EP0100694A1 - Câble isolé pour le transport d'énergie électrique notamment à haute tension, et dispositif de détection de défauts dans un tel câble - Google Patents

Câble isolé pour le transport d'énergie électrique notamment à haute tension, et dispositif de détection de défauts dans un tel câble Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0100694A1
EP0100694A1 EP83401262A EP83401262A EP0100694A1 EP 0100694 A1 EP0100694 A1 EP 0100694A1 EP 83401262 A EP83401262 A EP 83401262A EP 83401262 A EP83401262 A EP 83401262A EP 0100694 A1 EP0100694 A1 EP 0100694A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cable
optical fiber
humidity
cable according
electrical energy
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP83401262A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Valentin Bardoux
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
THOMSON JEUMONT CABLES
Original Assignee
THOMSON JEUMONT CABLES
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by THOMSON JEUMONT CABLES filed Critical THOMSON JEUMONT CABLES
Publication of EP0100694A1 publication Critical patent/EP0100694A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/32—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for indicating defects, e.g. breaks or leaks

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cable with synthetic insulation for the transport of electrical energy, in particular at high voltage.
  • the faults that may appear are notably due to excessive heating and the action of water on the insulators.
  • the abnormal temperature rises are of various origins.
  • the most common causes of excessive heating are accidental overloads of the electricity distribution network, an unfavorable environment, the cable being for example near a heating pipe or placed in a location where the heat is badly evacuated , and the junctions between cables which constitute thermal barriers. These abnormal heating can under certain conditions reduce the thickness of the synthetic insulation.
  • the invention makes it possible to produce an insulated cable for transporting energy without excessive safety margin.
  • the cable according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises, embedded in this cable and over its entire length, at least one fiber optic sensitive to variation in temperature and / or humidity, and which can be connected, at at least one end of the cable, to means for detecting or measuring temperature and / or humidity or of its variation.
  • the transmission coefficient of light in an optical fiber the bandwidth of this transmitted light as well as the refractive index of the material constituting the optical fiber being a function of temperature, excessive heating thus causes a detectable variation of said transmission coefficient , bandwidth and possibly the refractive index and this variation can be used to trigger an alarm.
  • Such a cable can thus be continuously monitored and repairs can be carried out before the occurrence of an incident causing a power failure.
  • the optical fiber (s) is (are) available between a semiconductor screen surrounding the insulation and a metallic screen, in particular aluminum, which is itself surrounded by the external insulating protective sheath.
  • a water-swelling element in particular in the form of a ribbon, is placed around the semiconductor and the optical fiber is along this element under the screen.
  • the screen metallic that is to say made up of longitudinal wires and a metal sheath or strip, for example aluminum, around these screen wires
  • the optical fiber (s) is (are) arranged in the vicinity of the screen wires.
  • the cable (FIGS. 1 and 2) comprises a central conductor 1, intended for transporting electrical energy, surrounded by a "semiconductor" layer 2.
  • This layer 2 is itself surrounded by an envelope 3 made of a synthetic insulator around which is placed a layer 4 also "semiconductor".
  • this semiconductor layer 4 is wound a ribbon 5 made of a swelling material when it comes into contact with water.
  • the mixed metallic screen made up of conductive wires 6 disposed parallel to the axis of the cable and an aluminum sheath 7 surrounding the wires 6 is disposed.
  • light conductors 9 and 10 such as optical fibers, which extend, like the conductive wires 6, over the entire length of the cable and which, at the ends of the latter, are connected to detection or alarm means (not shown).
  • Fiber 9 is intended to detect excessive heating of the cable.
  • a light emitter and at the other end a sensor (not shown) making it possible to detect variations in the transmission coefficient and / or the bandwidth of the light received and to trigger an alarm in detection of excessive variation.
  • the detection means are, for example, of the type described in French patent 2,400,193.
  • the purpose of the optical fiber 10 is to allow the detection of humidity at a determined location of the cable.
  • its ends are connected to means, such as those described in US Pat. No. 4,163,397, for measuring variations in the light transmitted from one end to the other of the fiber, and which make it possible to detect a stress , pressure or slight movement of the fiber.
  • water represented by the arrow 11 in FIG. 2
  • the part 12 of this ribbon thus subjected to humidity swells, while the adjacent parts 13 keep their initial volume . This results in a deformation of the fiber 10 which can be detected as indicated above.
  • a laser transmitter 20 produces a light beam 21 which is directed at one end of the cable towards the optical fiber 9 or 10.
  • the inevitable microscopic defects of the fiber cause backscattering of the light which is detected by a light receiver 22 arranged on the same side, that is to say at the same end of the cable 23, as the transmitter 20.
  • the time t is plotted on the abscissa and the ordinate the light power P backscattered and detected by the receiver 22.
  • the curve 24 is the response to a light pulse 21.
  • This curve 24 has a decrease d exponential pace.
  • the beginning of this curve, near the origin 0, cor responds to the light backscattered by the part of the fiber which is close to the emitter 21 while the end of this curve (large abscissa) corresponds to the light backscattered by the part of the fiber which is distant from the emitter 20
  • each point of the curve 24 corresponds to a determined location, or abscissa, of the cable.
  • This assembly comprises an additional optical fiber 30 of the same length as the optical fiber contained in the cable 23 but arranged so as to be less exposed than this cable, that is to say that it does not risk being heated or to be attacked by humidity like said cable.
  • a laser emitter 20 is provided, the radiation of which is separated into two parts by a device 31, such as a semi-reflecting plate, so that one part reaches one end of the cable 23 and the other the adjacent end of the fiber 30 is part.
  • a coupling device 32 which can also be a semi-reflecting plate, making it possible to return the beams to the same detector 33 light transmitted, on the one hand, by the optical fiber in the cable 23 and, on the other hand, by the fiber 30.
  • the assembly associated with the detector 33 provides a signal of maximum amplitude if the cable has no defect.
  • the signal received by the detector 33 is attenuated due to the phase difference between the light signals transmitted by the two fibers. It is this attenuation that is used to detect faults in the cable.

