising a third part forming a washer (64) of insulating material pierced with a central orifice, and a rod (66) of material conductor fixedly mounted in the orifice, this third assembly (62) being intended to be housed in the frame (38), and in that the central opening of the frame has a second circular shoulder (67) formed at the level of the closed end face of the body of the first assembly once housed in the frame and on which the washer (64) of the third assembly comes into abutment, this washer (64) emerging at the level of the other opposite face of the frame and the assembly constituted by the mount (38), the rod (66) and the washer (64) of the third assembly forming a fourth coaxial line of continuous transmission to the first coaxial line. 7. Charge selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte de plus une pièce formant connecteur (72) disposée dans le prolongement longitudinal de la monture (38), pourvue d'une embase (34) destinée à être montée fixement sur la monture, et munie d'un ruban central conducteur (74) dont l'une des extrémités est reliée au corps (44) du premier ensemble, et dont l'autre extrémité est destinée à être connectée à une source de tension continue (V), le connecteur une fois solidaire de la monture constituant une borne d'entrée de la source de tension continue.7. Load according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it further comprises a connector part (72) disposed in the longitudinal extension of the frame (38), provided with a base (34) intended to be fixedly mounted on the frame, and provided with a central conductive strip (74) one end of which is connected to the body (44) of the first set, and the other end of which is intended to be connected to a source DC voltage (V), the connector once secured to the mount constituting an input terminal of the DC voltage source. 8. Charge selon les revendications 6 et 7, caractérisée en ce que l'embase (34) du connecteur est fixée sur la face de la monture au niveau de laquelle débouche le troisième ensemble (62), et en ce que le ruban conducteur (74) est directement en contact avec la tige (66) du troisième ensemble.8. Load according to claims 6 and 7, characterized in that the base (34) of the connector is fixed to the face of the frame at which the third assembly opens (62), and in that the conductive tape ( 74) is directly in contact with the rod (66) of the third assembly. 9. Charge selon l'une des revendications 7 et 8, caractérisée en ce que la monture (38) présente une section transversale identique à celle de l'embase (34) du connecteur.9. Load according to one of claims 7 and 8, characterized in that the mount (38) has a cross section identical to that of the base (34) of the connector. 10. Isolateur réalisé à partir d'un circulateur comportant un conducteur central (25) à trois branches formant entre elles un angle sensiblement égal à 120°, deux pièces en matériau ferrimagnétique (23, 24) entre lesquelles est inséré le conducteur, deux plans de masse (20, 21) disposés de part et d'autre des deux pièces en matériau ferrimagnétique, respectivement, et des moyens (27) pour appliquer un champ magnétique de polarisation aux deux pièces en matériau ferrimagnétique, caractérisé en ce que sur les plans de masse (20, 21) et sur l'une des branches du conducteur central (25) sont respectivement montées fixement la monture (38) et la tige (55) du second ensemble de la charge telle que définie selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 à 9.10. Insulator produced from a circulator comprising a central conductor (25) with three branches forming between them an angle substantially equal to 120 °, two pieces of ferrimagnetic material (23, 24) between which the conductor is inserted, two planes mass (20, 21) arranged on either side of the two pieces of ferrimagnetic material, respectively, and means (27) for applying a magnetic polarization field to the two pieces of ferrimagnetic material, characterized in that on the planes mass (20, 21) and on one of the branches of the central conductor (25) are respectively fixedly mounted the mount (38) and the rod (55) of the second set of the load as defined according to any one of claims 4 to 9. 11. Isolateur selon les revendications 7 et 10, caractérisé en ce que les deux autres branches du conducteur central (25) sont chacune fixées à un connecteur identique à celui monté dans le prolongement longitudinal de la monture (38).11. An insulator according to claims 7 and 10, characterized in that the two other branches of the central conductor (25) are each fixed to a connector identical to that mounted in the longitudinal extension of the frame (38). 12. Isolateur selon l'une des revendications 10 ou 11, caractérisé en ce qu'il est réalisé à partir d'au moins deux circulateurs mis en série pour chacun desquels l'une des branches du conducteur central (25) est fermée sur la charge.12. Insulator according to one of claims 10 or 11, characterized in that it is produced from at least two circulators placed in series for each of which one of the branches of the central conductor (25) is closed on the charge. 13. Utilisation d'un isolateur tel que défini selon l'une des revendications 11 et 12, caractérisée en ce que l'isolateur constitue un circuit de découplage entre une source hyperfréquence (12) et un élément actif (14) susceptible d'être polarisé à partir de la source de tension continue (V) reliée au connecteur (72) disposé dans le prolongement longitudinal de la monture (38).13. Use of an insulator as defined according to one of claims 11 and 12, characterized in that the insulator constitutes a decoupling circuit between a microwave source (12) and an active element (14) capable of being polarized from the DC voltage source (V) connected to the connector (72) arranged in the longitudinal extension of the mount (38).
EP83402187A 1982-11-19 1983-11-10 Coaxial high-frequency termination, isolator in the triplate technique embodying such a termination, and use of such an isolator Expired EP0109895B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8219429 1982-11-19
FR8219429A FR2536588B1 (en) 1982-11-19 1982-11-19 COAXIAL MICROWAVE LOAD, TRIPLATE TYPE INSULATOR COMPRISING SUCH A LOAD AND USE OF SUCH AN INSULATOR

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0109895A1 true EP0109895A1 (en) 1984-05-30
EP0109895B1 EP0109895B1 (en) 1988-06-01

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EP83402187A Expired EP0109895B1 (en) 1982-11-19 1983-11-10 Coaxial high-frequency termination, isolator in the triplate technique embodying such a termination, and use of such an isolator

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Country Link
US (1) US4551693A (en)
EP (1) EP0109895B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3376933D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2536588B1 (en)

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GB0810347D0 (en) 2008-06-06 2008-07-09 Smiths Group Plc Microwave circulators
US9270071B2 (en) * 2013-03-13 2016-02-23 International Business Machines Corporation Microwave connector with filtering properties
US9300029B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2016-03-29 International Business Machines Corporation Coaxial transmission line slot filter with absorptive matrix

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EP0401725A3 (en) * 1989-06-09 1991-07-31 SELENIA INDUSTRIE ELETTRONICHE ASSOCIATE S.p.A. Element with periodic structure for application in the microwave field

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2536588B1 (en) 1985-07-19
FR2536588A1 (en) 1984-05-25
DE3376933D1 (en) 1988-07-07
US4551693A (en) 1985-11-05
EP0109895B1 (en) 1988-06-01

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