EP0108888B1 - Plant for the heat treatment of granular material - Google Patents

Plant for the heat treatment of granular material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0108888B1
EP0108888B1 EP83109193A EP83109193A EP0108888B1 EP 0108888 B1 EP0108888 B1 EP 0108888B1 EP 83109193 A EP83109193 A EP 83109193A EP 83109193 A EP83109193 A EP 83109193A EP 0108888 B1 EP0108888 B1 EP 0108888B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
cooling air
duct
exhaust gas
opens
precalcination
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EP83109193A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0108888A1 (en
Inventor
Detlev Dipl.-Ing. Kupper
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ThyssenKrupp Industrial Solutions AG
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Krupp Polysius AG
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/20Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to rotary-drum furnaces
    • F27B7/2016Arrangements of preheating devices for the charge
    • F27B7/2025Arrangements of preheating devices for the charge consisting of a single string of cyclones

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plant for the heat treatment of fine-grained material, in particular for the production of cement, with a cyclone preheater consisting of a plurality of stages arranged one above the other, a rotary kiln, a cooler and a precalcination zone formed by the kiln exhaust gas line between the rotary kiln and the cyclone preheater and supplied with additional fuel is flowed through by the exhaust gases of the rotary kiln essentially from the bottom up and into which two cooling air lines connected to the cooler open.
  • a cyclone preheater consisting of a plurality of stages arranged one above the other, a rotary kiln, a cooler and a precalcination zone formed by the kiln exhaust gas line between the rotary kiln and the cyclone preheater and supplied with additional fuel is flowed through by the exhaust gases of the rotary kiln essentially from the bottom up and into which two cooling air lines connected to the cooler
  • This known embodiment has various disadvantages. Due to the multiple cross-sectional constrictions of the furnace exhaust pipe, the result is a relatively complicated construction which is not suitable for retrofitting existing systems. In the area of the cross-sectional constrictions of the furnace exhaust pipe there is also the risk of interfering material deposits. Furthermore, since the material to be preheated and the fuel are introduced into the furnace exhaust line independently of one another at different points, the heat transfer from the fuel via the gas to the material is somewhat less favorable.
  • the invention is based on the object of further improving this known system so that a particularly high degree of deacidification of the raw material and good combustion of the fuel result.
  • Deacidification or precalcination means the expulsion of CO 2 from CaC0 3 according to the following equation:
  • Recarbonization is the reverse process.
  • already deacidified material (CaO) due to a high CO 2 CO 2 takes -Partialdruk- kes or due to low material temperature again.
  • the invention is now based on the knowledge that the CO z partial pressure can be reduced and the stagnant deacidification reaction can be progressed by a second cooling air line that opens into the furnace exhaust line in a higher position. It is essential, however, that the caused by the further supply of cooling air, the CO 2 partial pressure is reduced without reducing the temperature.
  • the upper cooling air line is also provided with a supply for additional fuel.
  • the degree of deacidification initially increases suddenly in the first pre-calcining section (ie from the confluence of the lower cooling air line to the confluence of the upper cooling air line).
  • the CO 2 concentration is diluted by the additional amount of tertiary air supplied via the upper cooling air line. This results in a further sharp increase in the degree of deacidification and a good burnout of the fuel.
  • the solution according to the invention enables a substantial increase in the efficiency of the precalcination zone without any significant additional technical outlay on the plant.
  • the system according to FIG. 1 contains a rotary kiln 1, a multi-stage cyclone preheater of known type shown only partially, namely only with regard to the lowest cyclone stage 2, and an oven exhaust line 3 leading from the rotary kiln 1 to the lowest cyclone stage 2, which forms the precalcination zone.
  • a line 4 leads from the cooler (not illustrated) to the furnace exhaust gas line 3.
  • the line 4 is divided into a lower and an upper cooling air line 4 a, 4 b, which open into the furnace exhaust gas line 3 at different heights.
  • the lower cooling air line 4a opens approximately in the middle and the upper cooling air line 4b approximately tangentially into the furnace exhaust line 3. Both of the cooling air lines 4a, 4b have a line part 4'a or 4'b directed obliquely downwards before they open into the furnace exhaust gas line 3.
  • Feeds 5, 6 for additional fuel are provided near the mouth of the cooling air lines 4a, 4b. Furthermore, the good discharge line 7 (not shown) of the second lowest cyclone stage of the multi-stage cyclone preheater opens into the lower cooling air line 4a.
  • the fuel supplied via the supply 5 mixes with the preheated material entered via the line 7 and the cooling air supplied via the line 4a, so that when it enters Fuel / good-air mixture in the furnace exhaust pipe 3 uses spontaneous combustion of the fuel on the good.
  • the degree of deacidification (p) thus rises abruptly in this first precalcination path s, which extends from the confluence of the lower cooling air line 4a to the confluence of the upper cooling air line 4b.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Anlage zur Wärmebehandlung von feinkörnigem Gut, insbesondere zur Herstellung von Zement, mit einem aus mehreren, übereinander angeordneten Stufen bestehenden Zyklonvorwärmer, einem Drehrohrofen, einem Kühler sowie einer von der Ofenabgasleitung zwischen Drehrohrofen und Zyklonvorwärmer gebildeten, mitzusätzlichem Brennstoff versorgten Vorcalcinierzone, die von den Abgasen des Drehrohrofens im wesentlichen von unten nach oben durchströmt wird und in die zwei an den Kühler angeschlossene Kühlluftleitungen einmünden.The invention relates to a plant for the heat treatment of fine-grained material, in particular for the production of cement, with a cyclone preheater consisting of a plurality of stages arranged one above the other, a rotary kiln, a cooler and a precalcination zone formed by the kiln exhaust gas line between the rotary kiln and the cyclone preheater and supplied with additional fuel is flowed through by the exhaust gases of the rotary kiln essentially from the bottom up and into which two cooling air lines connected to the cooler open.

