EP0099383B1 - Furnace for preheating elongate materials - Google Patents

Furnace for preheating elongate materials Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0099383B1
EP0099383B1 EP83900423A EP83900423A EP0099383B1 EP 0099383 B1 EP0099383 B1 EP 0099383B1 EP 83900423 A EP83900423 A EP 83900423A EP 83900423 A EP83900423 A EP 83900423A EP 0099383 B1 EP0099383 B1 EP 0099383B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hearth
tunnel
furnace
preheating furnace
shells
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EP83900423A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0099383A1 (en
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Friedrich Wilhelm Elhaus
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0075—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rods of limited length

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heating furnace for elongated goods, such as rods, blocks, bars or the like, made of metal, in particular aluminum or aluminum alloys, with a hearth tunnel formed from continuous or segment-wise refractory, thin-walled hearth shells, the heating elements penetrating through the shell walls, such as burners , Hot gas nozzles or the like, can be heated, which are directed towards the goods which can be transported longitudinally into the hearth tunnel for direct loading thereof, and with an exhaust gas duct arranged in the upper furnace area and running parallel to the hearth tunnel.
  • a heating furnace for elongated goods such as rods, blocks, bars or the like, made of metal, in particular aluminum or aluminum alloys
  • a hearth tunnel formed from continuous or segment-wise refractory, thin-walled hearth shells, the heating elements penetrating through the shell walls, such as burners , Hot gas nozzles or the like, can be heated, which are directed towards the goods which can be transported longitudinally into the hearth tunnel
  • the invention has for its object to provide a heating furnace of the type mentioned in such a way that the energy supplied for heating is used more effectively with a simple, compact construction.
  • the hearth tunnel protrudes “integrated” into the exhaust gas duct which has thermal insulation.
  • the heat insulation of the exhaust gas duct covers the hearth shells of the hearth tunnel from the outside at least in their central area, so that the lower areas of the hearth shells remain free for assembly and maintenance purposes.
  • the invention achieves considerably improved energy utilization can be attributed to the fact that the exhaust gas is transferred from the hearth tunnel to the exhaust gas duct without any heat loss, for example via the upper gap between the vertically standing cooker shell halves. Due to the construction according to the invention, the middle and upper area of the hearth tunnel is through the exhaust duct itself, i. H. sufficient thermal insulation without any additional measures. Thermal insulation of the lower area of the hearth tunnel has been deliberately avoided in favor of better accessibility for assembly and maintenance purposes. According to the inventor's knowledge, the losses of radiant heat in the lower areas of the cooker shells are relatively small. The omission of thermal insulation in these lower areas is very advantageous because there remains space for the accommodation and accessibility of units such as burners, support frames for the cooker trays and the conveying device for the material to be heated.
  • the insulating parts can protrude vertically from the support parts or nestle against the upper areas of the hob shells.
  • thermo insulation is supported by support parts fixedly attached to a support frame of the oven and has removable insulating parts arranged above it, of which the lower support and insulate the hearth shells laterally.
  • the burners of the upper rows of burners penetrate removable insulating parts, while the burners of the lower rows of burners in the lower, non-heat-insulated area of the hearth shells are provided, and that each insulating part penetrated by burners has the same length as corresponding segments of the hearth shells.
  • the hot exhaust gas is passed from the exhaust duct into a preheating zone of the preheating furnace or another furnace for preheating the material (DE-OS 2637646), which ensures particularly economical fuel utilization.
  • a furnace group is advantageous in which the preheating furnace, with its exhaust gases, heats an upstream preheating furnace, which guides the exhaust gas via at least one fan to at least one row of slot nozzles arranged along the material and directs it to the material.
  • the construction according to the invention is particularly advantageous if the furnace space of the heating furnace is divided into several heating and control zones which are connected via the common flue gas duct. If individual zones are switched off when the target temperature is reached, they are not affected by the remaining zones despite the connection via the exhaust gas duct; the flue gases only flow longitudinally in the upper area in the common flue gas duct, advantageously in a preheating zone or for preheating the material in an upstream preheating furnace, in this way in a furnace group comprising the preheating furnace and the preheating furnace connected in series make optimal use of the heat content of the fuel.
  • the heating furnaces shown have a support frame 10 made of a steel structure.
  • the hearth shells 14 are pivotally mounted on support rails 16 in their lower region and are held in position by spacers 17.
  • only one burner row with premix burners 18 arranged in longitudinal rows perpendicular to the plane of the drawing are provided per hearth bowl row 14.
  • the burners 18 have burner nozzles 20 which protrude through openings 21 of the hearth shells into the cylindrical hearth tunnel 15 and act directly on the material.
  • the burners 18 are arranged in such a way that when the material 1 of different diameters is warmed up, good utilization of the surface for heat transfer and a rotationally symmetrical temperature distribution over the cross section of the material is achieved.
  • the burner nozzles 20 are adjusted in their output so that the desired temperature distribution is generated.
  • hot gas nozzles can also be provided for heating, which, for example, act on the material 1 with hot air, which can be heated electrically in a known manner.
  • the exhaust gases leave the hearth space 15 upwards through a longitudinal gap 30 formed by the hearth shell halves 14 at the spacers 17, from which they pass directly into an exhaust gas duct 32. From this, the exhaust gas is conveyed into a preheating zone, not shown, for the material 1 upstream of the preheating furnace, for. B. sucked by means of fans, not shown.
  • the exhaust gas duct has thermal insulation, the lower insulating parts 54 of which extend over the entire length of the furnace, leave a gap for the hearth tunnel 15 and lie against the middle regions of the hearth shells 14 from the outside.
  • the lower insulating parts 54 are supported by supports 52, which are fixedly attached to the support frame 10.
  • the main or upper section of the exhaust duct 32 is formed by two vertical insulating parts 56 and an upper insulating part 58 integral therewith.
  • the insulating parts 56, 58 of the upper part also extend over the entire length of the furnace.
  • the main section 56, 58 can thus be removed as a whole.
  • the hearth shells 14 are then held laterally by the lower insulating parts 54, but after removal of the spacers 17, they can be removed individually by gently pivoting inward about the respective pivot point on the mounting rails 16 for replacement.
  • the heat insulation has e.g. B. two layers, of which the inner consists of heat insulating, but poorly storing ceramic fibers, while the outer layer, which is in the range of lower temperatures, consists of mineral fibers.
  • FIG. 2 differs from that according to FIG. 1 only in that in addition to the lower burner row 18, an upper burner row 19 is provided for each range of stoves.
  • An adjustable throttle valve 24 is arranged in the fuel feed line 23 in order to adjust the upper burners relative to the lower burners.
  • the additional upper burner rows require the interposition of vertical insulating parts 59, which are segmented into segments according to the stoves 14, between the lower insulating parts 54, which extend over the entire length of the furnace, and the main or upper part of the exhaust gas duct 32, the insulating parts 60, 62, 64 of which in turn form a coherent part , consistently form a removable piece.
  • the piece 60, 62, 64 must be lifted off to replace the cooker bowls.
  • the corresponding insulating parts 59 must be removed so that the associated hearth shells 14 can be replaced after removing the spacers 17 as in the embodiment according to FIG. 1.
  • the somewhat more complicated structure in comparison with FIG. 1 is the price for the higher uniformity of the heating of the material achieved.
  • Fig. 3 shows in the right half a side view of a preheating furnace designated here at 90 according to Fig. 1 or Fig. 2 and in the left half a pre-preheating furnace which is heated by the exhaust gases of the heating furnace.
  • the exhaust duct 32 opens out via an opening 33 in the right end wall 34 in FIG.
  • the furnace chamber which is connected to the exhaust duct 32 via the opening 33 and is protected by thermal insulation 42 similar to that of the heating furnace 90, several circulation zones, e.g. B. two circulation zones 47, 48 each with a fan 43 which suck the exhaust gas in the direction of arrows F in Fig.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)

