EP0097173A1 - Open air collector for the absorption of convection and radiation heat - Google Patents

Open air collector for the absorption of convection and radiation heat

Info

Publication number
EP0097173A1
EP0097173A1 EP82903573A EP82903573A EP0097173A1 EP 0097173 A1 EP0097173 A1 EP 0097173A1 EP 82903573 A EP82903573 A EP 82903573A EP 82903573 A EP82903573 A EP 82903573A EP 0097173 A1 EP0097173 A1 EP 0097173A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat
conducting plates
register
heat conducting
collector
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP82903573A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Joachim Schmidt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Deria-Destra AG fur Strahlungswarme
Original Assignee
Deria-Destra AG fur Strahlungswarme
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Deria-Destra AG fur Strahlungswarme filed Critical Deria-Destra AG fur Strahlungswarme
Publication of EP0097173A1 publication Critical patent/EP0097173A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/70—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits
    • F24S10/75—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits with enlarged surfaces, e.g. with protrusions or corrugations
    • F24S10/753—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits with enlarged surfaces, e.g. with protrusions or corrugations the conduits being parallel to each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/40—Solar heat collectors combined with other heat sources, e.g. using electrical heating or heat from ambient air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/70—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits
    • F24S10/75—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits with enlarged surfaces, e.g. with protrusions or corrugations
    • F24S2010/751—Special fins
    • F24S2010/752—Special fins extending obliquely
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an open-air collector intended for connection to a heat pump or a heat store with a liquid heat transfer medium for absorbing radiant and convective heat.
  • heat collectors which only absorb solar radiation
  • energy roofs which not only convert the solar radiation but also extract heat from the ambient air.
  • heat collectors which are effective not only in sunshine but also in overcast skies and at night, have a compact and essentially smooth absorber surface which is arranged on roofs or on house facades.
  • the invention aims to create an open-air collector of the type mentioned in the introduction, which in connection e.g. results in a higher efficiency with a heat pump and which is easy to manufacture, in particular delivered in a kit and can be manufactured and assembled by house owners themselves.
  • the invention consists in that a coarse-mesh pipe register is provided with heat-conducting plates placed on the pipes, the heat-conducting plates each having two fins running transversely to the pipe axis and obliquely to the register level, and in that the fins of adjacent heat-conducting plates are on different sides protrude from the register level.
  • the open-air collector according to the invention is constructed in a similar way to the heat distribution system of a known floor or ceiling heating system, and therefore can be used for its construction known elements are used.
  • the use and arrangement according to the invention of a large number of heat-conducting sheets has the advantage over a smooth absorber surface that much more heat is removed from the air flowing past the collector because the air flow can act on both sides of the heat-conducting sheets and on the other hand due to the different directions ⁇ a pointing fins of the heat conducting plates is swirled.
  • the heat transfer in turbulent flow is better than in laminar.
  • FIG. 1 shows the floor plan of a horizontally arranged pipe register with heat conducting plates placed on the pipes Fig. 2 in cross-section two adjacent tubes with opposing, .ich placed heat conducting plates, on a larger scale.
  • a pipe register with coarse-mesh pipes 3 is arranged between a feed pipe 1 and a return pipe 2.
  • Heat-conducting sheets 4 are placed on the tubes 3, which, according to FIG. 2, each consist of a central piece 5 clasping the tube and two fins 6 extending therefrom and extending transversely to the tube axis and obliquely to the register plane.
  • the heat-conducting sheets 4 are placed alternately from above and below on the tubes in the rows formed longitudinally and "transversely to the tubes 3, so that the fins 6 of adjacent heat-conducting sheets 4 on different sides from the register level 7, the direction of the fins of the heat-conducting sheets, which are adjacent on a tube 3, is indicated by dash-dotted lines.
  • the open-air collector is preferably arranged horizontally, the pipe register being spaced apart on a support surface, e.g. anchored on a flat roof. The distance between the tube register and the support surface is necessary so that the collector is acted upon on both sides by the air flow.
  • a support surface e.g. anchored on a flat roof.
  • the distance between the tube register and the support surface is necessary so that the collector is acted upon on both sides by the air flow.
  • For anchoring the pipe register e.g. individual heat-conducting sheets are used by the respective fins being directed parallel downwards and poured into a support block.
  • the open-air collector described can also be set up separately and e.g. can also be used as a sun protection roof over a garden seat or a car parking space.
  • Pipe registers and heat conducting plates are preferably made of copper, the heat conducting plates being soldered to the tubes
  • OMP IP are.
  • the soldering serves to improve the heat transfer and to increase the wind resistance.
  • the latter could also be achieved, for example, with additional resilient clamps comprising the central part 5 of the heat-conducting plates 4 and the tube 3.
  • a paste-like solder containing solder and flow medium can be used for soldering, which considerably simplifies assembly of the collector and shortens the time by the heat-conducting plates placed on with the solder due to progressive heating along the tubes can be fixed in one move.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)

