EP0105238A2 - Sackartiger Grossbehälter für Schüttgüter - Google Patents

Sackartiger Grossbehälter für Schüttgüter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0105238A2
EP0105238A2 EP83109076A EP83109076A EP0105238A2 EP 0105238 A2 EP0105238 A2 EP 0105238A2 EP 83109076 A EP83109076 A EP 83109076A EP 83109076 A EP83109076 A EP 83109076A EP 0105238 A2 EP0105238 A2 EP 0105238A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bag
panels
spout
called
blank
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP83109076A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0105238B1 (de
EP0105238A3 (en
Inventor
Arthur E. Lafleur
Arnie Lafleur
Lee Lafleur
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Scholle Custom Packaging Inc
Original Assignee
Custom Packaging Systems Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=23709129&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0105238(A2) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Custom Packaging Systems Inc filed Critical Custom Packaging Systems Inc
Publication of EP0105238A2 publication Critical patent/EP0105238A2/de
Publication of EP0105238A3 publication Critical patent/EP0105238A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0105238B1 publication Critical patent/EP0105238B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D88/00—Large containers
    • B65D88/16—Large containers flexible
    • B65D88/1612—Flexible intermediate bulk containers [FIBC]
    • B65D88/1618—Flexible intermediate bulk containers [FIBC] double-walled or with linings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D33/00—Details of, or accessories for, sacks or bags

