EP0108693A1 - High-power rotating joint for a double-waveband antenna - Google Patents

High-power rotating joint for a double-waveband antenna Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0108693A1
EP0108693A1 EP83402150A EP83402150A EP0108693A1 EP 0108693 A1 EP0108693 A1 EP 0108693A1 EP 83402150 A EP83402150 A EP 83402150A EP 83402150 A EP83402150 A EP 83402150A EP 0108693 A1 EP0108693 A1 EP 0108693A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
band
waves
rotary joint
joint according
guide
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Granted
Application number
EP83402150A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0108693B1 (en
Inventor
Jean Bouko
Claude Aubry
François Salvat
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Thales SA
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Thomson CSF SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/06—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints
    • H01P1/062—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints the relative movement being a rotation
    • H01P1/066—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints the relative movement being a rotation with an unlimited angle of rotation
    • H01P1/067—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints the relative movement being a rotation with an unlimited angle of rotation the energy being transmitted in only one line located on the axis of rotation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/40—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements
    • H01Q5/45—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements using two or more feeds in association with a common reflecting, diffracting or refracting device

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to power rotary joints intended to equip antennas operating simultaneously on two different frequency bands.
  • Rotating joints fitted to the radar antennas provide the link between the fixed and mobile parts of the aircraft.
  • the excitation mode of the waves must necessarily present a symmetry of revolution.
  • Rotating joints are generally made in rigid coaxial line or in circular guide.
  • the frequencies of the lowest band facilitate the designation of the objective and the frequencies of the highest band allow to increase the discriminating power, which makes it possible for example to work at low sites because thus the effect is eliminated target image.
  • the rotary joints used in double-band antennas according to the prior art are joints with concentric coaxial conductors. It is obvious that these joints do not allow working at frequencies belonging to the bands KA, X, W because the relation ⁇ ⁇ 2 1 r (a + b) linking the wavelength in air ⁇ and the diameters a and b coaxial conductors leads to mechanical incompatibilities.
  • the wavelengths are of the order of a millimeter, the joints must have too small dimensions and cannot be produced.
  • the present invention proposes a power rotary joint intended to equip double-band antennas, the highest working frequencies of which may belong to the ranges KA, X, W, the ratio between the highest frequencies and the lowest must at least be equal to four which is commonly the case, since it is generally of the order of seven or eight.
  • the present invention therefore relates to a rotary power joint for a dual-band antenna intended to make a connection between the fixed and mobile parts of the antenna to transmit waves.
  • electromagnetic belonging to two different frequency bands constituting a composite beam characterized in that it comprises a cylindrical microwave waveguide having a fixed part and a movable part, capable of transmitting the composite beam, this guide comprising a first and a second input in its fixed part to receive electromagnetic waves belonging respectively to a first and to a second frequency band, the waves of these two bands propagating in the guide and forming the composite beam; a first outlet in its mobile part for delivering only the waves of the first band; and a second outlet in its mobile part to deliver only the waves of the second band.
  • high band or low band and high frequencies or low frequencies are used, it is understood that these terms are used only to distinguish the two types of frequency bands, these frequencies being very high and possibly belonging to bands L, S, C, X, KA, W.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a power rotary joint according to the invention.
  • This joint is intended to transmit to an antenna, a composite beam consisting of two beams of electromagnetic waves of different frequencies from different sources.
  • the frequencies to be transmitted belong for example to the C-KA bands or X-KA, or XW bands.
  • the length L is defined in such a way that the propagation of the high frequencies takes place in the "Rayleigh"zone; L ⁇ being the highest wavelength of the high frequencies.
  • the cylindrical part in fact comprises a fixed part 2 and a mobile part 3.
  • the two parts are interconnected by a mechanism, known per se, which makes it possible to obtain a rotational movement around the axis XX 'of the guide, of one of the parties in relation to the other.
  • This guide 1 comprises, perpendicular to each of its ends, a rectangular guide section 4 and 5.
  • One of these sections 4 makes it possible to supply the guide with waves from a source S2 whose frequencies belong to the band bass selected.
  • the other section 5 allows these waves to be emitted in the direction given by the movable part 3 of the guide.
  • the two straight sections of the cylindrical guide 1 are terminated by a circular plate referenced respectively 6 and 7 of radius r.
  • These plates 6 and 7 are spatial frequency filters.
  • the filter 6 allows the guide to be supplied with waves from a source SI whose frequencies belong to the chosen high band.
  • the filter 7 allows only these waves to pass.
  • the waves of the low band are guided, they are reflected on the walls of the guide while the waves of the upper band propagate as in free space.
  • the waves are polarized and the source SI can emit a beam of electromagnetic waves with circular or radial polarization in accordance with modes TE01 and TM01. These two modes are the only ones not to be disturbed by the rotation of the movable part 3 of the joint.
  • the source S2 emits after transformation a beam of electromagnetic waves with radial polarization TM01. This mode is excited, in a manner known per se, by means of two irises placed at the transition between the rectangular guides 4 and 5 and the cylindrical guide 1. A description of this mode of excitation can be found in the review entitled Ragan's "Microwave Transmission Circuits" on page 387.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a particular embodiment of a focusing device making it possible to supply the cylindrical guide in the chosen high band (W for example).
  • the source S2 supplies the guide 1 in the low band by electromagnetic waves with rectangular polarization which are transformed into radial polarization inside the rectangular guide 4. These waves are reflected perpendicular to their direction by the filter 6 considered for these frequencies as A short-circuit.
  • the two types of waves forming a composite beam propagate independently without disturbing themselves inside the guide.
  • the dual-frequency composite beam decomposes.
  • the waves of the low band are reflected on the filter 7 and leave in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis XX 'in the guide 5.
  • the waves of the high band pass through the filter 7 and are again reflected by a second reflecting mirror 9.
  • This mirror 9 has the same axis XX 'as the mirror 8. It converges the waves at a point F located on an axis perpendicular to the axis XX'.
  • the radiation is intercepted at this point by a waveguide which can, for example, be an electromagnetic horn.
  • the mirrors 8 and 9 are ellipsoids of revolution situated on the same optical axis XX '.
  • the two ellipsoids are said to be "confocal", because one of the foci of one of the ellipsoids is located at the top of the other and vice versa, the other focal point being located in the phase center of the sources S1 and S2.
  • F2 is one of the focal points of the mirror 9, it is also the apex of the mirror 8.
  • the focal point F'2 is one of the focal points of the mirror 8, it is also the apex of the mirror 9. This arrangement has the advantage of having very low losses.
  • the device comprises two dielectric lenses 10, 11, convex plane and having the same optical axis XX '.
  • the emission source SI is placed at the focal point of the lens 10, on the axis XX '.
  • the reception source S is placed at the focal point F of the lens 11 on the axis XX '.
  • the waves of the high band are transmitted in the direction X'X.
  • Figure 5 is an enlarged view of part of the metal network used in the previous example.
  • Small square metal plates 10 a few tens of micrometers thick and generally made of copper are arranged according to FIG. 5 on each of the faces of the layer of central dielectric material 12.
  • These squares of side a, separated from one another by a distance d can be made, for example, by photoetching or milling a layer of metallized dielectric material on its two faces (the plates 10 are rectangular when the angle of incidence 8 is not normal to these plates).
  • the dimensions of the squares are chosen according to the frequencies to be filtered.
  • the particularity of this preferred embodiment is to be able to filter electromagnetic waves of a given band, whatever the polarization of these waves.
  • the rotary joint as it has been described makes it possible to transmit two beams of electromagnetic waves of frequencies belonging to two different bands, for example C-KA or KA-X or X-W.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Waveguide Connection Structure (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

