EP0091980A2 - Safety-cap bracket - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Framework headway timbering in mine and tunnel construction comprising a steel section roof member (6), a steel section prop (4) offset behind the roof member face and a safety roof member shoe (18) connecting the steel sections of the roof member (6) and the prop (4), the shoe having a support plate (25) wiht integrally formed bearing plates (28, 29) which enclose the steel section prop (4), and recesses (30) for a prop connection stay (23) which penetrates the steel section of the prop (4), wherein a bearing block (32) for the roof member connection stay (20) is formed integrally with the support plate (25), on both sides of which block are provided bearing surfaces (39, 40) for the corresponding bearing surfaces (41, 42) of a hub (43, 44) of a respective wedge member (45, 46) with can be threaded on the roof member connection stay (20), wherein the U-shaped wedges (45, 46) embrace a lower flange (10) of the roof member section (6), characterized in that the roof member section (6), have semicircular recesses (59, 60) and the U-section flange (53) of each wedge (45, 46) has rounded off gaps (56) and connecting curves (55) as well as rounded off tops, whereby the wedges (45, 46) engage the lower flange (10) of the roof member section (6) and are fixed to the roof member connection stay (20) in such a way that the interlocking indentation bring about and maintain positive locking as well as securing the wedges (45, 46) against rotation when the support plate (25) pivots abut the axis (65) of the roof member connection stay.

Description

The invention relates to a safety cap shoe for door sections made of steel profile segments of track construction in mining and tunneling, in which each doorstep stamp is offset inward behind the face of the cap assigned to it and with its cap-side end under a support plate between these one-piece bearing plates for a stamp connecting pin penetrating them is arranged and cooperates with a cap connecting bolt, for which a one-piece bearing block is formed above the support plate, rolling surfaces for pivoting movements around one of the bolts preferably being formed on the support plate.

In particular, the invention relates to route expansion, for example in hard coal mining, with the caps of the door frames generally being used for reasons of price reduction and Simplification consist of I or rail profiles and either one-piece stamps also from I-profiles or multi-part, resilient stamps made of so-called channel profiles, i.e. profiles that can be inserted into each other, are used. In the latter case, it also happens that the cap consists in one piece of a channel profile section.

Safety cut shoes differ from the previously used cut shoes in their ability to prevent the caps supported by the stamps from tipping over. The improvement in security lies in the fact that when torsion stresses occur on the door frame cap or its profile, it can no longer slide off the cap shoe and / or the stamp thus supported, so that in these cases the door frame cannot collapse. In principle, this can be achieved with the help of the cap connecting bolt, which is held in a correspondingly designed bearing block of the cap shoe and interacts with the stamp connecting bolt, which passes through the stamp and the bearing plates, and thereby blocks the stamp with the shoe.

On the other hand, in the wake of the rock pressure and the movements of the mountains surrounding the cross-section, the shape of the door frame exceeds the elastic range and leaves permanent changes in shape of the expansion, which the expansion must survive without a significant loss of its load-bearing capacity. This applies to the area of the miter shoes for the so-called "miter", with which the stamps are placed under the caps. That angle is inevitably changed, especially when inserting multi-part stamps; However, this is to a Beschä _- suffered by expansion as long as possible be delayed. The rolling surfaces are used for this purpose, via which the components supported on one another can be rotated or displaced.

Finally, it is also necessary that, despite the low friction of the steel parts supported on one another, the stamp or the cut shoe is prevented from slipping along the door frame cap occur in the course of the so-called convergence of the hanging, if, for example, sections standing in the seam with the door frame expansion built on picks.

The invention is based on a known safety shoe (DE-OS 29 15 782); this is in two parts, ie divided in two in its longitudinal direction. The security in the case of torsional stresses on the caps is achieved with lugs arranged on each half of the cap shoe, which protrude inward beyond the end face of the cap and form contact surfaces for the cap web, but are also penetrated by the cap connecting bolt. The security against slipping along the cap profile, in particular under the influence of the impact pressures discussed above, is achieved by at least one bolt which overlaps the relevant end face of the cap and which simultaneously holds the two halves of the cap together. The rolling surfaces are in each formed a throat, which is formed by the support plate and the aforementioned projections.

Such a kappschuh is extremely versatile in the manner described and, because of its symmetrical structure, does not cause any problems in the provision of the necessary construction material. However, due to its multipart nature, it requires a large number of screws, which not only complicates the assembly, but can also increase the technical complexity to such an extent that the economic advantage of the door frame removal over more complicated types or shapes can be questioned or lost altogether . In addition, such cut shoes are out of the question for newer forms of door frame expansion.

