EP0106232B1 - Heater plug for internal-combustion engines with external ignition - Google Patents

Heater plug for internal-combustion engines with external ignition Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0106232B1
EP0106232B1 EP83109726A EP83109726A EP0106232B1 EP 0106232 B1 EP0106232 B1 EP 0106232B1 EP 83109726 A EP83109726 A EP 83109726A EP 83109726 A EP83109726 A EP 83109726A EP 0106232 B1 EP0106232 B1 EP 0106232B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ceramic carrier
connection
glow plug
combustion chamber
metal core
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83109726A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0106232A1 (en
Inventor
Friedrich Josef Dr. Esper
Thomas Dr. Dipl.-Ing. Frey
Wilhelm Dr. Dipl.-Ing. Polach
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0106232A1 publication Critical patent/EP0106232A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0106232B1 publication Critical patent/EP0106232B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a glow plug for internal combustion engines according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • a glow plug with a heating element is already known (DE-A-3 146 653), in which a conductor-type heating element is arranged on an electrically insulating ceramic tube provided with a bottom on the combustion chamber side;
  • This glow plug is particularly suitable for internal combustion engines without spark ignition, but is also intended for multi-fuel engines with spark ignition.
  • these glow plugs When using such glow plugs for the ignition of fuel vapor-air mixtures in the cylinder head of internal combustion engines with spark ignition (gasoline engine), these glow plugs also work flawlessly in the lower and in the medium load range, but glow ignitions may occur with these glow plugs in the upper load range.
  • An ignition device for glow-head engines (AT-B 69 738) is also known, in which a non-metallic, heat-poorly conductive ignition body is provided, which is provided with a base in the form of a tube and on the combustion chamber side and has a metal core as a carrier in its interior.
  • the ignition body serves as a heat store, but can be of any suitable shape (e.g. also rod-shaped), but it does not carry an electrical heating element, as is known today in glow plugs.
  • the ignition body must always be hot because ignition due to self-ignition of the injected fuel due to the low compression ratio (generally up to 10: 1), the poorly controllable ignition timing and the insufficient mixing of the air with the fuel evaporating at the ignition point does not occur; therefore, the ignition body must already be hot when starting.
  • the glow plug according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that it can also be used reliably for the ignition of fuel vapor-air mixtures in internal combustion engines with spark ignition (gasoline engine), d. that is, it not only works properly in the lower and middle load range, but also prevents the occurrence of glow ignitions due to the inventive features in the upper load range.
  • FIG. 1 shows a partially sectioned side view of an enlarged glow plug according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows the further enlarged, combustion chamber-side end section of the glow plug heater shown in FIG. 1, the heat sink of which remains in a solid state at all operating temperatures and one at low and medium operating temperatures Is a gap to the ceramic core forming metal core
  • Figure 3 is a representation of the combustion chamber end portion of a glow plug heater similar to that of Figures 1 and 2, but in addition, an optoelectronic combustion chamber sensor is installed in the metal core.
  • the glow plug 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 essentially consists of three parts: a heating element 11, a bolt-shaped connection means 12 and a tubular metal housing 13.
  • the metal housing 13 has for the installation of the glow plug 10 in an internal combustion engine, not shown, on its outside a screw thread 14, a hexagon key 15 and a sealing seat 16.
  • a sealing shoulder 18 In the longitudinal bore 17 of this tubular metal housing 13 there is a sealing shoulder 18 on which a sealing ring 19 rests and which is arranged facing away from the end section of the glow plug 10 on the combustion chamber side.
  • the radiator 11 of this glow plug 10 is firmly and sealingly covered over part of its length by the metal housing 13.
  • the heating element 11 has a ceramic carrier 20, which consists of electrically insulating ceramic material or glass ceramic, but is preferably made of aluminum oxide.
  • the ceramic carrier 20 has a connection-side-pointing head 21, merges into a collar 23 via a connection-side-pointing sealing shoulder 22, continues on the combustion chamber side as a collar shoulder 24 with a small diameter, and merges into the foot 26 of the ceramic carrier 20 via a combustion-chamber-side sealing shoulder 25.
  • the ceramic support 20 rests with its sealing shoulder 25 on the combustion chamber side on the sealing ring 19 in the housing longitudinal bore 17, carries a sealing ring 27 on its sealing side 22 on the connection side and is supported by a connection-side end portion of the metal housing 13 located, on the sealing ring 27 pressing flange 28 fixed.
  • the metal housing 13 has what is known as a heat-shrinkable region 29, which is known per se (US Pat. No. 2,111,916) and ensures that the radiator 11 is installed in a sealed manner in the metal housing 13.
  • the ceramic carrier 20 can also be fixed in a sealing manner in the metal housing 13 by cementing or the like.
  • the ceramic carrier 20 has a longitudinal bore 30 which is open on the connection side and closed on the combustion chamber side with a base 31; the area on the connection side of the ceramic carrier longitudinal bore 30, referred to as the head bore 32, merges via a frustoconical bore transition 33 into the foot bore 34, which has a smaller diameter.
  • the bottom 31 of the ceramic carrier 20 protrudes somewhat from the longitudinal bore 17 of the metal housing 13; the ceramic support head 21, on the other hand, protrudes somewhat further from the connection-side end of the metal housing 13 in the illustrated embodiment of the glow plug 10.
  • the end section of the ceramic support foot 26 on the combustion chamber side is protected by a protective sleeve 35, which consists of heat-resistant material, on the combustion chamber end of the metal housing 13 is fastened by welding or the like, keeps a distance from the bottom 31 of the ceramic carrier 20 and is provided with openings 36 which serve the entry or exit of unburned or burned fuel-air mixtures to the radiator 11.
  • the heating element 37 of this radiator 11 is, as already known from the German utility model (DE-U-8 103 317), applied in layers to the outside of the ceramic support base 26, preferably in the area of the dome-shaped ceramic support base 31, preferably consists of a platinum Rhodium alloy with a ceramic component (e.g. aluminum oxide), but can also be made from another suitable, electrically conductive material.
  • This heating element 37 is preferably applied to the ceramic carrier 20 by means of known thick-film technology and can be of a configuration adapted to the particular application (for example meandering or as a constriction).
  • This heating element 37 is connected to connecting conductor tracks 38 and 39, which are likewise applied to the ceramic carrier 20 using thick-film technology and preferably consist of a mixture of platinum and aluminum oxide; Instead of using platinum for these connecting conductor tracks 38 and 39 as well as for the heating element 37, suitable base metals such as, for. B. Tungsten and applied to the ceramic substrate 20 in thick-film technology.
  • the first connecting conductor 38 is guided up to the sealing shoulder 25 of the ceramic carrier 20 and is in electrical connection here via the sealing ring 19 with the metal housing 13 which is electrically connected to ground.
  • the second connecting conductor track 39 extends all the way to the connection-side end of the ceramic carrier 20 and then further into the ceramic carrier longitudinal bore 30, namely up to the frustoconical bore transition 33.
  • the heating element 37 and the connecting conductor tracks 38, 39 are covered with a protective layer 40 exclusively at their end sections (see FIG. 2); the second connecting conductor 39 is covered with this protective layer 40 at least up to the connection-side end of the ceramic carrier head 21.
  • This protective layer 40 is a dense, electrically insulating, ceramic material such as. B. alumina and magnesium spinel.
  • connection means 12 is designed as a bolt and preferably has a knurling or a thread as anchoring means 42 on its combustion chamber-side end section. While the anchoring means 42 is fixed in the glass melt flow, the connection bolt 12 has a connection thread 43 at its connection-side end section, via which it connects with additional connection means, not shown, is connected to a current source, also not shown, in an electrically conductive manner.
  • connecting bolt 12 For axially fixing the connecting bolt 12 in the ceramic carrier longitudinal bore 30, it is provided with a collar 44 which rests on the end face 45 of the ceramic carrier 20.
  • the power supply from the power source, not shown, to the heating element 37 thus takes place via the connecting bolt 12, the electrically conductive glass melt flow 41 and the second connecting conductor 39.
  • landing sites can also serve as connection means, which would have to be arranged isolated from one another on the ceramic carrier head 21; the landing sites are known to be applied to the ceramic carrier head 21 using thick-film technology and can consist, for example, of platinum.
  • the first connection conductor 38 can also be guided correspondingly to the ceramic support head 21.
  • the connection bolt 12 can be omitted.
  • Such a metal core 46 consists of a material which has a solid state in all operating states of the internal combustion engine and which closes or opens the gap 47 due to its expansion or shrinkage behavior due to the effect of temperature. Suitable materials for such a metal core 46 are preferably aluminum bronze and chromium-nickel steel, which also have an increasing thermal conductivity with increasing temperature, but other materials such as e.g. B. copper and silver.
  • the connection-side end face 48 of this metal core 46 lies approximately at the connection-side end of the ceramic carrier foot bore 34, but can also lie further on the connection side, for. B. extend into the bore transition 33 or even up to the combustion chamber-side section of the ceramic support head bore 32.
  • the connection-side end face 48 of the metal core 46 simultaneously forms the boundary on the combustion chamber side for the electrically conductive glass melt flow 41.
  • the metal core 46 has a diameter of 2.8 mm and a length of 12 mm; Depending on the application, these dimensions can vary, in particular with regard to the length of the metal core 46, which can be approximately in the range between 3 and 15 mm.
  • the ceramic carrier 20 has a wall thickness of 0.5 mm in the region of its base 31, but increases in the direction of the collar shoulder 24 to approximately 3 mm. Electrically conductive glass melt flows 41 are known per se and are described, for example, in US Pat. No. 3,909,459.
  • a gap 47 is present between the heat sink 46 and the foot bore 34 of the ceramic carrier 20, which gap closes with increasing operating temperatures in accordance with the expansion behavior of the metal core 46 and closes above approximately 850/950 ° C. with a considerable part of its surface creates the wall of the foot hole 34; the more the gap 47 narrows or the more parts of its surface are applied to the wall of the foot bore 34, the more heat is dissipated from the end section of the heating element 11 on the combustion chamber side to the area of the glow plug 10 on the connection side.
  • the design of the gap 47 is also of major importance for the adaptation to the respective internal combustion engine; it can therefore also be advantageous if the gap 47 in the area of the ceramic support base 31 is larger than laterally next to the metal core 46.
  • the gap 47 widens again and dissipates less heat from the ceramic carrier base 31. As a result of the mode of operation described above, the occurrence of glow ignitions in internal combustion engines with spark ignition is avoided.
  • a heater 11/4 is shown in FIG. which can be installed in a glow plug according to FIG. 1 and is additionally provided with a combustion chamber sensor 55/4.
  • a combustion chamber sensor 55/4 In the present example in a longitudinal bore 56/4 of the heat sink 46/4 a z. B. built of quartz glass existing optoelectronic sensor element; this optoelectronic sensor element leads on the connection side through the glass melt flow 41/4 and a central bore 57/4 of the bolt-like connecting means 12/4 to an optoelectric converter (DE-A-29 05 506), not shown, and is on the combustion chamber side with a lens-like, near the bottom 31/4 of the ceramic carrier 20/4 molded thickening 58/4.