1. Power rotary coupling for a two-band antenna for establishing a connection between the fixed and movable antenna parts for transmitting electromagnetic waves belonging to two bands with different frequencies (X, W) comprising a cylindrical super-high frequency waveguide (1) having a fixed part (2) and a movable part (3), characterized in that it is able to transmit a composite wave beam constituted by a first wave beam whose frequency belongs to the first band (X) and second wave beam whose frequency belongs to the second band (W) and is at least four times higher than the first frequency, the transmission being such that the waves of the first band (X) are guided and the waves of the second band (W) are propagated as in free space, that the cylindrical waveguide (1) comprises at the end of its fixed part a first input comprising a first spatial frequency filter (6), at the periphery of said end a second input being disposed provided with a first rectangular waveguide (4), that the spatial frequency filter has the ability to allow to pass the waves of the second frequency band (W) transmitted by a first source (S1) and to reflect the waves of the other band (X) which arrive at the input (4) and are transmitted by a second source (S2), that the cylindrical waveguide (1) comprises at the end of its movable part a first output having a second spatial frequency filter (7) and at the periphery of said end a second output is provided comprising a second rectangular waveguide (5) and that the spatial frequency filter is able to allow to pass the waves of the second band (W) and reflect the waves of the other band (X), the two wave beams being available at the output during the entire rotation of the coupling.

Description

La présente invention concerne les joints tournants de puissance destinés à équiper des antennes fonctionnant simultanément sur deux bandes de fréquences différentes.The present invention relates to power rotary joints intended to equip antennas operating simultaneously on two different frequency bands.

Les joints tournants équipant les antennes de radar assurent la liaison entre les parties fixes et mobiles de l'aérien. Le mode d'excitation des ondes doit nécessairement présenter une symétrie de révolution. Les joints tournants sont généralement réalisés en ligne coaxiale rigide ou en guide circulaire.The rotating joints fitted to the radar antennas provide the link between the fixed and mobile parts of the aircraft. The excitation mode of the waves must necessarily present a symmetry of revolution. Rotating joints are generally made in rigid coaxial line or in circular guide.