Bei Anlagen zur Wärmebehandlung von feinkörnigem Gut, enthaltend einen Zyklonvorwärmer, eine Vorcalcinierzone, einen Drehrohrofen und einen Kühler, ist es bekannt, die heisse Abluft des Kühlers zur Trocknung des zu brennenden Gutes zu verwenden (D.E-A Nr. 2726138).In systems for the heat treatment of fine-grained material, containing a cyclone preheater, a pre-calcining zone, a rotary kiln and a cooler, it is known to use the hot exhaust air from the cooler to dry the material to be burned (D.E-A No. 2726138).

Es ist weiterhin bekannt, die Abluft des Kühlers unter Umgehung des Drehrohrofens unmittelbar der zwischen dem Zyklonvorwärmer und dem Drehrohrofen angeordneten Vorcalcinierzone als Verbrennungsluftzuzuleiten (DE-A Nr. 3012167).It is also known to direct the exhaust air of the cooler as combustion air bypassing the rotary kiln to the precalcination zone arranged between the cyclone preheater and the rotary kiln (DE-A No. 3012167).

Bei einer solchen Anlage ist es weiterhin auch bekannt, die in der Vorcalcinierzone benötigte Verbrennungsluft weitgehend oder ausschliesslich vom Kühler zuzuführen, während die Abgase des Drehrohrofens über einen Bypass ganz oder teilweise abgezogen werden (DE-A Nr. 2833774).In such a system, it is also known to supply the combustion air required in the precalcination zone largely or exclusively from the cooler, while the exhaust gases from the rotary kiln are removed in whole or in part via a bypass (DE-A No. 2833774).

Es ist ferner eine Anlage zur Wärmebehandlung von feinkörnigem Gut bekannt (DE-A Nr. 2801161), bei der die vom Drehrohrofen zur untersten Zyklonstufe des Vorwärmers führende, die Vorcalcinierzone bildende Abgasleitung mit mehreren übereinanderliegenden Einschnürungen versehen ist, wobei im Bereich dieser Querschnittseinschnürungen jeweils Brennstoff und Luft eingeführt werden. Das aus der zweituntersten Zyklonstufe ausgetragene Gut wird hierbei in den untersten Bereich der Ofenabgasleitung eingetragen.There is also known a plant for the heat treatment of fine-grained material (DE-A No. 2801161), in which the exhaust line leading from the rotary kiln to the lowest cyclone stage of the preheater and forming the precalcination zone is provided with several constrictions one above the other, with fuel in each case in the area of these cross-sectional constrictions and air are introduced. The material discharged from the second lowest cyclone stage is entered in the lowest area of the furnace exhaust pipe.