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Glühkerze für Brennkraftmaschinen nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs. Es ist schon eine Glühkerze mit einem Heizkörper bekannt (DE-A-3 146 653), bei der auf einem elektrisch isolierenden, brennraumseits mit einem Boden versehenem Keramikrohr ein leiterbahnartiges Heizelement angeordnet ist ; diese Glühkerze ist insbesondere für Brennkraftmaschinen ohne Fremdzündung geeignet, ist aber auch für Vielstoffmotoren mit Fremdzündung vorgesehen. Bei der Verwendung derartiger Glühkerzen zur Zündung von Kraftstoffdampf-Luft-Gemischen im Zylinderkopf von Brennkraftmaschinen mit Fremdzündung (Ottomotor) arbeiten diese Glühkerzen im unteren und im mittleren Lastbereich ebenfalls einwandfrei, im oberen Lastbereich treten mit diesen Glühkerzen jedoch unter Umständen Glühzündungen auf.The invention relates to a glow plug for internal combustion engines according to the preamble of the main claim. A glow plug with a heating element is already known (DE-A-3 146 653), in which a conductor-type heating element is arranged on an electrically insulating ceramic tube provided with a bottom on the combustion chamber side; This glow plug is particularly suitable for internal combustion engines without spark ignition, but is also intended for multi-fuel engines with spark ignition. When using such glow plugs for the ignition of fuel vapor-air mixtures in the cylinder head of internal combustion engines with spark ignition (gasoline engine), these glow plugs also work flawlessly in the lower and in the medium load range, but glow ignitions may occur with these glow plugs in the upper load range.