Abstract

Furnace for preheating elongate materials, particularly rods, bars or the like of a light alloy, having a tunnel-shaped hearth (15) comprised of concave bed plates (14) wherein the material (1) to be preheated is introduced. At least on their mean portion, the concave bed plates are covered with a heat insulation which comprises removable insulating portions (54, 56). The insulating portions (54, 56) are bent upwardly above the concave bed plates (14) and form an exhaust channel (32) wherein the tunnel-shaped hearth is integrated. A thermal insulation of the preheating furnace easy to assemble and disassemble is obtained, thereby substantially improving the utilization of the heating energy.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Anwärmofen für langgestrecktes Gut, wie Stangen, Blöcke, Barren oder dgl., aus Metall, insbesondere Aluminium oder Aluminiumlegierungen, mit einem aus durchgehenden oder segmentweise aneinandergefügten feuerfesten, dünnwandigen Herdschalen gebildeten Herdtunnel, der über die Schalenwandungen durchsetzende Heizelemente, wie Brenner, Heissgasdüsen oder dgl., beheizbar ist, welche auf das in den Herdtunnel längsgerichtet transportierbare Gut zu dessen direkten Beaufschlagung gerichtet sind sowie mit einem im oberen Ofenbereich angeordneten, parallel zum Herdtunnel verlaufenden Abgaskanal.The invention relates to a heating furnace for elongated goods, such as rods, blocks, bars or the like, made of metal, in particular aluminum or aluminum alloys, with a hearth tunnel formed from continuous or segment-wise refractory, thin-walled hearth shells, the heating elements penetrating through the shell walls, such as burners , Hot gas nozzles or the like, can be heated, which are directed towards the goods which can be transported longitudinally into the hearth tunnel for direct loading thereof, and with an exhaust gas duct arranged in the upper furnace area and running parallel to the hearth tunnel.