Diese bekannte Ausführung ist mit verschiedenen Nachteilen behaftet. Bedingt durch die mehreren Querschnittseinschnürungen der Ofenabgasleitung ergibt sich eine verhältnismässig komplizierte Bauweise, die sich nicht zur Umrüstung bereits vorhandener Anlagen eignet. Im Bereich der Querschnittseinschnürungen der Ofenabgasleitung besteht ferner die Gefahr störender Materialablagerungen. Da ferner das vorzuwärmende Gut und der Brennstoff unabhängig voneinander an verschiedenen Stellen in die Ofenabgasleitung eingeführt werden, ergibt sich ein wenig günstiger Wärmeübergang vom Brennstoff über das Gas auf das Gut.This known embodiment has various disadvantages. Due to the multiple cross-sectional constrictions of the furnace exhaust pipe, the result is a relatively complicated construction which is not suitable for retrofitting existing systems. In the area of the cross-sectional constrictions of the furnace exhaust pipe there is also the risk of interfering material deposits. Furthermore, since the material to be preheated and the fuel are introduced into the furnace exhaust line independently of one another at different points, the heat transfer from the fuel via the gas to the material is somewhat less favorable.

Diese Nachteile der bekannten Ausführung werden bei einer von der Anmelderin entwickelten Anlage (EP-B1 Nr. 2054) vermieden, bei der zwei Kühlluftleitungen an einander gegenüberliegenden Stellen in die Ofenabgasleitung einmünden, wobei an diese Kühlluftleitungen kurz vor ihrer Einmündung in die Ofenabgasleitung die Gutaustragsleitungen der zweituntersten Zyklonstufe sowie ggf. zusätzliche Brenner angeschlossen sind. Eine solche Ausführung ermöglicht es, mit geringem anlagentechnischen Aufwand für die Vorcalcinierzone eine vollständige und sehr gleichmässige Wärmeübertragung vom Brennstoff auf das Gut zu erreichen.These disadvantages of the known design are avoided in a system developed by the applicant (EP-B1 No. 2054), in which two cooling air lines open into the furnace exhaust gas line at opposite points, the good discharge lines of these cooling air lines shortly before their confluence with the furnace exhaust line second lowest cyclone stage and possibly additional burners are connected. Such a design makes it possible to achieve complete and very uniform heat transfer from the fuel to the material with little outlay in terms of plant technology for the precalcination zone.

Der Erfindung liegt nun die Aufgabe zugrunde, diese bekannte Anlage noch weiter dahin zu verbessern, dass sich ein besonders hoher Entsäuerungsgrad des Rohmateriales und ein guter Ausbrand des Brennstoffes ergeben.The invention is based on the object of further improving this known system so that a particularly high degree of deacidification of the raw material and good combustion of the fuel result.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss durch folgende Merkmale gelöst:

  • a) die beiden Kühlluftleitungen münden in unterschiedlicher Höhenlage in die Ofenabgasleitung ein;
  • b) beide Kühlluftleitungen sind nahe ihrer Einmündung in die Ofenabgasleitung mit Zuführungen für den zusätzlichen Brennstoff versehen;
  • c) indieuntereKühlluftleitungmündetdieGutaustragsleitung der zweituntersten Zyklonstufe ein.
According to the invention, this object is achieved by the following features:
  • a) the two cooling air lines open into the furnace exhaust line at different heights;
  • b) both cooling air lines are provided near their confluence with the furnace exhaust line with feeds for the additional fuel;
  • c) The discharge line of the second lowest cyclone stage opens into the lower cooling air line.

Ehe der mit der erfindungsgemässen Anordnung erzielte technische Fortschritt dargelegt wird, seien zunächst einige Begriffe erläutert.Before the technical progress achieved with the arrangement according to the invention is explained, a few terms will first be explained.

Unter Entsäuerung oder Vorcalcination versteht man das Austreiben des CO2 aus CaC03 gemäss folgender Gleichung:

Figure imgb0001
Deacidification or precalcination means the expulsion of CO 2 from CaC0 3 according to the following equation:
Figure imgb0001

Rekarbonatisierung ist der umgekehrte Vorgang. Hierbei nimmt bereits entsäuertes Material (CaO) aufgrund eines hohen CO2-Partialdruk- kes bzw. aufgrund niedriger Materialtemperatur wieder CO2 auf.Recarbonization is the reverse process. Here, already deacidified material (CaO) due to a high CO 2 CO 2 takes -Partialdruk- kes or due to low material temperature again.

Es wurde nun festgestellt, dass die Entsäuerungsreaktion bei bestimmten Temperatur- und COZ-Partialdruckverhältnissen zu stagnieren beginnt, so dass es zu einem Quasigleichgewicht zwischen den beiden obigen Reaktionen kommt. In der Vorcalcinierzone ist dann keine weitere Erhöhung des Entsäuerungsgrades zu erwarten.It has now been found that the deacidification reaction begins to stagnate at certain temperature and CO Z partial pressure ratios, so that there is a quasi-equilibrium between the two reactions above. No further increase in the degree of deacidification is then to be expected in the precalcination zone.

