EP0098554A1 - Method and device for automatically demanding signal measure values and signal identification in an alarm installation - Google Patents

Method and device for automatically demanding signal measure values and signal identification in an alarm installation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0098554A1
EP0098554A1 EP83106448A EP83106448A EP0098554A1 EP 0098554 A1 EP0098554 A1 EP 0098554A1 EP 83106448 A EP83106448 A EP 83106448A EP 83106448 A EP83106448 A EP 83106448A EP 0098554 A1 EP0098554 A1 EP 0098554A1
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Prior art keywords
detector
signal
current pulse
additional current
measured value
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EP83106448A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0098554B1 (en
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Otto-Walter Dipl.-Ing. Moser
Carl Ing. Grad. Koch
Peer Dr.-Ing. Thilo
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B26/00—Alarm systems in which substations are interrogated in succession by a central station
    • G08B26/005—Alarm systems in which substations are interrogated in succession by a central station with substations connected in series, e.g. cascade

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for automatically querying the detector measured value and the detector detection in a hazard alarm system according to the preamble of claim 1 and a device for carrying out this method.
  • Y hazard detection systems are often equipped with different pen Meldert.
  • An example is a fire alarm system to which smoke, heat, flame and push button detectors are connected. The measured physical fire parameter is evaluated in the detector using a suitable algorithm. Only a standardized, generally digital signal is transmitted to the control center. Different parameters are often evaluated in the detector using different algorithms. Also known are alarm systems that 'no longer evaluate the characteristics of fire in the detector, but in an appropriate transmission method analogous to pass, in an evaluation device, preferably a microcomputer processes the measured values of all detectors to the control panel.
  • Such a signaling system is described for example in DE-PS 25 33 330.
  • the detector is prompted to emit a current pulse with a pulse duration proportional to its measured value.
  • the address of the individual detector and by measuring the pulse width its analog detector measured value is described for example in DE-PS 25 33 330.
  • This procedure allows the cyclical polling of the individual detectors to recognize both the current detector measurement value and the detector address.
  • the detector address (identification) is determined from the lead time until the detector sends a pulse.
  • the analog measured value is derived from the pulse duration (pulse width).
  • Another parameter, e.g. Detector type (smoke or heat detector) of the respective detector is not intended for the transmission of measured values in this method.
  • DE-PS 25 33 382 a method is described for such alarm systems, which electrically separates all detectors from the detection line at the beginning of each query cycle and then switches the detectors on in a predetermined order in such a way that each detector after a time delay corresponding to its measured value additionally connects the following detector to the line voltage.
  • An evaluation device is located in the control center which determines the respective detector address. the number of previous increases in line current and the measured value determined from the length of the switching delays in question. There, the analog detector measurement values are linked to obtain differentiated fault or alarm messages.
  • detectors that are triggered for test purposes, such as revision, must not cause an alarm. They should only show the response at the headquarters. In such cases, it is necessary to identify different types of detectors or operating states and to inform the central office.
  • a detector identification namely the type or status of the detector
  • Detector-specific identifiers can be saved in the control center for each detector in the system.
  • This entry of a detector identification which is generally carried out manually, is correspondingly stored via switches or a keyboard.
  • the data entered must exactly match the current status of the system. Errors caused during input or when replacing a detector cannot be detected with certainty by the system and can have serious consequences in the event of an alarm. If a change is made to such systems, e.g. if one detector type is exchanged for another, because the room is used for other purposes, this must also be entered accordingly in the control center.
  • a fire alarm system with several detectors connected via a signaling loop to a central station is known, in which the detectors are connected to the Ask each time can be connected to the line by timers that can be controlled by the transducers, the increase in line current caused by the connection of the individual detectors being measured in the central unit and the times of the increases being evaluated as detector address and detector measured value.
  • the 'timer of the respective detector also briefly connects a load resistor, which increases the line current, via a capacitor to the signaling loop. This causes a switch-on peak in the form of an additional current pulse with which the switch-on of the following detector is clearly identified.
  • the transmission of a further parameter apart from the detector address and the respective analog detector measured value is not provided.
  • the object of the invention is to specify a method and a device for automatically querying the detector identification in addition to the detector measured value and the detector address.
  • the aim is detected automatically a detector-specific labeling in the cyclic interrogation detector and determined in the central unit, the additional detector identifier and evaluated '.