Bei einem bekannten Ofen dieser Art (DE-PS 1807504) sind die dünnwandigen Herdschalen ohne Wärmeisolation in die Ofenkonstruktion eingesetzt. Dies führt zu Wärmeverlusten insbesondere durch Abstrahlung der Aussenwände der Herdschalen. Das Abgas wird über einen Spalt oben im Herdtunnel in den Abgaskanal abgesaugt. Bei dem Weg des Gases zwischen Herdtunnel und Abgaskanal geht Wärme verloren. Deshalb ist der Wirkungsgrad des bekannten Ofens niedrig. Zudem ist die bekannte Konstruktion aufgrund der getrennten Anordnung des Abgaskanals oberhalb des Herdtunnels kompliziert und baut hoch.In a known furnace of this type (DE-PS 1807504), the thin-walled cooker shells are inserted into the furnace structure without thermal insulation. This leads to heat losses, in particular due to radiation from the outer walls of the cooker pans. The exhaust gas is extracted into the exhaust duct through a gap at the top of the hearth tunnel. Heat is lost when the gas travels between the hearth tunnel and the exhaust duct. Therefore, the efficiency of the known furnace is low. In addition, the known construction is complicated and tall due to the separate arrangement of the exhaust gas duct above the hearth tunnel.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Anwärmofen der eingangs genannten Art so auszubilden, dass die zum Heizen zugeführte Energie bei einfacher, kompakter Konstruktion effektvoller ausgenutzt wird.The invention has for its object to provide a heating furnace of the type mentioned in such a way that the energy supplied for heating is used more effectively with a simple, compact construction.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist bei einem Anwärmofen der eingangs genannten Art erfindungsgemäss vorgesehen, dass der Herdtunnel in den eine Wärmeisolierung aufweisenden Abgaskanal hineinragt «integriert» ist. Vorzugsweise deckt dabei die Wärmeisolierung des Abgaskanals die Herdschalen des Herdtunnels mindestens in ihrem mittleren Bereich von aussen ab, so dass die unteren Bereiche der Herdschalen zu Montage- und Wartungszwecken frei bleiben.In order to achieve this object, it is provided according to the invention in a heating furnace of the type mentioned at the outset that the hearth tunnel protrudes “integrated” into the exhaust gas duct which has thermal insulation. Preferably, the heat insulation of the exhaust gas duct covers the hearth shells of the hearth tunnel from the outside at least in their central area, so that the lower areas of the hearth shells remain free for assembly and maintenance purposes.

Dass mit der Erfindung eine erheblich verbesserte Energieausnutzung erreicht wird, ist auf die Tatsache zurückzuführen, dass das Abgas ohne jede Wärmeverluste aus dem Herdtunnel, beispielsweise über den oberen Spalt zwischen den vertikal stehenden Herdschalenhälften, in den Abgaskanal überführt wird. Aufgrund der erfindungsgemässen Konstruktion ist der mittlere und obere Bereich des Herdtunnels durch den Abgaskanal selbst, d. h. ohne jegliche zusätzlichen Massnahmen, ausreichend wärmeisoliert. Auf eine Wärmeisolierung des unteren Bereiches des Herdtunnels ist dabei bewusst zugunsten besserer Zugänglichkeit zu Montage- und Wartungszwecken verzichtet. Nach Erkenntnissen des Erfinders sind die Verluste an abstrahlender Wärme in den unteren Bereichen der Herdschalen verhältnismässig gering. Das Weglassen einer Wärmeisolierung in diesen unteren Bereichen ist sehr vorteilhaft, weil Raum für die Aufnahme und Zugänglichkeit von Aggregaten, wie Brenner, Stützgestell für die Herdschalen, und die Fördervorrichtung für das anzuwärmende Gut verbleibt.The fact that the invention achieves considerably improved energy utilization can be attributed to the fact that the exhaust gas is transferred from the hearth tunnel to the exhaust gas duct without any heat loss, for example via the upper gap between the vertically standing cooker shell halves. Due to the construction according to the invention, the middle and upper area of the hearth tunnel is through the exhaust duct itself, i. H. sufficient thermal insulation without any additional measures. Thermal insulation of the lower area of the hearth tunnel has been deliberately avoided in favor of better accessibility for assembly and maintenance purposes. According to the inventor's knowledge, the losses of radiant heat in the lower areas of the cooker shells are relatively small. The omission of thermal insulation in these lower areas is very advantageous because there remains space for the accommodation and accessibility of units such as burners, support frames for the cooker trays and the conveying device for the material to be heated.

Die Isolierteile können vertikal von den Abstützteilen nach oben ragen oder sich an die oberen Bereiche der Herdschalen anschmiegen.The insulating parts can protrude vertically from the support parts or nestle against the upper areas of the hob shells.