Bekannt ist auch schon eine Zündvorrichtung für Glühkopfmotoren (AT-B 69 738), bei der ein nichtmetallischer, Wärme schlecht leitender Zündkörper vorgesehen ist, welcher rohrförmig und brennraumseits mit einem Boden versehen ist und in seinem Innenraum einen Metallkern als Träger aufweist. Der Zündkörper dient dabei als Wärmespeicher, kann aber von beliebiger geeigneter Form sein (z. B. auch stabförmig), er trägt jedoch kein elektrisches Heizelement wie heute allgemein bekannte Glühkerzen. Während des Betriebs von Glühkopfmotoren muß der Zündkörper stets heiß sein, weil ein Zünden infolge Selbstzündung des eingespritzten Kraftstoffes aufgrund des niedrigen Verdichtungsverhältnisses (im allgemeinen bis 10:1), des schlecht beherrschbaren Zündzeitpunktes und der ungenügenden Vermischung der Luft mit dem an der Zündstelle verdampfenden Kraftstoff nicht auftritt ; auch beim Anlaßvorgang muß deshalb der Zündkörper schon heiß sein.An ignition device for glow-head engines (AT-B 69 738) is also known, in which a non-metallic, heat-poorly conductive ignition body is provided, which is provided with a base in the form of a tube and on the combustion chamber side and has a metal core as a carrier in its interior. The ignition body serves as a heat store, but can be of any suitable shape (e.g. also rod-shaped), but it does not carry an electrical heating element, as is known today in glow plugs. During the operation of glow-head engines, the ignition body must always be hot because ignition due to self-ignition of the injected fuel due to the low compression ratio (generally up to 10: 1), the poorly controllable ignition timing and the insufficient mixing of the air with the fuel evaporating at the ignition point does not occur; therefore, the ignition body must already be hot when starting.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Die erfindungsgemäße Glühkerze mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, daß sie auch zuverlässig für das Zünden von Kraftstoffdampf-Luft-Gemischen in Brennkraftmaschinen mit Fremdzündung (Ottomotor) Anwendung finden kann, d. h., daß sie nicht nur im unteren und im mittleren Lastbereich einwandfrei arbeitet, sondern auch infolge der erfinderischen Merkmale im oberen Lastbereich das Entstehen von Glühzündungen verhindert.The glow plug according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that it can also be used reliably for the ignition of fuel vapor-air mixtures in internal combustion engines with spark ignition (gasoline engine), d. that is, it not only works properly in the lower and middle load range, but also prevents the occurrence of glow ignitions due to the inventive features in the upper load range.

Als weiterer Vorteil ist anzusehen, daß eine solche Glühkerze keine Hochspannungsversorgung benötigt, welche sonst bei Brennkraftmaschinen mit Fremdzündung erforderlich ist, sondern mit einer erheblich billigeren und einfacheren Niederspannungsversorgung auskommt.Another advantage is that such a glow plug does not require a high-voltage supply, which is otherwise required in internal combustion engines with spark ignition, but requires a much cheaper and simpler low-voltage supply.

Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen der im Hauptanspruch angegebenen Glühkerze möglich.The measures listed in the subclaims enable advantageous developments and improvements of the glow plug specified in the main claim.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen Figur 1 eine teilgeschnittene Seitenansicht einer vergrößert dargestellten Glühkerze nach der Erfindung, Figur 2 den weiter vergrößert dargestellten, brennraumseitigen Endabschnitt des in Figur 1 gezeigten Glühkerzen-Heizkörpers, dessen Wärmesenke ein bei allen Betriebstemperaturen in festem Zustand bleibender, bei niedrigen und mittleren Betriebstemperaturen einen Spalt zum Keramikträger bildender Metallkern ist, und Figur 3 eine Darstellung des brennraumseitigen Endabschnitts eines Glühkerzen-Heizkörpers ähnlich dem nach den Figuren 1 und 2, wobei jedoch in den Metallkern zusätzlich ein optoelektronischer Brennraum-Sensor eingebaut ist.Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description. 1 shows a partially sectioned side view of an enlarged glow plug according to the invention, FIG. 2 shows the further enlarged, combustion chamber-side end section of the glow plug heater shown in FIG. 1, the heat sink of which remains in a solid state at all operating temperatures and one at low and medium operating temperatures Is a gap to the ceramic core forming metal core, and Figure 3 is a representation of the combustion chamber end portion of a glow plug heater similar to that of Figures 1 and 2, but in addition, an optoelectronic combustion chamber sensor is installed in the metal core.

Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments

Die in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellte Glühkerze 10 besteht im wesentlichen aus drei Teilen : Einem Heizkörper 11, einem bolzenförmigen Anschlußmittel 12 und einem rohrförmigen Metallgehäuse 13.The glow plug 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 essentially consists of three parts: a heating element 11, a bolt-shaped connection means 12 and a tubular metal housing 13.

Das Metallgehäuse 13 hat für den Einbau der Glühkerze 10 in eine nicht dargestellte Brennkraftmaschine an seiner Außenseite ein Einschraubgewinde 14, ein Schlüsselsechskant 15 und einen Dichtsitz 16. In der Längsbohrung 17 dieses rohrförmigen Metallgehäuses 13 befindet sich ein Dichtabsatz 18, auf welchem ein Dichtring 19 aufliegt und der dem brennraumseitigen Endabschnitt der Glühkerze 10 abgewendet angeordnet ist.The metal housing 13 has for the installation of the glow plug 10 in an internal combustion engine, not shown, on its outside a screw thread 14, a hexagon key 15 and a sealing seat 16. In the longitudinal bore 17 of this tubular metal housing 13 there is a sealing shoulder 18 on which a sealing ring 19 rests and which is arranged facing away from the end section of the glow plug 10 on the combustion chamber side.

