EP0091974B1 - Méthode de fabrication d'un non-tissé fondu - Google Patents

Méthode de fabrication d'un non-tissé fondu Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0091974B1
EP0091974B1 EP19820103217 EP82103217A EP0091974B1 EP 0091974 B1 EP0091974 B1 EP 0091974B1 EP 19820103217 EP19820103217 EP 19820103217 EP 82103217 A EP82103217 A EP 82103217A EP 0091974 B1 EP0091974 B1 EP 0091974B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fabric
unfused
fibers
batt
infrared radiation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19820103217
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0091974A1 (fr
Inventor
Wayne Kenneth Erickson
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Phillips Petroleum Co
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Phillips Petroleum Co
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Publication date
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Priority to EP19820103217 priority Critical patent/EP0091974B1/fr
Priority to DE8282103217T priority patent/DE3271635D1/de
Publication of EP0091974A1 publication Critical patent/EP0091974A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0091974B1 publication Critical patent/EP0091974B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/556—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving by infrared heating
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/48—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/48—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation
    • D04H1/485—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation in combination with weld-bonding
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres
    • D04H1/544—Olefin series
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/74—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being orientated, e.g. in parallel (anisotropic fleeces)

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a fused nonwoven fabric according to the preamble of claim 1 which is shown f.e. from US-A-4151023.
  • nonwoven materials of synthetic filaments have experienced substantial growth.
  • Nonwoven fabrics are used in many other areas as well.
  • nonwoven fabrics both fused and unfused are used as substrates in the production of various laminates and as ticking material in the furniture industry.
  • nonwovens are presently used in a variety of applications as indicated above, there is still a need to improve nonwoven fabrics especially with regard to their dimensional stability and strength.
  • nonwoven fabrics known in the art are those produced by needling fibers together employing at least one needle loom.
  • the surface first penetrated by the needles of the needle loom is often referred to as the "face side” of the fabric and the "face side” of the fabric generally has a much smoother surface as compared to the opposite side of the fabric which is generally referred to as the "back side” of the fabric.
  • face side of the fabric and back side of the fabric are intended to refer to the respective surfaces described above.
  • a needle punched nonwoven fabric In a number of applications it is desirable for a needle punched nonwoven fabric to have a substantial portion of the fibers forming the face side of the fabric fused together and to have a substantial portion of the fibers forming the back side of the fabric unfused so as to form a fuzzy or nap-like surface, frequently .referred to as a beard. Also it is desirable to produce a nonwoven fabric with the face side essentially fused and the back side essentially unfused and having a "beard" which has a lower elongation and/or higher ultimate strength as compared to comparable prior art fabrics.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method for the manufacture of a fused nonwoven fabric with improved dimensional stability and strength as compared to fused nonwoven fabrics known in the art.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for the manufacture of a fused nonwoven fabric produced from thermoplastic staple fibers having the fibers in the back side of the fabric substantially unfused to form a "beard" and having a higher ultimate strength and/or lower elongation in comparison to other comparable nonwoven fabrics known in the art.
  • a fused nonwoven fabric of thermoplastic fibers having a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface is produced by exposing at least one of the first and second surfaces of the fabric to infrared radiation to the extent that a substantial portion of the fibers of the at least one surface is fused together and contacting at least one of the first and second surfaces of the fabric with at least one heated roll having a temperature sufficient to fuse together at least a portion of the fibers of the surface in contact with the heated roll.
  • a fused fabric of thermoplastic staple fibers is produced having a lower elongation and/or a higher ultimate strength, particularly when the back side of the fabric is unfused, as compared to comparable prior art nonwoven fabrics.
  • an apparatus comprising, infrared fusion means being suitable for exposing the fibers of at least one surface of a nonwoven fabric having a first surface and a second surface opposite said first surface, and fusing together at least a portion of said fibers; and at least one heated roll being suitable for contacting at least one of said first and second surfaces of said fabric, and fusing together the fibers of the surface in contact with the heated roll.
  • the present invention is primarily based upon the discovery that an improved fused nonwoven fabric is produced when an unfused fabric is subjected to fusion temperatures employing infrared radiation and at least one heated roll. If the same unfused nonwoven fabric is fused by subjecting the fabric to fusion temperatures employing only infrared radiation or only at least one heat roll, then the fused fabric generally has a higher elongation and/or lower ultimate strength.
  • roll fusion of a fabric primarily fused the surface of the fabric and that the fibers on or near the fused surface were flattened which destroyed the fibers' cross section and weakened the fibers.
  • infrared radiation of a fabric not only fused the fibers on or near the surface exposed to the infrared radiation, but that infrared radiation fused fibers in the central portion of the fabric and even fibers on the surface opposite the surface exposed to the infrared radiation. It was known prior to the present invention that an infrared fused fabric generally had a lower elongation and/or a higher ultimate strength as compared to a comparable roll fused fabric. Thus it was surprising to discover that a fabric exposed to infrared radiation and roll fused generally has a lower elongation and/or higher ultimate strength as compared to a comparable infrared fused or roll fused fabric.