Eine hinsichtlich einer einfachen Montage und Demontage besonders vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der Erfindung kennzeichnet sich dadurch, dass die Wärmeisolierung von an einem Stützgestell des Ofens ortsfest angebrachten Abstützteilen unterstützt ist und darüber angeordnete, wegnehmbare Isolierteile aufweist, von denen die unteren die Herdschalen seitlich abstützen und isolieren.A particularly advantageous further development of the invention in terms of simple assembly and disassembly is characterized in that the thermal insulation is supported by support parts fixedly attached to a support frame of the oven and has removable insulating parts arranged above it, of which the lower support and insulate the hearth shells laterally.

Gemäss einer bevorzugten Ausführung der Erfindung, bei der untere und obere Brennerreihen über den Umfang des Herdtunnels verteilt angeordnet sind, ist hierbei vorgesehen, dass die Brenner der oberen Brennerreihen wegnehmbare Isolierteile durchsetzen, während die Brenner der unteren Brennerreihen im unteren, nicht wärmeisolierten Bereich der Herdschalen vorgesehen sind, und dass jedes von Brennern durchsetzte Isolierteil gleiche Länge wie entsprechende Segmente der Herdschalen hat.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, in which the lower and upper rows of burners are arranged distributed over the circumference of the hearth tunnel, it is provided here that the burners of the upper rows of burners penetrate removable insulating parts, while the burners of the lower rows of burners in the lower, non-heat-insulated area of the hearth shells are provided, and that each insulating part penetrated by burners has the same length as corresponding segments of the hearth shells.

Sind nur untere Brennerreihen erforderlich, so ist gemäss einer anderen Weiterbildung der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass sämtliche Brennerreihen unterhalb der Wärmeisolierung in den Herdtunnel münden und dass der Abgaskanal als entfernbare Montageeinheit ausgebildet ist. Diese Ausführung ist hinsichtlich einer einfachen Montage Wartung bzw. Austausch der Herdschalen besonders günstig, denn der Abgaskanal kann als Ganzes entfernt werden, so dass ein Austausch der oder einzelner Herdschalen leicht möglich ist.If only lower burner rows are required, it is provided according to another development of the invention that all burner rows open into the hearth tunnel below the heat insulation and that the exhaust duct is designed as a removable assembly unit. This version is particularly inexpensive in terms of simple installation, maintenance or replacement of the hearth shells, because the exhaust duct can be removed as a whole, so that an exchange of the individual hearth shells is easily possible.

Bei neueren Anwärmöfen der beschriebenen Bauart wird das heisse Abgas vom Abgaskanal in eine Vorwärmzone des Anwärmofens oder eines weiteren Ofens zum Vorwärmen des Gutes geleitet (DE-OS 2637646), wodurch eine besonders ökonomische Brennstoffverwertung sichergestellt wird. Vorteilhaft ist in diesem Zusammenhang eine Ofengruppe, bei welcher der Anwärmofen mit seinen Abgasen einen vorgeschalteten Vorwärmofen beheizt, der das Abgas über mindestens einen Ventilator zu mindestens einer Reihe von längs dem Gut angeordneten Schlitzdüsen führt und über diese auf das Gut lenkt.In newer preheating furnaces of the type described, the hot exhaust gas is passed from the exhaust duct into a preheating zone of the preheating furnace or another furnace for preheating the material (DE-OS 2637646), which ensures particularly economical fuel utilization. In this context, a furnace group is advantageous in which the preheating furnace, with its exhaust gases, heats an upstream preheating furnace, which guides the exhaust gas via at least one fan to at least one row of slot nozzles arranged along the material and directs it to the material.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist die Konstruktion nach der Erfindung, wenn der Ofenraum des Anwärmofens in mehrere Heiz- und Regelzonen unterteilt ist, die über den gemeinsamen Abgaskanal in Verbindung stehen. Wenn bei Erreichen der Solltemperatur einzelne Zonen ausgeschaltet sind, werden sie durch die übrigen Zonen trotz der Verbindung über den Abgaskanal nicht beeinflusst; die Rauchgase strömen nur im oberen Bereich in dem gemeinsamen Abgaskanal in Längsrichtung ab, und zwar vorteilhaft in eine Vorwärmzone oder zum Vorwärmen des Gutes in einen vorgeschalteten Vorwärmofen, um auf diese Weise in einer Ofengruppe aus dem Vorwärmofen und den in Reihe nachgeschalteten Anwärmofen den Wärmeinhalt des Brennstoffs optimal auszunutzen.The construction according to the invention is particularly advantageous if the furnace space of the heating furnace is divided into several heating and control zones which are connected via the common flue gas duct. If individual zones are switched off when the target temperature is reached, they are not affected by the remaining zones despite the connection via the exhaust gas duct; the flue gases only flow longitudinally in the upper area in the common flue gas duct, advantageously in a preheating zone or for preheating the material in an upstream preheating furnace, in this way in a furnace group comprising the preheating furnace and the preheating furnace connected in series make optimal use of the heat content of the fuel.