  • the additional current pulse which briefly increases the line current of the signaling line is influenced in a predeterminable manner in such a way that a characteristic quantity characteristic of the detector can be derived from the defined changed additional current pulse.
  • the pulse amplitude can expediently be influenced in such a way that the amplitude is used as an identifier for e.g. the type of detector is used.
  • the pulse duration is varied, so that a detector characteristic parameter can be derived from the length of the additional current pulse.
  • the first timing element is followed by a second timing element, which switches on the load resistor causing the additional current pulse for a predefinable time.
  • the resistance value influences the level of the pulse amplitude, so that the detector detection of each individual detector can expediently be set with the load resistor.
  • the pulse duration of the additional pulse can advantageously be set with the second timing element, so that a second detector characteristic can be set for each individual detector.
  • the second timing element can be formed by a monoflop that is acted upon by an RC element.
  • the detector M is connected to the control center via the signaling line ML, which is not specifically shown.
  • the message line ML consists of conductors 1 and 2, between which a voltage can be applied by the control center.
  • the detector M essentially contains a timer T1, which is started when the voltage U is applied.
  • the running time of the timing element T1 is determined by the transducer MW influenced.
  • the line voltage U is briefly switched off for synchronization.
  • a capacitor C1 is therefore provided which supplies the measuring transducer MW during this time.
  • the diode D1 prevents feedback. After the timer T1 has elapsed, the transistor TR1 switches the detection line through to the subsequent detector.
  • the analog detector measured value influencing the timing element T1 in accordance with its size is followed by a second timer T2, which is switched on at the same time.
  • the output of the second timer T2 drives the second transistor TR2, which is connected to the signaling loop ML via the resistor R.
  • An additional current pulse flows through the resistor R, which briefly amplifies the line current.
  • This additional current pulse can be influenced in a defined manner and can therefore serve as additional information.
  • detector detection can be transmitted to the control center at the same time as the detector measurement and the detector address.
  • the resistance value of the resistor R influences the amplitude
  • the second timer T2 influences the duration of the additional current pulse. Either the pulse amplitude or the pulse duration can be varied with this method.
  • a combination of the two methods can also be carried out, so that, in addition to the detector measured value and the detector address, two identification variables can be transmitted for the detector to the control center.
  • Fig. 2 a very similar detector M is shown.
  • the timer T2 according to FIG. 1 is formed by a monoflop MF, which is acted upon by the time-determining elements R T and C T.
  • the ON duration of the monoflop MF is determined with the RC element R T , C T.
  • the monoflop MF is triggered by the first timer T1, the output of this monoflop MF controls the transistor TR2.
  • the current profile I L on the detection line ML during an interrogation shows the current profile I L on the detection line ML during an interrogation.
  • Different detector types have different resistance values for the resistor R, so that the detector detection, for example detector type, can be set with the corresponding resistance value. Since the resistance R influences the amplitude A of the additional current pulse, the magnitude of the amplitude is. A is a parameter for the detector. If the pulse duration, which depends on the timing element T2 according to FIG. 1, is kept constant for all detectors, the pulse width t is constant for all detectors. With the beginning of a polling cycle of a detector line, the first detector is switched on, for example, at time t1. The duration of the connection is determined by the detector measured value via the first timer T1 of the detector and is shown in the pulse diagram as the duration T 11 .
  • the additional current pulse is drawn on the line via the load resistor R, so that this additional current pulse has an amplitude height A1.
  • the pulse duration of the additional pulse is constant for all detectors and is t.
  • the second detector is switched on via transistor TR1. From the switching on of the first load resistance of the first detector to the switching on of the load resistance of the second detector, the time T 12 passes until the load resistance of the second detector causes the additional current pulse with the amplitude A2 until time t3. In this way, the detectors are switched on in a chain-like manner and each additional current pulse is provided with a characteristic amplitude corresponding to the detector detection in question. This amplitude level can be evaluated and stored in the control center for the respective detector concerned.
  • FIG. 4 shows the current profile I L on the detection line during an interrogation.
  • the resistance R and thus the amplitude A is constant in each detector and the time period T 11 , T 12 etc. of the timing element T2 is varied differently for each detector.
  • the detector parameter is set, for example, with the RC element R T , C T. 4 shows a behavior similar to that of FIG. 3, with the difference that the amplitude A of the additional current pulse is constant, but the pulse duration t 1 , t 2 , t 3 , etc. of the additional current pulse varies and is a characteristic measure of the detector detection of the respective detector.

