EP0092399B1 - Geschichtete Blattfeder - Google Patents

Geschichtete Blattfeder Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0092399B1
EP0092399B1 EP83302138A EP83302138A EP0092399B1 EP 0092399 B1 EP0092399 B1 EP 0092399B1 EP 83302138 A EP83302138 A EP 83302138A EP 83302138 A EP83302138 A EP 83302138A EP 0092399 B1 EP0092399 B1 EP 0092399B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spring
depression
component
assembly according
locating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83302138A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0092399A2 (de
EP0092399A3 (en
Inventor
Barry John Marsh
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GKN Technology Ltd
Original Assignee
GKN Technology Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=26282609&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0092399(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by GKN Technology Ltd filed Critical GKN Technology Ltd
Priority to AT83302138T priority Critical patent/ATE23610T1/de
Publication of EP0092399A2 publication Critical patent/EP0092399A2/de
Publication of EP0092399A3 publication Critical patent/EP0092399A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0092399B1 publication Critical patent/EP0092399B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F1/00—Springs
    • F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
    • F16F1/366—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers made of fibre-reinforced plastics, i.e. characterised by their special construction from such materials
    • F16F1/368—Leaf springs
    • F16F1/3683—Attachments or mountings therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G11/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs
    • B60G11/02—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having leaf springs only
    • B60G11/10—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or kind of springs having leaf springs only characterised by means specially adapted for attaching the spring to axle or sprung part of the vehicle
    • B60G11/113—Mountings on the axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2200/00—Indexing codes relating to suspension types
    • B60G2200/30—Rigid axle suspensions
    • B60G2200/31—Rigid axle suspensions with two trailing arms rigidly connected to the axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/40—Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
    • B60G2204/43—Fittings, brackets or knuckles
    • B60G2204/4306—Bracket or knuckle for rigid axles, e.g. for clamping

