EP0088155B1 - Ultrasonic position indicator for an isolating switch - Google Patents

Ultrasonic position indicator for an isolating switch Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0088155B1
EP0088155B1 EP82108365A EP82108365A EP0088155B1 EP 0088155 B1 EP0088155 B1 EP 0088155B1 EP 82108365 A EP82108365 A EP 82108365A EP 82108365 A EP82108365 A EP 82108365A EP 0088155 B1 EP0088155 B1 EP 0088155B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
signalling system
ultrasonic
contact
train
transmission
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82108365A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0088155A2 (en
EP0088155A3 (en
Inventor
Julien Simard
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Hydro Quebec
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Hydro Quebec
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Publication date
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Priority to AT82108365T priority Critical patent/ATE45834T1/en
Publication of EP0088155A2 publication Critical patent/EP0088155A2/en
Publication of EP0088155A3 publication Critical patent/EP0088155A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0088155B1 publication Critical patent/EP0088155B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/16—Indicators for switching condition, e.g. "on" or "off"
    • H01H9/168—Indicators for switching condition, e.g. "on" or "off" making use of an electromagnetic wave communication

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to signaling the relative position of the contacts of a high-voltage disconnect device, and more particularly relates to a signaling system intended for such a disconnect device which includes at least one movable contact element and at least one element. fixed contact and intended to detect the relative position between this movable contact and this fixed contact.
  • Any electrical energy distribution and transport network includes disconnectors capable of energizing and isolating the transmission lines and energy devices connected to them.
  • Each disconnector generally consists of a pivoting blade which is rotated by means of a motorized mechanism and a fixed jaw provided with contact fingers subject to separation between which the disconnector blade is inserted. which is then turned around its axis to separate the contact fingers and allow the powering of a line or electrical device. It is therefore essential to obtain exact information on the relative position of the various disconnector contacts in order to avoid any switching error which could prove costly and so as to promote the network automation scheme as a whole.
  • a state of the art more akin to the invention is constituted by document US-A-2 745 952 which describes an ultra-short wave signaling remote control system for a disconnector device.
  • the position of the disconnector is determined by the passage of a flap mechanically linked to the control of the disconnector between a transmitter and an ultra-short wave receiver (see FIGS. 1, 8, 9, 10 and text column 6, lines 21 - 70).
  • a feature of the present invention resides in a signaling system free from the disadvantages inherent in currently known signaling systems, and which provides accurate and highly reliable information as to the relative position of each of the contacts of a disconnector, that the latter either single-phase or three-phase.
  • Another characteristic of the present invention resides in a system capable of removing any uncertainty as to the actual position of the movable contact of a disconnector.
  • An additional feature of the present invention resides in a relatively easy and rapid installation signaling system, requiring no special tools and which can be installed on the majority of existing disconnectors.
  • the present invention relates to a signaling system for an electrical disconnect device including at least one contact blade and at least one contact finger, said system comprising an assembly for transmitting at least one ultrasonic signal, connected to said finger to produce the 'emission of said ultrasonic signal when said finger undergoes a movement under the action of said blade; and a reception assembly receiving said ultrasonic signal emitted by said transmission assembly and generating an output signal corresponding to a predetermined position of said contact finger relative to said blade, so as to signal a condition of activation or not of the disconnector.
  • the transmission assembly is mechanically active and generates two trains of ultrasonic waves of different frequencies, when actuated by a flexible control cable connected to the contact fingers, the frequency of each train of waves corresponding respectively to a spacing of the contact fingers under the action of closing the disconnector blade or to a relaxation of these same fingers following the opening of the disconnector.
  • the ultrasonic wave receiving assembly includes reflective surfaces which direct the ultrasonic waves to a device for transforming these waves into electrical signals. These latter signals representative of the particular frequency of a wave train are then decoded and processed with a view to the selective actuation of a relay for the generation at the output of the signal reception assembly. indicating the position of the blade in relation to the contact fingers of the disconnector.
  • each phase is connected, at a certain strategic point in the network, to a high-voltage or very high-voltage disconnector, the main components of which are illustrated in Figure 1.
  • the disconnector comprises generally two metal structures 1 and 2 placed respectively on the concrete bases 3 and 4 connected together or not.