  • staple fibers positioned on the back side of a fabric are substantially unfused and a substantial portion of the staple fibers positioned on the face side of the fabric and between the face side and the back side of the fabric are fused.
  • infrared fusion and roll fusion in accordance with the present invention must be used in order to produce a fused fabric with the highest ultimate strength and/or the lowest elongation possible.
  • the fabric is first exposed to infrared radiation and subsequently contacted with a heated roll.
  • the fusion that takes place is essentially on the surface and the fibers on or near the surface are flattened so that when that surface is subsequently subjected to infrared radiation the flattened fibers tend to reduce penetration of the infrared radiation.
  • Nonwoven fabrics suitable for use in the invention can be almost any unfused nonwoven fabrics produced from the thermoplastic fibers.
  • the thermoplastic fibers are staple fibers and the nonwoven fabric is needle punched.
  • the nonwoven fabric employed has a weight within the range of about 68 g/m 2 to about 680 g/m 2 however, the weight of the fabric employed is more often within the range of about 85 g/m 2 to about 153 g/m 2 .
  • FIGS 1 and 2 are provided which include apparatus in accordance with applicant's invention and apparatus for producing a nonwoven fabric suitable for use in the invention.
  • a batt-forming means comprising two web-forming trains A and A' in which feed means 10, 10' such as bale breakers, blender boxes, feed boxes, etc., feed fibers in the form of staple, such as polypropylene staple, to carding machines 12, 12'.
  • feed means 10, 10' such as bale breakers, blender boxes, feed boxes, etc.
  • feed fibers in the form of staple such as polypropylene staple
  • the carding machines 12, 12' produce carded webs 14, 14' of fibers which are picked up by the takeoff aprons 16, 16' of crosslappers 20, 20'.
  • Crosslappers 20, 20' also comprise lapper aprons 18, 18' which traverse a carrier means, such as floor apron 38, in a reciprocating motion laying the webs 14, 14' to form a batt 36 on the floor apron 38.
  • a carrier means such as floor apron 38
  • the carded webs 14, 14' are laid on floor apron 38 to build up several thicknesses to produce batt 36.
  • the fibers forming batt 36 are oriented primarily in the fill direction, that is, a direction perpendicular or normal to the direction of movement of batt 36 positioned on floor apron 38.
  • Two web-forming trains A and A' or more are used to increase the speed of the overall operation; however, one such web-forming train can be employed.
  • fill direction means the direction transverse to the direction of movement of batt 36 on floor apron 38.
  • warp direction means the direction parallel to the direction of movement of batt 36 on floor apron 38.
  • a first drafting means 40 comprising at least two sets of nip rolls or an inlet apron 42 and one set of nip rolls 44, is used to draft batt 36.
  • the terms stretching, drawing and drafting are synonymous.
  • the first drafting means comprises five sets of nip rolls 44, 46, 48, 50 and 52 and inlet apron 42 and outlet apron 54.
  • Each set of nip rolls is shown as a one-over-two configuration, which works very well, but almost any arrangement can be used, such as a one-over-one, two-over-one, etc., as well as mixtures of nip roll configurations.
  • the drafted batt 56 then is passed to needle loom 58 wherein the batt is needled at a density in the range of 15 to 155 punches per cm 2 and at a needle penetration in the range of from about 6,35 mm to about 19,05 mm.
  • needle loom 58 One or more needle looms can be used.
  • the needle looms can be either single needle board or a double needle board looms.
  • the drafted, needled batt 60 is again drafted in the warp direction by a second drafting means 62 comprising at least two sets of nip rolls 64 and 66 or an inlet apron and one set of nip rolls (not shown).
  • the needled batt 68 which was drafted in the warp direction both before and after needling is passed under roll 70 to a third drafting means, such as tenter frame 72 which drafts needled batt 68 in the fill direction to produce batt 75.
  • tenter frame 72 comprises a fill-drafting means 74 and a tensioning means 76.
  • Tensioning means 76 is not used to draft batt 77, but to subject batt 77 to tension in the fill direction.
  • Infrared heating means 80 and 82 are shown on opposite sides of the unfused batt or fabric.
  • Infrared heating means 82 is positioned to expose the face side of fabric 77 to infrared radiation sufficient to fuse together at least a portion of the fibers on the face side and infrared heating means 80 is positioned to expose the back side of fabric 77 to infrared radiation sufficient to fuse together at least a portion of the fibers on the back side. While only one infrared heating means is shown on each side of fabric 77 two or more infrared heating means can be employed on either or both sides of fabric 77 if desired.
  • tensioning means 76 are two rolls 86 and 88 wherein at least one of said rolls is heated to a temperature sufficient to fuse together a portion of the fibers of the surface of fabric 84. More than one heated roll can be employed for either or both sides of the fabric, if desired; however, it is generally sufficient to position one roll which can be heated to the desired temperature on the face side of fabric 84, such as roll 88, and one roll which can be heated to the desired temperature on the back side of fabric 84, such as roll 86.
  • a second tensioning means 102 and associated infrared fusion means 104 and 106 can be used in order to subject the fabric 84 to infrared radiation subsequent to fusion of the fibers of the fabric with heated rolls; however, it is emphasized that this additional equipment is optional and such equipment is only needed when it is desired to fuse the fabric with infrared radiation after the fabric is roll fused.
  • infrared fusion means 104 and 106 are employed, infrared fusion means 80 and 82 and tensioning section 76 generally are not required although tensioning means 76 is recommended in order to stabilize fabric 75 exiting drafting means 74.
  • thermoplastic fibers in the form of staple are passed from feed means 10, 10' to carding machines 12, 12' to produce carded webs 14,14'.
  • the carded webs 14, 14' are picked up by takeoff aprons 16, 16' of crosslappers 20, 20'.
  • Lapper aprons 18, 18' lay the carded webs on floor apron 38 to produce batt 36.
  • the number of webs uf -3d to form batt 36 depends upon a number of variables, such as the desired weight of the batt, the weight of the webs, the amount the batt is drafted during the process, etc.
  • the batt 36 is then drafted in the warp direction by suitable means, such as the five sets of nip rolls 44, 46, 48, 50 and 52.
  • suitable means such as the five sets of nip rolls 44, 46, 48, 50 and 52.