Definitions

  • This invention relates to leaf springs made of a composite, fibre reinforced resin, material. More particularly, the invention relates to the provision of means by which another member or component can accurately be located relative to a spring.
  • a leaf spring will usually require an axle to be secured to it at or near its centre. Such securing will normally be carried out by a clamp arrangement embracing the spring, but this does not provide location of the axle longitudinally of the spring. This has been done by a hole drilled through the spring to receive a bolt or the like, but unless the disposition of such a hole is carefully chosen it can affect the properties of the spring. In any event, it is inconvenient to have to drill a hole through the spring in an additional manufacturing operation.
  • a further situation where some form of locating means for spring is required is if an assembly of two or more leaf springs is used. The individual springs will typically require to be held in fixed positions relative to one another at one point along their lengths. It is the object of the present invention to provide an improved means whereby such location can be achieved.
  • GB-A-1266421 An example of a clamped assembly of a leaf spring and a component secured thereto is disclosed in GB-A-1266421. Relative positioning of the spring and component is provided by a locating element in the form of a pin or bolt engaging with a blind hole in the spring and the component secured thereto.
  • a locating element in the form of a pin or bolt engaging with a blind hole in the spring and the component secured thereto.
  • the pin or bolt and the corresponding hole in the spring are of a configuration which would not be suitable for use with a spring made of composite material, since it would disadvantageously affect the properties of the spring.
  • an assembly comprising a leaf spring of composite, fibre reinforced resin, material, and a clamping means engaging said spring and also engaging a further component, to secure said component to the spring, characterised by a depression in a surface of the spring adjacent said component, said depression being shallow relative to the thickness of the spring, having sloping walls and having been formed in the spring during manufacture thereof in a moulding process whereby fibres adjacent said depression remain substantially undisplaced by the formation thereof, and a locating element having a head portion of shape corresponding to, and fitting into, said depression and a body portion engaging said component to determine the position of said component relative to the spring.
  • the head portion of the locating element, and the depression in the spring may be of part-spherical shape.
  • the head portion of the locating element could have a flat top, and the depression in the spring have a flat bottom.
  • the invention provides that the body portion of the locating element may extend through an aperture in the resilient element. If the resilient element is secured to the spring by an adhesive, which is desirable because it prevents dirt entering between the surface of the spring and the resilient element, the resilient element will serve to retain the locating element in engagement with the spring. This facilitates assembly of the spring and component.
  • the resilient element preferably comprises a polyurethane rubber material having a Shore D hardness in the range 50-60, and good resistance to abrasion.
  • the resilient element preferably extends, longitudinally of the spring, beyond the spring-engaging end of the component secured thereto.
  • a locating element is possible whether the component secured to the spring is an axle of associated part, or another composite spring.
  • a further locating element of similar form to the first element may be used, engaging a depression in the further spring, with the body portions of the two locating elements co-operating with one another, either directly or by way of a spacer member between the springs.
  • the spring comprises fibres the majority of which extend longitudinally of the spring, set in a resin such as an epoxy resin.
  • the fibres may be glass fibres.
  • the spring is manufacutred by assembling a succession of layers of fibres impregnated with resin until the required thickness of spring is built up, and introducing such assembly into a closed press tool between relatively movable upper and lower elements 11, 12. The assembly is subjected to heat and pressure to cure the resin and mould the finished spring.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a locating element 13 on the lower element 12 of the press tool.
  • the locating element has a head portion 14, which is relatively shallow and is of part-spherical form, and a body portion 15 which is of cylindrical form with an end chamfer and which extends into an aperture 16 in the element 12.
  • the head portion 14 of the locating element forms a shallow, sloping walled, recess in the spring during the curing of the resin thereof.
  • the locating element may remain secured to the spring by adhesion to the resin thereof when the spring is removed from the moulding press, to provide for location of another component relative to the spring as described hereafter.
  • the element 15 may remain in the press element 12, to leave a recess, of shape corresponding to its head portion, in the spring.
  • FIG. 2 shows one form of the locating element 13 in more detail.
  • Its head portion may be provided with recesses 17 into which, during the moulding operation to form the spring, resin and fibres enter to provide a more positive securement of the locating element to the spring.
  • the recesses 17 comprise grooves extending parallel to one another across the head of the locating element, and the locating element preferably would be placed in the press tool element 12 such that the grooves extend longitudinally of the spring, i.e. in the same direction as the majority of the fibres in the spring adjacent thereto.
  • Figure 3 illustrates what can occur if a deep or unduly steep sided depression is formed in the spring, which is that the fibres become displaced laterally and leave areas 19 on either side of the depression which comprise mostly resin with very few fibres. This could disadvantageously affect the properties of the spring. According to the invention, however, because of the configuration of the depression the fibres remain largely undisturbed by the formation thereof and the properties of the spring are not disadvantageously affected.
  • FIG. 4 of the drawings shows an assembly according to the invention. It comprises two composite springs 20, 21 which are parallel to one another and separated by a spacer element 26. Above spring 20 there is disposed a clamping plate 29, and below spring 21 a clamping plate 32 and an element 33 connected to a part 34 of an axle beam.
  • a U-bolt 35 embraces the assembly, and has the free end of its limbs threaded to receive nuts, not shown, by which the assembly is clamped tightly to hold the elements of the assembly together.
  • the position of springs 20, 21 is determined relative to one another by locating elements 22, 23, with head portions engaging depressions in the respective springs and body portions which engage opposite ends of an aperture extending through the spacer element 26:
  • the position of clamping plate 29 relative to spring 20 is determined by a locating element 27 whose head engages a depression in the opposite surface of spring 20 to that engaged by the locating element 22, and a body portion engaging an aperture in clamping plate 29.
  • a locating element 30 engages a depression in the opposite side of spring 21 to that engaged by locating element 23, and has a body portion extending through an aperture in clamping plate 32 and engaging component 33 so that the position of the axle beam 34 is determined relative to the spring 21.
  • a relatively thin element of a resilient material is provided on each clamped surface of the springs 20, 21.
  • Such elements are shown at 24, 25, 28, 31.
  • These elements are of a sheet polyurethane rubber material, having a Shore D hardness in the range 50-60 and good resistance to abrasion. They are secured to the surfaces of the springs by adhesive, and retain the locating elements 22, 23, 27, 30 in position in the depression in the springs, if the locating elements are not themselves adhesively secured as described above.
  • the purpose of the elements of resilient material is to spread the clamping load into the spring material, and to prevent dirt penetrating to the spring clamped surfaces to cause abrasive wear.
  • a suitable material for the resilient elements is a polyurethane rubber known as Dunlop 'Prescollan', Grade 27 A 13, Hardness 55 Short D.
  • the elements of such material may be about 1.5 mm thick.
  • the head portions of the locating elements are not of part-spherical configuration. They comprise successive frusto-conical portions. However, such head portions are still relatively shallow compared with the thickness of the springs, and have side walls which slope such that they do not disadvantageously affect the disposition of fibres within the springs.
  • the body portions of the locating elements prefferably be of different configuration to the cylindrical form illustrated, as required to engage with specific components to be secured to springs. It would be possible for the body portions of locating elements 22, 23 to interfit with one another, e.g. by a spigot and socket, as an alternative or in addition to engaging in opposite ends of the aperture in the spacer element 26.
  • the depth of the depression formed in the spring to receive the head of the locating element may be approximately 3 mm, the overall thickness of the spring being of the order of 30 mm.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)

