EP0089036A1 - Procédé pour l'épuration des gaz d'échappement et pour la récupération de chaleur ainsi qu'un dispositif pour sa mise en oeuvre - Google Patents
Procédé pour l'épuration des gaz d'échappement et pour la récupération de chaleur ainsi qu'un dispositif pour sa mise en oeuvre Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0089036A1 EP0089036A1 EP83102457A EP83102457A EP0089036A1 EP 0089036 A1 EP0089036 A1 EP 0089036A1 EP 83102457 A EP83102457 A EP 83102457A EP 83102457 A EP83102457 A EP 83102457A EP 0089036 A1 EP0089036 A1 EP 0089036A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- washing liquid
- exhaust
- line
- exhaust gas
- heat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/04—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material using washing fluids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
- F24D2200/16—Waste heat
- F24D2200/18—Flue gas recuperation
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for purifying exhaust gas and recovering heat, in particular from a furnace, in which the exhaust gas is brought into contact with a circulating scrubbing liquid which contains additives which bind the pollutants contained in the exhaust gas and oxidize the resulting compounds and be removed from the cycle.
- Firing systems in which fossil fuels are burned pollute the environment due to pollutants carried in the exhaust gas, in particular sulfur dioxide 50 2 .
- pollutants carried in the exhaust gas in particular sulfur dioxide 50 2 .
- the hot exhaust gases result in high heat losses. This heat loss means that the overall efficiency of a combustion system, in which water is heated, for example, is limited and the use of the energy used is therefore unsatisfactory.
- the washing liquid expediently circulated for this purpose contains appropriate chemicals, such as calcium carbonate and / or calcium oxide and / or calcium hydroxide, which bind the sulfur dioxide of the A-b gas.
- the compounds formed are then oxidized to calcium sulfate by oxygen and this is separated from the wash water and removed.
- the object of the invention is to provide a method of the type mentioned which is suitable for exhaust gas purification even in small and medium-sized incineration plants, with a minimum expenditure on equipment, thereby extensive washing out of the pollutants and at the same time economical work by recovering heat and corresponding energy-saving use of the fuels.
- the object of the invention also includes the creation of a device for optimal implementation of the method.
- the object is achieved by a method of the type mentioned at the outset in that the washing liquid is introduced from a storage container into an upper space of an exhaust pipe or a chimney of the combustion system and from there in countercurrent to the exhaust gas flowing upwards in the exhaust pipe or chimney is directed, the pollutants bound by the additives present in the washing liquid and the compounds formed together with the washing liquid in the return into the storage container, heat being extracted from the exhaust gas at the same time during the washing process and this being fed to the inlet of the fluids to be heated in the furnace or another heat consumer.
- the device for carrying out the method is characterized in that an exhaust gas line, starting from a boiler room of a boiler of the furnace, which is heated by a burner, is drawn upwards through a chimney, in addition to the exhaust gas line, a line extending from a storage container containing a washing liquid to an upper region the exhaust pipe is guided and opens into it, and a drain line is provided in a lower region of the exhaust pipe, which leads back into the storage tank.
- the method has a number of advantages, which range from being carried out in a space-saving arrangement for small and medium-sized systems to removing pollutants and simultaneously utilizing heat.
- One of the essential features is the inclusion of the fireplace in the work area of the washing process.
- the space requirement of the entire system is thus reduced to a minimum, and it is also achieved that, at the same time, the scrubbing liquid flowing in the counterflow not only removes pollutants from the exhaust gas but also heat which can now be supplied to a fluid to be heated.
- the one Device adapted to the method offers yet another possibility for heat utilization, which can be implemented without great effort.
- a heat exchanger can be installed in a connecting pipe, for example a chimney socket between the boiler and the flue gas pipe in the chimney, which already extracts part of the heat that is usually lost by the exhaust gas flowing out here, so that this heat can be used for any purpose can be.
- the additional device from a combined storage sedimentation tank and optionally reaction tank has further advantages, since the solid compounds washed out with the washing water and formed by the further treatment settle during the burner's idle periods. When the burner is out of operation, the washing liquid circulation is also switched off. The fine solids, because these are usually, settle in the storage tank from the dormant washing liquid and are only sporadically removed from here during downtimes.