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a shipping and storage container and, more specifically, to a large bulk, collapsible container in the form of a bag made of a woven fabric.
  • a fabric bag used in the above manner has to fulfill several practical requirements. It is of primary importance that the construction of the bag be such as to sustain relatively heavy loads. At the same time, it is essential that the bag is adapted to be folded or collapsed to a compact flat form. Frequently, because of the nature and quantity of material shipped in such bags, the bags should also be designed so that they can be easily filled and emptied of their contents. It is also desirable that such bags be designed so that, when filled, they are free standing and capable of being stacked vertically upon another. Such bags should preferably have some sort of attachment thereon which enable them to be lifted by the tines of a forklift truck. Furthermore, depending upon the type of material being shipped, some bags are also required to be moisture-proof or water resistant.
  • the primary object of this invention resides in the provision of a fabric bag which is economical to manufacture and which fulfills all of the above requirements.
  • a more specific object of the present invention resides in the provision of a fabric bag which can be folded into a flat compact form which, when filled, automatically assumes the desired cubical shape.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a bag designed so that, when filled, it has rectangularly shaped top and bottom walls of high strength and an easily closeable filling spout at the top wall and, if desired, a spout at the bottom which can be readily opened to discharge the contents of the bag.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a large bulk shipping bag so designed that it can be engaged with one or both tines of a forklift truck by the operator of the truck without further assistance.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide a bag of the type described with a top wall that is so designed as to impart high strength to the bag by a top panel construction which also provides a lift member generally engageable with one or both tines of a forklift truck.
  • the bag of the present invention is formed from a tubular blank 10 of a woven fabric, such as burlap, canvas, polypropylene, etc.
  • the woven fabric is formed into a tube by sewing the opposite sides edges of the fabric together as at 12.
  • the tubular blank comprises a pair of flat overlying panels 14,16 which are interconnected by inwardly folded gussets 18,20.
  • the bag illustrated is generally square in cross section and, accordingly, each folded gusset 18 and 20 has a width which is approximately the same as the width of the flat panels 14,16.
  • the fold lines 22 of gussets 18,20 extend lengthwise of the blank closely adjacent the longitudinal center line thereof.
  • the four corner portions of the bag are stitched diagonally on opposite sides of the blank as at 24.
  • the stitch lines 24 extend symmetrically from the opposite side edges of the tubular blank inwardly and toward the adjacent end of the blank and terminate at the points 26 which are spaced apart on opposite sides of the longitudinal center line of the blank and which are also spaced inwardly from the opposite ends of the blank.
  • Additional lines of stitching 28 extend from the points 26 lengthwise of the blank in parallel relation to the opposite ends of the blank.
  • Panels 14,16 and the intermediate portions of gusset panels 18,20 are then slitted lengthwise from the opposite ends of the blank inwardly as at 30 along lines that are parallel to and spaced slightly laterally outwardly from the stitch lines 28.
  • the severing lines 30 terminate at points 32 which are generally transversely aligned with the intersection points 26 between stitch lines 28 and stitch lines 24.
  • the end portions of panels 14,16 and gusset panels 18,20 are folded over several times and stitched together as at 36.
  • the end portions of the flat panels 14,16 and the gusset panels 18,20 which extend between the severing lines 30 are also folded individually one or more times upon themselves and hemmed by stitching as at 38.
  • eyelets or similar fasteners 40 can be secured to the edges which are hemmed at 38 on the two flat panels 14,16.
  • the portions of the panels 14,16 and gusset panels 18,20 which extend between stitch lines 28 form rectangularly-shaped spouts 42, the upper spout being illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • the spouts 42 are formed at both ends, as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the bottom of the blank may have the construction shown in FIG. 5.
  • the end portion of the blank will be folded over one or more times upon itself and then stitched along the line 44.
  • the four diagonal stitch lines 46 each of which extends through one of the flat panels 14,16, and the adjacent portion of the gusset panels 18,20 extend directly to the hemmed portion which is stitched at 44. Stitching 46 is performed before stitching 44.
  • the bag illustrated in the drawings is generally square in horizontal-section. If it is desired to form a bag of rectangular cross section with two opposite sides wider than the other two opposite sides, then the fold lines 22 between the gusset panels 18,20 would be located further laterally outwardly from the longitudinal center line of the blank than illustrated in FIG. 3. In any event, however, the lines of severing 30 would be located laterally outwardly of the fold lines 22 of the gusset panels 18,20. In a rectangular bag the wider side walls would be formed by panels 14,16 and the narrower end walls of the bag would be formed by the gusset panels 18,20.
  • valve closure panel 48 is designated 48 and is stitched solely to the inner face of the flat panel 14 as at 50.
  • Valve panel 48 is sized to overlie the opening formed by the spout 42 at the lower end of the bag when the bag is filled.
  • the bag in the flattened condition has eight double-thickness panel sections 52, two at each of the four corners, which lie laterally outwardly of stitch lines 24 and severing lines 30.
  • These double-thickness panel sections 52 which are stiched together as at 36, are generally triangularly shaped, except that one corner of the triangle terminates generally at the severing line 30.
  • the double-thickness panels designated therein as 54 are of truly triangular shape.
  • the double-thickness panels 52 at the upper end of the bag are each slitted, as at 56.
  • the function of the slits 56 is illustrated in FIG. 6.
  • the bag is to be filled with material, it is supported on retaining rods 58 of a suitable bag support which supports the bag vertically with its upper end in the expanded condition.
  • the bag is arranged on the rods as shown in FIG. 6 with the rods extending through the slits 56.
  • the upper end of the bag blank is spread apart as shown in FIG. 6, the upper end of the bag is automatically formed into a rectangular shape.
  • the four upper corners of the bag are defined by the intersection of the stitch lines 24 with the side edges of panels 14,16 and the spout 42 automatically assumes a generally rectangular shape.
  • the gusset panels 18,20 automatically fold outwardly so that the portions of panels 14,16 below the four upper corners of the bag form the side walls of the bag and the portions of the gusset panels 18,20 below the four corners fold outwardly to form the end walls of the bag.
  • the top wall of the bag is formed by four panels of generally trapezoidal shape. Two of these panels are single-thickness portions of panels 14,16 which lie between stitch lines 24. These top wall portions are designated 60.
  • the other two single-thickness panel portions which form the top wall of the bag comprise the portions of gusset panels 18,20 which also lie between stitch lines 24 and are designated 62 (FIG. 6).
  • the double-thickness panels 52 overlie the single-thickness panels 62.
  • the spout 42 at the bottom end thereof is folded to a collapsed condition and secured by a lace or equivalent means through the eyelets.
  • the valve flap 48 may be utilized to overlie the closed bottom spout and thus effectively prevent leakage of material from the bag.
  • the top spout 42 is folded to a collapsed position and closed as by lacing it through the eyelets. The bag thus closed is illustrated in FIG. 8.
  • the closed and filled bag according to the present invention is of generally cubical shape. In view of its construction, it is free standing and adapted to be stacked vertically one upon another. In order to stack the bags vertically or to move them from one location to another it is necessary to lift the bags. Bags constructed in accordance with the present invention are adapted to be lifted in a very convenient manner.