Claims (9)

1. Anordnung bestehend aus einer Blattfeder (10, 21) aus geschichtetem, faserverstärktem Harzwerkstoff und Klemmitteln (35), die einerseits in die Feder (10, 21) und andererseits in ein weiteres Bauteil (33, 34, 20) eingreifen, um das genannte Bauteil an der Feder zu befestigen, gekennzeichnet durch eine Vertiefung in der Federoberfläche in der Nähe des Bauteils (33, 34, 20), wobei die Vertiefung im Verhältnis zu der Dicke der Feder flach ist, schräg verlaufende Wände aufweist und bei der Herstellung der Feder in diese mittels eines Formverfahrens eingeformt ist, bei dem die Einformung die an die vertiefung angrenzenden Fasern im wesentlichen unverdrängt bleiben, und durch ein Ausrichtelement (13, 30, 23, 22, 27) mit einem Kopfabschnitt, dessen Form der der Vertiefung entspricht und in diese hineinpasst und einem Mittelstück (15), das in das genannte Bauteil eingreift, um die Lage dieses Bauteils gegenüber der Feder festzulegen.
2. Anordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kopfabschnitt (14) und die Vertiefung eine teilsphärische Form aufweisen.
3. Anordnung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Ausrichtelement (13) an der Feder durch eine Klebverbindung zwischen dem Kopfabschnitt (14) und der Oberfläche der Vertiefung in der Feder (10) befestigt ist.
4. Anordnung nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch ein aus einem elastischen Werkstoff hergestelltes Element (31, 25), das zwischen der Feder (21) und dem Bauteil (33, 20) angeordnet ist, wobei sich das Mittelstück des Ausrichtelementes (30) durch eine Öffnung in dem elastischen Element (31) erstreckt.
5. Anordnung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das elastische Element (31, 25) mittels eines Klebstoffs an der Feder befestigt ist.
6. Anordnung nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das elastische Element (31, 25) aus einem Polyurethangummi besteht, der eine Shore-D-Härte von 50-60 und eine gute Abriebfestigkeit aufweist.
7. Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich das elastische Element (31, 25) in Längsrichtung der Feder über das in die Feder angreifende Ende des Bauteils (32, 33, 20, 26) hinaus erstreckt.
8. Anordnung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das besagte Bauteil aus eine weitere Blattfeder (20) aus einem geschichteten Material aufweist, und dass ein weiteres Ausrichtelement (22) mit einem Kopfabschnitt vorgesehen ist, der sich in eine flache, mit schräg verlaufenden Wandung versehene Vertiefung in der weiteren Feder (20) hinein erstreckt und mit einem Mittelstück wobei die Mittelstücke der Ausrichtelemente (23, 22) zusammen wirken, um die Stellung der Federn relativ zueinander festzulegen.
9. Anordnung nach Anspruch 8, gekennzeichnet durch einen Abstandskörper (26) zwischen den Federn und dass die Mittelstücke der Ausrichtelemente (23, 22) in Ausformung in dem Abstandskörper (26) eingreifen.
EP83302138A 1982-04-21 1983-04-15 Geschichtete Blattfeder Expired EP0092399B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83302138T ATE23610T1 (de) 1982-04-21 1983-04-15 Geschichtete blattfeder.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8211553 1982-04-21
GB8211553 1982-04-21
GB8226139 1982-09-14
GB8226139 1982-09-14