Dabei versteht man unter dem wirklichen Entsäuerungsgrad das Verhältnis des aus dem Rohmaterial tatsächlich ausgetriebenen CO2 zum ursprünglich im Rohmaterial vorhandenen COz. Unter dem scheinbaren Entsäuerungsgrad ist das Verhältnis des CO2-Gehaltes einer an einer bestimmten Stelle der Anlage entnommenen G'ut- probe zum CO2-Gehalt des Rohmateriales zu verstehen (im Hinblick auf den in der Anlage vorhandenen Kreislauf von hochentsäuertem staubförmigen Material ist der scheinbare Entsäuerungsgrad in der Regel etwas höher als der wirkliche Entsäuerungsgrad).Here we mean by the real deacidification the ratio of actually expelled from the raw material for CO 2 to initially present in the raw material CO. Under the deacidification apparent the ratio of the CO 2 content of a sample taken at a particular location of the plant G 'ut sample to the CO 2 content to understand the raw material (in terms of those present in the plant cycle of hochentsäuertem dust-like material is the apparent degree of deacidification is usually somewhat higher than the actual degree of deacidification).

Die Erfindung beruht nun auf der Erkenntnis, dass sich durch eine zweite, in höherer Lage in die Ofenabgasleitung einmündende Kühlluftleitung der COz-Partialdruck senken und ein Fortschreiten der stagnierenden Entsäuerungsreaktion erzielen lässt. Wesentlich ist hierbei allerdings, das die durch die weitere Kühlluftzufuhr bewirkte Absenkung des CO2-Partialdruckes ohne Verringerung der Temperatur erfolgt. Zu diesem Zweck ist auch die obere Kühlluftleitung mit einer Zuführung für zusätzlichen Brennstoff versehen.The invention is now based on the knowledge that the CO z partial pressure can be reduced and the stagnant deacidification reaction can be progressed by a second cooling air line that opens into the furnace exhaust line in a higher position. It is essential, however, that the caused by the further supply of cooling air, the CO 2 partial pressure is reduced without reducing the temperature. For this purpose, the upper cooling air line is also provided with a supply for additional fuel.

Bei der erfindungsgemässen Anordnung steigt damit in der ersten Vorcalcinierstrecke (d. h. von der Einmündung der unteren Kühlluftleitung bis zur Einmündung der oberen Kühlluftleitung) der Entsäuerungsgrad zunächst sprungartig an. Ehe dann eine Rekarbonatisierung erfolgt und sich ein Quasigleichgewicht zwischen Entsäuerung und Rekarbonatisierung einstellt, wird die CO2-Konzentration durch die über die obere Kühlluftleitung zugeführte weitere Tertiärluftmenge verdünnt. Dadurch ergeben sich ein erneuter starker Anstieg des Entsäuerungsgrades und ein guter Ausbrand des Brennstoffes.In the arrangement according to the invention, the degree of deacidification initially increases suddenly in the first pre-calcining section (ie from the confluence of the lower cooling air line to the confluence of the upper cooling air line). Before a recarbonization takes place and a quasi-equilibrium between deacidification and recarbonization occurs, the CO 2 concentration is diluted by the additional amount of tertiary air supplied via the upper cooling air line. This results in a further sharp increase in the degree of deacidification and a good burnout of the fuel.

Wie sich bei den der Erfindung zugrundeliegenden Versuchen zeigte, ist eine alleinige Brennstoffzufuhr zur Vorcalcinierzone (ohne die obere Kühlluftzufuhr) nicht sinnvoll, da der sich hierbei ergebende hohe COZ-Partialdruck die Entsäuerung extrem behindert und da ein geringes Sauerstoff-und hohes COs-Angebot ungünstig für den Ausbrand sind. Die erforderliche Verbrennungsluftmenge müsste in diesem Falle durch den Drehrohrofen gezogen werden. Bei alleiniger Brennstoffzufuhr (Drittfeuerung ohne Tertiärluft, d. h. Kühlerluft) würde eine weitere Entsäuerung in der Vorcalcinierzone nur mittels einer Temperaturerhöhung möglich sein. Dadurch würde sich jedoch auch die Abgastemperatur und damit der spezifische Gesamtwärmeverbrauch erhöhen.As was shown in the experiments on which the invention is based, it is not sensible to supply the fuel to the precalcination zone alone (without the upper cooling air supply), since the resulting high CO Z partial pressure extremely hinders deacidification and since low oxygen and high CO s Offer are unfavorable for burnout. In this case, the required amount of combustion air would have to be drawn through the rotary kiln. If the fuel was fed in alone (third-party firing without tertiary air, ie cooler air), further deacidification in the pre-calcining zone would only be possible by increasing the temperature. However, this would also increase the exhaust gas temperature and thus the specific total heat consumption.