Dans certaines applications particulières, notamment dans les radars de poursuite, il est nécessaire de faire fonctionner l'antenne dans deux bandes de fréquences différentes. Les fréquences de la bande la plus basse facilitent la désignation de l'objectif et les fréquences de la bande la plus haute permettent d'augmenter le pouvoir discriminateur, ce qui permet par exemple de travailler à des sites bas car ainsi on élimine l'effet image de la cible. Les joints tournants utilisés dans les antennes double-bande selon l'art connu sont des joints à conducteurs coaxiaux concentriques. Il est évident que ces joints ne permettent pas de travailler à des fréquences appartenant aux bandes KA, X, W car la relation À <21r(a+b) liant la longueur d'onde dans l'air λ et les diamètres a et b des conducteurs coaxiaux conduit à des incompatibilités mécaniques.In certain particular applications, in particular in tracking radars, it is necessary to operate the antenna in two different frequency bands. The frequencies of the lowest band facilitate the designation of the objective and the frequencies of the highest band allow to increase the discriminating power, which makes it possible for example to work at low sites because thus the effect is eliminated target image. The rotary joints used in double-band antennas according to the prior art are joints with concentric coaxial conductors. It is obvious that these joints do not allow working at frequencies belonging to the bands KA, X, W because the relation À <2 1 r (a + b) linking the wavelength in air λ and the diameters a and b coaxial conductors leads to mechanical incompatibilities.

En effet, au delà de 18 ou 20 GHz, les longueurs d'ondes sont de l'ordre du millimètre, les joints doivent avoir des dimensions trop faibles et ne peuvent être réalisés.Indeed, beyond 18 or 20 GHz, the wavelengths are of the order of a millimeter, the joints must have too small dimensions and cannot be produced.

Pour remédier à cet inconvénient la présente invention propose un joint tournant de puissance destiné à équiper des antennes double-bande dont les plus hautes fréquences de travail peuvent appartenir aux gammes KA, X, W, le rapport entre les plus hautes fréquences et les plus basses devant au moins être égal à quatre ce qui est couramment le cas, car il est généralement de l'ordre de sept ou huit.To overcome this drawback, the present invention proposes a power rotary joint intended to equip double-band antennas, the highest working frequencies of which may belong to the ranges KA, X, W, the ratio between the highest frequencies and the lowest must at least be equal to four which is commonly the case, since it is generally of the order of seven or eight.

La présente invention a donc pour objet un joint tournant de puissance pour antenne double-bande destiné à effectuer une liaison entre les parties fixes et mobiles de l'antenne pour transmettre des ondes électromagnétiques appartenant à deux bandes de fréquences différentes constituant un faisceau composite, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un guide d'onde cylindrique hyperfréquence ayant une partie fixe et une partie mobile, aptes à transmettre le faisceau composite, ce guide comportant une première et une deuxième entrée dans sa partie fixe pour recevoir des ondes électromagnétiques appartenant respectivement à une première et à une deuxième bande de fréquence, les ondes de ces deux bandes se propageant dans le guide et formant le faisceau composite ; une première sortie dans sa partie mobile pour délivrer uniquement les ondes de la première bande ; et une deuxième sortie dans sa partie mobile pour délivrer uniquement les ondes de la deuxième bande.The present invention therefore relates to a rotary power joint for a dual-band antenna intended to make a connection between the fixed and mobile parts of the antenna to transmit waves. electromagnetic belonging to two different frequency bands constituting a composite beam, characterized in that it comprises a cylindrical microwave waveguide having a fixed part and a movable part, capable of transmitting the composite beam, this guide comprising a first and a second input in its fixed part to receive electromagnetic waves belonging respectively to a first and to a second frequency band, the waves of these two bands propagating in the guide and forming the composite beam; a first outlet in its mobile part for delivering only the waves of the first band; and a second outlet in its mobile part to deliver only the waves of the second band.

D'autres particularités et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront clairement à la lecture de la description suivante présentée à titre d'exemple non limitatif et faite en regard des figures du dessin annexé sur lequel

  • - la figure 1 est un schéma de réalisation d'un joint tournant conforme à l'invention ;
  • - la figure 2 est un schéma d'une réalisation particulière du joint et d'un dispositif de focalisation conformément à l'invention ;
  • - la figure 3 est un schéma d'une variante du dispositif de focalisation ;
  • - la figure 4 est un schéma de réalisation d'un filtre spatial selon la figure 1 ;
  • - la figure 5 est un schéma d'une vue agrandie d'une partie du réseau métallique selon la figure 4.
Other features and advantages of the invention will appear clearly on reading the following description presented by way of nonlimiting example and made with reference to the figures of the appended drawing in which
  • - Figure 1 is an embodiment of a rotary joint according to the invention;
  • - Figure 2 is a diagram of a particular embodiment of the seal and a focusing device according to the invention;
  • - Figure 3 is a diagram of a variant of the focusing device;
  • - Figure 4 is an embodiment of a spatial filter according to Figure 1;
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram of an enlarged view of part of the metal network according to FIG. 4.