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0092399A2 EP0092399A2 (de) 1983-10-26
EP0092399A3 EP0092399A3 (en) 1983-11-30
EP0092399B1 true EP0092399B1 (de) 1986-11-12

Family

ID=26282609

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83302138A Expired EP0092399B1 (de) 1982-04-21 1983-04-15 Geschichtete Blattfeder

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US4508325A (de)
EP (1) EP0092399B1 (de)
AU (1) AU561347B2 (de)
BR (1) BR8301957A (de)
CA (1) CA1201135A (de)
DE (1) DE3367659D1 (de)
DK (1) DK174083A (de)
ES (1) ES271574Y (de)
GB (1) GB2119725B (de)

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8315704D0 (en) * 1983-06-08 1983-07-13 Gkn Technology Ltd Securing components to springs of composite material
US4969633A (en) * 1983-10-19 1990-11-13 A. O. Smith Corporation Molded fiber reinforced plastic leaf spring
US4637595A (en) * 1984-06-26 1987-01-20 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Leaf spring assembly
GB2166839B (en) * 1984-11-08 1988-02-17 Gkn Technology Ltd Leaf spring assemblies
GB8508705D0 (en) * 1985-04-03 1985-05-09 Gkn Technology Ltd Securing components to springs of composite material
DE3527899A1 (de) * 1985-08-03 1987-02-12 Boehler Ag Federung fuer fahrzeuge
DE3532297C1 (de) * 1985-09-11 1987-04-23 Arbed Techno Gmbh Faserverstaerkte Kunststoff-Blattfeder
US6012709A (en) * 1997-08-06 2000-01-11 Pacific Coast Composites Hybrid leaf spring and suspension system for supporting an axle on a vehicle
GB9910705D0 (en) * 1999-05-10 1999-07-07 Meritor Heavy Vehicle Sys Ltd Suspension arm assembly
US6461455B1 (en) 2000-01-24 2002-10-08 Pacific Coast Composites Method of producing a hybrid leaf spring
US7651107B1 (en) * 2002-07-25 2010-01-26 Daimler Trucks North America Llc Suspension deflection system
WO2011056553A2 (en) * 2009-10-26 2011-05-12 Renosol Corporation Composite leaf spring
US9050870B2 (en) * 2012-05-30 2015-06-09 Hendrickson Usa, L.L.C. Energy storing suspension components having retention recesses
KR102415657B1 (ko) * 2017-08-09 2022-07-04 현대자동차주식회사 복합재 리프스프링을 구비한 차량용 현가장치

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1379798A (en) * 1920-04-12 1921-05-31 Earl F Burgess Vehicle-spring-retaining means
US2161838A (en) * 1936-10-30 1939-06-13 Tom H Thompson Leaf spring and liner construction
US2253255A (en) * 1940-09-14 1941-08-19 American Locomotive Co Laminated spring
US2299873A (en) * 1941-05-03 1942-10-27 Chrysler Corp Leaf spring
US2539091A (en) * 1947-06-27 1951-01-23 Frank E Linke Spring mounting for automotive vehicles
US2587522A (en) * 1947-07-25 1952-02-26 William Pilkington Sr Leaf spring construction
DE6608349U (de) * 1968-05-10 1971-08-26 Brueninghaus Gmbh Stahlwerke Mittenbefestigung fuer federblaetter.
US3586307A (en) * 1969-06-25 1971-06-22 North American Rockwell Composite spring assembly
US3900357A (en) * 1970-05-04 1975-08-19 Edgewater Corp Composite material springs and manufacture
JPS54141944A (en) * 1978-04-27 1979-11-05 Nhk Spring Co Ltd Frp leaf spring

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4508325A (en) 1985-04-02
GB8310297D0 (en) 1983-05-18
CA1201135A (en) 1986-02-25
AU561347B2 (en) 1987-05-07
DK174083D0 (da) 1983-04-20
EP0092399A2 (de) 1983-10-26
ES271574U (es) 1983-10-16
DE3367659D1 (en) 1987-01-02
GB2119725A (en) 1983-11-23
BR8301957A (pt) 1983-12-20
ES271574Y (es) 1984-04-16
DK174083A (da) 1983-10-22
AU1304283A (en) 1983-10-27
EP0092399A3 (en) 1983-11-30
GB2119725B (en) 1985-10-30

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