Landscapes

  • Communication Cables (AREA)
  • Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
EP83401262A 1982-06-29 1983-06-17 Câble isolé pour le transport d'énergie électrique notamment à haute tension, et dispositif de détection de défauts dans un tel câble Ceased EP0100694A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8211396A FR2529373A1 (fr) 1982-06-29 1982-06-29 Cable isole pour le transport d'energie electrique notamment a haute tension
FR8211396 1982-06-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0100694A1 true EP0100694A1 (fr) 1984-02-15

Family

ID=9275511

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83401262A Ceased EP0100694A1 (fr) 1982-06-29 1983-06-17 Câble isolé pour le transport d'énergie électrique notamment à haute tension, et dispositif de détection de défauts dans un tel câble

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0100694A1 (https=)
JP (1) JPS5973812A (https=)
FI (1) FI832315L (https=)
FR (1) FR2529373A1 (https=)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3511085A1 (de) * 1984-04-10 1985-10-17 Felten & Guilleaume Energietechnik GmbH, 5000 Köln 20 kv-seekabel mit eingelegten nachrichtenleitungen
DE3518909A1 (de) * 1985-05-25 1986-11-27 Felten & Guilleaume Energie Starkstromkabel, insbesondere fuer spannungen von 6 bis 60 kv, mit eingelegten lichtwellenleitern
FR2687830A1 (fr) * 1992-02-26 1993-08-27 Cortaillod Cables Sa Cable de transport d'energie a moyenne et haute tension avec detection de depassement de temperature et utilisation d'un tel cable.
DE4434618A1 (de) * 1994-09-28 1996-04-04 Norddeutsche Seekabelwerke Ag Seekabel
EP0666576A3 (de) * 1994-02-03 1996-10-30 Alcatel Kabel Ag Energiekabel.
DE10007908A1 (de) * 2000-02-21 2001-08-30 Peter Lancier Maschb Hafenhuet Feuchtesensor zur Erkennung von Feuchtigkeitsbelastungen von Lichtwellenleiterfasern
DE19520826B4 (de) * 1995-05-30 2006-09-14 Pirelli Cavi E Sistemi S.P.A. Geschirmtes Starkstromkabel mit Temperatur- und Wassersensor
DE102020111190A1 (de) 2020-04-24 2021-10-28 Rwe Renewables Gmbh Kabel, System mit einem Kabel und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines solchen Systems
CN120028648A (zh) * 2025-04-24 2025-05-23 福州安蒲特电气有限公司 一种基于大数据电缆系统故障分析方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2770096B2 (ja) * 1991-12-28 1998-06-25 株式会社フジクラ 光ファイバ複合電力ケーブル