Die erfindungsgemässe Lösung ermöglicht demgegenüber eine wesentliche Erhöhung des Wirkungsgrades der Vorcalcinierzone ohne nennenswerten zusätzlichen anlagentechnischen Aufwand.In contrast, the solution according to the invention enables a substantial increase in the efficiency of the precalcination zone without any significant additional technical outlay on the plant.

Zweckmässige Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche und werden im Zusammenhang mit der Beschreibung eines in der Zeichnung veranschaulichten Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert.Appropriate embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims and are explained in connection with the description of an exemplary embodiment illustrated in the drawing.

In der Zeichnung zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 ein Prinzipschema einer erfindungsgemässen Anlage;
  • Fig. 2 ein Diagramm, das die Entwicklung des Entsäuerungsgrades in der Vorcalcinierzone veranschaulicht.
The drawing shows:
  • 1 shows a basic diagram of a system according to the invention;
  • Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating the development of the degree of deacidification in the precalcination zone.

Die Anlage gemäss Fig. 1 enthält einen Drehrohrofen 1, einen nur teilweise, nämlich nur hinsichtlich der untersten Zyklonstufe 2 dargestellten mehrstufigen Zyklonvorwärmer bekannter Bauart sowie eine vom Drehrohrofen 1 zur untersten Zyklonstufe 2 führende Ofenabgasleitung 3, die die Vorcalcinierzone bildet.The system according to FIG. 1 contains a rotary kiln 1, a multi-stage cyclone preheater of known type shown only partially, namely only with regard to the lowest cyclone stage 2, and an oven exhaust line 3 leading from the rotary kiln 1 to the lowest cyclone stage 2, which forms the precalcination zone.

Vom dem nicht veranschaulichten Kühler führt eine Leitung 4 zur Ofenabgasleitung 3. Die Leitung 4teilt sich in eine untere und eine obere Kühlluftleitung 4a, 4b auf, die in unterschiedlicher Höhenlage in die Ofenabgasleitung 3 einmünden.A line 4 leads from the cooler (not illustrated) to the furnace exhaust gas line 3. The line 4 is divided into a lower and an upper cooling air line 4 a, 4 b, which open into the furnace exhaust gas line 3 at different heights.

Die untere Kühlluftleitung 4a mündet etwa mittig und die obere Kühlluftleitung 4b etwa tangential in die Ofenabgasleitung 3 ein. Beide Kühlluftleitungen 4a, 4b weisen vor ihrer Einmündung in die Ofenabgasleitung 3 einen schräg nach unten gerichteten Leitungsteil 4'a bzw. 4'b auf.The lower cooling air line 4a opens approximately in the middle and the upper cooling air line 4b approximately tangentially into the furnace exhaust line 3. Both of the cooling air lines 4a, 4b have a line part 4'a or 4'b directed obliquely downwards before they open into the furnace exhaust gas line 3.

Nahe der Einmündung der Kühlluftleitungen 4a, 4b sind Zuführungen 5, 6 für zusätzlichen Brennstoff vorgesehen. Weiterhin mündet in die untere Kühlluftleitung 4a die Gutaustragsleitung 7 der (nicht dargestellten) zweituntersten Zyklonstufe des mehrstufigen Zyklonvorwärmers ein.Feeds 5, 6 for additional fuel are provided near the mouth of the cooling air lines 4a, 4b. Furthermore, the good discharge line 7 (not shown) of the second lowest cyclone stage of the multi-stage cyclone preheater opens into the lower cooling air line 4a.

In der unteren Kühlluftleitung 4a vermischt sich somit noch kurz vor der Einmündung dieser Kühlluftleitung in die Ofenabgasleitung 3 der über die Zuführung 5 zugeführte Brennstoff mit dem über die Leitung 7 eingetragenen, vorgewärmten Gut und der über die Leitung 4a zugeführten Kühlluft, so dass beim Eintritt dieses Brennstoff/Gut-Luftgemisches in die Ofenabgasleitung 3 eine spontane Verbrennung des Brennstoffes am Gut einsetzt.In the lower cooling air line 4a, shortly before the opening of this cooling air line into the furnace exhaust gas line 3, the fuel supplied via the supply 5 mixes with the preheated material entered via the line 7 and the cooling air supplied via the line 4a, so that when it enters Fuel / good-air mixture in the furnace exhaust pipe 3 uses spontaneous combustion of the fuel on the good.