Abstract

Le collecteur est constitué d'un assemblage de tuyaux (3) formant des grandes mailles, sur lesquels sont disposés des tôles conductrices de la chaleur (4). Chaque tôle est pourvue deux lamelles (6) transversales à l'axe du tuyau et inclinées par rapport au plan de l'assemblage (7). Les lamelles de deux tôles adjacentes font saillie sur le plan de l'assemblage par des côtés différents. Au moyen de cette construction du collecteur on soutire plus de chaleur de l'air qu'avec une surface plane, car le courant d'air embrasse les tôles conductrices de chaleur sur les deux côtés; par le fait que les lamelles sont disposées dans des directions différentes le courant devient turbulent: on obtient ainsi un rendement supérieur.The collector consists of an assembly of pipes (3) forming large meshes, on which are arranged heat conducting sheets (4). Each sheet is provided with two strips (6) transverse to the axis of the pipe and inclined relative to the plane of the assembly (7). The lamellae of two adjacent sheets protrude from the plane of the assembly from different sides. By means of this construction of the collector, more heat is drawn from the air than with a flat surface, because the air current embraces the heat-conducting sheets on both sides; by the fact that the lamellae are arranged in different directions the current becomes turbulent: a higher efficiency is thus obtained.

Description

- -
Freiluftkollektor zur Absorption von Strahlungs- und KonvektionswärmeOutdoor collector for the absorption of radiant and convection heat
Die Erfindung betrifft einen zum Anschluss an eine Wärme- pumpe bzw. einen Wärmespeicher bestimmten Freiluftkollek¬ tor mit flüssigem Wärmeträger zur Absorption von Strahlungs¬ und Konvektionswärme.The invention relates to an open-air collector intended for connection to a heat pump or a heat store with a liquid heat transfer medium for absorbing radiant and convective heat.
Neben Sonnenkollektoren, welche ausschliesslich Sonnenstrah- lung absorbieren, sind z.B. als Energiedach bezeichnete Wär¬ mekollektoren bekannt, welche nicht nur die Sonnenstrahlung umsetzen, sondern auch der Umgebungsluft Wärme entziehen. Solche Wärmekollektoren, die ausser bei Sonnenschein auch bei bedecktem Himmel und bei Nacht wirksam sind, weisen eine kompakte und im wesentlichen glatte Absorberfläche auf, die auf Hausdächern oder an Hausfassaden angeordnet wird.In addition to solar collectors, which only absorb solar radiation, e.g. heat collectors known as energy roofs, which not only convert the solar radiation but also extract heat from the ambient air. Such heat collectors, which are effective not only in sunshine but also in overcast skies and at night, have a compact and essentially smooth absorber surface which is arranged on roofs or on house facades.
Die Erfindung bezweckt die Schaffung eines Freiluftkollek¬ tors der eingangs genannten Art, der in Verbindung z.B. mit einer Wärmepumpe einen höheren Wirkungsgrad ergibt und der einfach herstellbar ist, insbesondere inr Bausatz geliefert und von Hausbesitzern selbst hergestellt und montiert wer¬ den kann.The invention aims to create an open-air collector of the type mentioned in the introduction, which in connection e.g. results in a higher efficiency with a heat pump and which is easy to manufacture, in particular delivered in a kit and can be manufactured and assembled by house owners themselves.
Die Erfindung besteht darin, dass ein grobmaschiges Rohrre¬ gister mit auf die Rohre aufgesetzten Wärmeleitblechen vor¬ gesehen ist, wobei die Wärmeleitbleche je zwei quer zur Rohrachse und schräg zur Registerebene verlaufende Lamellen aufweisen, und dass die Lamellen jeweils benachbarter Wär- meleitbleche nach verschiedenen Seiten aus der Registerebe¬ ne herausragen.The invention consists in that a coarse-mesh pipe register is provided with heat-conducting plates placed on the pipes, the heat-conducting plates each having two fins running transversely to the pipe axis and obliquely to the register level, and in that the fins of adjacent heat-conducting plates are on different sides protrude from the register level.