Die Erfindung ist im folgenden anhand von Querschnitten durch zwei ausgeführte Anwärmöfen mit weiteren Einzelheiten näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 einen Querschnitt nach der Linie I-I in Fig. 3 durch eine erste Ausführung eines Anwärmofens nach der Erfindung;
  • Fig. 2 einen an gleicher Stelle gelegenen Querschnitt durch eine zweite Ausführung;
  • Fig. 3 eine teilweise geschnittene Seitenansicht durch eine Ofengruppe aus einem Anwärmofen und einem vorgeschalteten Vorwärmofen gemäss einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung, und
  • Fig. 4 einen Schnitt nach der Linie IV-IV in Fig. 3 durch einen Vorwärmofen der Ofengruppe, der einem Anwärmofen nach den Fig. 1 oder 2 vorgeschaltet ist.
The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of cross sections through two preheating furnaces. Show it:
  • 1 shows a cross section along the line II in Figure 3 by a first embodiment of a heating furnace according to the invention.
  • 2 shows a cross section at the same point through a second embodiment;
  • 3 shows a partially sectioned side view through a furnace group comprising a preheating furnace and an upstream preheating furnace according to an embodiment of the invention, and
  • Fig. 4 shows a section along the line IV-IV in Fig. 3 by a preheating furnace of the furnace group, which is connected upstream of a heating furnace according to Fig. 1 or 2.

Die gezeigten Anwärmöfen weisen ein Stützgestell 10 aus einer Stahlkonstruktion auf.The heating furnaces shown have a support frame 10 made of a steel structure.

Im unteren Ofenraum ist eine Doppelstrang-Förderkette 13 mit daran befestigten Tragvorrichtungen 12 für das anzuwärmende Gut 1, wie Stangen oder Barren, vorgesehen, die das Gut intermittierend durch den von halbzylindrischen Herdschalenhälften 14 gebildeten zylindrischen Herdtunnel 15 transportiert. Die Herdschalen 14 sind in ihrem unteren Bereich schwenkbar auf Tragschienen 16 gelagert und werden oben von Abstandhaltern 17 in Position gehalten.In the lower furnace chamber, a double-strand conveyor chain 13 with attached supporting devices 12 for the material 1 to be heated, such as bars or bars, is provided, which intermittently transports the material through the cylindrical oven tunnel 15 formed by half-cylindrical oven shell halves 14. The hearth shells 14 are pivotally mounted on support rails 16 in their lower region and are held in position by spacers 17.

Bei der Ausführung nach Fig. 1 sind je Herdschalenreihe 14 ausschliesslich eine Brennerreihe mit in Längsreihen senkrecht zur Zeichenebene angeordneten Vorgemischbrennern 18 vorgesehen. Die Brenner 18 haben Brennerdüsen 20, die durch Öffnungen 21 der Herdschalen in den zylindrischen Herdtunnel 15 hineinragen und das Gut direkt beaufschlagen. Die Brenner 18 sind derart angeordnet, dass beim Anwärmen des Gutes 1 unterschiedlichen Durchmessers eine gute Ausnutzung der Oberfläche zur Wärmeübertragung und eine rotationssymmetrische Temperaturverteilung über den Querschnitt des Gutes erreicht wird. Dabei sind die Brennerdüsen 20 in ihrer Leistung so eingestellt, dass die gewünschte Temperaturverteilung erzeugt wird.In the embodiment according to FIG. 1, only one burner row with premix burners 18 arranged in longitudinal rows perpendicular to the plane of the drawing are provided per hearth bowl row 14. The burners 18 have burner nozzles 20 which protrude through openings 21 of the hearth shells into the cylindrical hearth tunnel 15 and act directly on the material. The burners 18 are arranged in such a way that when the material 1 of different diameters is warmed up, good utilization of the surface for heat transfer and a rotationally symmetrical temperature distribution over the cross section of the material is achieved. The burner nozzles 20 are adjusted in their output so that the desired temperature distribution is generated.

Anstatt Brennern 18 können auch Heissgasdüsen zur Beheizung vorgesehen sein, die beispielsweise mit Heissluft auf das Gut 1 einwirken, welche in bekannter Weise elektrisch aufheizbar ist.Instead of burners 18, hot gas nozzles can also be provided for heating, which, for example, act on the material 1 with hot air, which can be heated electrically in a known manner.