Dans la description qui suit on utilise les termes de bande haute, ou bande basse et de fréquences hautes ou fréquences basses, il est bien entendu que ces termes sont utilisés uniquement pour distinguer les deux types de bandes de fréquences, ces fréquences étant très élevées et pouvant appartenir aux bandes L, S, C, X, KA, W.In the description which follows, the terms high band, or low band and high frequencies or low frequencies are used, it is understood that these terms are used only to distinguish the two types of frequency bands, these frequencies being very high and possibly belonging to bands L, S, C, X, KA, W.

Sur la figure 1, on a représenté un joint tournant de puissance conforme à l'invention. Ce joint est destiné à transmettre à une antenne, un faisceau composite constitué par deux faisceaux d'ondes électromagnétiques de fréquences différentes issues de sources différentes. Les fréquences à transmettre appartiennent par exemple aux bandes C-KA ou X-KA, ou aux bandes X-W.In Figure 1, there is shown a power rotary joint according to the invention. This joint is intended to transmit to an antenna, a composite beam consisting of two beams of electromagnetic waves of different frequencies from different sources. The frequencies to be transmitted belong for example to the C-KA bands or X-KA, or XW bands.

Ce joint est un circuit hyperfréquence du type guide d'onde cylindrique. Il comprend par conséquent une partie cylindrique 1 de rayon r et de longueur L, le rayon r étant déterminé en fonction de la fréquence de coupure du mode d'excitation du guide. A titre d'exemple dans la bande basse, si λc est la longueur d'onde de coupure du mode radial TM01, r =

Figure imgb0001
. La longueur L est définie de telle manière que la propagation des fréquences hautes se fasse en zone de "Rayleigh" ; L≤
Figure imgb0002
 étant la longueur d'onde la plus élevée des fréquences hautes.This joint is a microwave circuit of the cylindrical waveguide type. It therefore comprises a cylindrical part 1 of radius r and of length L, the radius r being determined as a function of the cut-off frequency of the excitation mode of the guide. As an example in the lower band, if λc is the cutoff wavelength of the radial mode TM01, r =
Figure imgb0001
 . The length L is defined in such a way that the propagation of the high frequencies takes place in the "Rayleigh"zone; L≤
Figure imgb0002
 being the highest wavelength of the high frequencies.

La partie cylindrique comporte en fait une partie fixe 2 et une partie mobile 3. Les deux parties sont reliées entre elles par un mécanisme, connu en soi, qui permet d'obtenir un mouvement de rotation autour de l'axe XX' du guide, de l'une des parties par rapport à l'autre.The cylindrical part in fact comprises a fixed part 2 and a mobile part 3. The two parts are interconnected by a mechanism, known per se, which makes it possible to obtain a rotational movement around the axis XX 'of the guide, of one of the parties in relation to the other.

Ce guide 1 comprend, perpendiculairement à chacune de ses extrémités, un tronçon de guide rectangulaire 4 et 5. L'un de ces tronçons 4 permet d'alimenter le guide avec des ondes issues d'une source S2 dont les fréquences appartiennent à la bande basse choisie. L'autre tronçon 5 permet d'émettre ces ondes dans la direction donnée par la partie mobile 3 du guide.This guide 1 comprises, perpendicular to each of its ends, a rectangular guide section 4 and 5. One of these sections 4 makes it possible to supply the guide with waves from a source S2 whose frequencies belong to the band bass selected. The other section 5 allows these waves to be emitted in the direction given by the movable part 3 of the guide.

Les deux sections droites du guide cylindrique 1 sont terminées par une plaque circulaire référencée respectivement 6 et 7 de rayon r. Ces plaques 6 et 7 sont des filtres spatiaux de fréquence. Le filtre 6 permet d'alimenter le guide avec des ondes issues d'une source SI dont les fréquences appartiennent à la bande haute choisie. Le filtre 7 permet de laisser passer uniquement ces ondes.The two straight sections of the cylindrical guide 1 are terminated by a circular plate referenced respectively 6 and 7 of radius r. These plates 6 and 7 are spatial frequency filters. The filter 6 allows the guide to be supplied with waves from a source SI whose frequencies belong to the chosen high band. The filter 7 allows only these waves to pass.

Les filtres 6 et 7 se comportent comme une paroi transparente pour les fréquences hautes choisies et comme une paroi réfléchissante pour les fréquences basses choisies.Filters 6 and 7 behave like a transparent wall for the chosen high frequencies and like a reflecting wall for the chosen low frequencies.

Le comportement des filtres spatiaux est à rapprocher de celui des miroirs dichroïques utilisés en optique dont la propriété est d'être transparents aux faisceaux de lumière d'une certaine longueur d'onde et d'être réfléchissants pour des faisceaux de lumière d'une autre longueur d'onde.The behavior of spatial filters is similar to that of dichroic mirrors used in optics, the property of which is to be transparent to light beams of a certain wavelength and to be reflective for light beams of another wave length.