Abstract

1. A method of automatically demanding the signal measured value and the signal identification in a haxard alarm system having a central unit and at least one signal line (ML) to which a plurality of signals (M) are connected wherein during cyclic interrogation, in each signal (M) a timing element (T1) which can be influenced by the signal measured value by means of a measuring transducer (MW) is connected to the signal line (ML), and the signal address is derived from the number of the increases in the signal line current (1L) which are effected in the central unit thereby, and the signal measured value is derived from the length of the respective switching delay, where an additional current pulse is produced by means of an assigned timing element (T2) as a result of temporary connection of a load resistor (R) to the signal line (ML), characterised in that the pulse shape of the additional current pulse is changed for a signal identification (e.g. signal type, signal state) in a predetermined and defined manner and the identification value characteristic of the respective signal (M), is derived therefrom in the central unit.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur automatischen Abfrage des Meldermeßwerts und der Melderkennung in einer Gefahrenmeldeanlage nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 sowie eine Einrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method for automatically querying the detector measured value and the detector detection in a hazard alarm system according to the preamble of claim 1 and a device for carrying out this method.

Gefahrenmeldeanlagen sind häufig mit unterschiedlichen MeldertYpen ausgerüstet. Als Beispiel sei eine Brandmeldeanlage erwähnt, an die Rauch-, Wärme-, Flammen- und Druckknopfmelder angeschlossen sind. Die gemessene physikalische Brandkenngröße wird im Melder nach einem geeigneten Algorithmus ausgewertet. Zur Zentrale wird nur ein normiertes, im allgemeinen digitales Signal übertragen. Unterschiedliche Kenngrößen werden dabei im Melder oft nach unterschiedlichen Algorithmen ausgewertet. Es sind auch Meldeanlagen bekannt, die die Brandkenngröße'nicht mehr im Melder auswerten, sondern in einem geeigneten Übertragungsverfahren analog an die Meldezentrale übergeben, in der eine Auswerteeinrichtung, vorzugsweise ein Mikrorechner, die Meßwerte aller Melder bearbeitet. Y hazard detection systems are often equipped with different pen Meldert. An example is a fire alarm system to which smoke, heat, flame and push button detectors are connected. The measured physical fire parameter is evaluated in the detector using a suitable algorithm. Only a standardized, generally digital signal is transmitted to the control center. Different parameters are often evaluated in the detector using different algorithms. Also known are alarm systems that 'no longer evaluate the characteristics of fire in the detector, but in an appropriate transmission method analogous to pass, in an evaluation device, preferably a microcomputer processes the measured values of all detectors to the control panel.

Eine solche Meldeanlage ist beispielsweise in der DE-PS 25 33 330 beschrieben. Dort wird bei der Abfrage jedes Melders einer Linie nach einer für ihn charakteristischen Vorlaufzeit der Melder zur Abgabe eines Stromimpulses mit einer seinem Meßwert proportionalen Impulsdauer veranlaßt. In der Zentrale wird mit einer Auswerteeinrichtung durch Messung der Vorlaufzeit jeweils die Adresse des einzelnen Melders und durch Messung der Impulsbreite dessen analoger Meldermeßwert ermittelt.Such a signaling system is described for example in DE-PS 25 33 330. There, when each detector on a line is queried after a lead time which is characteristic of it, the detector is prompted to emit a current pulse with a pulse duration proportional to its measured value. In the control center, the address of the individual detector and by measuring the pulse width its analog detector measured value.

Dieses Verfahren erlaubt, bei der zyklischen Abfrage der einzelnen Melder sowohl den momentanen Meldermeßwert, als auch die Melderadresse zu erkennen. Dabei wird aus der Vorlaufzeit bis zur Impulsabgabe seitens des Melders die Melderadresse (Identifizierung) ermittelt. Aus der Impulsdauer (Impulsbreite) wird der analoge Meßwert abgeleitet. Eine weitere Kenngröße, z.B. Melderart (Rauch- oder Wärmemelder) des jeweiligen Melders ist bei diesem Verfahren zur Übertragung von Meßwerten nicht vorgesehen.This procedure allows the cyclical polling of the individual detectors to recognize both the current detector measurement value and the detector address. The detector address (identification) is determined from the lead time until the detector sends a pulse. The analog measured value is derived from the pulse duration (pulse width). Another parameter, e.g. Detector type (smoke or heat detector) of the respective detector is not intended for the transmission of measured values in this method.

In der DE-PS 25 33 382 ist für derartige Meldeanlagen ein Verfahren beschrieben, das zu Beginn eines jeden Abfragezyklus alle Melder von der Meldelinie elektrisch abtrennt und dann die Melder in vorgegebener Reihenfolge in der Weise anschaltet, daß jeder Melder nach einer seinem Meßwert entsprechenden Zeitverzögerung den jeweils nachfolgenden Melder zusätzlich an die Linienspannung anschaltet. In der Zentrale befindet sich eine Auswerteeinrichtung, die die jeweilige Melderadresse aus. der Zahl der vorhergehenden Erhöhungen des Linienstroms und den Meßwert aus der Länge der betreffenden Schaltverzögerungen ermittelt. Dort werden die analogen Meldermeßwerte zur Gewinnung differenzierter Störungs- bzw. Alarmmeldungen verknüpft.In DE-PS 25 33 382 a method is described for such alarm systems, which electrically separates all detectors from the detection line at the beginning of each query cycle and then switches the detectors on in a predetermined order in such a way that each detector after a time delay corresponding to its measured value additionally connects the following detector to the line voltage. An evaluation device is located in the control center which determines the respective detector address. the number of previous increases in line current and the measured value determined from the length of the switching delays in question. There, the analog detector measurement values are linked to obtain differentiated fault or alarm messages.

Es ist aber nicht immer möglich oder sinnvoll, die Meßwerte von verschiedenen Meldertypen nach einem einheitlichen Verfahren auszuwerten und weiter zu verarbeiten. Beispielsweise ist für automatische Rauchmelder ein integrierendes Verhalten erwünscht, um kurzzeitige Störungsgrößen auszuschalten. Eine Alarmierung soll erst erfolgen, wenn das Signal eine definierte Zeit lang ansteht. Bei manuellen Meldern dagegen ist eine sofortige Meldungsgabe nach Betätigung eines Druckknopfmelders erforderlich.However, it is not always possible or sensible to evaluate and process the measured values from different detector types using a uniform procedure. For example, integrating behavior is desirable for automatic smoke detectors, in short switch off early disturbance variables. An alarm should only be given if the signal is present for a defined time. In the case of manual detectors, on the other hand, immediate reporting is required after a push button detector has been activated.