Der Entsäuerungsgrad (p steigt damit in dieser von der Einmündung der unteren Kühlluftleitung 4a bis zur Einmündung der oberen Kühlluftleitung 4b reichenden ersten Vorcalcinierstrekke s, sprunghaft an.The degree of deacidification (p) thus rises abruptly in this first precalcination path s, which extends from the confluence of the lower cooling air line 4a to the confluence of the upper cooling air line 4b.

Wird dann durch die obere Kühlluftleitung 4b eine weitere Brennstoff- und Luftmenge in die Ofenabgasleitung 3 eingeführt, so ergibt sich durch die Senkung des CO2-Partialdruckes ein Fortschreiten der Entsäuerungsreaktion in der zweiten Vorcalcinierstrecke sz, die von der Einmündung der oberen Kühlluftleitung 4b bis zur untersten Zyklonstufe 2 des Vorwärmers reicht.If a further quantity of fuel and air is then introduced into the furnace exhaust line 3 through the upper cooling air line 4b, the lowering of the CO 2 partial pressure results in a progression of the deacidification reaction in the second pre-calcining section s z , which starts from the confluence of the upper cooling air line 4b to to the bottom cyclone level 2 of the preheater is sufficient.

Bei einer praktischen Ausführung einer erfindungsgemässen Anlage können beispielsweise folgende Werte vorgesehen werden:

  • Länge S1 der ersten Vorcalcinierstrecke:
  • 4 bis 8, vorzugsweise 5 bis 6 m
  • LängeS2der zweiten Vorcalcinierstrecke:
  • 7 bis 15, vorzugsweise 9 bis 12 m
  • Gesamtvorcalcinierrate: 50 bis 60%
  • Vorcalcinierrate der ersten Vorcalcinierstrecke: 40 bis 50%
  • Luftüberschusszahl (im Drehrohrofen): 1,0 bis 1,1
  • Luftüberschusszahl an der Zweitfeuerung,
  • d. h. Brennstoffzuführung 5: 1,1 bis 1,2
  • Luftüberschusszahl an der Drittfeuerung,
  • d. h. Brennstoffzuführung 6: 1,3 bis 2,5 Temperatur am Ende der Vorcalcinierzone (abhängig von der Reaktivität des Rohmateriales) : 830 bis 860° C
In a practical implementation of a system according to the invention, the following values can be provided, for example:
  • Length S1 of the first pre-calcining line:
  • 4 to 8, preferably 5 to 6 m
  • Length S2 of the second pre-calcining section:
  • 7 to 15, preferably 9 to 12 m
  • Total precalcination rate: 50 to 60%
  • Pre-calcining rate of the first pre-calcining section: 40 to 50%
  • Air excess number (in the rotary kiln): 1.0 to 1.1
  • Excess air number on the secondary firing,
  • ie fuel supply 5: 1.1 to 1.2
  • Excess air number at the third firing,
  • ie fuel supply 6: 1.3 to 2.5 temperature at the end of the precalcination zone (depending on the reactivity of the raw material): 830 to 860 ° C

Zur weiteren Erläuterung der Betriebsverhältnisse bei einer solchen Anlage seien die an den Messpunkten 11 bis 22 (vgl. Fig. 1) vorhandenen Messdaten genannt:

  • Messpunkt:
  • 11 Brennstoff 335 kcal/kg Klinker Luftüberschuss 1,1 Sekundärluft 0,0502 kg/kg Klinker
  • 12 Gas- und Staubtemperatur 1240°C COZ-Konz. 22% Staubrückführung aus dem Drehrohr 0,2 kg/kg Klinker (Staub ist zu 100% entsäuert)
  • 13 Material aus zweitunterster Zyklonstufe 1,53 kg/kg Klinker (Entsäuerungsgrad 0%) Staub aus zweitunterster Zyklonstufe 0,2 kg/kg Klinker (Entsäuerungsgrad 90%) Scheinbarer Entsäuerungsgrad 11 % Material- und Staubtemperatur 700°C
  • 14 CO2-Konz. nach Mischung 12,6% Max. scheinbarer Entsäuerungsgrad 20%
  • 15 Gas-, Material- und Staubtemperatur 870°C Wirklicher Entsäuerungsgrad 60% Scheinbarer Entsäuerungsgrad 69% CO2-Konz. 27%
  • 16 CO2-Konz. nach Mischung 24% Luftüberschusszahl 1,2
  • 17 Material und Staub 1,48 kg/kg Klinker Gas-, Material- und Staubtemperatur 840°C Wirklicher Entsäuerungsgrad 85% Scheinbarer Entsäuerungsgrad 89% CO2-Konz. 30%
  • 18 Tertiärlufttemperatur 703° C Tertiärluftmenge 0,0742 kg/kg Klinker
  • 19 Tertiärluftmenge (Zweitfeuerung) 0,0513 kg/kg Klinker Tertiärlufttemperatur 703° C
  • 20 Brennstoff/Zweitfeuerung 314 kcal/kg Klinker Luftüberschusszahl 1,2
  • 21 Tertiärluftmenge (Drittfeuerung) 0,0206 kg/kg Klinker Tertiärlufttemperatur 703° C
  • 22 Brennstoff/Drittfeuerung 101 kcal/kg Klinker Luftüberschusszahl 1,5
To further explain the operating conditions in such a system, the measurement data available at measurement points 11 to 22 (cf. FIG. 1) are mentioned:
  • Measuring point:
  • 11 fuel 335 kcal / kg clinker excess air 1.1 secondary air 0.0502 kg / kg clinker
  • 12 gas and dust temperature 1240 ° C CO Z conc. 22% dust return from the rotary kiln 0.2 kg / kg clinker (dust is 100% deacidified)
  • 13 Material from the second lowest cyclone stage 1.53 kg / kg clinker (degree of deacidification 0%) Dust from the second lowest cyclone stage 0.2 kg / kg clinker (degree of deacidification 90%) Apparent degree of deacidification 11% Material and dust temperature 700 ° C
  • 14 CO 2 conc. after mixing 12.6% Max. apparent degree of deacidification 20%
  • 15 Gas, material and dust temperature 870 ° C Real degree of deacidification 60% Apparent degree of deacidification 69% CO 2 conc. 27%
  • 16 CO 2 conc. after mixing 24% excess air 1.2
  • 17 Material and dust 1.48 kg / kg clinker Gas, material and dust temperature 840 ° C Real degree of deacidification 85% Apparent degree of deacidification 89% CO 2 conc. 30%
  • 18 Tertiary air temperature 703 ° C Tertiary air volume 0.0742 kg / kg clinker
  • 19 Tertiary air volume (secondary firing) 0.0513 kg / kg clinker tertiary air temperature 703 ° C
  • 20 fuel / secondary firing 314 kcal / kg clinker excess air 1.2
  • 21 Tertiary air volume (third party firing) 0.0206 kg / kg clinker tertiary air temperature 703 ° C
  • 22 Fuel / third-party firing 101 kcal / kg clinker excess air 1.5

Claims (5)

1. Apparatus for the heat treatment of fine- grained material, particularly for the production of cement, having a cyclone preheater consisting of a plurality of stages arranged one above the other, a rotary kiln, a cooler and a precalcination zone which is formed by the kiln exhaust gas duct between the rotary kiln and the cyclone preheater and is supplied with additional fuel, the exhaust gases from the rotary kiln flowing substantially upwards from below through the precalcination zone into which two cooling air ducts connected to the cooler open, characterised by the following features:
(a) the two coaling air ducts (4a, 4b) open into the kiln exhaust gas duct (3) at different points in its height;
(b) both cooling air ducts (4a, 4b) are provided with supply lines (5, 6) for the additional fuel close to the points where they open into the kiln exhaust gas duct (3);
(c) the material discharge duct (7) from the second lowest cyclone stage opens into the lower cooling air duct (4a).
2. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the upper cooling air duct (4b) opens tangentially into the kiln exhaust gas duct (3).
3. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the lower cooling air duct (4a) opens centrally into the kiln exhaust gas duct (3).
4. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the length (s1) of the first precalcination section which extends from the point where the lower cooling air duct (4a) opens into the kiln exhaust gas duct (3) to the point where the upper cooling air duct (4b) opens into the duct (3) is 4 to 8, preferably 5 to 6 m.
5. Apparatus as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the length (s2) of the second precalcination section which extends from the point where the upper cooling air duct (4b) opens into the kiln exhaust gas duct (3) to the lowest cyclone stage (2) is 7 to 15, preferably 9 to 12 m.
EP83109193A 1982-10-12 1983-09-16 Plant for the heat treatment of granular material Expired EP0108888B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3237689 1982-10-12
DE19823237689 DE3237689A1 (en) 1982-10-12 1982-10-12 PLANT FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FINE GRAIN