Die Abgase verlassen den Herdraum 15 nach oben durch einen von den Herdschalenhälften 14 bei den Abstandhaltern 17 gebildeten Längsspalt 30, von welchem sie direkt in einen Abgaskanal 32 gelangen. Von diesem wird das Abgas in eine nicht gezeigte, dem Anwärmofen vorgelagerte Vorwärmzone für das Gut 1 gefördert, z. B. mittels nicht gezeigter Ventilatoren gesaugt. Der Abgaskanal hat eine Wärmeisolierung, deren untere Isolierteile 54 sich über die ganze Ofenlänge erstrekken, eine Lücke für den Herdtunnel 15 lassen und sich von aussen an die mittleren Bereiche der Herdschalen 14 anlegen. Die unteren Isolierteile 54 sind von Trägern 52 unterstützt, welche ortsfest am Stützgestell 10 angebracht sind. Der Haupt-oder Oberabschnitt des Abgaskanals 32 ist von zwei vertikalen Isolierteilen 56 und einem damit einstückigen oberen Isolierteil 58 gebildet.The exhaust gases leave the hearth space 15 upwards through a longitudinal gap 30 formed by the hearth shell halves 14 at the spacers 17, from which they pass directly into an exhaust gas duct 32. From this, the exhaust gas is conveyed into a preheating zone, not shown, for the material 1 upstream of the preheating furnace, for. B. sucked by means of fans, not shown. The exhaust gas duct has thermal insulation, the lower insulating parts 54 of which extend over the entire length of the furnace, leave a gap for the hearth tunnel 15 and lie against the middle regions of the hearth shells 14 from the outside. The lower insulating parts 54 are supported by supports 52, which are fixedly attached to the support frame 10. The main or upper section of the exhaust duct 32 is formed by two vertical insulating parts 56 and an upper insulating part 58 integral therewith.

Bei der Ausführung nach Fig. 1 erstrecken sich die Isolierteile 56, 58 des Oberteils ebenfalls über die ganze Ofenlänge. Der Hauptabschnitt 56, 58 lässt sich somit als Ganzes wegnehmen. Die Herdschalen 14 werden dann noch durch die unteren Isolierteile 54 seitlich gehalten, lassen sich jedoch nach Wegnehmen der Abstandhalter 17 einzeln durch leichtes Schwenken nach innen um den jeweiligen Drehpunkt an den Tragschienen 16 zum Austausch entfernen.1, the insulating parts 56, 58 of the upper part also extend over the entire length of the furnace. The main section 56, 58 can thus be removed as a whole. The hearth shells 14 are then held laterally by the lower insulating parts 54, but after removal of the spacers 17, they can be removed individually by gently pivoting inward about the respective pivot point on the mounting rails 16 for replacement.

Die Wärmeisolierung weist z. B. zwei Schichten auf, von denen die innere aus die Wärme gut isolierenden, aber schlecht speichernden keramischen Fasern besteht, während die äussere Schicht, die im Bereich tieferer Temperaturen liegt, aus Mineralfasern besteht.The heat insulation has e.g. B. two layers, of which the inner consists of heat insulating, but poorly storing ceramic fibers, while the outer layer, which is in the range of lower temperatures, consists of mineral fibers.

Die Ausführung nach Fig. 2 unterscheidet sich von derjenigen nach Fig. 1 nur dadurch, dass je Herdschalenreihe zusätzlich zu der unteren Brennerreihe 18 eine obere Brennerreihe 19 vorgesehen ist. Zur Einstellung der oberen Brenner gegenüber den unteren Brennern ist in der Brennstoffzuleitung 23 ein einstellbares Drosselventil 24 angeordnet.The embodiment according to FIG. 2 differs from that according to FIG. 1 only in that in addition to the lower burner row 18, an upper burner row 19 is provided for each range of stoves. An adjustable throttle valve 24 is arranged in the fuel feed line 23 in order to adjust the upper burners relative to the lower burners.

Die zusätzlichen oberen Brennerreihen bedingen eine Zwischenfügung von entsprechend den Herdschalen 14 in Segmente unterteilten vertikalen Isolierteilen 59 zwischen die unteren, über die ganze Ofenlänge sich erstreckenden Isolierteile 54 und den Haupt- oder Oberteil des Abgaskanals 32, dessen Isolierteile 60, 62, 64 wiederum ein zusammenhängendes, einheitlich als Ganzes wegnehmbares Stück bilden. Zum Austausch von Herdschalen muss das Stück 60, 62, 64 abgehoben werden. Dann müssen die entsprechenden Isolierteile 59 entfernt werden, so dass die zugehörigen Herdschalen 14 nach Entfernen der Abstandhalter 17 wie bei der Ausführung nach Fig. 1 ausgewechselt werden können. Der im Vergleich zu Fig. 1 etwas kompliziertere Aufbau ist der Preis für die höhere Gleichmässigkeit der erzielten Durchwärmung des Gutes.The additional upper burner rows require the interposition of vertical insulating parts 59, which are segmented into segments according to the stoves 14, between the lower insulating parts 54, which extend over the entire length of the furnace, and the main or upper part of the exhaust gas duct 32, the insulating parts 60, 62, 64 of which in turn form a coherent part , consistently form a removable piece. The piece 60, 62, 64 must be lifted off to replace the cooker bowls. Then the corresponding insulating parts 59 must be removed so that the associated hearth shells 14 can be replaced after removing the spacers 17 as in the embodiment according to FIG. 1. The somewhat more complicated structure in comparison with FIG. 1 is the price for the higher uniformity of the heating of the material achieved.