Der Freiluftkollektor nach der Erfindung ist ähnlich aufge¬ baut wie das Wärmeverteilungsεystem einer bekannten Boden- oder Deckenheizung, und zu seinem Aufbau können die von daher bekannten Elemente verwendet werden.The open-air collector according to the invention is constructed in a similar way to the heat distribution system of a known floor or ceiling heating system, and therefore can be used for its construction known elements are used.
Die erfindungsgemässe Verwendung und Anordnung einer Viel¬ zahl von Wärmeleitblechen hat gegenüber einer glatten Ab- sorberflache den Vorteil, dass am Kollektor vorbeiströmen¬ der Luft viel mehr Wärme entzogen wird, weil der Luftstrom einerseits die Wärmeleitbleche beidseitig beaufschlagen kann und andererseits durch die nach verschiedenen Richtung¬ en weisenden Lamellen der Wärmeleitbleche verwirbelt wird. Bekanntlich ist der Wärmeübergang bei turbulenter Strömung besser als bei laminarer.The use and arrangement according to the invention of a large number of heat-conducting sheets has the advantage over a smooth absorber surface that much more heat is removed from the air flowing past the collector because the air flow can act on both sides of the heat-conducting sheets and on the other hand due to the different directions ¬ a pointing fins of the heat conducting plates is swirled. As is well known, the heat transfer in turbulent flow is better than in laminar.
Durch die verhältnismässig geringe erforderliche Anzahl von Rohren pro Flächeneinheit erzielt man ein geringes Volumen und damit eine rasche Umwälzung des Wärmeträgers.Due to the relatively small number of tubes required per unit area, a small volume and thus a rapid circulation of the heat transfer medium are achieved.
Versuche in einem Gebiet mit regel ässigen Winden haben ge¬ zeigt, dass ein erfindungsgemässer Freiluftkollektor mit horizontal angeordnetem und mit Abstand auf dem Flachdach' eines Einfamilienhauses verankertem Rohrregister in Ver¬ bindung mit einer aus der Massenproduktion stammenden Wär¬ mepumpe mit einem Anschlusswert unter 2 kW bei einem Wir¬ kungsgrad von 1 : 5 die im Haus während der Uebergangszeit benötigte Wärmeenergie für Heizung und Warmwasser liefern kann, wobei ein Wärmespeicher von verhältnismässig geringer Grosse ausreichte. Es traten auch bei hohen Windgeschwindig¬ keiten keine störenden Luftgeräusche auf.Tests in an area with regular winds have shown that an outdoor collector according to the invention with a pipe register arranged horizontally and anchored at a distance on the flat roof of a single-family house in connection with a heat pump from mass production with a connected load of less than 2 kW with an efficiency of 1: 5 can supply the thermal energy required for heating and hot water in the house during the transition period, a heat store of relatively small size being sufficient. There were no disturbing air noises even at high wind speeds.
In der Zeichnung ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung schematisch dargestellt, und zwar zeigt:In the drawing, an embodiment of the invention is shown schematically, namely:
Fig. 1 den Grundriss eines horizontal angeordneten Rohrre¬ gisters mit auf die Rohre aufgesetzen Wär eleit- blechen'und Fig. 2 im Querschnitt zwei benachbarte Rohre mit gegen- gl,.eich aufgesetzten Wärmeleitblechen, in grösse- re Massstab.1 shows the floor plan of a horizontally arranged pipe register with heat conducting plates placed on the pipes Fig. 2 in cross-section two adjacent tubes with opposing, .ich placed heat conducting plates, on a larger scale.