These door frame designs are based on considerations that mainly result from mechanization and rationalization in connection with the stability of the expanded cross-section. If you create the butt of a door frame section with scraper rollers, you get a right-angled cross-section at this point, which of course can also be created in other ways. If you want to put the stamp with the required miter at the end of the caps, there remains an undeveloped edge strip depending on the miter between the track joint and the tip of the cap. This can adversely affect stability. But if you want to support the edge strip with the caps as well, without foregoing the miter of the stamps, then the stamps must be placed at a distance from the respective cap tips. Suitable for this However, the known Kappschuhe which meet the requirements described above are not.

The invention has for its object to simplify the known known Kappschuh and to maintain its security properties so that it the setting of the door frame stamp at a distance from the associated end face of the cap with the desired miter and slip-resistant, i.e. with the required form fit.

This object is achieved in that the bearing block forms part of a channel open at both ends, in which a longitudinal section of the cap lower flange is arranged between parallel walls through which the cap connecting bolt passes and that the support plate is formed in one piece and on its underside for the stamp face for Rotations around the stamp connection bolt or on its top on or under the channel base for rotations around the cap connection bolt has the rolling surfaces.

Here, the cap shoe can be attached along the cap as far as desired from its front side due to its channel open on both sides, but can be positively fixed with the cap connecting bolt, so that a slip-proof, ie positive attachment of the cap shoe is ensured. On the other hand, the one-piece design leads to the desired simplification , because apart from the cap connection bolt only the stamp connection bolt is to be provided as a further screw bolt needs and additional bolts are not required. The lack of these bolts, on the other hand, also makes it possible to use the cap or the stamp connection bolt as pivot axes for the miter and its modification and to arrange the rolling surfaces in the cap shoe accordingly. As a result, different expansion aspects, but also different expansion profile weights or shapes of the stamp and the cap can be taken into account. This also results in an uplifting _- Liche simplification.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the form fit of the cap shoe is achieved with the door frame cap without having to accept a weakening of the cap profile, in particular the web of an I profile or a rail profile. According to the invention it is provided for this purpose that the bearing block forms the center piece of the channel sole and one channel sole edge is formed with the channel wall adjoining it in a cheek that can be threaded onto the cap connecting bolt and has a toothing on its inside, in the gaps of which are formed by recesses in the cap flange Engage teeth. This ensures an absolutely shift-proof attachment of the Kappschuhs on the door frame cap without the load capacity is impaired.

This embodiment of the invention also has the advantage that it creates the conditions for arranging the rolling surfaces on the support plate. This is done according to the invention in that hubs are formed on the jaws, which are cylindrical to conical Have shell section surfaces, which roll on rotation around the cap connecting bolt on curved surfaces which are formed next to the bearing block on the support plate.

The positive locking can also be achieved without significantly affecting the load-bearing capacity of the cap profile when using the gutter profiles discussed above in that the bearing block and the channel walls form a structural unit that define aligned holes for receiving the cap connecting bolt and that the rolling surfaces for rotation around the Stamp connecting bolts are arranged on the inside of the support plate next to the bearing plates.

Since in such an embodiment the bearing plates can enclose the upper end of a channel profile section with its flanges, door sticks can be realized in such an embodiment, the caps and / or stamps of which consist of channel profile sections. Overall, however, such embodiments also have the advantage that the arrangement of the rolling surfaces can be selected. This is because they can also be designed for rotations around the cap connecting bolt on the channel base.

• Fig. 1 in abgebrochener Darstellung den rechten Stoß eines Türstockausbaus gemäß der Erfindung,
• Fig. 2 einen Schnitt längs der Linie II-II der Fig. 1 in ebenfalls abgebrochener Darstellung,
• Fig. 3 einen Schnitt längs der Linie III-III der Fig. 1 unter Fortlassung des Stempelprofils,
• Fig. 4 in auseinandergezogener perspektivischer Darstellung den Kappschuh gemäß der Erfindung gemäß der Ausführungsform nach den Fig. l bis 3,
• Fig. 5 in der Fig. 1 entsprechender Darstellung eine abgeänderte Ausführungsform der Erfindung,
• Fig. 6 in vergrößerter Darstellung den Kappschuh gemäß der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 5 bei verschiedenen Relativstellungen von Stempel und Türstockkappe in abgebrochener Darstellung unter Fortlassung des Stempels,
• Fig. 7 in perspektivischer Darstellung eine Draufsicht auf den Kappschuh gemäß der Ausführungsform nach den Fig. 5 und 6,
• Fig. 8 den Gegenstand der Fig. 7 in abgebrochener Darstellung des Kappenprofils unter Fortlassung des Stempelprofils im wesentlichen in einer Ansicht von unten bei perspektivischer Wiedergabe,
• Fig. 9 in den Fig. 1 und 5 entsprechender Darstellung eine weiter abgeänderte Ausführungsform der Erfindung,
• Fig. 10 eine perspektivische Darstellung des Kappschuhs in der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 9 mit Blickrichtung in das Innere der Strecke,
• Fig. 11 einen Schnitt längs der Linie XI-XI der Fig. 10, wobei in strichpunktierter Linienführung mehrere mögliche Gehrungsstellungen des Stempels wiedergegeben sind.