  • a generally flat, plastic tube 64 (FIG. 9) is utilized.
  • Tube 64 is preferably extruded or otherwise formed from a material which is at least semi-rigid with some degree of elastic memory. In its normal condition tube,64 is of a flattened configuration with open ends and sized to receive the tine 66 of a forklift truck.
  • Tube 64 is inserted across the top of the bag between the single-thickness panesl 62 and the double-thickness panels 52. It is directed between these panels so as to overlie the laced closed spout 42 shown in FIG. 8.
  • Tube 64 has a length preferably slightly greater than the dimension of the bag along the stitched hem 36.
  • snap fasteners 72 are provided for engagement with mating snap fasteners 74 on the double-thickness panels 52. Since the tube 64 in its normal condition is open at its ends and extends across the top of the bag at the center thereof, the operator of a forklift truck can easily guide tine 66 thereof into and through tube 64 without requiring the assistance of another person. He merely aligns the forklift tine 66 with one end of tube 64, raises the tine to engage it under the extension 68 of the tube and then directs the tine through the tube. Thereafter, he merely raises the tine to lift the filled bag.
  • tube 64 may have been completely collapsed by the weight of another filled bag on top of it, it will assume its open,condition when it is relieved of such load.
  • the lifting force on the bag is transferred by the diagonal stitch lines 24 to both side walls of the bag and to both end walls of the bag.
  • the lift arrangement of the present invention is superior to the lift arrangement of other bags which have a lift loop sewn to each of the four upper corners thereof. In the latter case, the lifting force on the bag is concentrated at each of the four corners rather than being distributed throughout the periphery of the bag.
  • the bag of this invention can be made of a lighter weight fabric than bags where the lift load is applied only to the corners.
  • a conventional rectangularly shaped bag such as indicated at 80 in FIG. 12, can be adapted for lifting in the manner described by securing a top lift panel 82 over the top wall 84 of the bag and inserting a tube 86 (similar to the tube 64 shown in FIG. 9) between the lift panel 82 and the top wall 84 of the bag.
  • tube 86 may extend substantially across the full width of the top of the bag if it is desired to utilize both tines 66 of the lift truck to raise the bag, or two narrow tubes may be utilized.
  • Lift panel 82 may be secured to the bag when it is initially formed, in which case it will be provided with a central opening 88 to enable filling the bag.
  • the bag is intended to be of the reusable type it is desirable, depending upon the environment in which the filled bags are used, to reinforce the bottom of the bags so as to prevent them from becoming worn and the stitching thereon to become loose.
  • a pair of flat wear resistant panels 88 preferably made of a thin plastic material, are secured in any suitable fashion to the portion of the bag blank which, when filled, forms the bottom of the bag. As illustrated in FIG. 14, these panels 88 each overlie one-half the bottom of the bag and extend lengthwise between the two side walls of the bag. In FIG. 14 they are shown secured to the bag by means of tapes 90. However, any other suitable fastening means may be employed.
  • the two panels 88 When the bag is emptied and collapsed to its flattened condition, such as shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, the two panels 88 would lie flat against the panels 14,16 with the outer edges 91 generally transversely aligned with the outer ends of the stitch lines 24 or 46 at the lower end of the bag.
  • the bag liner can be formed from a tubular blank with inwardly folded gusset panels in the same manner in which the bag is formed.
  • the tube blank generally designated 92 in FIG. 18 comprises overlying flat panels 94,96 having inwardly folded gusset panels 98,100.
  • the width of blank * 92 is preferably slightly less than that of the bag blank so that the liner will fit within the bag in a flattened condition with the gusset panels 98,100 interleaved with the gusset panels 18,20 of the bag.
  • the liner is hermetically sealed in any suitable fashion along the diagonal lines 102 and along the lengthwise extending lines 104 which, when the liner is arranged within the bag, register with the stitch lines 24 and 26. If desired, the liner can be formed with the double-thickness panels 106 shown at one corner of the liner illustrated in FIG. 16. But, in most instances, since the weight or load of the materials is sustained by the bag itself, not the liner, from the standpointof bag strength the double-thickness panels 106 are not essential on the liner.
  • the liner blank is preferably longer than the bag blank so that when the liner is inserted into the bag the spouts 108 of the liner will extend outwardly beyond the spouts 42 of the bag.
  • the liner can be formed with spouts 108 at the upper and lower ends thereof as shown in FIG. 15 or with a spout only at the upper end thereof as shown in FIG. 16.
  • the liner shown in FIG. 16 would be employed with a bag having a closed bottom of the type illustrated in FIG. 5.
  • the spout at the lower end of the bag can be formed as a tapered dispenser 110, such as shown in FIG. 2, the tip of which can be cut off to discharge the contents of the bag. If the contents of the bag are to be discharged in measured quantities, the spout at the lower end of the bag can be formed with a valve nozzle 112 as shown in FIG. 17.
  • FIG. 20 there is illustrated a tool for facilitating insertion of a flattened folded liner within a flattened bag.
  • the tool generally designated 116 is provided with a handle 118 having a length greater than that of the flattened bag.
  • handle 118 At its leading end handle 118 has secured thereto four fins or paddles 120.
  • These fins 120 are arranged on handle 118 in two pairs with the fins in each pair slightly inclined to one another as shown in FIG. 20.
  • the finned end of the tool has a width that enables it to be inserted into a spout 108 of a liner.
  • the free ends of fins 120 may be straight, but the edges adjacent handle 118 are preferably angularly inclined as at 122.
  • Tool 116 is designed to draw the liner through the bag from one end to the other. Before the tool is engaged with the liner the liner is folded into the general configuration illustrated in FIG. 19. More specifically, the two panels 94,96 of the liner together with the gusset panels 98,100 are individually folded several times in the manner shown in FIG. 19 so that the width of the folded liner is of a dimension that will enable the liner to be drawn through one of the spouts 42 of the bag when the bag is in the collapsed condition shown in FIG. 21.
  • the tool 116 is inserted into one end of the liner, the fins 120 being interleaved with the folded gusset panels 98,100 at the liner spout. Triangular end portions of the liner spout are then folded over the inclined edges 122 of the fins 120 and secured temporarily in place as by adhesive tape strips, as shown at 124 in FIG. 21. This enables the tool to apply a pulling force to the liner.
  • Handle 118 is then directed lengthwise through the bag and pulled therethrough so that the taped end of the liner spout of fins 120 is drawn into the spout at one end of the bag and out through the spout at the other end of the bag.
  • a liner in the bag does not interfere in any manner with the use of a tubular member such as shown at 64 and 86 for lifting the filled bag.
  • the liner spout may be closed and collapsed and the bag spout can be closed over the liner spout so as to underlie the tubular member.
  • tubes 64 or 86 are not absolutely essential to engage tubes 64 or 86 with the top of the bag only after the bag is filled. If the tube is sufficiently flexible it can be applied to the bag when the bag is initially manufactured. Thereafter the user may simply fold the tube lengthwise one or more times and displace it sidewise to enable the bag spout 48, and the liner spout 108 if a liner is used, to be opened for filling the bag. After the bag is filled and the spouts closed, the tube can be unfolded so as to assume the condition shown in FIGS. 10 and 13 wherein it is adapted to be engaged with the tine of a forklift truck for lifting the filled bag.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Bag Frames (AREA)
EP83109076A 1982-09-30 1983-09-14 Sackartiger Grossbehälter für Schüttgüter Expired EP0105238B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US43080982A 1982-09-30 1982-09-30
US430809 1982-09-30