- the separation is more complete than when the solids are withdrawn during the liquid circulation, as is the case with known methods and systems.
- This measure also simplifies and improves the method according to the invention compared to the prior art.
- the heat of condensation of the combustion gases can only be used optimally if it actually is Liquid, usually water, condenses out.
- the amount of heat extracted from the washing liquid is regulated in such a way that the temperature of the liquid is partly below and partly above the dew point of the smoke or exhaust gases. In this way, moisture from the exhaust gases is condensed into the wash water on the one hand, and water from the wash water is evaporated into the smoke or exhaust gases on the other hand.
- the amount of heat withdrawn from the washing liquid via heat exchangers is expediently regulated via a level switch assigned to the storage tank, and thus the temperature of the washing liquid and its amount are controlled.
- the circuit is maintained at a substantially certain level and careful dosing of the additives required for washing is not necessary for this reason either.
- a washing temperature is set which is above the dew point.
- the boiler 1 schematically shows a conventional oil burner 1 of a firing system arranged in a boiler 2, which is followed by the washing system.
- the boiler 2 which is used, for example, for heating domestic and heating water, is equipped with a domestic water supply 3 and a domestic water feed line 4 as well as a heating supply 5 and a heating return 6.
- the boiler 2 is connected to a chimney 8, which is bricked, but can also be designed only as a jacket for an exhaust pipe 9.
- This exhaust pipe 9 is an essential part of the device for carrying out the washing process. It leads upwards from the lower region of the chimney 8, preferably essentially through the entire length of the chimney 8, and the exhaust gases from the oil burner 1 flow through it.
- a storage container 16 is provided outside the chimney 8, expediently at its lower end, from which a line 12 for the wash water opens into an upper region in the exhaust line 9.
- a pump 13 is installed in the line 12 and then an air injector 15 is installed thereon.
- the entry of the line 12 into the exhaust line 9 is preferably with a Provide spray device 10, which advantageously has spray arms 11 arranged in a star shape.
- a drain line 14 leads back to the storage tank 16 from a lower area of the exhaust gas line 9 which is closed off from the outside. The washing liquid is injected from the storage container 16 into the exhaust line 9 with the aid of the pump 13.
- a practical embodiment provides an exhaust pipe 9 with a length corresponding at least to the chimney height, advantageously 6 m or more.
- the diameter of such an exhaust pipe 9 is approximately 15 cm.
- a scrubbing liquid which binds pollutants in the exhaust gas is preferably a lime solution in which burnt lime and water are present in a ratio of 40 g of lime to 1 liter of water and formic acid in a ratio of 50 g of formic acid to 40 g of lime.
- Air is introduced into the wash water downstream of the pump 13 in the line 12, for example through the air injector 15, in order to carry out the required oxidation in the solution.
- the process water feed 17 is passed through the storage tank 16 and passes into the process water feed line 4, which enters the boiler 2.
- the return 18 of the heating water also leads through the storage tank 16 and from here to the heating return 6, which opens into the boiler 2.
- a heat exchanger 7 is used, which is already at the entrance the exhaust gases coming from the boiler 2 extracts this heat.
- the medium heated in the heat exchanger can be used for any purpose.
- the design of the storage container 9 also contributes to the optimal implementation of the method according to the invention, which can be designed in such a way that not only the washing liquid is stored here, but the solids fall down therein and are collected during the shutdown of the combustion system.
- this storage container 16 can also be equipped with a reaction chamber.
- a combined storage, sedimentation and reaction container 16 is shown schematically in FIG.
- the boiler 2 of the firing system and the chimney 8 in which the exhaust pipe 9 (FIG. 1) is guided and into which the pipe 12 for the washing liquid coming from the storage tank 16 opens are shown here.
- the storage, sedimentation and reaction container 16 consists of three departments, namely the chamber 20 for the washing liquid flowing back from the exhaust pipe 9 via the drain pipe 14. Below this chamber 20 is the sludge chamber 21 and above the chamber 20 there is a storage chamber 22 filled with calcium carbonate (CaC0 2 ). In the chamber 20 there is a heat exchanger 23, for example for process water, into which the inlet and outlet lines 17 , 18 lead for a medium that is used for heat recovery.