Fig. 3 zeigt in der rechten Hälfte eine Seitenansicht eines hier mit 90 bezeichneten Anwärmofens nach Fig. 1 oder Fig. 2 und in der linken Hälfte einen vorgeschalteten Vorwärmofen, der durch die Abgase des Anwärmofens beheizt wird. Zu diesem Zweck mündet der Abgaskanal 32 über eine Öffnung 33 in der in Fig. 3 rechten Stirnwand 34 des insgesamt mit dem Bezugszeichen 40 bezeichneten Vorwärmofens, der detaillierter in Fig. 4 gezeigt ist. Im Ofenraum, der über die Öffnung 33 mit dem Abgaskanal 32 in Verbindung steht und durch eine Wärmeisolierung 42 ähnlich derjenigen des Anwärmofens 90 geschützt ist, sind hintereinander mehrere Umwälzzonen, z. B. zwei Umwälzzonen 47, 48 mit je einem Ventilator 43 angeordnet, welche das Abgas in Richtung der Pfeile F in Fig. 3 aus dem Abgaskanal 32 in den Ofenraum saugen und von dort über zwei Reihen von Schlitzdüsen 44 auf das Gut 1 lenken, die beidseitig auf das Gut 1 hin konvergierend angeordnet sind. Das Gut 1 wird durch Behandlungsräume 45 jeder Umwälzzone 4 mittels der Doppelstrang-Förderkette 13 in Transportrichtung T gefördert, die beide Öfen 40, 90 durchsetzt. Anschliessend wird das Abgas aus den Behandlungsräumen 45 mittels der Ventilatoren 43 abgesaugt und erneut zirkuliert bzw. durch einen Abzug 46 abgegeben.Fig. 3 shows in the right half a side view of a preheating furnace designated here at 90 according to Fig. 1 or Fig. 2 and in the left half a pre-preheating furnace which is heated by the exhaust gases of the heating furnace. For this purpose, the exhaust duct 32 opens out via an opening 33 in the right end wall 34 in FIG. In the furnace chamber, which is connected to the exhaust duct 32 via the opening 33 and is protected by thermal insulation 42 similar to that of the heating furnace 90, several circulation zones, e.g. B. two circulation zones 47, 48 each with a fan 43 which suck the exhaust gas in the direction of arrows F in Fig. 3 from the exhaust duct 32 into the furnace chamber and from there via two rows of slot nozzles 44 to the good 1, the are arranged converging on both sides towards the good 1. The material 1 is conveyed through treatment rooms 45 of each circulation zone 4 by means of the double-strand conveyor chain 13 in the transport direction T, which passes through both ovens 40, 90. The exhaust gas is then sucked out of the treatment rooms 45 by means of the fans 43 and circulated again or discharged through a discharge 46.

In den von rechts nach links in Fig. 3 aufeinanderfolgenden Umwälzzonen 47, 48 bilden sich in Richtung entgegen der Transportrichtung T abnehmende Temperaturen aus. Durch diese kaskadenartige Abgasführung entsteht eine kontrollierbare Beaufschlagung in jeder Umwälzzone, wobei der Wärmeinhalt des Abgases optimal genutzt wird. Die Ofengruppe nach den Fig. 3 und 4 zeichnet sich also durch besondere Wirtschaftlichkeit, d. h. besonders niedrigen Brennstoffverbrauch aus.In the successive circulation zones 47, 48 from right to left in FIG. 3, decreasing temperatures form in the direction opposite to the transport direction T. This cascade-like exhaust gas routing creates a controllable admission in every circulation zone, whereby the heat content of the exhaust gas is used optimally. 3 and 4 is characterized by particular economy, d. H. particularly low fuel consumption.

Claims (8)