Der Heizkörper 11 dieser Glühkerze 10 wird auf einem Teil seiner Länge von dem Metallgehäuse 13 fest und abdichtend umfaßt. Der Heizkörper 11 besitzt einen Keramikträger 20, welcher aus elektrisch isolierendem Keramikmaterial oder Glaskeramik besteht, vorzugsweise jedoch aus Aluminiumoxid hergestellt ist. Der Keramikträger 20 hat einen anschlußseits weisenden Kopf 21, geht über eine anschlußseits weisende Dichtschulter 22 in einen Bund 23 über, setzt sich brennraumseits als einen kleinen Durchmesser habender Bundansatz 24 fort und geht über eine brennraumseitsweisende Dichtschulter 25 in den Fuß 26 des Keramikträgers 20 über. Der Keramikträger 20 liegt mit seiner brennraumseits weisenden Dichtschulter 25 auf dem Dichtring 19 in der Gehäuse-Längsbohrung 17 auf, trägt auf seiner anschlußseits weisenden Dichtschulter 22 einen Dichtring 27 und wird durch einen am anschlußseitigen Endabschnitt des Metallgehäuses 13 befindlichen, auf den Dichtring 27 drückenden Bördelrand 28 fixiert. Wie aus der Figur 1 ersichtlich ist, besitzt das Metallgehäuse 13 einen sogenannten Warmschrumpfbereich 29, welcher an sich bekannt ist (US-A 2111 916) und für einen abdichtenden Einbau des Heizkörpers 11 im Metallgehäuse 13 sorgt. Anstelle der Anwendung dieses Bördel- und Warmschrumpfprozesses kann der Keramikträger 20 aber auch durch Einkitten oder ähnliches im Metallgehäuse 13 abdichtend festgelegt werden.The radiator 11 of this glow plug 10 is firmly and sealingly covered over part of its length by the metal housing 13. The heating element 11 has a ceramic carrier 20, which consists of electrically insulating ceramic material or glass ceramic, but is preferably made of aluminum oxide. The ceramic carrier 20 has a connection-side-pointing head 21, merges into a collar 23 via a connection-side-pointing sealing shoulder 22, continues on the combustion chamber side as a collar shoulder 24 with a small diameter, and merges into the foot 26 of the ceramic carrier 20 via a combustion-chamber-side sealing shoulder 25. The ceramic support 20 rests with its sealing shoulder 25 on the combustion chamber side on the sealing ring 19 in the housing longitudinal bore 17, carries a sealing ring 27 on its sealing side 22 on the connection side and is supported by a connection-side end portion of the metal housing 13 located, on the sealing ring 27 pressing flange 28 fixed. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the metal housing 13 has what is known as a heat-shrinkable region 29, which is known per se (US Pat. No. 2,111,916) and ensures that the radiator 11 is installed in a sealed manner in the metal housing 13. Instead of using this flaring and heat shrinking process, the ceramic carrier 20 can also be fixed in a sealing manner in the metal housing 13 by cementing or the like.

Der Keramikträger 20 besitzt eine Längsbohrung 30, welche anschlußseits offen und brennraumseits mit einem Boden 31 verschlossen ist ; der als Kopfbohrung 32 bezeichnete anschlußseitige Bereich der Keramikträger-Längsbohrung 30 geht über einen kegelstumpfförmigen Bohrungsübergang 33 in die einen kleineren Durchmesser habende Fußbohrung 34 über. Der Boden 31 des Keramikträgers 20 ragt in der vorliegenden Darstellung brennraumseits aus der Längsbohrung 17 des Metallgehäuses 13 etwas heraus ; der Keramikträger-Kopf 21 ragt dagegen bei der dargestellten Ausführungsform der Glühkerze 10 etwas weiter aus dem anschlußseitigen Ende des Metallgehäuses 13. Der brennraumseitige Endabschnitt des Keramikträger-Fußes 26 ist mittels einer Schutzhülse 35 geschützt, welche aus warmfestem Material besteht, am brennraumseitigen Ende des Metallgehäuses 13 durch Schweißen oder ähnliches befestigt ist, Abstand vom Boden 31 des Keramikträgers 20 hält und mit Durchbrüchen 36 versehen ist, die dem Zutritt bzw. Austritt von unverbrannten bzw. verbrannten Kraftstoffdampf-Luft-Gemischen zum Heizkörper 11 dienen.The ceramic carrier 20 has a longitudinal bore 30 which is open on the connection side and closed on the combustion chamber side with a base 31; the area on the connection side of the ceramic carrier longitudinal bore 30, referred to as the head bore 32, merges via a frustoconical bore transition 33 into the foot bore 34, which has a smaller diameter. In the present illustration, the bottom 31 of the ceramic carrier 20 protrudes somewhat from the longitudinal bore 17 of the metal housing 13; the ceramic support head 21, on the other hand, protrudes somewhat further from the connection-side end of the metal housing 13 in the illustrated embodiment of the glow plug 10. The end section of the ceramic support foot 26 on the combustion chamber side is protected by a protective sleeve 35, which consists of heat-resistant material, on the combustion chamber end of the metal housing 13 is fastened by welding or the like, keeps a distance from the bottom 31 of the ceramic carrier 20 and is provided with openings 36 which serve the entry or exit of unburned or burned fuel-air mixtures to the radiator 11.