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0105238A2 true EP0105238A2 (de) 1984-04-11
EP0105238A3 EP0105238A3 (en) 1985-10-30
EP0105238B1 EP0105238B1 (de) 1988-04-20

Family

ID=23709129

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83109076A Expired EP0105238B1 (de) 1982-09-30 1983-09-14 Sackartiger Grossbehälter für Schüttgüter

Country Status (10)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0105238B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS5974084A (de)
KR (1) KR840006165A (de)
AU (1) AU555027B2 (de)
BR (1) BR8305250A (de)
CA (1) CA1213532A (de)
DE (1) DE3376313D1 (de)
MX (1) MX156231A (de)
NZ (1) NZ205363A (de)
ZA (1) ZA836303B (de)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0141429A2 (de) * 1983-11-09 1985-05-15 Norsk Hydro A/S Verfahren und Vorrichtung für die Herstellung von flachen, flexiblen Behältern mit Einlage
EP0300539A1 (de) * 1987-07-08 1989-01-25 Cacao De Zaan B.V. Doppelwandiger Grosssack
EP0360730A1 (de) * 1988-09-23 1990-03-28 B.A.G. Corporation Behälter für fliessfähige Stoffe
EP0367501A1 (de) * 1988-10-29 1990-05-09 Holmesworth International Limited Behälter
US4946291A (en) * 1987-01-02 1990-08-07 Schnaars Daniel R Semi-bulk with liner
EP0483980A1 (de) * 1990-10-31 1992-05-06 Better Agricultural Goals Corporation Extrudierte Hohlkörper mit variablem Durchmesser und Verfahren zur Herstellung
US5158369A (en) * 1991-08-16 1992-10-27 B.A.G. Corporation Stabilized flexible container for flowable materials
US5222812A (en) * 1990-09-11 1993-06-29 Cuddy Christopher C Bulk containers
US5230689A (en) * 1991-08-16 1993-07-27 B.A.G. Corporation Method of making stabilized flexible container for flowable materials
WO1994029189A1 (en) * 1993-06-07 1994-12-22 Koninklijke Emballage Industrie Van Leer B.V. Method for production of a block-shaped container