- the pump 13 is arranged in the lower region of the line 12 for the washing water leading into the exhaust gas line 9 and is followed by the air injector 15.
- the combined storage, sedimentation and and reaction container is assigned a level switch LIS, which, as already mentioned, is provided for regulating and controlling the flow of the medium for heat recovery.
- the setting is such that the temperature of the scrubbing liquid is partly below and partly above the dew point of the exhaust gases, so that either moisture from the exhaust gases condenses into the washing water or water from the washing water evaporates into the exhaust gases.
- Level switches of this type are known.
- the resulting in the oil burner 1 exhaust gas contains S0 2 , which is known to be generated when burning 1 kg of oil up to about 3 liters of S0 2 gas. This sulfur gas, which pollutes the environment, should and must be removed.
- the exhaust gas flowing through the chimney nozzle 19, which is hot up to about 300 ° C., is first cooled by the heat exchanger 7 located in this feed line. This is preferably designed such that the exhaust gas is cooled to, for example, 50 to 80 ° C. At this temperature, the exhaust gas reaches the exhaust pipe 9. -
- the heat exchanger 7 can be flowed through by water that heats up through heat exchange and this warm water can be used for various purposes, such as for building heating, domestic water heating, swimming pool heating and the like.
- the exhaust gas cooled in the first heat exchanger 7 flows upward in the exhaust line 9, counter to the washing liquid which contains a calcium format and flows through the spray device 10 from top to bottom in the exhaust line 9.
- the sulfur dioxide contained in the exhaust gas reacts with the Ca 2+ ions in the washing liquid.
- Free formic acid is formed in accordance with the C a 2 ⁇ ions bound by the sulfur dioxide.
- this free formic acid reacts with the calcium carbonate in the storage space 22.
- Ca2 + ions are dissolved from the calcium carbonate, so that a regenerated washing solution is supplied to the exhaust pipe 9.
- a detergent funnel 25 (FIG. 2) is expediently provided, from which the washing liquid enriched with bound sulfur dioxide from the exhaust gas reaches the chamber 20 of the combined storage container 16 via the discharge line 14.
- the calcium sulfate (gypsum) formed during the absorption of the sulfur dioxide under atmospheric oxygen settles on the bottom of the sedimentation container, that is to say in its sludge chamber 21, in particular during burner downtimes, in which the circulation of the washing liquid is also switched off.
- the sludge layer is suitably covered by an A bdecktrichter 24 relative to the remaining tank space to fluidize the washing liquid circulation no settled sludge. At the bottom of the sludge space 21, the settled solid can be drawn off in corresponding periods.
- the sulfur dioxide content in exhaust gases can also be largely extracted in small and medium-sized combustion plants, with substantial amounts of heat being generated by heat exchange in two stages, namely before the washing process and during the washing process, can be recovered and used.