Das Heizelement 37 dieses Heizkörpers 11 istwie bereits aus der deutschen Gebrauchsmusterschrift (DE-U-8 103 317) bekannt - schichtförmig auf die Außenseite des Keramikträger-Fußes 26 aufgetragen, bevorzugt im Bereich des kuppenförmigen Keramikträger-Bodens 31, besteht bevorzugt aus einer Platin-Rhodium-Legierung mit keramischem Anteil (z. B. Aluminiumoxid), kann aber auch aus einem anderen geeigneten, elektrisch-leitendem Material hergestellt sein. Dieses Heizelement 37 wird bevorzugt mittels bekannter Dickschichttechnik auf dem Keramikträger 20 aufgebracht und kann von dem jeweiligen Anwendungszweck angepaßter Konfiguration sein (z. B. mäanderförmig oder als Einschnürung). Dieses Heizelement 37 ist mit Anschlußleiterbahnen 38 bzw. 39 verbunden, welche ebenfalls in Dickschichttechnik auf den Keramikträger 20 aufgebracht sind und in bevorzugter Weise aus einer Mischung von Platin und Aluminiumoxid bestehen ; anstelle der Verwendung von Platin für diese Anschlußleiterbahnen 38 und 39 wie auch für das Heizelement 37 können auch geeignete Nichtedelmetalle wie z. B. Wolfram benutzt und in Dickschichttechnik auf den Keramikträger 20 aufgetragen werden.The heating element 37 of this radiator 11 is, as already known from the German utility model (DE-U-8 103 317), applied in layers to the outside of the ceramic support base 26, preferably in the area of the dome-shaped ceramic support base 31, preferably consists of a platinum Rhodium alloy with a ceramic component (e.g. aluminum oxide), but can also be made from another suitable, electrically conductive material. This heating element 37 is preferably applied to the ceramic carrier 20 by means of known thick-film technology and can be of a configuration adapted to the particular application (for example meandering or as a constriction). This heating element 37 is connected to connecting conductor tracks 38 and 39, which are likewise applied to the ceramic carrier 20 using thick-film technology and preferably consist of a mixture of platinum and aluminum oxide; Instead of using platinum for these connecting conductor tracks 38 and 39 as well as for the heating element 37, suitable base metals such as, for. B. Tungsten and applied to the ceramic substrate 20 in thick-film technology.

Die erste Anschlußleiterbahn 38 ist bis auf die Dichtschulter 25 des Keramikträgers 20 geführt und steht hier über den Dichtring 19 mit dem elektrisch an Masse liegendem Metallgehäuse 13 in elektrischer Verbindung. Die zweite Anschlußleiterbahn 39 verläuft ganz bis zum anschlußseitigen Ende des Keramikträgers 20 und dann noch weiter in die Keramikträger-Längsbohrung 30 hinein, und zwar bis zum kegelstumpfförmigen Bohrungsübergang 33 hin. Zur elektrischen Isolation gegenüber dem Metallgehäuse 13 und auch als Schutz vor den Verbrennungsgasen und kurzschließenden Ablagerungen sind das Heizelement 37 und die Anschlußleiterbahnen 38, 39 ausschließlich ihrer Endabschnitte mit einer Schutzschicht 40 abgedeckt (siehe Figur 2) ; die zweite Anschlußleiterbahn 39 ist dabei zumindest bis zum anschlußseitigen Ende des Keramikträger-Kopfes 21 mit dieser Schutzschicht 40 bedeckt. Bei dieser Schutzschicht 40 handelt es sich um ein dichtes, elektrisch isolierendes, keramisches Material wie z. B. Aluminiumoxid und Magnesiumspinell.The first connecting conductor 38 is guided up to the sealing shoulder 25 of the ceramic carrier 20 and is in electrical connection here via the sealing ring 19 with the metal housing 13 which is electrically connected to ground. The second connecting conductor track 39 extends all the way to the connection-side end of the ceramic carrier 20 and then further into the ceramic carrier longitudinal bore 30, namely up to the frustoconical bore transition 33. For electrical insulation from the metal housing 13 and also as protection against the combustion gases and short-circuiting deposits, the heating element 37 and the connecting conductor tracks 38, 39 are covered with a protective layer 40 exclusively at their end sections (see FIG. 2); the second connecting conductor 39 is covered with this protective layer 40 at least up to the connection-side end of the ceramic carrier head 21. This protective layer 40 is a dense, electrically insulating, ceramic material such as. B. alumina and magnesium spinel.

Der in die Längsbohrung 30 des Keramikträgers 20 hineinragende Bereich der zweiten Anschlußleiterbahn 39 steht über einen elektrisch leitfähigen, im Bereich des Bohrungsübergangs 33 und im brennraumseitigen Endabschnitt der Kopfbohrung 32 befindlichen Glasschmelzfluß 41 mit dem brennraumseitigen Endabschnitt eines in die Keramikträger-Längsbohrung 30 hineinragenden Anschlußmittels 12 elektrisch leitend in Verbindung. Das Anschlußmittel 12 ist als Bolzen gestaltet und besitzt an seinem brennraumseitigen Endabschnitt in bevorzugter Weise eine Rändelung oder ein Gewinde als Verankerungsmittel 42. Während das Verankerungsmittel 42 im Glasschmelzfluß festgelegt ist, besitzt der Anschlußbolzen 12 an seinem anschlußseitigen Endabschnitt ein Anschlußgewinde 43, über welches er mit nicht dargestellten zusätzlichen Anschlußmitteln mit einer ebenfalls nicht dargestellten Stromquelle elektrisch leitend in Verbindung steht. Zur axialen Fixierung des Anschlußbolzens 12 in der Keramikträger-Längsbohrung 30 ist er mit einem Bund 44 versehen, welcher auf der Stirnseite 45 des Keramikträgers 20 aufliegt. Die Stromzuführung von der nicht dargestellten Stromquelle zum Heizelement 37 erfolgt also über den Anschlußbolzen 12, den elektrisch leitenden Glasschmelzfluß 41 und die zweite Anschlußleiterbahn 39.The area of the second connecting conductor 39 projecting into the longitudinal bore 30 of the ceramic carrier 20 is electrically connected via an electrically conductive glass melt flow 41 located in the region of the bore transition 33 and in the combustion chamber-side end section of the head bore 32 with the combustion chamber-side end section of a connection means 12 projecting into the ceramic support longitudinal bore 30 leading in connection. The connection means 12 is designed as a bolt and preferably has a knurling or a thread as anchoring means 42 on its combustion chamber-side end section. While the anchoring means 42 is fixed in the glass melt flow, the connection bolt 12 has a connection thread 43 at its connection-side end section, via which it connects with additional connection means, not shown, is connected to a current source, also not shown, in an electrically conductive manner. For axially fixing the connecting bolt 12 in the ceramic carrier longitudinal bore 30, it is provided with a collar 44 which rests on the end face 45 of the ceramic carrier 20. The power supply from the power source, not shown, to the heating element 37 thus takes place via the connecting bolt 12, the electrically conductive glass melt flow 41 and the second connecting conductor 39.