Gemäss Fig. 1 ist zwischen einem Vorlaufrohr 1 und einem Rücklaufrohr 2 ein Rohrregister mit grobmaschig angeordne¬ ten Rohren 3 angeordnet. Auf die Rohre 3 sind Wärmeleit¬ bleche 4 aufgesetzt, die gemäss Fig. 2 je aus einem das Rohr umklammernden Mittelstück 5 und zwei von diesem aus- gehende, quer zur Rohrachse und schräg zur Registerebene verlaufende Lamellen 6 bestehen. Die Wärmeleitbleche 4 sind in den längs und"quer zu den Rohren 3 gebildeten Reihen ab¬ wechslungsweise von oben und von unten auf die Rohre aufge¬ setzt, so dass die Lamellen 6 jeweils benachbarter Wärme- leitbleche 4 nach verschiedenen Seiten aus der Registerebe¬ ne 7 herausragen. In Fig. 2 ist die Richtung der Lamellen der auf einem Rohr 3 jeweils benachbarten Wärmeleitbleche mit strichpunktierten Linien angedeutet.1, a pipe register with coarse-mesh pipes 3 is arranged between a feed pipe 1 and a return pipe 2. Heat-conducting sheets 4 are placed on the tubes 3, which, according to FIG. 2, each consist of a central piece 5 clasping the tube and two fins 6 extending therefrom and extending transversely to the tube axis and obliquely to the register plane. The heat-conducting sheets 4 are placed alternately from above and below on the tubes in the rows formed longitudinally and "transversely to the tubes 3, so that the fins 6 of adjacent heat-conducting sheets 4 on different sides from the register level 7, the direction of the fins of the heat-conducting sheets, which are adjacent on a tube 3, is indicated by dash-dotted lines.
Der Freiluftkollektor wird vorzugsweise horizontal ange¬ ordnet, wobei das Rohrregister mit Abstand an einer Stütz¬ fläche, z.B. auf einem Flachdach, verankert wird. Der Ab¬ stand zwischen Rohrregister und Stützfläche ist nötig, da¬ mit der Kollektor beidseitig von der Luftströmung beauf- schlagt wird. Zur Verankerung des Rohrregisters können z.B. einzelne Wärmeleitbleche benützt werden, indem die betref¬ fenden Lamellen parallel nach unten gerichtet und in einen Stützblock eingegossen werden.The open-air collector is preferably arranged horizontally, the pipe register being spaced apart on a support surface, e.g. anchored on a flat roof. The distance between the tube register and the support surface is necessary so that the collector is acted upon on both sides by the air flow. For anchoring the pipe register, e.g. individual heat-conducting sheets are used by the respective fins being directed parallel downwards and poured into a support block.
Der beschriebene Freiluftkollektor kann auch separat auf¬ gestellt und z.B. zugleich als Sonnenschutzdach über einem Gartensitzplatz oder einem Autoparkplatz benutzt werden.The open-air collector described can also be set up separately and e.g. can also be used as a sun protection roof over a garden seat or a car parking space.
Rohrregister und Wärmeleitbleche bestehen vorzugsweise aus Kupfer, wobei die Wärmeleitbleche mit den Röhren verlötetPipe registers and heat conducting plates are preferably made of copper, the heat conducting plates being soldered to the tubes
ΪUREΪURE
OMP IP sind. Das Verlöten dient zur Verbesserung des Wärmeüber¬ gangs und zur Erhöhung der Windfestigkeit. Letzteres könn¬ te man z.B. auch mit zusätzlichen, den Mittelteil 5 der Wär¬ meleitbleche 4 und das Rohr 3 umfassenden, federnden Klam- mern erzielen. Zum Verlöten kann man sich eines pastenför- igen, Lot und Fliessmedium enthaltenden Lötmittels bedie¬ nen, was den Zusammenbau des Kollektors wesentlich erleich¬ tert und zeitlich verkürzt, indem die mit dem Lötmittel auf¬ gesetzten Wärmeleitbleche durch längs der Rohre fortschrei- tende Erwärmung in einem Zuge fixiert werden können. OMP IP are. The soldering serves to improve the heat transfer and to increase the wind resistance. The latter could also be achieved, for example, with additional resilient clamps comprising the central part 5 of the heat-conducting plates 4 and the tube 3. A paste-like solder containing solder and flow medium can be used for soldering, which considerably simplifies assembly of the collector and shortens the time by the heat-conducting plates placed on with the solder due to progressive heating along the tubes can be fixed in one move.