Andererseits dürfen Melder, die zu Prüfzwecken, wie Revision, ausgelöst werden, keinen Alarm verursachen. Sie sollen lediglich in der Zentrale das Ansprechen anzeigen. Für solche Fälle ist es notwendig, verschiedene Melderarten oder Betriebszustände zu kennzeichnen und der- Zentrale mitzuteilen.On the other hand, detectors that are triggered for test purposes, such as revision, must not cause an alarm. They should only show the response at the headquarters. In such cases, it is necessary to identify different types of detectors or operating states and to inform the central office.

Bei den obengenannten Meldeanlagen kann eine Melderkennung, nämlich die Melderart oder der Melderzustand, in der Zentrale für-den betreffenden Melder im allgemeinen manuell eingegeben werden. Für jeden in der Anlage vorhandenen Melder können melderspezifische Kennzeichen (Melderart, Melder in Revision, Melder nicht angeschlossen usw.) in der Zentrale gespeichert werden. Diese im allgemeinen manuell durchgeführte Eingabe einer Melderkennung wird über Schalter oder über eine Tastatur entsprechend eingespeichert. Dabei müssen die eingegebenen Daten exakt mit dem Istzustand der Anlage übereinstimmen.. Bei der Eingabe verursachte Fehler oder bei Austausch eines Melders entstehende Fehler können von der Anlage nicht mit Sicherheit erkannt werden und im Alarmfall schwerwiegende Folgen haben. Wird bei derartigen Anlagen eine Änderung vorgenommen, z.B. ein Meldertyp gegen einen anderen ausgetauscht, weil der Raum anderweitig genutzt wird, ist dies auch in der Zentrale entsprechend einzugeben.In the case of the above-mentioned signaling systems, a detector identification, namely the type or status of the detector, can generally be entered manually in the control center for the relevant detector. Detector-specific identifiers (detector type, detector in revision, detector not connected, etc.) can be saved in the control center for each detector in the system. This entry of a detector identification, which is generally carried out manually, is correspondingly stored via switches or a keyboard. The data entered must exactly match the current status of the system. Errors caused during input or when replacing a detector cannot be detected with certainty by the system and can have serious consequences in the event of an alarm. If a change is made to such systems, e.g. if one detector type is exchanged for another, because the room is used for other purposes, this must also be entered accordingly in the control center.

Aus der DE-AS 26 38 068 ist eine Brandmeldeanlage mit mehreren über eine Meldeschleife an eine Zetrale angeschalteten Meldern bekannt, in der die Melder zur Abfrage jeweils durch von den Meßwandlern steuerbare Zeitglieder an die Linie anschaltbar sind, wobei in der Zentrale di.e durch die Anschaltung der einzelnen Melder bewirkte Erhöhung des Linienstroms gemessen und die Zeitpunkte der Erhöhungen als Melderadresse und Meldermeßwert ausgewertet werden. Dort wird durch das 'Zeitglied des jeweiligen Melders jeweils zusätzlich ein den Linienstrom verstärkter Lastwiderstand über einen Kondensator kurzzeitig an die Meldeschleife angeschaltet. Dies bewirkt eine Einschaltspitze in Form eines zusätzlichen Stromimpulses, mit dem das Einschalten des jeweils nachfolgenden Melders eindeutig gekennzeichnet wird. Auch bei dieser Meldeanlage ist die Übertragung einer weiteren Kenngröße außer der Melderadresse und dem jeweiligen analogen Meldermeßwert, nicht vorgesehen.From DE-AS 26 38 068 a fire alarm system with several detectors connected via a signaling loop to a central station is known, in which the detectors are connected to the Ask each time can be connected to the line by timers that can be controlled by the transducers, the increase in line current caused by the connection of the individual detectors being measured in the central unit and the times of the increases being evaluated as detector address and detector measured value. There, the 'timer of the respective detector also briefly connects a load resistor, which increases the line current, via a capacitor to the signaling loop. This causes a switch-on peak in the form of an additional current pulse with which the switch-on of the following detector is clearly identified. In this signaling system, too, the transmission of a further parameter apart from the detector address and the respective analog detector measured value is not provided.

Ausgehend von dem in der DE-AS 26 38 068 beschriebenen zusätzlichen Stromimpuls, ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Verfahren und eineEinrichtung zur automatischen Abfrage der Melderkennung zusätzlich zum Meldermeßwert und der Melderadresse anzugeben. Dabei soll eine Melderspezifische Kennzeichnung bei der zyklischen Melderabfrage selbsttätig erfaßt und in der Zentrale die zusätzliche Melderkennung ermittelt und ausgewertet'werden.Starting from the additional current pulse described in DE-AS 26 38 068, the object of the invention is to specify a method and a device for automatically querying the detector identification in addition to the detector measured value and the detector address. The aim is detected automatically a detector-specific labeling in the cyclic interrogation detector and determined in the central unit, the additional detector identifier and evaluated '.

Diese Aufgabe wird mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren nach den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved with the inventive method according to the characterizing features of claim 1.

Erfindungsgemäß wird der zusätzliche Stromimpuls, der den Linienstrom der Meldeleitung kurzzeitig erhöht, in einer vorgebbaren Weise so beeinflußt, daß aus dem definiert veränderten zusätzlichen Stromimpuls eine für den Melder charakteristische Kennuncrsgröße abgeleitet werden kann.According to the invention, the additional current pulse which briefly increases the line current of the signaling line is influenced in a predeterminable manner in such a way that a characteristic quantity characteristic of the detector can be derived from the defined changed additional current pulse.