A l'intérieur du guide 1, les ondes de la bande basse sont guidées, elles se réfléchissent sur les parois du guide alors que les ondes de la bande haute se propagent comme en espace libre. Les ondes sont polarisées et la source SI peut émettre un faisceau d'ondes électromagnétiques à polarisation circulaire ou radiale conformément aux modes TE01 et TM01. Ces deux modes sont les seuls à ne pas être perturbés par la rotation de la partie mobile 3 du joint. La source S2 émet après transformation un faisceau d'ondes électromagnétiques à polarisation radiale TM01. Ce mode est excité, de manière connue en soi, au moyen de deux iris placés au niveau de la transition entre les guides rectangulaires 4 et 5 et le guide cylindrique 1. On peut trouver une description de ce mode d'excitation dans la revue intitulée "Microwave Transmission Circuits" de Ragan à la page 387.Inside the guide 1, the waves of the low band are guided, they are reflected on the walls of the guide while the waves of the upper band propagate as in free space. The waves are polarized and the source SI can emit a beam of electromagnetic waves with circular or radial polarization in accordance with modes TE01 and TM01. These two modes are the only ones not to be disturbed by the rotation of the movable part 3 of the joint. The source S2 emits after transformation a beam of electromagnetic waves with radial polarization TM01. This mode is excited, in a manner known per se, by means of two irises placed at the transition between the rectangular guides 4 and 5 and the cylindrical guide 1. A description of this mode of excitation can be found in the review entitled Ragan's "Microwave Transmission Circuits" on page 387.

La figure 2 illustre une réalisation particulière d'un dispositif de focalisation permettant d'alimenter le guide cylindrique dans la bande haute choisie (W par exemple).FIG. 2 illustrates a particular embodiment of a focusing device making it possible to supply the cylindrical guide in the chosen high band (W for example).

Le faisceau d'ondes électromagnétiques à polarisation radiale (ou circulaire) émanant de la source SI est dirigé vers un miroir 8 réfléchissant d'axe optique XX'. Ce miroir 8 est positionné pour intercepter les ondes incidentes et réfléchit le rayonnement parallèlement à l'axe XX'. Le filtre 6, placé dans le plan d'incidence du miroir 8, est transparent pour ces ondes. Les ondes électromagnétiques de la bande haute traversent le filtre 6 et se propagent à l'intérieur de la partie cylindrique 1.The beam of electromagnetic waves with radial (or circular) polarization emanating from the source SI is directed towards a reflecting mirror 8 of optical axis XX ′. This mirror 8 is positioned to intercept the incident waves and reflects the radiation parallel to the axis XX '. The filter 6, placed in the plane of incidence of the mirror 8, is transparent for these waves. The electromagnetic waves of the upper band pass through the filter 6 and propagate inside the cylindrical part 1.

La source S2 alimente le guide 1 dans la bande basse par des ondes électromagnétiques à polarisation rectangulaire qui sont transformées en polarisation radiale à l'intérieur du guide rectangulaire 4. Ces ondes sont réfléchies perpendiculairement à leur direction par le filtre 6 considéré pour ces fréquences comme un court-circuit. Les deux types d'ondes formant un faisceau composite se propagent indépendamment sans se perturber à l'intérieur du guide.The source S2 supplies the guide 1 in the low band by electromagnetic waves with rectangular polarization which are transformed into radial polarization inside the rectangular guide 4. These waves are reflected perpendicular to their direction by the filter 6 considered for these frequencies as A short-circuit. The two types of waves forming a composite beam propagate independently without disturbing themselves inside the guide.

Arrivé à l'autre extrémité du joint le faisceau composite bifréquence se décompose. Les ondes de la bande basse se réfléchissent sur le filtre 7 et partent dans une direction perpendiculaire à l'axe optique XX' dans le guide 5. Les ondes de la bande haute traversent le filtre 7 et sont à nouveau réfléchies par un deuxième miroir réfléchissant 9. Ce miroir 9 a le même axe XX' que le miroir 8. Il fait converger les ondes en un point F situé sur un axe perpendiculaire à l'axe XX'. Le rayonnement est intercepté en ce point par un guide d'onde qui peut, par exemple, être un cornet électromagnétique.Arrived at the other end of the joint, the dual-frequency composite beam decomposes. The waves of the low band are reflected on the filter 7 and leave in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis XX 'in the guide 5. The waves of the high band pass through the filter 7 and are again reflected by a second reflecting mirror 9. This mirror 9 has the same axis XX 'as the mirror 8. It converges the waves at a point F located on an axis perpendicular to the axis XX'. The radiation is intercepted at this point by a waveguide which can, for example, be an electromagnetic horn.