- the washing liquid can also be regenerated in whole or in part.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
- Central Heating Systems (AREA)
- Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT83102457T ATE20493T1 (de) | 1982-03-16 | 1983-03-12 | Verfahren zum reinigen von abgasen und zur rueckgewinnung von waerme und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH1647/82 | 1982-03-16 | ||
CH164782 | 1982-03-16 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0089036A1 true EP0089036A1 (fr) | 1983-09-21 |
EP0089036B1 EP0089036B1 (fr) | 1986-06-18 |
Family
ID=4215347
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP83102457A Expired EP0089036B1 (fr) | 1982-03-16 | 1983-03-12 | Procédé pour l'épuration des gaz d'échappement et pour la récupération de chaleur ainsi qu'un dispositif pour sa mise en oeuvre |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0089036B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE20493T1 (fr) |
DE (2) | DE3216561A1 (fr) |
DK (1) | DK524083A (fr) |
NO (1) | NO832788L (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1983003295A1 (fr) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0152061A2 (fr) * | 1984-02-15 | 1985-08-21 | Silvano Cappi | Appareil pour l'élimination de la fumée des groupes chaudières-brûleurs à combustible gazeux ou liquide |
WO1990009225A2 (fr) * | 1989-02-15 | 1990-08-23 | George Miklos Kota | Installation et procede d'elimination de la pollution atmospherique |
WO2000009948A1 (fr) * | 1998-08-17 | 2000-02-24 | Rupert Merkl | Procede de reduction des rejets de matieres polluantes de petites installations de chauffage avec prise en consideration de la puissance calorifique, et dispositif utilise a cet effet |
EP0864816A3 (fr) * | 1997-03-10 | 2000-04-26 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Procédure et installation pour la récupération de la chaleur résiduelle dans les fumées d'un foyer |
WO2003033970A1 (fr) * | 2001-10-13 | 2003-04-24 | Alastair Robertson | Systeme de chauffage |
WO2004033971A1 (fr) * | 2002-10-09 | 2004-04-22 | Alastair Robertson | Procede et appareil de nettoyage de gaz de fumee et de recuperation de l'energie thermique de ces gaz de fumee |
EP1562000A1 (fr) * | 2004-02-03 | 2005-08-10 | Gerhard Dr. Luther | Récupération de la chaleur résiduelle dans les fumées d'un génerateur de chaleur |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3419735C2 (de) * | 1984-05-26 | 1986-07-17 | GEA Luftkühlergesellschaft Happel GmbH & Co, 4630 Bochum | Vorrichtung zur Energieverschiebung für eine Entschwefelungsanlage |
DE3731895A1 (de) * | 1987-09-23 | 1989-06-08 | Rolf Kresel | Einrichtung zur reinigung von abgasen und nutzung der restwaerme aus abgasen |
EP1809967B1 (fr) * | 2004-11-12 | 2013-01-09 | Zenex Technologies Ltd. | Utilisation d'un echangeur thermique avec une chaudiere a condensation |
CN111578301B (zh) * | 2019-02-19 | 2022-08-09 | 北京热科能源技术研究有限公司 | 一种烟气余热回收系统 |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1174864A (fr) * | 1957-05-09 | 1959-03-17 | Un procédé d'épuration des fumées, par des procédés mécaniques | |
US3386798A (en) * | 1964-11-30 | 1968-06-04 | American Standard Inc | Method of removing sulfur compounds and precovering heat from combustion gases |
DE1802286A1 (de) * | 1968-06-06 | 1969-12-11 | Von Roll Ag | Roehren-Waermeaustauscher fuer die mittelbare Kuehlung von Rauchgasen,insbesondere von Muellverbrennungsoefen |
DE2360130A1 (de) * | 1973-12-03 | 1975-06-05 | Otto Huthmann | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum ausscheiden von umweltverschmutzenden stoffen aus abgasen |
DE2512233A1 (de) * | 1975-03-20 | 1976-09-30 | Froeling Kessel Behaelter Appa | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur waermerueckgewinnung aus rauchgasen |
DE3023812A1 (de) * | 1980-06-25 | 1982-01-14 | Heat Extractor Corp., Johnsville, N.Y. | Verfahren zur waermerueckgewinnung aus abgasen und hierfuer geeignete vorrichtung |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3632306A (en) * | 1969-02-18 | 1972-01-04 | Chemical Construction Corp | Removal of sulfur dioxide from waste gases |
DE2217317B2 (de) * | 1972-04-11 | 1979-06-13 | Heinz Ing.(Grad.) 4390 Gladbeck Hoelter | Verfahren zum Reinigen von schwefeldioxidhaltigem Abgas |