The details, further features and other advantages of the invention result from the following description of several embodiments of the invention with reference to the figures in the drawing; show it

• 1 is a broken view of the right joint of a door frame extension according to the invention,
• 2 shows a section along the line II-II of FIG. 1 in a likewise broken representation,
• 3 shows a section along the line III-III of FIG. 1, omitting the stamp profile,
• 4 in an exploded perspective view the kappschuh according to the invention according to the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 3,
• 5 corresponding representation of a modified embodiment of the invention,
• 6 shows an enlarged representation of the toe shoe according to the embodiment according to FIG. 5 with different relative positions of the stamp and doorstep cap in a broken-away representation while leaving out the stamp,
• 7 is a perspective view of a top view of the Kappschuh according to the embodiment of FIGS. 5 and 6,
• 8 shows the subject of FIG. 7 in a broken away representation of the cap profile, leaving out the stamp profile, essentially in a view from below with a perspective representation,
• 9 in FIGS. 1 and 5 corresponding representation a further modified embodiment of the invention,
• 10 is a perspective view of the Kappschuh in the embodiment of FIG. 9 looking in the interior of the route,
• Fig. 11 is a section along the line XI-XI of Fig. 10, with several possible miter positions of the stamp are shown in dash-dotted lines.

According to the illustration in FIG. 1, a stage hole 3 in which a shock stamp 4 is located is excluded in the sole 1 of a section generally designated 2. The route joint is formed by a coal joint 6a running at right angles to the base 1 and to the slope 5. In the embodiment according to FIG. 1, the cap of a door frame 6 consists of an I-section section 7 (FIG. 3). Accordingly, the profile has a profile flange 8 facing the hanging wall 5, a profile web 9 and a lower flange 10. The lower flange 10 is supported by the stamp 4.

The plunger 4 in turn consists of two channel profile sections 11, 12 which are placed one inside the other with their mutually facing ends and form an overlap 14 which are held together with clamping connections 15, 16 which are known per se and are therefore not shown in detail. They allow a yield in the overlap 14 when a certain pressure on the is exceeded Stamp faces, the overlap 14 increases accordingly. The channel profile is shown generally at 17 in FIG. 1.

The connection of the stamp 4 to the door frame cap 6 and of course the stamp, not shown, which is located at the opposite end of the line, takes place with a capping shoe, which is generally designated 18 in FIG. 1. This Kappschuh can be seen from the illustration in FIG. 4.

4, the Kappschuh - apart from a cap connection bolt 20 with a hexagon head 21 and hexagon nut 22 (Fig. 3) and a punch connection bolt 23 (Fig. 1) of the bolt 20 corresponding training - in three parts. The main piece has a support plate 25, on the underside 26 of which the end face 27 of the stamp 4 can be supported. In one piece with the support plate 25, the two bearing plates 28, 29 are formed, which enclose the flanges 30, 31 of the channel profile 17 and have cylindrical recesses or bores 33, 34 (FIG. 3), which are aligned with one another and accommodate the stamp connection bolt 23. A center support 35 is arranged between the two support plates, which has a support surface 36 for the bottom 37 of the channel profile 17.

On the top of the support plate 25, a bearing block 32 is formed, which has a cylindrical recess 38 for receiving the cap connecting bolt 20. Both sides of the bearing block 32 are on the top of the support plate 25 rolling surfaces 39, 40 recessed, which are conical surfaces according to the embodiment of FIG. 4. They correspond to rolling surfaces which are each formed on the cone shells 41, 42 of a hub 43, 44, which are formed in one piece with a jaw 45 or 46. The hubs have recesses 47, 48 corresponding to the recess 38 and can therefore be threaded onto the cap connecting bolt 20 in the manner shown in FIG. 3. The tapered surfaces 41, 42 converge towards the bearing block 32.