Selon cette réalisation particulière les miroirs 8 et 9 sont des ellipsoïdes de révolution situés sur le même axe optique XX'. Les deux ellipsoïdes sont dits "confocaux", car l'un des foyers de l'un des ellipsoïdes est situé au sommet de l'autre et inversement, l'autre foyer étant situé au centre de phase des sources SI et S2. Ainsi F2 est l'un des foyers du miroir 9, c'est aussi le sommet du miroir 8. De même, le foyer F'2 est l'un des foyers du miroir 8, c'est aussi le sommet du miroir 9. Ce montage a pour avantage de présenter de très faibles pertes.According to this particular embodiment, the mirrors 8 and 9 are ellipsoids of revolution situated on the same optical axis XX '. The two ellipsoids are said to be "confocal", because one of the foci of one of the ellipsoids is located at the top of the other and vice versa, the other focal point being located in the phase center of the sources S1 and S2. Thus F2 is one of the focal points of the mirror 9, it is also the apex of the mirror 8. Likewise, the focal point F'2 is one of the focal points of the mirror 8, it is also the apex of the mirror 9. This arrangement has the advantage of having very low losses.

La figure 3 illustre une variante de réalisation du dispositif de focalisation conforme à l'invention.FIG. 3 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the focusing device according to the invention.

Selon cette variante, le dispositif comporte deux lentilles diélectriques 10, 11, plan convexe et ayant le même axe optique XX'. Dans cette réalisation la source d'émission SI est placée au foyer de la lentille 10, sur l'axe XX'. La source de réception S est placée au foyer F de la lentille 11 sur l'axe XX'. Les ondes de la bande haute sont transmises suivant la direction X'X.According to this variant, the device comprises two dielectric lenses 10, 11, convex plane and having the same optical axis XX '. In this embodiment, the emission source SI is placed at the focal point of the lens 10, on the axis XX '. The reception source S is placed at the focal point F of the lens 11 on the axis XX '. The waves of the high band are transmitted in the direction X'X.

La figure 4 illustre un exemple de réalisation selon un mode préféré de filtre spatial conforme à l'invention. Un disque central 12 en matériau diélectrique à faibles pertes porte sur ses deux faces, des réseaux identiques 13 et 14 constitués de disques métalliques admettant le plan d'incidence 15 comme plan de symétrie. Les réseaux métalliques 13 et 14 peuvent être obtenus par photogravure ou par usinage à la fraise à partir d'une lame diélectrique 12 métallisée sur ses deux faces. Ce disque central 12 est placé entre deux autres disques 16 et 17, les trois disques étant faits du même matériau diélectrique ou de matériaux ayant les mêmes caractéristiques. Les couches 12, 16 et 17 de matériau diélectrique et d'épaisseurs respectives El, E2 et E3 sont, dans cet exemple, en polyphénylène.FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary embodiment according to a preferred mode of spatial filter according to the invention. A central disc 12 made of dielectric material with low losses carries on its two faces, identical networks 13 and 14 made up of metal discs admitting the plane of incidence 15 as the plane of symmetry. The metal networks 13 and 14 can be obtained by photoengraving or by milling with a milling cutter from a dielectric strip 12 metallized on its two faces. This central disc 12 is placed between two other discs 16 and 17, the three discs being made of the same dielectric material or of materials having the same characteristics. The layers 12, 16 and 17 of dielectric material and of respective thicknesses E1, E2 and E3 are, in this example, made of polyphenylene.

La figure 5 est une vue agrandie d'une partie du réseau métallique utilisé dans l'exemple précédent. Des petites plaques carrées métalliques 10 de quelques dizaines de micromètres d'épaisseur et généralement en cuivre sont disposées selon la figure 5 sur chacune des faces de la couche de matériau diélectrique centrale 12. Ces carrés de côté a, séparés les uns des autres d'une distance d peuvent être réalisés, à titre d'exemple, par photogravure ou fraisage d'une couche de matériau diélectrique métallisée sur ses deux faces (les plaques 10 sont rectangulaires lorsque l'angle d'incidence 8 n'est pas normal à ces plaques).Figure 5 is an enlarged view of part of the metal network used in the previous example. Small square metal plates 10 a few tens of micrometers thick and generally made of copper are arranged according to FIG. 5 on each of the faces of the layer of central dielectric material 12. These squares of side a, separated from one another by a distance d can be made, for example, by photoetching or milling a layer of metallized dielectric material on its two faces (the plates 10 are rectangular when the angle of incidence 8 is not normal to these plates).

Les dimensions des carrés sont choisies en fonction des fréquences à filtrer. La particularité de ce mode de réalisation préféré, est de pouvoir filtrer des ondes électromagnétiques d'une bande donnée, quelle que soit la polarisation de ces ondes.The dimensions of the squares are chosen according to the frequencies to be filtered. The particularity of this preferred embodiment is to be able to filter electromagnetic waves of a given band, whatever the polarization of these waves.