Zweckmäßigerweise kann die Pulsamplitude so beeinflußt werden, daß die Höhe der Amplitude als Kennungsgröße für z.B. die Melderart dient.The pulse amplitude can expediently be influenced in such a way that the amplitude is used as an identifier for e.g. the type of detector is used.

In einer Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßens Verfahrens wird die Pulsdauer variiert, so daß aus der Länge des zusätzlichen Stromimpulses eine meldercharakteristische Kenngröße ableitbar ist.In a further development of the method according to the invention, the pulse duration is varied, so that a detector characteristic parameter can be derived from the length of the additional current pulse.

Dabei kann es vorteilhaft sein, zur Darstellung von zwei Melderkenngrößen für einen einzelnen Melder sowohl die Pulsamplitude als auch die Pulsdauer des zusätzlichen Stromimpulses in einer für den betreffenden Melder charakteristischen Weise zu variieren. Jeder Melder einer Melderlinie gibt also bei der Abfrage einen zusätzlichen Impuls ab, dessen Amplitude und dessen Dauer von Melder zu Melder verschieden ist. Mit diesem Verfahren können neben der Melderadresse und dem analogen Meldermeßwert zwei zusätzliche Melderkenngrößen mit einem Abfragezyklus zur Zentrale übertragen und dort ausgewertet werden. Bezüglich der Einrichtunq zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens wird die Aufgabe durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 5 gelöst.It may be advantageous to vary both the pulse amplitude and the pulse duration of the additional current pulse in a manner characteristic of the detector in question in order to display two detector parameters for a single detector. Each detector in a detector line therefore emits an additional pulse when queried, the amplitude and duration of which vary from detector to detector. With this procedure, in addition to the detector address and the analog detector measured value, two additional detector parameters can be transmitted to the control center with a query cycle and evaluated there. With regard to the device for carrying out this method, the object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 5.

Erfindungsaemäß ist dem ersten Zeitglied ein zweites Zeitglied nachgeschaltet, das den den zusätzlichen Stromimpuls bewirkenden Lastwiderstand für eine vorgebbare Zeit anschaltet. Dabei beeinflußt der Widerstandswert die Höhe der Impulsamplitude, so daß zweckmäßigerweise mit dem Lastwiderstand die Melderkennung jedes einzelnen Melders eingestellt werden kann.According to the invention, the first timing element is followed by a second timing element, which switches on the load resistor causing the additional current pulse for a predefinable time. The resistance value influences the level of the pulse amplitude, so that the detector detection of each individual detector can expediently be set with the load resistor.

In vorteilhafter Weise kann mit dem zweiten Zeitglied die Pulsdauer des zusätzlichen Impulses eingestellt werden, so daß dadurch eine zweite Melderkennuna für jeden einzelnen Melder eingestellt werden kann. Dabei kann das zweite Zeitglied von einem Monoflop gebildet sein, daß mit einem RC-Glied beaufschlagt ist.The pulse duration of the additional pulse can advantageously be set with the second timing element, so that a second detector characteristic can be set for each individual detector. The second timing element can be formed by a monoflop that is acted upon by an RC element.

Anhand der Zeichnung wird das Verfahren und die Einrichtung hierfür an einem Ausführungsbeispiel erläutert. Dabei zeigen für das erfindunqsgemäße Verfahren die

  • Fig. 1 und 2 eine Schaltungsanordnung eines Melders und
  • Fig. 3. und 4 ein Impulsdiagramm.
Using the drawing, the method and the device for this are explained using an exemplary embodiment. Show for the method according to the invention
  • 1 and 2 a circuit arrangement of a detector and
  • 3 and 4 a pulse diagram.