Claims

Patentansprüche Claims
1. Zum Anschluss an eine Wärmepumpe bzw. einen Wärmespei¬ cher bestimmter Freiluftkollektor mit flüssigem Wärme- träger zur Absorption von Strahlungs- und Konvektions¬ wärme, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein grobmaschiges Rohrregister mit auf die Rohre (3) aufgesetzten Wärme¬ leitblechen (4) vorgesehen ist, wobei die Wärmeleit¬ bleche je zwei quer zur Rohrachse und schräg zur Re- gisterebene (7) verlaufende Lamellen (6) aufweisen, und dass die Lamellen jeweils benachbarter Wärmeleit¬ bleche nach verschiedenen Seiten aus der Registerebene herausragen.1. For connection to a heat pump or a heat accumulator certain open-air collector with liquid heat carrier for absorption of radiant and convection heat, characterized in that a coarse-mesh pipe register with heat baffles (4.) Placed on the pipes (3) ) is provided, the heat conducting plates each having two fins (6) running transversely to the tube axis and obliquely to the register level (7), and the fins of adjacent heat conducting plates protruding from the register level on different sides.
2. Freiluftkollektor nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeich¬ net, dass das Rohrregister horizontal angeordnet und mit Abstand an einer Stützfläche verankert ist.2. Outdoor collector according to claim 1, characterized gekennzeich¬ net that the pipe register is arranged horizontally and anchored at a distance to a support surface.
3. Freiluftkollektor nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeich- net, dass das Rohrregister und die Wärmeleitbleche (4) aus Kupfer bestehen.3. Outdoor collector according to claim 1, characterized in that the pipe register and the heat conducting plates (4) consist of copper.
4. Freiluftkollektor nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeich¬ net, dass die Wärmeleitbleche mit den Rohren (3) ver- lötet sind.4. Outdoor collector according to claim 3, characterized gekennzeich¬ net that the heat conducting plates are soldered to the tubes (3).
OMPI ?to OMPI? To
EP82903573A 1981-12-16 1982-12-15 Open air collector for the absorption of convection and radiation heat Withdrawn EP0097173A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH8022/81 1981-12-16
CH802281 1981-12-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0097173A1 true EP0097173A1 (en) 1984-01-04

Family

ID=4333949

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82903573A Withdrawn EP0097173A1 (en) 1981-12-16 1982-12-15 Open air collector for the absorption of convection and radiation heat

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0097173A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1983002148A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007042255A1 (en) * 2007-09-06 2009-03-12 Gather, Kay Solar collector for use in building roof to supply heat energy during hot water treatment, has heat emission surface arranged within pipe and in thermal connection with wall of pipe for delivery of heat received by tube to medium

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB869747A (en) * 1958-09-09 1961-06-07 Sun Heaters Ltd Improvements in absorbers of solar energy
DE2613220A1 (en) * 1976-03-27 1977-10-06 Walter Zink SOLAR PANEL
DE2926931C2 (en) * 1979-07-04 1983-06-01 Werner Dipl.-Ing. 6148 Heppenheim Kellner Heat supply system using prefabricated solar absorbers in a modular system
DE3008815A1 (en) * 1980-03-05 1981-09-10 Harry 2350 Neumünster Haase Ambient heat-absorption equipment - has chamber connected to, or shut=off from ambient air for convection or radiation
DE3010098C2 (en) * 1980-03-15 1984-04-05 Gesellschaft für angewandte Solartechnik mbH, 7888 Rheinfelden Solar collector
DE3038267A1 (en) * 1980-10-10 1982-05-06 Walter 7441 Unterensingen Zink Heat-absorber with parallel pipes - has sheet metal strips woven transversely between pipes in alternating patterns
DE3114202A1 (en) * 1981-04-08 1982-11-04 Helfrecht Manfred HEAT COLLECTOR, PREFERABLY FOR A FLAT ROOF

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO8302148A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1983002148A1 (en) 1983-06-23

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Inventor name: SCHMIDT, JOACHIM