  • the use of more than two sets of nip rolls, such as the five nip rolls shown provides a more uniform drafting since between any set of nip rolls a smaller drafting ratio can be used and still obtain the overall desired drafting ratio.
  • the batt is frequently drafted between the nip formed by the feed apron and the first set of nip rolls 44.
  • the batt 36 is drafted because each set of nip rolls is operated at a successively higher speed than the speed of the preceding inlet apron or set of nip rolls.
  • utilization of more sets of nip rolls and smaller draft ratios between each set of nip rolls produces a more uniform fabric than utilization of fewer sets of nip rolls with higher draft ratios; however, at some point additional sets of nip rolls with reduced draft ratios between each set of nip rolls will not improve the product.
  • the most economical operation requires consideration of a number of variables, and in particular the various parameters of the material processed.
  • some of the variables of the processed material which affect the drafting process are staple polymer, staple length and denier, staple finish, degree of crimp, weight of the batt, etc.
  • staple polymer staple length and denier
  • staple finish degree of crimp
  • weight of the batt etc.
  • nip rolls are utilized with an overall draft ratio within a range of about 1.01 to about 4 and a maximum draft ratio between sets of nip rolls of 2.
  • a very good product is produced utilizing from about 3 to 5 sets of nip rolls with an overall draft ratio within a range of about 1.2 to 1.8 and a maximum draft ratio between sets of nip rolls of 1.3.
  • the drafted batt 56 is then passed to needle loom 58 wherein the batt is needled to make a more coherent material.
  • needle loom 58 wherein the batt is needled to make a more coherent material.
  • one or more needle looms can be used and in addition each needle loom can be a double board needle loom. It is noted that the batt will experience some drafting as it passes through the needle loom which must be taken into consideration in determining the operating speeds of equipment positioned subsequent to the needle loom. It is not uncommon to experience drafting at a ratio in the range of from about 1.3 to about 2, employing one single board needle loom or one double board needle loom. The larger drafting ratios in the above range are normally experienced using a double needle board loom.
  • the drafted, needle batt is again drafted in the warp direction in a second drafting means 62, such as employing nip rolls 64 and 66, and operating the speed of nip rolls 66 at a slightly higher speed than nip rolls 64.
  • the draft ratio employed in the second drafting zone is also selected depending upon the material processed. Generally the draft ratio in the second drafting zone is within a range of about 1.01 to about 2; however, a good product is produced utilizing a draft ratio within a range of about 1.3 to about 1.5.
  • Needled batt 68 which has been drafted in the warp direction both before and after needling is then passed to a third drafting zone, indicated by tenter frame 72 which drafts the batt in the fill direction through the use of diverging tracks 73 which grasp the fabric at the inlet and draft the fabric as the tracks slowly diverge from one another.
  • the fill-drafting ratio depends upon a number of variables, such as staple length, denier, batt weight, needle density, etc. Generally the fill-drafting ratio is within a range of about 1.01 to about 1.5; however, a fill-drafting ratio within a range of about 1.1 to about 1.3 produces a good product.
  • tenter frame 72 contains a tensioning means 76 which applies tension to the fabric in at least the fill direction 78 while the fabric is fused when subjected to infrared radiation.
  • fabric 84 is passed between the nip of two rolls 86 and 88 which are used to contact fabric 84 with at least one heated roll having a temperature sufficient to fuse together at least a portion of the fibers of the fabric in contact with the heated roll.
  • the fused fabric then passes to the rollup section as previously described unless the second tensioning means 102 is employed also as previously described.
  • Synthetic thermoplastic staple in general can be used in accordance with the present invention.
  • polyolefins such as polypropylene
  • polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate
  • polyamides such as polycaprolactam
  • Particularly good results have been obtained employing polypropylene staple.
  • polypropylene fibers are used to produce the nonwoven fabric the temperature of the fusion roll or rolls employed is generally within a range of about 154°C to about 171°C; however, temperatures within a range of about 160°C to about 165°C are more common.
  • the synthetic staple suitable for use in applicant's invention can be selected over a relatively wide range.
  • Generally synthetic staple has a length within a range of about 3.81 cm to about 25.4 cm. Good results can be obtained employing a staple length within a range of about 6.35 cm to about 10.2 cm.
  • Staple denier can be selected from a wide range of deniers. Normally the denier is within a range of about 1 to about 20; however, deniers within a range of about 1.5 to about 8 are more common.
  • Quartz heaters and foil-strip heaters have been used as the infrared radiation source in accordance with the present invention; however, the present invention is not limited by the particular source used to subject the fabric to the infrared radiation. At the present time it appears that the foil-strip heaters are preferred because they provide better control of the fusion process.
  • fabrics with a variety of widths can be produced in accordance with the present invention; however, the invention is particularly applicable for the production of wide, nonwoven fabrics, that is, fabrics having a width within a range of about 274.3 cm to 584.2 cm.
  • the ultimate strength of the fabric of runs 4 and 5 was higher as compared to the fabrics of runs 2 and 3.
  • the ultimate strength of the fabric of run 1 was higher than the fabrics of runs 4 and 5 in the warp direction, but as noted above the fabric of run 1 did not have a substantially unfused back side.
  • the fill ultimate strength of runs 4 and 5 is particularly noteworthy and is the highest in all instances. It is pointed out that the elongation values were not exactly the same in all runs; however, except for run 2, the elongation values are considered comparable. It is normally accepted that if elongation is lower, ultimate strength is lower, thus the ultimate strength of the fabric in run 2 would be even lower if the elongation values were lower.
  • the tear strength values for the fabrics of runs 4 and 5 as compared to the fabrics of runs 1, 2 and 3 are somewhat improved, although the values for ultimate strength are generally considered more accurate for purposes of comparison.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)