In Fig. 1 ist das Prinzipschaltbild eines Melders für das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren dargestellt. Der Melder M ist über die Meldeleitunq ML mit der Zentrale, die nicht eigens dargestellt ist, verbunden. Die Meldeleitung ML besteht aus den Leitern 1 und 2, zwischen denen von der Zentrale eine Spannung angelegt werden kann. Der Melder M enthält im wesentlichen ein Zeitglied T1, welches beim Anlegen der Spannung U in Gang gesetzt wird. Dabei wird die Laufzeit des Zeitgliedes T1 durch den Meßwandler MW beeinflußt. Zu Beginn eines jeden Abfragezyklus wird zur Synchronisation die Linienspannung U kurzzeitig abgeschaltet. Deshalb ist ein Kondensator C1 vorgesehene der in dieser Zeit den Meßwandler MW versorgt. Die Diode D1 verhindert dabei eine Rückspeisung. Nach Ablauf des Zeitgliedes T1 schaltet der Transistor TR1 die Meldelinie zum nachfolgenden Melder durch. Auf diese Weise wird ein Melder nach dem anderen kettenförmig angeschaltet, wobei der analoge Meldermeßwert das Zeitglied T1 entsprechend seiner Größe beeinflußt. Dem ersten Zeitglied T1 ist ein zweites Zeitglied T2 nachgeschaltet, das gleichzeitig angeschaltet wird. Der Ausgang des zweiten Zeitgliedes T2 steuert den zweiten Transistor TR2 an, der über den Widerstand R an die Meldeschleife ML angeschlossen ist. Über den Widerstand R fließt ein zusätzlicher Stromimpuls, der den Linienstrom kurzzeitig verstärkt. Dieser zusätzliche Stromimpuls ist in definierter Weise beeinflußbar und kann deshalb als zusätzliche Information dienen. Auf diese Weise läßt sich eine Melderkennung gleichzeitig mit der Meldermeßgröße und der Melderadresse bei der Abfrage zur Zentrale übertragen. Der Widerstandswert des Widerstandes R beeinflußt dabei die Amplitude, das zweite Zeitglied T2 beeinflußt dabei die Dauer des zusätzlichen Stromimpulses. Mit diesem Verfahren kann entweder die Pulsamplitude oder die Pulsdauer variiert werden. Es kann auch eine Kombination beider Verfahren durchgeführt werden, so daß gleichzeitig zusätzlich zum Meldermeßwert und zur Melderadresse noch zwei Kennungs- größen,für den Melder zur Zentrale übertragen werden können.1 shows the basic circuit diagram of a detector for the method according to the invention. The detector M is connected to the control center via the signaling line ML, which is not specifically shown. The message line ML consists of conductors 1 and 2, between which a voltage can be applied by the control center. The detector M essentially contains a timer T1, which is started when the voltage U is applied. The running time of the timing element T1 is determined by the transducer MW influenced. At the beginning of each query cycle, the line voltage U is briefly switched off for synchronization. A capacitor C1 is therefore provided which supplies the measuring transducer MW during this time. The diode D1 prevents feedback. After the timer T1 has elapsed, the transistor TR1 switches the detection line through to the subsequent detector. In this way, one detector after the other is switched on in a chain, the analog detector measured value influencing the timing element T1 in accordance with its size. The first timer T1 is followed by a second timer T2, which is switched on at the same time. The output of the second timer T2 drives the second transistor TR2, which is connected to the signaling loop ML via the resistor R. An additional current pulse flows through the resistor R, which briefly amplifies the line current. This additional current pulse can be influenced in a defined manner and can therefore serve as additional information. In this way, detector detection can be transmitted to the control center at the same time as the detector measurement and the detector address. The resistance value of the resistor R influences the amplitude, the second timer T2 influences the duration of the additional current pulse. Either the pulse amplitude or the pulse duration can be varied with this method. A combination of the two methods can also be carried out, so that, in addition to the detector measured value and the detector address, two identification variables can be transmitted for the detector to the control center.

In Fig. 2 ist ein ganz ähnlich aufgebauter Melder M dargestellt. Dort ist das Zeitglied T2 gemäß Fig. 1 von einem Monoflop MF gebildet, das mit den zeitbestimmenden Elementen RT und CT beaufschlagt ist. Mit dem RC-Glied RT, CT wird die Anschaltdauer des Monoflops MF bestimmt. Das Monoflop MF wird vom ersten Zeitglied T1 her getriggert, der Ausgang dieses Monoflops MF steuert den Transistor TR2.In Fig. 2 a very similar detector M is shown. There, the timer T2 according to FIG. 1 is formed by a monoflop MF, which is acted upon by the time-determining elements R T and C T. The ON duration of the monoflop MF is determined with the RC element R T , C T. The monoflop MF is triggered by the first timer T1, the output of this monoflop MF controls the transistor TR2.

In Fig. 3 ist der Stromverlauf IL auf der Meldelinie ML während einer Abfrage dargestellt. Unterschiedliche Meldertypen haben für den Widerstand R verschiedene Widerstandswerte, so daß mit dem entsprechenden Widerstandswert die Melderkennung, beispielsweise Melderart, eingestellt werden kann. Da der Widerstand R die Amplitude A des zusätzlichen Stromimpulses beeinflußt, ist die Höhe der Amplitude. A eine Kenngröße für den Melder. Wird die Impulsdauer, die vom Zeitglied T2 gemäß Fig. 1 abhängt, für alle Melder konstant gehalten, so ist die Impulsbreite t für alle Melder konstant. Mit dem Beginn eines Abfragezyklus einer-Melderlinie wird der erste Melder beispielsweise zum Zeitpunkt t1 angeschaltet. Die Zeitdauer der Anschaltung wird vom Meldermeßwert über das erste Zeitglied T1 des Melders bestimmt und beträgt im Impulsdiagramm dargestellt die Dauer T11. Zum Zeitpunkt t2 wird über den Lastwiderstand R der zusätzliche Stromimpuls auf der Linie gezogen, so daß dieser zusätzliche Stromimpuls eine Amplitudenhöhe A1 aufweist. Die Impulsdauer des zusätzlichen Impulses ist für alle Melder konstant und beträgt t. Zum Zeitpunkt t2 wird der zweite Melder über den Transistor TR1 angeschaltet. Vom Anschalten des ersten Lastwiderstands des ersten Melders bis zum Anschalten des Lastwiderstandes des zweiten Melders vergeht dabei die Zeit T12, bis zum Zeitpunkt t3 der Lastwiderstand des zweiten Melders den zusätzlichen Stromimpuls mit der Amplitude A2 bewirkt. Auf diese Weise werden kettenförmig die Melder der Reihe nach angeschaltet und jeder zusätzliche Stromimpuls mit einer charakteristischen Amplitude entsprechend der betreffenden Melderkennung versehen. Diese Amplitudenhöhe kann in der Zentrale für den jeweiligen betreffenden Melder ausgewertet und abgespeichert werden.3 shows the current profile I L on the detection line ML during an interrogation. Different detector types have different resistance values for the resistor R, so that the detector detection, for example detector type, can be set with the corresponding resistance value. Since the resistance R influences the amplitude A of the additional current pulse, the magnitude of the amplitude is. A is a parameter for the detector. If the pulse duration, which depends on the timing element T2 according to FIG. 1, is kept constant for all detectors, the pulse width t is constant for all detectors. With the beginning of a polling cycle of a detector line, the first detector is switched on, for example, at time t1. The duration of the connection is determined by the detector measured value via the first timer T1 of the detector and is shown in the pulse diagram as the duration T 11 . At time t2, the additional current pulse is drawn on the line via the load resistor R, so that this additional current pulse has an amplitude height A1. The pulse duration of the additional pulse is constant for all detectors and is t. At time t2, the second detector is switched on via transistor TR1. From the switching on of the first load resistance of the first detector to the switching on of the load resistance of the second detector, the time T 12 passes until the load resistance of the second detector causes the additional current pulse with the amplitude A2 until time t3. In this way, the detectors are switched on in a chain-like manner and each additional current pulse is provided with a characteristic amplitude corresponding to the detector detection in question. This amplitude level can be evaluated and stored in the control center for the respective detector concerned.