1. A preheating furnace for elongate material such as bars, blocks, ingots or the like, of metal, more particularly aluminium or aluminium alloys, comprising a hearth tunnel formed from continuous or segmentally assembled refractory thin-walled hearth shells, the said tunnel being heatable by means of heater elements which extend through the shell walls and which, for direct action on the said material, are directed on to the material longitudinally transportable into the tunnel, and also comprising a flue gas duct which extends in parallel relationship to the hearth tunnel and which is disposed in the top region of the furnace, characterised in that the hearth tunnel (15) projects into the flue gas duct (32), which latter has a thermal insulation (40; 50).
2. A preheating furnace according to claim 1, characterised in that the thermal insulation of the flue gas duct (32) externally covers the hearth shells (14) of the hearth tunnel (15) at least in their middle zone.
3. A preheating furnace according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the thermal insulation is supported by support members (52) fixed on a furnace support frame (10) and comprises removable insulating parts (54, 56, 58, 59, 60, 62, 64) disposed above the same, the bottom parts (54) laterally supporting and insulating the hearth shells (14).
4. A preheating furnace according to claim 3, characterised in that the bottom insulating parts (54) resting on the support parts (52) are constructed and adapted to be installed separately from the other insulating parts (56, 58; 59, 60, 62, 64) forming the flue gas duct.
5. A preheating furnace according to claim 3 or 4, in which the bottom and top burner rows are distributed over the periphery of the hearth tunnel, characterised in that the burners (19) of the top rows extend through removable insulating parts (59) while the burners of the bottom rows (18) are provided in the lower non-thermally insulated zone of the hearth shells, and in that each insulating part (59) through which burners (19) extend has the same length as corresponding segments (14) of the hearth shells.
6. A preheating furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that all the burner rows lead into the hearth tunnel (15) beneath the thermal insulation and in that the flue gas duct (32) is constructed as a removable assembly unit.
7. A preheating furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the thermal insulation has on the inside at least one layer of ceramic fibres and on the outside at least one layer of mineral fibres.
8. A furnace group comprising a preheating furnace the flue gases of which heat a preceding recuperative furnace which passes the flue gas via at least one fan to at least one row of slotted nozzles disposed along the material and directs the said gas on to the material via said nozzles, characterised in that the flue gas duct (32) of a preheating furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is disposed substantially in line with that chamber of the recuperative furnace (40) which contains the fan (43) and which is also protected by a thermal insulation (42) and leads into said chamber (41) at the end face (at 33).
EP83900423A 1982-02-02 1983-02-01 Furnace for preheating elongate materials Expired EP0099383B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83900423T ATE20280T1 (en) 1982-02-02 1983-02-01 PREHEATING FURNACE FOR EXTENDED GOOD.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3203433A DE3203433C2 (en) 1982-02-02 1982-02-02 Heating furnace for elongated goods
DE3203433 1982-02-02

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EP0099383A1 EP0099383A1 (en) 1984-02-01
EP0099383B1 true EP0099383B1 (en) 1986-06-04

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US (1) US4541799A (en)
EP (1) EP0099383B1 (en)
AU (1) AU556135B2 (en)
CA (1) CA1202174A (en)
DE (2) DE3203433C2 (en)
WO (1) WO1983002661A1 (en)

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DE19943354C1 (en) * 1999-09-10 2001-05-23 Carl Kramer Heat treating homogenized cooled cast light metal slugs or rod, comprises reheating, and subjecting to passive temperature compensation to lead to specified temperature uniformity
EP1300484B1 (en) * 1999-09-10 2006-07-12 Kramer, Carl, Prof.Dr.-Ing. Method for the heat treatmant of metallic slugs
GB0127420D0 (en) * 2001-11-15 2002-01-09 Furnace Construction Co Ltd Incineration apparatus
DE102004020206A1 (en) * 2004-04-22 2005-11-10 Expert Engineering Gmbh Process for treating continuous casting rods or continuous casting bolts
DE102006028712B4 (en) * 2006-06-20 2012-02-02 Otto Junker Gmbh Billet heating furnace and method of billet heating
DE102007062551B4 (en) * 2007-12-20 2012-02-23 Otto Junker Gmbh Apparatus and method for heating metal bolts
EP2398603A1 (en) * 2009-02-23 2011-12-28 Extrutec GmbH Pre-heating device for objects, in particular aluminum extrusions, rods or bolts and a system having said pre-heating device
DE202011101167U1 (en) * 2011-04-06 2011-07-06 Otto Junker GmbH, 52152 Device for heating metal bolts
ITMI20110848A1 (en) * 2011-05-13 2012-11-14 Danieli Off Mecc APPARATUS FOR HEAT TREATMENT IN LINE OF METALLURGICAL SEMI-FINISHED PRODUCTS
FR3018344B1 (en) * 2014-03-04 2016-04-29 Cockerill Maintenance & Ingenierie Sa INDUSTRIAL OVEN FOR HEATING PRODUCTS SUCH AS STEEL PRODUCTS
EP3177746A1 (en) * 2014-08-08 2017-06-14 I.C.M.I. S.r.l. Heating furnace for metal bars
CN105318715B (en) * 2015-10-30 2017-12-19 重庆丰银包装材料有限公司 Building block system continuous-type furnace

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU1696083A (en) 1985-01-24
WO1983002661A1 (en) 1983-08-04
CA1202174A (en) 1986-03-25
DE3363853D1 (en) 1986-07-10
US4541799A (en) 1985-09-17
EP0099383A1 (en) 1984-02-01
DE3203433A1 (en) 1983-08-25
DE3203433C2 (en) 1984-08-09
AU556135B2 (en) 1986-10-23

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