DE2241623C3 (de) * | 1972-08-24 | 1979-01-04 | Davy Bamag Gmbh, 6308 Butzbach | Verfahren zur Reinigung von Abgasen aus Abfallverbrennungsanlagen |
DE2323508A1 (de) * | 1973-05-10 | 1974-11-28 | Heinz Hoelter | Verfahren zur auswaschung von so2, hc1, fluor, staub und aehnlichen rauchgasbegleitern |
DE2532373C3 (de) * | 1975-07-19 | 1983-12-08 | Hölter, Heinz, Dipl.-Ing., 4390 Gladbeck | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Reinigen von Rauchgasen und anderen Abgasen, die Schwefeldioxyd enthalten |
CH583881A5 (fr) * | 1975-07-04 | 1977-01-14 | Von Roll Ag |
-
1982
- 1982-05-04 DE DE19823216561 patent/DE3216561A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1983
- 1983-03-12 EP EP83102457A patent/EP0089036B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1983-03-12 WO PCT/DE1983/000048 patent/WO1983003295A1/fr unknown
- 1983-03-12 DE DE8383102457T patent/DE3364139D1/de not_active Expired
- 1983-03-12 AT AT83102457T patent/ATE20493T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-08-02 NO NO832788A patent/NO832788L/no unknown
- 1983-11-16 DK DK524083A patent/DK524083A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1174864A (fr) * | 1957-05-09 | 1959-03-17 | Un procédé d'épuration des fumées, par des procédés mécaniques | |
US3386798A (en) * | 1964-11-30 | 1968-06-04 | American Standard Inc | Method of removing sulfur compounds and precovering heat from combustion gases |
DE1802286A1 (de) * | 1968-06-06 | 1969-12-11 | Von Roll Ag | Roehren-Waermeaustauscher fuer die mittelbare Kuehlung von Rauchgasen,insbesondere von Muellverbrennungsoefen |
DE2360130A1 (de) * | 1973-12-03 | 1975-06-05 | Otto Huthmann | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum ausscheiden von umweltverschmutzenden stoffen aus abgasen |
DE2512233A1 (de) * | 1975-03-20 | 1976-09-30 | Froeling Kessel Behaelter Appa | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur waermerueckgewinnung aus rauchgasen |
DE3023812A1 (de) * | 1980-06-25 | 1982-01-14 | Heat Extractor Corp., Johnsville, N.Y. | Verfahren zur waermerueckgewinnung aus abgasen und hierfuer geeignete vorrichtung |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
POWER * |
POWER, Band 124, Nr. 10, Oktober 1980, Seiten 73-77, New Hampshire, USA * |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0152061A2 (fr) * | 1984-02-15 | 1985-08-21 | Silvano Cappi | Appareil pour l'élimination de la fumée des groupes chaudières-brûleurs à combustible gazeux ou liquide |
EP0152061A3 (fr) * | 1984-02-15 | 1987-01-28 | Silvano Cappi | Appareil pour l'élimination de la fumée des groupes chaudières-brûleurs à combustible gazeux ou liquide |
WO1990009225A2 (fr) * | 1989-02-15 | 1990-08-23 | George Miklos Kota | Installation et procede d'elimination de la pollution atmospherique |
WO1990009225A3 (fr) * | 1989-02-15 | 1991-01-10 | George Miklos Kota | Installation et procede d'elimination de la pollution atmospherique |
EP0864816A3 (fr) * | 1997-03-10 | 2000-04-26 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Procédure et installation pour la récupération de la chaleur résiduelle dans les fumées d'un foyer |
WO2000009948A1 (fr) * | 1998-08-17 | 2000-02-24 | Rupert Merkl | Procede de reduction des rejets de matieres polluantes de petites installations de chauffage avec prise en consideration de la puissance calorifique, et dispositif utilise a cet effet |
WO2003033970A1 (fr) * | 2001-10-13 | 2003-04-24 | Alastair Robertson | Systeme de chauffage |
WO2004033971A1 (fr) * | 2002-10-09 | 2004-04-22 | Alastair Robertson | Procede et appareil de nettoyage de gaz de fumee et de recuperation de l'energie thermique de ces gaz de fumee |
EP1562000A1 (fr) * | 2004-02-03 | 2005-08-10 | Gerhard Dr. Luther | Récupération de la chaleur résiduelle dans les fumées d'un génerateur de chaleur |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3216561A1 (de) | 1983-09-29 |
DK524083D0 (da) | 1983-11-16 |
ATE20493T1 (de) | 1986-07-15 |
EP0089036B1 (fr) | 1986-06-18 |
WO1983003295A1 (fr) | 1983-09-29 |
NO832788L (no) | 1983-09-29 |
DK524083A (da) | 1983-11-16 |
DE3364139D1 (en) | 1986-07-24 |
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