In Fig. 4 ist der Stromverlauf IL auf der Meldelinie während einer Abfrage dargestellt. Dabei ist in jedem Melder der Widerstand R und damit die Amplitude A konstant und die Zeitdauer T11, T12 usw. des Zeitgliedes T2 wird für jeden Melder unterschiedlich variiert. Die Melderkenngröße wird beispielsweise mit dem RC-Glied RT, CT eingestellt. Der Stromverlauf der Fig. 4 zeigt dabei ein ähnliches Verhalten wie der Stromverlauf der Fig. 3 mit dem Unterschiede daß die Höhe der Amplitude A des zusätzlichen Stromimpulses konstant ist, hingegen die Impulsdauer t1, t2, t3, usw. des zusätzlichen Stromimpulses variiert und jeweils ein charakteristisches Maß für die Melderkennung des jeweiligen Melders ist.4 shows the current profile I L on the detection line during an interrogation. The resistance R and thus the amplitude A is constant in each detector and the time period T 11 , T 12 etc. of the timing element T2 is varied differently for each detector. The detector parameter is set, for example, with the RC element R T , C T. 4 shows a behavior similar to that of FIG. 3, with the difference that the amplitude A of the additional current pulse is constant, but the pulse duration t 1 , t 2 , t 3 , etc. of the additional current pulse varies and is a characteristic measure of the detector detection of the respective detector.

Mit der Kombination beider Verfahren können pro Melder zusätzlich zwei Melderkennungen bei der Abfrage zur Zentrale übertragen werden. Dies ist aber nicht mehr eigens dargestellt.With the combination of both methods, two additional detector identifiers can be transmitted to the control center when queried. However, this is no longer specifically shown.

8 Patentansprüche 4 Figuren8 claims 4 figures

Claims (8)