Claims (11)

1. Procédé de fabrication d'un tissu non tissé fondu (90) à partir d'un tissu non tissé non fondu (77) en fibres thermoplastiques, ce tissu non fondu ayant une première surface et une seconde surface opposée à la première surface, par exposition en premier lieu d'au moins l'une des première et seconde surfaces de tissu non fondu (77) à un rayonnement infrarouge jusqu'à ce qu'une partie importante des fibres formant ladite au moins une surface soient fondues ensemble, caractérisé en ce que ladite au moins une surface ainsi traitée du tissu non tissé est mise en contact avec au moins un rouleau chauffé (86, 88) ayant une température suffisante pour fondre ensemble au moins une partie des fibres formant la surface en contact avec le rouleau chauffé.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que seulement la première surface est exposée au rayonnement infrarouge et cette première surface est exposée jusqu'à ce qu'une partie importante des fibres formant la première surface et entre la première surface et la second surface soient fondues ensemble, et les fibres formant la seconde surface restent sensiblement non fondues.
3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que seulement une surface du tissu non fondu (77) est exposée au rayonnement infrarouge et les deux surfaces sont mises en contact avec au moins un rouleau chauffé (86, 88).
4. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que seulement une surface du tissu non fondu (77) est exposée au rayonnement infrarouge et mise en contact avec au moins un rouleau chauffé (86, 88).
5. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les deux surfaces du tissu non fondu (77) sont exposées au rayonnement infrarouge et seulement l'une des surfaces est mise en contact avec au moins un rouleau chauffé (86, 88).
6. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les deux surfaces du tissu non fondu (77) sont exposées au rayonnement infrarouge et mise en contact avec au moins un rouleau chauffé (86, 88).
7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que les fibres thermoplastiques sont des fibres courtes de polypropylène.
8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le poids du tissu non fondu (77) est compris entre environ 68 g/M 2 et ehviron 680 g/m2.
.9. Procédé selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que le poids du tissu non fondu (77) est compris entre environ 84,7 g/m2 et environ 152,5 g/m2.
10. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le tissu non tissu non fondu (77) est fabriqué en:
(a) formant un tissu non fondu (36) comprenant des fibres courtes thermoplastiques, où les fibres courtes sont placées principalement dans une première direction,
(b) en faisant passer le tissu non fondu dans une première zone d'étirage (40),
(c) étirant le tissu non fondu dans la première zone d'étirage (40) dans une seconde direction, cette seconde direction étant principalement perpendiculaire à la première direction pour produire un tissu non fondu étiré,
(d) aiguilletant le tissu non fondu étiré (56) afin de produire un tissu non fondu aiguilleté (60),
(e) étirant le tissu non fondu aiguilleté (60) dans une seconde zone d'étirage (62) dans la seconde direction, et
(f) étirant alors le tissu non fondu aiguilleté dans une troisième zone d'étirage (72) dans la première direction de manière à produire un tissu non fondu (77).
11. Procédé selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que les fibres du tissu non fondu (77) sont soumises à une tension dans au moins la première direction lorsque les fibres du tissu non fondu sont fondues ensemble par le rayonnement infrarouge.
EP19820103217 1982-04-16 1982-04-16 Méthode de fabrication d'un non-tissé fondu Expired EP0091974B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19820103217 EP0091974B1 (fr) 1982-04-16 1982-04-16 Méthode de fabrication d'un non-tissé fondu
DE8282103217T DE3271635D1 (en) 1982-04-16 1982-04-16 A method for the manufacture of a fused nonwoven fabric