As can be seen from the example of the jaw 46, the upper part is generally U-shaped. The lower, longer web 50 of the upper part, generally designated 51, is longer than the upper U-profile web 52. On the inside of the U-profile flange 53, a toothing 54 is attached. As can be seen at 55, the tips and the subsequent tooth flanks are rounded. These curves merge into the curves of the tooth gaps 56.

As can be seen in particular in FIG. 2, the longitudinal edges 57, 58 of the lower flange 10 of the door frame cap 6 have semicircular recesses 59 and 60, which are arranged at such a distance from one another that teeth 61 and 62 with flattened tooth tips 63 are formed fit into the recesses 56. Conversely, the rounded teeth 55 fit into the recesses 59 and 60 of the cap.

For assembly, the middle piece with the support plate 25 is first attached to the cap-side end face of the stamp 4 in the by attaching the stamp connection bolt 1 shown attached way. Then the stamp can make no relative movements relative to the support plate 25. Then the stamp is placed in the prepared stage hole 3, whereupon the two jaws 45, 46 are placed on the lower flange 10 in such a way that the serrations fit into one another. Then the cap connecting bolt 20 can be inserted through the aligned recesses 47, 48 and 38 and fixed in the manner shown in FIG. 3 by applying its nut 22 to the spindle part of the bolt. So that the Kappschuh 18 and thus the stamp 4 connected to it is fully assembled. The interlocking teeth bring about a positive connection, which is maintained with the cap connecting bolt 20 and results in a non-slip fixing. The miter of the punch 4 can be adjusted by choosing the location of the Kappschuh18 or its jaws 45, 46. When the cap 6 yields, the miter increases. Here, a pivoting of the support plate 25 about the axis 65 of the cap connecting bolt 20 occurs, but the jaws 45, 46 do not participate.

As can be seen in particular from FIG. 3, the bearing block 32 accordingly forms the middle section of a receiving channel, generally designated 66, for the lower flange 10 of the cap profile, while on each jaw there is an edge 67 or 68 of the channel sole and the adjacent channel wall 69, 69of are trained. However, the channel is open on both sides, on which the adjustability of the miter of the stamp 4 is based. As can be seen, the support plate 25 is formed in one piece and carries the rolling surfaces 39, 40 for rotations on its upper side around the cap connecting bolt 20.

The embodiment according to FIGS. 5 to 8 does not differ in principle from this. 7, the support plate 70 is also made in one piece in this embodiment and forms the sole 7l of the channel 72 of the underside of the cap, which in this case is from the bottom 37 and the inner parts of the two flanges 30, 31 adjoining it of the channel profile section 73 is formed, with which the door cap 6 is realized in the embodiment according to FIGS. 4 to 8. The flanges 74, 75 of the channel profile 73 are, as is customary in these cases, assigned to the hanging part 5. The cap connecting bolt 20 passes through mutually aligned bores 76 which are provided in the profile flanges 30, 31 of the door frame cap 6. They are therefore located at a point which is arranged in the region of the neutral fiber for bending the cap, so that the bores 76 do not lead to any significant loss in strength in the cap.

7, the bearing block 77 is in two parts in this case. It forms the two channel walls 78, 79 and therefore a structural unit with these. These channel walls in turn carry recesses 80, 81, in which the cap connecting bolt 20 is received, and in addition have inwardly projecting ribs 82, 83, 84, on which contact surfaces are provided for the outside of the profile flanges. A recess 85 in the channel base serves to receive a rounded profile base provided in some channel profiles. With these so-called floor-supported channel profiles Accordingly, the recess 85 in the channel base 71 supports the profile, while the curved contact surfaces on the ribs 81-84 can be used to support the so-called flange-supported channel profile shown in FIG. 8 and already described in connection with the stamp 4 according to FIG . In this way it is possible to cope with different profile shapes and different profile weights with the same shoe.

Otherwise, the underside of the support plate 70 carries, as in the embodiment according to FIG. 4, the parts 28, 29 and 32, 36 described there for the punch 4 and the punch connecting bolt 23.

The assembly of the kappschuh according to the embodiment according to FIGS. 5-8 takes place in essentially the same way as has been described in connection with the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 4 above. It is only necessary, after mounting the stamp connection bolt 23, to incline the stamp 4 in the stage hole 3 inwards, so that the channel can be aligned with the underside of the door frame cap 6. Then one brings the punch 4 to the miter provided and can insert and tighten the cap connecting bolt 20 into the recesses 80 and 81 thus aligned with the bores 76.