1.Verfahren zur automatischen Abfrage des Meldermeßwerts und der.Melderkennung in einer Gefahrenmeldeanlage mit einer Zentrale und mindestens einer Meldeleitung, an die mehrere Melder angeschlossen sind, wobei bei zyklischer Abfrage jeweils in jedem Melder ein vom Meldermeßwert über einen Meßwandler beeinflußbares Zeitglied an die Meldeleitung angeschaltet wird und in der Zentrale aus der Zahl der dadurch bewirkten Erhöhungen und des Meldeleitungsstroms die Melderadresse/aus der Länge der jeweiligen Schaltverzögerung der Meldermeßwert abgeleitet wird, wobei durch das zugehörige Zeitglied durch kurzzeitiges Anschalten eines Lastwiederstandes an die Meldeleitung ein zusätzlicher Stromimpuls erzeugt wird, dadurch gekenn-zeichnet, daß die Impulsform des zusätzlichen Stromimpulses gezielt in definierter Weise für die Melderkennung verändert und daraus in der Zentrale die für den betreffenden Melder charakteristische Kennungsgröße abgeleitet wird.1.Procedure for the automatic interrogation of the detector measured value and the detector detection in a danger alarm system with a control center and at least one alarm line to which several detectors are connected, with a cyclical query in each detector activating a timer that can be influenced by the detector measured value via a transducer on the alarm line the detector address / from the length of the respective switching delay the detector measured value is derived from the number of increases caused thereby and the signal line current, whereby an additional current pulse is generated by the associated timing element by briefly switching a load resistor on the signal line -Draws that the pulse shape of the additional current pulse specifically changes in a defined manner for the detector detection and the characteristic variable for the detector concerned is derived from this in the control center. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnete daß die Amplitude des zusätzlichen Stromimpulses verändert wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the amplitude of the additional current pulse is changed. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch aekennzeichnet, daß die Dauer des zusätzlichen Stromimpulses verändert wird.3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the duration of the additional current pulse is changed. 4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Amplitude und die Dauer des zusätzlichen Stromimpulses verändert wird.4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the amplitude and the duration of the additional current pulse is changed. 5. Einrichtung-zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in jedem Melder zur Veränderung des zusätzlichen Stromimpulses einem ersten Zeitglied (T1) ein zweites Zeitglied (T2) nachgeschaltet ist, das einen Lastwiderstand (R) für eine vorgebbare Zeitdauer an die Meldeleitung (ML) schaltet.5. Device-for performing the method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that in each detector for changing the additional current pulse, a first timing element (T1) has a second timing element (T2) is connected downstream, which connects a load resistor (R) to the signaling line (ML) for a specifiable period of time. 6. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnete daß das zweite Zeitglied (T2) von einem Monoflop (MF) gebildet ist, dem ein die Zeitdauer bestimmendes RC-Glied (RT, CT) zugeordnet ist.6. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the second timing element (T2) is formed by a monoflop (MF) to which a time-determining RC element (R T , C T ) is assigned. 7. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Amplitude des zusätzlichen Stromimpulses als erste Kennungsgröße des Melders durch den Widerstandswert des Lastwiderstandes (R) bestimmt wird.7. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the amplitude of the additional current pulse is determined as the first parameter of the detector by the resistance value of the load resistor (R). 8. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Dauer des zusätzlichen Stromimpulses als zweite Kennungsgröße des Melders durch das RC-Glied (RT, CT) des Monoflops (MF') bestimmt wird.8. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the duration of the additional current pulse as the second identifier of the detector by the RC element (R T , C T ) of the monoflop (MF ') is determined.
EP83106448A 1982-07-05 1983-07-01 Method and device for automatically demanding signal measure values and signal identification in an alarm installation Expired EP0098554B1 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83106448T ATE17532T1 (en) 1982-07-05 1983-07-01 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR AUTOMATIC REQUESTS OF DETECTOR MEASURES AND DETECTOR IDENTIFICATION IN AN ALARM SYSTEM.

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DE19823225081 DE3225081A1 (en) 1982-07-05 1982-07-05 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR AUTOMATICALLY INQUIRING THE DETECTOR MEASUREMENT VALUE AND DETECTOR DETECTION IN A DANGER DETECTING SYSTEM
DE3225081 1982-07-05

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EP0098554A1 true EP0098554A1 (en) 1984-01-18
EP0098554B1 EP0098554B1 (en) 1986-01-15

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JP (1) JPS5920098A (en)
AT (1) ATE17532T1 (en)
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GR (1) GR77588B (en)

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EP0178451A1 (en) * 1984-09-12 1986-04-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Annunciator identification arrangement in an alarm system
EP0205749A1 (en) * 1985-02-27 1986-12-30 Nohmi Bosai Kogyo Co., Ltd. Fire alarm system
EP0251576A2 (en) * 1986-07-03 1988-01-07 Chubb Electronics Limited Data acquisition system
EP0450930A2 (en) * 1990-04-04 1991-10-09 Idec Izumi Corporation Data transmission system with double lines
CN115232651A (en) * 2021-04-23 2022-10-25 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Method and device for monitoring and early warning process parameters of coal gasification device

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DE4321292A1 (en) * 1993-06-26 1995-01-05 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Method for serial transmission of measurement signals of a plurality of measurement parameters
DE19717933A1 (en) 1997-04-29 1998-11-05 Thomson Brandt Gmbh Circuit arrangement with an encoder and an evaluation circuit

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0178451A1 (en) * 1984-09-12 1986-04-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Annunciator identification arrangement in an alarm system
EP0205749A1 (en) * 1985-02-27 1986-12-30 Nohmi Bosai Kogyo Co., Ltd. Fire alarm system
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EP0251576A2 (en) * 1986-07-03 1988-01-07 Chubb Electronics Limited Data acquisition system
EP0251576A3 (en) * 1986-07-03 1989-04-26 Chubb Electronics Limited Data acquisition system
EP0450930A2 (en) * 1990-04-04 1991-10-09 Idec Izumi Corporation Data transmission system with double lines
EP0450930A3 (en) * 1990-04-04 1992-12-23 Idec Izumi Corporation Data transmission system with double lines
CN115232651A (en) * 2021-04-23 2022-10-25 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Method and device for monitoring and early warning process parameters of coal gasification device
CN115232651B (en) * 2021-04-23 2024-03-29 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Technological parameter monitoring and early warning method and device for coal gasification device

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DK308283A (en) 1984-01-06
ES8404082A1 (en) 1984-04-01
ES523866A0 (en) 1984-04-01
EP0098554B1 (en) 1986-01-15
DE3225081A1 (en) 1984-01-12
JPS5920098A (en) 1984-02-01
DK308283D0 (en) 1983-07-04
GR77588B (en) 1984-09-24
BR8303565A (en) 1984-02-14
DK155387C (en) 1989-10-30
DE3361851D1 (en) 1986-02-27
ATE17532T1 (en) 1986-02-15
DK155387B (en) 1989-04-03

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