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19820103217 EP0091974B1 (fr) 1982-04-16 1982-04-16 Méthode de fabrication d'un non-tissé fondu

Publications (2)

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EP0091974A1 EP0091974A1 (fr) 1983-10-26
EP0091974B1 true EP0091974B1 (fr) 1986-06-11

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EP (1) EP0091974B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3271635D1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

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Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU5816586A (en) * 1985-05-23 1986-12-24 Guy Arnaud Laminated material based on thermoplastic resin and production method
NL9401711A (nl) * 1994-10-17 1996-06-03 Texelse Wol Onderneming B V Werkwijze en inrichting voor het vervaardigen van vezelisolatiemateriaal.
EP1108807A1 (fr) * 1999-12-17 2001-06-20 Benifin Anstalt Méthode pour conférer une résistance aux moquettes
CN108301123A (zh) * 2018-03-29 2018-07-20 厦门当盛新材料有限公司 用于纤维网形成无纺布的平行铺网机、铺网机及制造方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2338424A1 (de) * 1973-07-28 1975-02-13 Joachim Lange Verfahren und vorrichtung zur oberflaechenbehandlung eines synthesevlieses, insbesondere fuer die herstellung eines wandbelags

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109487431A (zh) * 2018-12-31 2019-03-19 苏州艾美医疗用品有限公司 一种拒水透气针刺无纺布的制备方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0091974A1 (fr) 1983-10-26
DE3271635D1 (en) 1986-07-17

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