Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
  • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10L1/32—Liquid carbonaceous fuels consisting of coal-oil suspensions or aqueous emulsions or oil emulsions
  • C10L1/326—Coal-water suspensions

Definitions

• This invention relates to carbonaceous materials in water slurries and more particularly to coal in water slurries stabilized with ammonium salts of naphthalenesulfonic acid formaldehyde condensates.
• Transport is one of the major problems involved in use of particulate carbonaceous materials such as coal.
• One method of transport involves aqueous slurries.
• aqueous slurries of finely ground coal containing over 55 weight percent solids are difficult to pump with slurry pumps. This is because as the solids level is increased above 50 weight percent, water and solids tend to separate causing coal particles to build up in various areas in the pumping system. This dewatering of the slurry causes blockage and jamming in the pumping system.
• Stabilized carbonaceous materials in water slurries having reduced viscosity and improved pumpability are obtained by having present an ammonium salt of naphthalenesulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate as a stabilizer, the ammonium condensate being present in an amount sufficient to reduce viscosity of the aqueous carbonaceous slurry and to improve its pumpability.
• ammonium condensate for convenience, is present in the slurry in amounts sufficient to reduce viscosity of the slurry and improve its pumpability.
• Concentration of the ammonium condensate added can be up to 10% by weight, preferably from about 0.01% by weight to about 5.0% by weight.
• from about 0.05% by weight to about 0.5% by weight of the ammonium condensate, based on the total weight of the slurry, i.e., solids plus water, can be used.
• Amount of the ammonium condensate is easily determined by introducing the condensate in an amount sufficient to form a soft sediment.
• the resulting slurries will generally have from about 50 to about 80% by weight solids or higher with the balance being water.
• Ammonium salts of naphthalenesulfonic acid formaldehyde condensates have the following advantages over sodium or other metal salts of these condensates:
• Ammonium condensates are introduced into slurries at any convenient point during their preparation.
• carbonaceous materials encompasses solid particulate carbonaceous fossil fuel materials which may have been powdered or pulverized to a size where at least 80% will pass through a 200 mesh screen (U.S. Series).
• Useful carbonaceous materials include bituminous and anthracite coals, coke, petroleum coke, lignite, charcoal, peat, admixtures thereof and the like. These materials are crushed and milled to obtain finely divided particles suitable for use in pumpable water slurries.
• Water used in slurries may be taken from any available source such as mine, well, river, or lake water or desalinated ocean water having a sufficiently low mineral salt content such that the electrochemistry of the bound water layer and carrier water interface can be controlled and corrosion of milling facilities, pipelines and furnaces will be minimized and controllable.
• ammonium salt of naphthalenesulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate may be prepared by reacting naphthalene with formaldehyde and sulfuric acid and ultimately treating with ammonium hydroxide.
• Useful processes are described in U.S. Patent No. 2,141,569 - Tucker et al - December 27, 1938; U.S. Patent No. 3,193,575 - Nebel et al - July 6, 1965 and U.S. Patent No. 3,277,162 - Johnson - October 4, 1966.
• a naphthalenesulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate is a mixture of condensation products of naphthalenesulfonic acid and formaldehyde. It can be chromatographed by size exclusion chromatography through a column containing pore sizes which selectively separate molecular volumes according to size. The solvent chosen for the acid in chromatography should minimize solute- packing interaction and solute-solute interaction. The chromatogram gives a true molecular volume profile when the eluents are displayed on a detector-strip chart recorder display.
• the chromatogram for a sample of the sulfonic acid used in the examples is the same as that for the sodium naphthaleneformaldehyde sulfonate in U.S. Patent No. 3,954,491 - Adrian et al - May 4, 1976, and the two anionic materials are identical. That is, the anionic materials from the sulfonic acid have the same profile as the anionic materials from the sodium naphthaleneformaldehyde sulfonate having lowest elution volumes of from about 61 to about 70% of the total elution volume and equivalent elution volumes of from about 61 to about 70% of the total elution volume.
• the additive solution used as a control was a 34% sodium condensate solution.
• the other two additive solutions were a 40% ammonium condensate solution having a pH of 6.5 and a 42.3% ammonium condensate solution having a pH of 4.0. Samples of the blank, control and ammonium condensate treated slurries were then evaluted by the procedure described above to obtain the following results:

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
• Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=23489000

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Cited By (1)

Families Citing this family (1)

Family Cites Families (1)

• 1982
  • 1982-07-05 CA CA000406586A patent/CA1179132A/en not_active Expired
• 1983
  • 1983-04-12 EP EP83103530A patent/EP0093883A3/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 1983-04-15 AU AU13561/83A patent/AU554665B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1983-04-18 JP JP58068258A patent/JPS58199032A/ja active Pending

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events