En conclusion, le joint tournant tel qu'il a été décrit permet de transmettre deux faisceaux d'ondes électromagnétiques de fréquences appartenant à deux bandes différentes, par exemple C-KA ou KA-X ou X-W.In conclusion, the rotary joint as it has been described makes it possible to transmit two beams of electromagnetic waves of frequencies belonging to two different bands, for example C-KA or KA-X or X-W.

Il n'y a pas de problème de dimensionnement dû aux très hautes fréquences (supérieures à 35 GHz) comme dans les joints tournants réalisés à l'aide de conducteurs coaxiaux de l'art connu car on utilise un circuit hyperfréquence parfaitement adapté à ces fréquences. Ce circuit comporte, en effet, un guide cylindrique 1, ce qui permet notamment d'exciter les ondes de la gamme de fréquence la plus haute (X ou W selon le cas) en mode radial (TM01) ou circulaire (TE01), ces deux modes de polarisation étant les seuls à ne pas être perturbés par la rotation de la partie mobile 3 du joint. La formation du faisceau composite guidé par la cavité 1 et la séparation des ondes bifréquence sont réalisées au moyen des deux filtres spatiaux 6 et 7.There is no sizing problem due to very high frequencies (above 35 GHz) as in rotary joints produced using coaxial conductors of the prior art because a microwave circuit is perfectly adapted to these frequencies . This circuit comprises, in fact, a cylindrical guide 1, which in particular makes it possible to excite the waves of the highest frequency range (X or W as the case may be) in radial (TM01) or circular (TE01) mode, these two polarization modes being the only ones not to be disturbed by the rotation of the mobile part 3 of the joint. The formation of the composite beam guided by the cavity 1 and the separation of the dual-frequency waves are carried out by means of the two spatial filters 6 and 7.

Claims (10)

1. Joint tournant de puissance pour antenne double-bande, destiné à effectuer une liaison entre les parties fixes et mobiles de l'antenne pour transmettre des ondes électromagnétiques appartenant à deux bandes de fréquences différentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un guide d'onde cylindrique hyperfréquence (1) ayant une partie fixe (2) et une partie mobile (3), aptes à transmettre un faisceau composite constitué pour un faisceau d'onde dont la fréquence appartient à une première bande, et par un faisceau d'onde dont la fréquence appartient à une deuxième bande et est au moins quatre fois supérieure à la première, ce guide comportant une première et une deuxième entrée (6, 4) dans sa partie fixe (2) pour recevoir des ondes électromagnétiques appartenant respectivement à la première et à la deuxième bande de fréquence, les ondes de ces deux bandes se propageant ainsi dans le guide sans se perturber ; une première sortie (7) dans sa partie mobile (3) pour délivrer uniquement les ondes de la première bande ; et une deuxième sortie (5) dans sa partie mobile (3) pour délivrer uniquement les ondes de la deuxième bande, les deux faisceaux étant disponibles en sortie pendant toute la rotation du joint.1. Power rotary joint for double-band antenna, intended to make a connection between the fixed and mobile parts of the antenna to transmit electromagnetic waves belonging to two different frequency bands, characterized in that it comprises a guide cylindrical microwave wave (1) having a fixed part (2) and a mobile part (3), capable of transmitting a composite beam made up for a wave beam whose frequency belongs to a first band, and by a beam of wave whose frequency belongs to a second band and is at least four times higher than the first, this guide comprising a first and a second input (6, 4) in its fixed part (2) for receiving electromagnetic waves belonging respectively to the first and second frequency band, the waves of these two bands thus propagating in the guide without disturbing; a first outlet (7) in its movable part (3) for delivering only the waves of the first band; and a second outlet (5) in its movable part (3) for delivering only the waves of the second strip, the two beams being available at the outlet throughout the rotation of the joint. 2 Joint tournant de puissance selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que chacune de ses extrémités est fermée par un filtre spatial de fréquence (6, 7), l'un constituant la première entrée (6), l'autre constituant la première sortie (7).2 rotary power joint according to claim 1, characterized in that each of its ends is closed by a spatial frequency filter (6, 7), one constituting the first input (6), the other constituting the first output (7). 3. Joint tournant de puissance selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend deux guides d'ondes rectangulaires (4, 5) chacun étant relié à l'une des extrémités du guide cylindrique (1), perpendiculairement à l'axe (XX') de ce guide, l'un de ces guides constituant la deuxième entrée (4), l'autre constituant la deuxième sortie (3). 3. Power rotary joint according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises two rectangular waveguides (4, 5) each being connected to one of the ends of the cylindrical guide (1), perpendicular to the axis (XX ') of this guide, one of these guides constituting the second inlet (4), the other constituting the second outlet (3) . 4. Joint tournant de puissance selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les filtres spatiaux de fréquence comprennent au moins deux couches (16, 17) de matériau diélectrique superposées et des réseaux métalliques (13, 14) interposés entre les couches successives de matériau diélectrique.4. Power rotary joint according to claim 2, characterized in that the spatial frequency filters comprise at least two layers (16, 17) of superimposed dielectric material and metallic networks (13, 14) interposed between the successive layers of material dielectric. 5. Joint tournant de puissance selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les réseaux métalliques (13, 14) ont la configuration d'un ensemble de carrés conducteurs isolés entre eux, les dimensions de ces carrés étant fonction des fréquences à filtrer.5. Power rotary joint according to claim 4, characterized in that the metal networks (13, 14) have the configuration of a set of square conductors isolated from each other, the dimensions of these squares being a function of the frequencies to be filtered. 6. Joint tournant de puissance selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la première entrée (6) est alimentée par une source (SI) au moyen d'un dispositif de focalisation (8, 10) permettant de réfléchir les ondes dans la direction de l'axe (XX') du guide (1).6. Power rotary joint according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the first input (6) is supplied by a source (SI) by means of a focusing device (8, 10) making it possible to reflect the waves in the direction of the axis (XX ') of the guide (1). 7. Joint tournant de puissance selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la première sortie (7) alimente la partie mobile de l'antenne à l'aide d'une source (S) par l'intermédiaire d'un dispositif de focalisation (9, 11) permettant de réfléchir les ondes dans la direction de la source (S).7. Power rotary joint according to claim 4, characterized in that the first outlet (7) feeds the mobile part of the antenna using a source (S) via a focusing device (9, 11) for reflecting the waves in the direction of the source (S). 8. Joint tournant de puissance selon les revendications 6 et 7, caractérisé en ce que les dispositifs de focalisation (8, 9), (10, 11) ont le même axe optique (XX').8. Power rotary joint according to claims 6 and 7, characterized in that the focusing devices (8, 9), (10, 11) have the same optical axis (XX '). 9. Joint tournant de puissance selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé en ce que les dispositifs de focalisation sont constitués par deux miroirs ayant la configuration d'un ellipsoïde de révolution (8, 9) dont un des foyers (F2, F2') de l'un est confondu avec le sommet de l'autre et inversement, les deux autres foyers étant confondus avec les sources (SI, S2).9. Power rotary joint according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the focusing devices consist of two mirrors having the configuration of an ellipsoid of revolution (8, 9) including one of the foci (F2 , F2 ') of one is confused with the vertex of the other and vice versa, the other two foci being confused with the sources (SI, S2). 10. Joint tournant de puissance selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé en ce que les dispositifs de focalisation sont constitués par des lentilles plan convexe (10, 11).10. Power rotary joint according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the focusing devices are constituted by convex plane lenses (10, 11).
EP83402150A 1982-11-09 1983-11-04 High-power rotating joint for a double-waveband antenna Expired EP0108693B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8218803A FR2535904B1 (en) 1982-11-09 1982-11-09 POWER ROTATING JOINT FOR DOUBLE BAND ANTENNA
FR8218803 1982-11-09