Anstelle der vorstehend aufgezeigten Stromzuleitung zum Heizelement 37 können als Anschlußmittel aber auch sogenannte (nicht dargestellte) Landeplätze dienen, welche auf dem Keramikträger-Kopf 21 isoliert voneinander anzuordnen wären ; die Landeplätze werden bekannterweise in Dickschichttechnik auf den Keramikträger-Kopf 21 aufgetragen und können beispielsweise aus Platin bestehen. Bei Verwendung derartiger Landeplätze als Anschlußmittel kann auch die erste Anschlußleiterbahn 38 entsprechend zum Keramikträger-Kopf 21 geführt werden. Bei dieser Ausführungsform des Anschlußmittels kann der Anschlußbolzen 12 entfallen.Instead of the power supply line to the heating element 37 shown above, so-called landing sites (not shown) can also serve as connection means, which would have to be arranged isolated from one another on the ceramic carrier head 21; the landing sites are known to be applied to the ceramic carrier head 21 using thick-film technology and can consist, for example, of platinum. When such landing sites are used as connection means, the first connection conductor 38 can also be guided correspondingly to the ceramic support head 21. In this embodiment of the connection means, the connection bolt 12 can be omitted.

Damit eine solche Glühkerze 10 nun auch in Brennkraftmaschinen mit Fremdzündung (Ottomotor, Vielstoffmotor) im oberen Lastbereich zuverlässig arbeitet, ist sie im Bereich der Fußbohrung 34 des Keramikträgers 20 mit einer Wärmesenke 46 so ausgelegt, daß sie bei Betriebstemperaturen oberhalb von etwa 850/950 °C Wärme aus dem brennraumseitigen Bereich des Heizkörpers 11 in Richtung des anschlußseitigen Endabschnitts der Glühkerze 10 ableitet. Bei dieser in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellten Wärmesenke 46 handelt es sich um einen Metallkern, welcher oberhalb der genannten Betriebstemperaturen mit einem erheblichen Teil seiner Oberfläche am Keramikträger 20 anliegt, jedoch unterhalb der genannten Betriebstemperaturen mindestens teilweise einen Spalt 47 gegenüber dem Keramikträger 20 aufweist. Ein solcher Metallkern 46 besteht aus einem Material, welches bei allen vorkommenden Betriebszuständen der Brennkraftmaschine einen festen Zustand hat und aufgrund seines Ausdehnungs- bzw. Schrumpfverhaltens infolge Temperatureinwirkung den Spalt 47 schließt bzw. öffnet. Als geeignete Stoffe für einen solchen Metallkern 46 eignen sich vorzugsweise Aluminiumbronze und Chrom-Nickel-Stahl, welche mit zunehmender Temperatur auch eine zunehmende Wärmeleitfähigkeit besitzen, geeignet sind aber auch andere Stoffe wie z. B. Kupfer und Silber. Die anschlußseitige Stirnfläche 48 dieses Metallkernes 46 liegt etwa am anschlußseitigen Ende der Keramikträger-Fußbohrung 34, kann aber auch weiter anschlußseits liegen, z. B. bis in den Bohrungsübergang 33 oder sogar bis in den brennraumseitigen Abschnitt der Keramikträger-Kopfbohrung 32 reichen. Die anschlußseitige Stirnfläche 48 des Metallkernes 46 bildet gleichzeitig die brennraumseitige Begrenzung für den elektrisch leitfähigen Glasschmelzfluß 41.So that such a glow plug 10 now also in Internal combustion engines with spark ignition (gasoline engine, multi-fuel engine) works reliably in the upper load range, it is designed in the area of the foot bore 34 of the ceramic support 20 with a heat sink 46 so that it generates heat from the combustion chamber-side area of the radiator at operating temperatures above about 850/950 ° C 11 in the direction of the connection-side end section of the glow plug 10. This heat sink 46 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is a metal core which bears a substantial part of its surface on the ceramic carrier 20 above the mentioned operating temperatures, but at least partially has a gap 47 with respect to the ceramic carrier 20 below the mentioned operating temperatures. Such a metal core 46 consists of a material which has a solid state in all operating states of the internal combustion engine and which closes or opens the gap 47 due to its expansion or shrinkage behavior due to the effect of temperature. Suitable materials for such a metal core 46 are preferably aluminum bronze and chromium-nickel steel, which also have an increasing thermal conductivity with increasing temperature, but other materials such as e.g. B. copper and silver. The connection-side end face 48 of this metal core 46 lies approximately at the connection-side end of the ceramic carrier foot bore 34, but can also lie further on the connection side, for. B. extend into the bore transition 33 or even up to the combustion chamber-side section of the ceramic support head bore 32. The connection-side end face 48 of the metal core 46 simultaneously forms the boundary on the combustion chamber side for the electrically conductive glass melt flow 41.

Bei einem praktischen Ausführungsbeispiel einer solchen Glühkerze 10 für Brennkraftmaschinen mit Fremdzündung hat der Metallkern 46 einen Durchmesser von 2,8 mm und eine Länge von 12 mm ; je nach Anwendungsfall können diese Maße variieren, insbesondere hinsichtlich der Länge des Metallkernes 46, die etwa im Bereich zwischen 3 und 15 mm liegen kann. Der Keramikträger 20 hat im Bereich seines Bodens 31 eine Wanddicke um 0.5 mm, verstärkt sich in Richtung des Bundansatzes 24 jedoch auf etwa 3 mm. Elektrisch leitfähige Glasschmelzflüsse 41 sind an sich bekannt und beispielsweise in der US-Patentschrift (US-A-3 909 459) beschrieben.In a practical exemplary embodiment of such a glow plug 10 for internal combustion engines with spark ignition, the metal core 46 has a diameter of 2.8 mm and a length of 12 mm; Depending on the application, these dimensions can vary, in particular with regard to the length of the metal core 46, which can be approximately in the range between 3 and 15 mm. The ceramic carrier 20 has a wall thickness of 0.5 mm in the region of its base 31, but increases in the direction of the collar shoulder 24 to approximately 3 mm. Electrically conductive glass melt flows 41 are known per se and are described, for example, in US Pat. No. 3,909,459.