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NZ230818A (en) * 1989-09-28 1993-03-26 Transpak Ind Ltd Bag with sleeve: inner surface of sleeve has higher melting point than outer surface
JP3077966B2 (ja) * 1996-07-01 2000-08-21 東洋ハイテック株式会社 フレキシブルコンテナ

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3119548A (en) * 1961-06-08 1964-01-28 Dale Products Plastics Ltd Plastic bags
DE1816627A1 (de) * 1968-12-23 1970-06-25 Span Set Ges Fuer Transportsys Grossraum-Transportbehaelter fuer fluessiges oder fliessfaehiges Gut
US4312392A (en) * 1980-03-19 1982-01-26 Toyama Industry Co., Ltd. Bag and process for manufacturing the same
GB2098581A (en) * 1981-05-12 1982-11-24 Nattrass Frank Improvements relating to bulk containers

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3119548A (en) * 1961-06-08 1964-01-28 Dale Products Plastics Ltd Plastic bags
DE1816627A1 (de) * 1968-12-23 1970-06-25 Span Set Ges Fuer Transportsys Grossraum-Transportbehaelter fuer fluessiges oder fliessfaehiges Gut
US4312392A (en) * 1980-03-19 1982-01-26 Toyama Industry Co., Ltd. Bag and process for manufacturing the same
GB2098581A (en) * 1981-05-12 1982-11-24 Nattrass Frank Improvements relating to bulk containers

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0141429A3 (en) * 1983-11-09 1986-12-17 Norsk Hydro A/S Flexible container in folded position
TR23173A (tr) * 1983-11-09 1989-06-02 Norsk Hydro As Katlanmis pozisyonda esnek kap
EP0141429A2 (de) * 1983-11-09 1985-05-15 Norsk Hydro A/S Verfahren und Vorrichtung für die Herstellung von flachen, flexiblen Behältern mit Einlage
US4946291A (en) * 1987-01-02 1990-08-07 Schnaars Daniel R Semi-bulk with liner
USRE34560E (en) * 1987-01-02 1994-03-08 Flexcon & Systems, Inc. Semi-bulk with liner
EP0300539A1 (de) * 1987-07-08 1989-01-25 Cacao De Zaan B.V. Doppelwandiger Grosssack
EP0360730A1 (de) * 1988-09-23 1990-03-28 B.A.G. Corporation Behälter für fliessfähige Stoffe
EP0367501A1 (de) * 1988-10-29 1990-05-09 Holmesworth International Limited Behälter
US5222812A (en) * 1990-09-11 1993-06-29 Cuddy Christopher C Bulk containers
US5328267A (en) * 1990-09-11 1994-07-12 Cuddy Christopher C Bulk containers
EP0483980A1 (de) * 1990-10-31 1992-05-06 Better Agricultural Goals Corporation Extrudierte Hohlkörper mit variablem Durchmesser und Verfahren zur Herstellung
ES2037602A1 (es) * 1990-10-31 1993-06-16 Better Agricultural Goals Corp Articulos extruidos, huecos, de diametro variable, y metodo de fabricacion.
US5158369A (en) * 1991-08-16 1992-10-27 B.A.G. Corporation Stabilized flexible container for flowable materials
US5230689A (en) * 1991-08-16 1993-07-27 B.A.G. Corporation Method of making stabilized flexible container for flowable materials
WO1994029189A1 (en) * 1993-06-07 1994-12-22 Koninklijke Emballage Industrie Van Leer B.V. Method for production of a block-shaped container
NL9300978A (nl) * 1993-06-07 1995-01-02 Leer Koninklijke Emballage Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van een blokvormige houder.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU1895183A (en) 1984-04-05
MX156231A (es) 1988-07-26
JPH0455950B2 (de) 1992-09-04
ZA836303B (en) 1984-10-31
CA1213532A (en) 1986-11-04
EP0105238B1 (de) 1988-04-20
DE3376313D1 (en) 1988-05-26
JPS5974084A (ja) 1984-04-26
EP0105238A3 (en) 1985-10-30
NZ205363A (en) 1987-04-30
BR8305250A (pt) 1984-05-02
KR840006165A (ko) 1984-11-22
AU555027B2 (en) 1986-09-11

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