The slip resistance is based on the positive locking of the cap connecting bolt 20 with the cutouts 80 and 81. The rolling surfaces are on the upper sides 86 and 87 of the channel edges for rotations around the cap connection bolt 20 formed. The pivoting movements which are possible as a result result from the positions of the door frame cap 6 on the rolling surface 87 which are shown in dash-dot lines, which is shown in FIG. 6.

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 9-11, on the other hand, the opening between the two legs 30, 31 of a channel profile, which can be seen in particular from the illustration in FIG. 8, is used in particular directly below the flanges 74, 75 for the pivoting movement of the stamp 4. For this purpose, under the support plate 90, which forms the channel bottom 91 with the two channel walls 92, 93, which in turn form a structural unit with the bearing block, as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 5-8, rolling surfaces 94, 95 on the underside of the support plate 90 rotations are formed around the stamp connection bolt 23. The stamp connection bolt is inserted on the one hand through recesses 96, 97 of the jaws 98, 99, which are in one piece with the support plate 90 and penetrate the flanges 30 and 31 of the channel profile, which are provided with holes, from which the two sections 11 and 12 of the stamp 4, as shown in FIG 1 are composed. Between the two rolling surfaces is the support 35, which in turn is formed in one piece with the support plate 90.

As can be seen from the illustration in FIG. 11, the punch can be moved from its miter position at 100, in which its end face 101 is supported on the rolling surfaces 94, 95, even into a vertical position, as at 102 shown, spend with appropriate deformation of the door frame without that there are overloads. It is then supported with its end face 101 on the flat surface section 103 of the support plate 90, which adjoins the rolling surfaces 94, 95.

Claims (6)

1. Safety cap shoe (18) for door sections of the track extension in mining and tunnel construction consisting of steel profile segments (4, 6), in which each door frame stamp (4) is displaced inward behind the end face of the caps (6) assigned to it and with its cap-side end under a support plate (25, 70, 90) is arranged between this with one-piece bearing plates (28, 29, 98, 99) for a punch connecting bolt (23) passing through it and cooperates with a cap connecting bolt (20), for which one with the support plate one-piece bearing block (32) is formed, rolling surfaces (39, 40; 86, 87; 94, 95) being formed on the support plate (25, 70, 90) for pivoting movements around one of the bolts (20, 23), characterized in that that the bearing block (32) forms part of a channel (66) which is open at both ends and in which a longitudinal section of the underside of the cap (10) is arranged between parallel walls (67, 68, 69, 69a, 78, 79, 92, 93) which the cap connecting bolt n (20) penetrates, and that the support plate (25, 70, 90) is formed in one piece and on its underside for the stamp face (2?, 101) revolutions around the stamp connection bolt (23) or on its top on or under the channel base ( 67, 68, 71, 91) for rotations around the cap connecting bolt (20) has the rolling surfaces (39, 40, 86, 87, 94, 95). 2. Safety cap shoe according to claim 1, characterized in that the bearing block (32) forms the center piece of the channel sole (67, 68) and each has a channel sole edge (67, 68) with the adjoining channel wall (69, 69a) in one on the cap bolt (20) threadable jaw (45, 46) is formed, which has a toothing (54) on its inside, in whose gaps (56) teeth (61, 62) formed by recesses (59, 60) of the cap flange engage. 3. Safety cap shoe according to one of claims l or 2, characterized in that on the jaws (45, 46) hubs (43, 44) are formed, which have cylindrical to tapered jacket section surfaces (41, 42), which are rotated around the Roll the cap connecting bolts (20) onto the correspondingly curved rolling surfaces (39, 40) which are formed next to the bearing block (32) and on the support plate (25). 4. Safety cap shoe according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the bearing block with the channel walls (78, 79) forms a structural unit which have aligned recesses (80, 81) for receiving the cap connecting bolt (20) and that Rolling surfaces (86, 87) for movements around the cap connecting bolt are arranged on the top of the support plate (70) between the channel walls (78, 79). 5. Safety cap shoe according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the rolling surfaces (94, 95) for rotations around the stamp connection bolt (96, 97) on the underside of the support plate (90) between the bearing plates (98, 99) are formed . 6. Safety cap shoe according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the rolling surfaces (94, 95) on the underside of the support plate (90) merge into a flat surface (103) for supporting the end face (101) of the stamp (4) .

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