Bei dieser Glühkerze 10 ist zwischen der Wärmesenke 46 und der Fußbohrung 34 des Keramikträgers 20 ein Spalt 47 vorhanden, welcher sich bei zunehmenden Betriebstemperaturen entsprechend dem Ausdehnungsverhalten des Metallkerns 46 schließt und sich oberhalb von etwa 850/950 °C mit einem erheblichen Teil seiner Oberfläche an die Wand der Fußbohrung 34 anlegt ; je mehr sich der Spalt 47 verengt bzw. je mehr Anteile seiner Oberfläche sich an der Wand der Fußbohrung 34 anlegen, um so mehr Wärme wird aus dem brennraumseitigen Endabschnitt des Heizkörpers 11 zum anschlußseitigen Bereich der Glühkerze 10 abgeleitet. Auch die Gestaltung des Spaltes 47 hat für die Anpassung an die jeweilige Brennkraftmaschine eine wesentliche Bedeutung ; es kann deshalb auch von Vorteil sein, wenn der Spalt 47 im Bereich des Keramikträger-Bodens 31 größer ist als seitlich neben dem Metallkern 46. Fallen die Betriebstemperaturen unter den Bereich von etwa 850/950 °C, so erweitert sich der Spalt 47 wieder und führt weniger Wärme vom Keramikträger-Boden 31 ab. Infolge der vorstehend beschriebenen Funktionsweise wird das Entstehen von Glühzündungen in Brennkraftmaschinen mit Fremdzündung vermieden.In this glow plug 10, a gap 47 is present between the heat sink 46 and the foot bore 34 of the ceramic carrier 20, which gap closes with increasing operating temperatures in accordance with the expansion behavior of the metal core 46 and closes above approximately 850/950 ° C. with a considerable part of its surface creates the wall of the foot hole 34; the more the gap 47 narrows or the more parts of its surface are applied to the wall of the foot bore 34, the more heat is dissipated from the end section of the heating element 11 on the combustion chamber side to the area of the glow plug 10 on the connection side. The design of the gap 47 is also of major importance for the adaptation to the respective internal combustion engine; it can therefore also be advantageous if the gap 47 in the area of the ceramic support base 31 is larger than laterally next to the metal core 46. If the operating temperatures fall below the range of approximately 850/950 ° C., the gap 47 widens again and dissipates less heat from the ceramic carrier base 31. As a result of the mode of operation described above, the occurrence of glow ignitions in internal combustion engines with spark ignition is avoided.

In der Figur 3 ist ein Heikörper 11/4 dargestellt. der in eine Glühkerze gemäß Figur 1 eingebaut werden kann und zusätzlich mit einem Brennraumsensor 55/4 versehen ist. Im vorliegenden Beispiel ist in eine Längsbohrung 56/4 der Wärmesenke 46/4 ein z. B. aus Quarzglas bestehendes optoelektronisches Sensorelement eingebaut ; dieses optoelektronische Sensorelement führt anschlußseits durch den Glasschmelzfluß 41/4 und eine Zentralbohrung 57/4 des bolzenartigen Anschlußmittels 12/4 zu einem nicht dargestellten optoelektrischen Wandler (DE-A-29 05 506) und ist brennraumseits mit einer linsenartigen, in der Nähe des Bodens 31/4 des Keramikträgers 20/4 angeformten Verdickung 58/4 versehen. Anstelle eines derartigen optoelektronischen Sensors 55/4 können aber auch andere den Betriebstemperaturen widerstehende Sensorelemente Verwendung finden, z. B. Temperatursensoren. - Der Kopf dieser Wärmesenke 46/4 ist mit 50/4 bezeichnet und der zwischen der Wärmesenke 46/4 und der Wand der Fußbohrung 34/4 des Keramikträgers 20/4 befindliche Spalt trägt das Bezugszeichen 47/4. Dieser Spalt 47/4 verringert sich bei zunehmenden Betriebstemperaturen und schließt sich - wie bereits beschrieben - bei Betriebstemperaturen oberhalb von 850/950 °C bzw. vergrößert sich wieder bei sinkenden Temperaturen. Zur Verbesserung der Abdichtung zwischen dem Anschlußmittel 12/4 und dem Sensor 55/4 ist die durch das Anschlußmittel 12/4 führende Zentralbohrung 57/4 brennraumseits mit einer koaxialen Einsenkung 59/4 versehen, in welcher der Glasschmelzfluß 41/4 mit eindringt.A heater 11/4 is shown in FIG. which can be installed in a glow plug according to FIG. 1 and is additionally provided with a combustion chamber sensor 55/4. In the present example in a longitudinal bore 56/4 of the heat sink 46/4 a z. B. built of quartz glass existing optoelectronic sensor element; this optoelectronic sensor element leads on the connection side through the glass melt flow 41/4 and a central bore 57/4 of the bolt-like connecting means 12/4 to an optoelectric converter (DE-A-29 05 506), not shown, and is on the combustion chamber side with a lens-like, near the bottom 31/4 of the ceramic carrier 20/4 molded thickening 58/4. Instead of such an optoelectronic sensor 55/4, other sensor elements which resist the operating temperatures can also be used, e.g. B. temperature sensors. - The head of this heat sink 46/4 is designated 50/4 and the gap located between the heat sink 46/4 and the wall of the foot bore 34/4 of the ceramic carrier 20/4 bears the reference number 47/4. This gap 47/4 decreases with increasing operating temperatures and closes - as already described - at operating temperatures above 850/950 ° C or increases again with falling temperatures. To improve the seal between the connection means 12/4 and the sensor 55/4, the central bore 57/4 leading through the connection means 12/4 is provided on the combustion chamber side with a coaxial depression 59/4, into which the glass melt flow 41/4 also penetrates.