Publications (2)

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EP0108693A1 true EP0108693A1 (en) 1984-05-16
EP0108693B1 EP0108693B1 (en) 1988-01-27

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EP83402150A Expired EP0108693B1 (en) 1982-11-09 1983-11-04 High-power rotating joint for a double-waveband antenna

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EP (1) EP0108693B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3375543D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2535904B1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103326089A (en) * 2013-07-02 2013-09-25 北京维创时通科技有限公司 Ultra small waveguide rotary joint

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2523348A (en) * 1948-01-29 1950-09-26 Albert S White Radio frequency rotating joint for multiple feeds
US2835871A (en) * 1953-08-07 1958-05-20 Herbert P Raabe Two-channel rotary wave guide joint
FR2281660A1 (en) * 1974-08-09 1976-03-05 Thomson Csf DEVICE EQUIPPED WITH A FILTER GRID
FR2429505A1 (en) * 1978-06-20 1980-01-18 Thomson Csf PERISCOPIC FEEDING SYSTEM FOR TWO-RANGE ANTENNA

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2523348A (en) * 1948-01-29 1950-09-26 Albert S White Radio frequency rotating joint for multiple feeds
US2835871A (en) * 1953-08-07 1958-05-20 Herbert P Raabe Two-channel rotary wave guide joint
FR2281660A1 (en) * 1974-08-09 1976-03-05 Thomson Csf DEVICE EQUIPPED WITH A FILTER GRID
FR2429505A1 (en) * 1978-06-20 1980-01-18 Thomson Csf PERISCOPIC FEEDING SYSTEM FOR TWO-RANGE ANTENNA

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
AP-S INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM 1977, Session 19, 22 juin 1977, San Francisco, IEEE, New York (US) *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103326089A (en) * 2013-07-02 2013-09-25 北京维创时通科技有限公司 Ultra small waveguide rotary joint

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3375543D1 (en) 1988-03-03
FR2535904B1 (en) 1985-08-02
FR2535904A1 (en) 1984-05-11
EP0108693B1 (en) 1988-01-27

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