Publications (2)

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EP0108888A1 EP0108888A1 (en) 1984-05-23
EP0108888B1 true EP0108888B1 (en) 1986-03-12

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EP83109193A Expired EP0108888B1 (en) 1982-10-12 1983-09-16 Plant for the heat treatment of granular material

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US (1) US4514170A (en)
EP (1) EP0108888B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS59137350A (en)
DE (2) DE3237689A1 (en)
ES (1) ES526398A0 (en)
ZA (1) ZA837133B (en)

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DK443383A (en) * 1983-09-28 1985-03-29 Smidth & Co As F L METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DISPOSAL OF ORGANIC INGREDIENTS IN RAW PHOSPHATE
DE3420078A1 (en) * 1984-05-29 1985-12-05 Krupp Polysius Ag, 4720 Beckum Process and plant for heat treatment of fine granular material
JPS60264350A (en) * 1984-06-11 1985-12-27 秩父セメント株式会社 Manufacture and facilities for white cement clinker
DE3522272A1 (en) * 1985-03-22 1986-09-25 Krupp Polysius Ag, 4720 Beckum METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR THE HEAT TREATMENT OF FINE GRAIN GOODS
DE3520058A1 (en) * 1985-06-04 1986-12-04 O & K Orenstein & Koppel Ag, 1000 Berlin METHOD FOR THE HEAT TREATMENT OF FINE GRAIN GOODS
US4715811A (en) * 1985-07-01 1987-12-29 Fuller Company Process and apparatus for manufacturing low sulfur cement clinker
DE3701967A1 (en) * 1987-01-23 1988-08-04 Krupp Polysius Ag DEVICE FOR THE HEAT TREATMENT OF FINE GRAIN
DE3703596A1 (en) * 1987-02-06 1988-08-18 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING CEMENT FROM GROUND CEMENT
DE3725512A1 (en) * 1987-07-29 1989-02-09 Kettenbauer Gmbh & Co Verfahre FLOATING GAS REACTOR
DE3736905A1 (en) * 1987-10-30 1989-05-11 Krupp Polysius Ag METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE HEAT TREATMENT OF FINE GRAIN GOODS
DE3829853C1 (en) * 1988-09-02 1989-11-30 O & K Orenstein & Koppel Ag, 1000 Berlin, De
DK163089A (en) * 1989-04-05 1990-10-06 Smidth & Co As F L REDUCTION OF NITROGEN OXIDE (NOX) EMISSION FROM OVEN PLANT
DE4002553A1 (en) * 1990-01-30 1991-08-01 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Cement clinker mfr. burns used tyres - in rotary kiln with excess oxygen for exhaust to be burned with further fuel
DE4123306C2 (en) * 1991-07-13 2000-05-25 Deutz Ag Plant for the thermal treatment of flour-like raw materials
JPH0577823U (en) * 1992-03-26 1993-10-22 日本航空電子工業株式会社 Illuminated panel switch
FR2691790B1 (en) * 1992-05-29 1997-09-19 Cle INSTALLATION AND METHOD FOR PRE-CALCINATION OF ANY MINERAL MATERIAL.
FR2736910B1 (en) * 1995-07-21 1997-10-10 Technip Cie PLANT AND METHOD FOR CALCINATING MINERAL MATERIALS WITH REDUCED EMISSION OF NITROGEN OXIDES
HN1998000031A (en) * 1997-06-11 1999-06-10 Basf Ag IMPROVED METHOD AND DEVICES TO RECOVER WASTE ENERGY THROUGH COMBUSTION FROM THE SAME INDUSTRIAL OVENS.
DE10064971A1 (en) * 2000-12-23 2002-06-27 Kloeckner Humboldt Wedag Plant for the thermal treatment of flour-like raw materials
CN102878811A (en) * 2012-09-28 2013-01-16 长兴国盛耐火材料有限公司 Special prefabricated part for tertiary air duct bifurcation positions

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3362549D1 (en) 1986-04-17
ES8405745A1 (en) 1984-06-16
US4514170A (en) 1985-04-30
EP0108888A1 (en) 1984-05-23
JPS59137350A (en) 1984-08-07
ZA837133B (en) 1984-05-30
DE3237689A1 (en) 1984-04-12
ES526398A0 (en) 1984-06-16

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