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2315752A1 (fr) * 1975-06-24 1977-01-21 Babled Frederic Cable auto-protege et montage de securite en comportant application
DE2931534A1 (de) * 1979-08-03 1981-02-19 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Einrichtung zur ueberwachung von signaluebertragungsleitungen
DE2940193A1 (de) * 1979-10-04 1981-04-09 Felten & Guilleaume Carlswerk AG, 5000 Köln Laengswasserdichtes, kunststoffisoliertes starkstromkabel, insbesondere mittel- oder hochspannungskabel
FR2469783A1 (fr) * 1979-11-14 1981-05-22 Jeumont Schneider Dispositif de detection d'un defaut d'etancheite d'un cable electrique

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2315752A1 (fr) * 1975-06-24 1977-01-21 Babled Frederic Cable auto-protege et montage de securite en comportant application
DE2931534A1 (de) * 1979-08-03 1981-02-19 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Einrichtung zur ueberwachung von signaluebertragungsleitungen
DE2940193A1 (de) * 1979-10-04 1981-04-09 Felten & Guilleaume Carlswerk AG, 5000 Köln Laengswasserdichtes, kunststoffisoliertes starkstromkabel, insbesondere mittel- oder hochspannungskabel
FR2469783A1 (fr) * 1979-11-14 1981-05-22 Jeumont Schneider Dispositif de detection d'un defaut d'etancheite d'un cable electrique

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3511085A1 (de) * 1984-04-10 1985-10-17 Felten & Guilleaume Energietechnik GmbH, 5000 Köln 20 kv-seekabel mit eingelegten nachrichtenleitungen
DE3518909A1 (de) * 1985-05-25 1986-11-27 Felten & Guilleaume Energie Starkstromkabel, insbesondere fuer spannungen von 6 bis 60 kv, mit eingelegten lichtwellenleitern
EP0203249A3 (en) * 1985-05-25 1988-10-05 Felten & Guilleaume Energietechnik Gmbh Power cable, especially for tensions of 6 to 60 kv, incorporating light conductors
FR2687830A1 (fr) * 1992-02-26 1993-08-27 Cortaillod Cables Sa Cable de transport d'energie a moyenne et haute tension avec detection de depassement de temperature et utilisation d'un tel cable.
EP0666576A3 (de) * 1994-02-03 1996-10-30 Alcatel Kabel Ag Energiekabel.
DE4434618A1 (de) * 1994-09-28 1996-04-04 Norddeutsche Seekabelwerke Ag Seekabel
DE19520826B4 (de) * 1995-05-30 2006-09-14 Pirelli Cavi E Sistemi S.P.A. Geschirmtes Starkstromkabel mit Temperatur- und Wassersensor
DE10007908A1 (de) * 2000-02-21 2001-08-30 Peter Lancier Maschb Hafenhuet Feuchtesensor zur Erkennung von Feuchtigkeitsbelastungen von Lichtwellenleiterfasern
DE102020111190A1 (de) 2020-04-24 2021-10-28 Rwe Renewables Gmbh Kabel, System mit einem Kabel und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines solchen Systems
CN120028648A (zh) * 2025-04-24 2025-05-23 福州安蒲特电气有限公司 一种基于大数据电缆系统故障分析方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5973812A (ja) 1984-04-26
FR2529373B1 (https=) 1985-01-25
FI832315A0 (fi) 1983-06-23
FR2529373A1 (fr) 1983-12-30
FI832315A7 (fi) 1983-12-30
FI832315L (fi) 1983-12-30

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PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

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Effective date: 19840224

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Effective date: 19851201

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Inventor name: BARDOUX, VALENTIN