Claims (4)

1. Glow plug for internal-combustion engine with applied ignition, with a heater (11) which can be fitted tightly into the cylinder of the internal-combustion engine, is surrounded by a tubular metal casing (13) and has a tubular, electrically insulating ceramic carrier (20) which is provided with a base on the combustion chamber side and is for a conductor track-like electrical heating element (37), which is arranged on the outer surface of the ceramic carrier (20), is connected via conductor track-like connecting conductors (38, 39) to the end section of the ceramic carrier (20) on the connection side and is covered by a dense, electrically insulating protective layer (40), the connecting conductors of the heating element (37) being in electrical connection with additional means of connection which can be connected to a power source, characterized in that a metal core is arranged in the section of the longitudinal bore (30) of the ceramic carrier (20) on the combustion chamber side as a heat sink (46), which metal core, on account of its expansion behaviour owing to temperature effect, is in contact over a considerable part of its surtace with the ceramic carrier (20, 34) at operating temperatures above about 850/950 °C, but below the said operating temperature has at least partially a gap (47) with respect to the ceramic carrier (30, 34).
2. Glow plug according to Claim 1, characterized in that the heat sink (45) designed as metal core consists of aluminium bronze, chrome nickel steel, copper or silver.
3. Glow plug according to one of Claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the connecting conductor tracks (38, 39) of the heating element (37) are covered by an electrically insulating, dense protective layer (40) which leaves uncovered only the regions of the connecting conductor tracks (38, 39) serving as electrical terminals.
4. Glow plug according to one of Claims 1 to 3. characterized in that a combustion chamber sensor (55/4), preferably an optoelectronic sensor, is arranged in the heater (11/4), which sensor preferably runs in a longitudinal bore (56/4) of the heat sink (46/4) designed as metal core and in a central bore (57/4) of a bolt-like connecting element (12/4) surrounded by the additional means of connection.
EP83109726A 1982-10-13 1983-09-29 Heater plug for internal-combustion engines with external ignition Expired EP0106232B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3237922 1982-10-13
DE19823237922 DE3237922A1 (en) 1982-10-13 1982-10-13 GLOW PLUG FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0106232A1 EP0106232A1 (en) 1984-04-25
EP0106232B1 true EP0106232B1 (en) 1986-06-18

Family

ID=6175603

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83109726A Expired EP0106232B1 (en) 1982-10-13 1983-09-29 Heater plug for internal-combustion engines with external ignition

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0106232B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3237922A1 (en)
ES (1) ES8405920A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0194535A3 (en) * 1985-03-15 1988-01-07 Allied Corporation Glow plug having a metallic silicide resistive film heater
DE19527873C2 (en) * 1995-07-29 2001-09-13 Eberspaecher J Gmbh & Co Device for generating and igniting a fuel vapor-air mixture
DE10228077A1 (en) * 2002-06-20 2004-01-08 Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena Method for forming electrically conductive connection between metal ring or sleeve and ceramic element, especially for diesel engine glow-plug, using compact and highly porous material-elastic, electrically conductive intermediate layer
DE102004030990A1 (en) * 2004-06-26 2006-01-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Glow plug with a protective layer coated glow plug

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2748711B2 (en) * 1976-11-08 1979-04-26 N.V. Philips' Gloeilampenfabrieken, Eindhoven (Niederlande) Heat pipe
GB2092670A (en) * 1981-02-07 1982-08-18 Bosch Gmbh Robert Glow plug for internal combustion engines

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT69738B (en) * 1913-02-27 1915-08-25 Pohl & Soehne Fa E Ignition device for internal combustion engines.
DE2900984C2 (en) * 1979-01-12 1983-01-05 W.C. Heraeus Gmbh, 6450 Hanau Glow plug for diesel engines
DE3146653C2 (en) * 1981-02-07 1986-09-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Glow plug for internal combustion engines

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2748711B2 (en) * 1976-11-08 1979-04-26 N.V. Philips' Gloeilampenfabrieken, Eindhoven (Niederlande) Heat pipe
GB2092670A (en) * 1981-02-07 1982-08-18 Bosch Gmbh Robert Glow plug for internal combustion engines

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES526443A0 (en) 1984-06-16
ES8405920A1 (en) 1984-06-16
DE3364202D1 (en) 1986-07-24
EP0106232A1 (en) 1984-04-25
DE3237922A1 (en) 1984-04-19

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0049372B1 (en) Spark plug for internal-combustion engines
EP0238520B1 (en) Surface-discharge spark plug
DD202937A5 (en) Blucher for combustion engines
DE3217951A1 (en) SPARK PLUG FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
DE102018206784A1 (en) Prechamber spark plug
EP0078954B1 (en) Spark plug for an internal-combustion engine
DE19747700C2 (en) Ignition device with an ignition electrode
DE69932685T2 (en) Glow sensor - ceramic flat plate
DE69935641T2 (en) Glow sensor and motor part combination
EP0226595B1 (en) Spark plug for internal combustion engines
EP0812410B1 (en) Pencil type glow plug for diesel engines
WO1996007226A1 (en) Spark plug for an internal combustion engine
EP0106232B1 (en) Heater plug for internal-combustion engines with external ignition
EP0101547B1 (en) High-tension spark plug
EP0413147B1 (en) Sheathed-element glow plug
DE3318458C2 (en)
EP0103775B1 (en) Glow plug for internal combustion engines
DE3203149C2 (en)
DE69932684T2 (en) Ceramic tip for glow sensor
DE3146653C2 (en) Glow plug for internal combustion engines
EP0073939A1 (en) High-tension spark plug
DE19932220A1 (en) Spark plug for use in internal combustion engine
DE10156949B4 (en) spark plug
DE3616639A1 (en) Spark plug for internal combustion engines
DE3616640A1 (en) Spark plug with surface discharge gap

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19830929

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT SE

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT SE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3364202

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19860724

ET Fr: translation filed
ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: STUDIO JAUMANN

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 19910816

Year of fee payment: 9

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19910918

Year of fee payment: 9

ITTA It: last paid annual fee
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19910930

Year of fee payment: 9

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19911125

Year of fee payment: 9

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Effective date: 19920929

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Effective date: 19920930

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19920929

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Effective date: 19930528

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Effective date: 19930602

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

Ref document number: 83109726.6

Effective date: 19930406