  • the metal structure 2 supports a column of insulators 5 made of porcelain, while the metal structure 1 supports the columns of insulators 6 and 7.
  • the columns of insulators 5 and 6 are mounted fixed on their respective metal structures while the column 7 can be driven in rotation by the motorized drive mechanism 8 or by means of the flywheel 9 and the reduction gear 10.
  • the rotation of the column 7 causes the blade 12 of the position switch to pivot.
  • the actual signaling system generally comprises an emission assembly consisting of a first ultrasonic transmitter 14 mounted at the upper end of the insulation column 5 and a second ultrasonic transmitter 15 fixed at the upper end of the insulation column 6.
  • the ultrasonic signals emitted by the transmitter 14 provide an indication of the closed or indeterminate condition of the disconnector while the transmitter 15 generates ultrasonic waves representative of the open position (position A) of the blade or of any other indeterminate position. located between positions "A" and "B".
  • the signals transmitted by the transmitters 14 and 15 are directed directionally to a reception assembly 16 shown here fixed to a spacer 17 connecting the metal structures 1 and 2.
  • the receiver 16 also incorporates a decoding assembly which transforms the ultrasonic signals received in corresponding electrical signals and which generates an output signal to a control center (not shown) in order to signal the open or closed condition of the disconnector, or the fact that the blade 12 occupies an undetermined position.
  • each transmitter comprises a flexible control cable 18 made of stainless material, a sealed housing 20 containing two pulsers and a waveguide 19 fixed to the periphery of an opening made in the housing 20.
  • Each pulser contained inside the housing 20 comprises a striker 21 or 22 associated respectively with a tuning fork 24 or 25, each striker being actuated separately by a lever 23 pivotally mounted at 23 '.
  • each tuning fork 24, 25 emits a train of ultrasonic waves of frequency different from each other which is chosen from a range of frequencies generally varying from 35 to 45 KHZ.
  • the operation of the transmission assembly is as follows. If we consider the transmitter 14 which provides information on the open or closed condition of the disconnector, the end of the control cable 18 is connected directly to one of the contact fingers 13 'while the sleeve 18a of the sheath of the cable is fixed to the opposite contact finger so that a separation of these two fingers causes the rotation of the lever 23 which then actuates the striker 22 which vibrates the tuning fork 25, thereby emitting a train of ultrasonic waves towards the receiver 16 to indicate that the disconnector is actually closed.
  • the contact fingers are released and the spacing between them decreases, which results in a thrust of the cable 18 on the lever 23, thus actuating the striker 21 which causes the emission of a train of ultrasonic waves by the tuning fork 24 indicating the indeterminate position.
  • the two wave trains generated by the transmitter 14 are of different frequencies.
  • the transmission assembly 15 the end of the cable 18 is connected to a pivoting lever while the sleeve 18a is mounted fixed.
  • the operating mode of the transmitter 15 is essentially the same as that described for the transmitter 14, except that in this case the two wave trains transmitted by the transmitter 15 are not only of different frequencies one on the other but may also be of frequencies different from those emitted by the transmitter 14.
  • a first wave train emitted by the transmitter 15 indicates that the blade 12 occupies an intermediate or indeterminate position between the open position "A" and the closed position "B” while the other wave train signals that the disconnector is fully open and that the blade occupies the substantially vertical position "A”.
  • Each ultrasonic wave train emitted by one or other of the transmitters 14 or 15 is transmitted during a predetermined time of approximately 1 second and in a directional manner towards a reception assembly which will now be described with reference to FIG. 3 .
  • the reception assembly illustrated in FIG. 3 has the function of recognizing each of the exact monotonic frequencies of a certain duration produced by the transmitters 14 and 15 to the exclusion of any other frequency and of signaling the presence thereof.
  • the receiver comprises a detection element 26 sensitive to the frequencies of the ultrasonic waves emitted by the transmitters, this detection element being in this case a microphone which transforms each of the ultrasonic waves picked up into a vibration or electrical signal of the same frequency.
  • This electrical signal is then amplified using an amplifier 27.
  • the amplified signal then supplies the tone decoders 28, 29 and 30, each of which is tuned to the frequency of a transmitting pulser.
  • a logic circuit 31 made up of exclusive OR gates prevents the passage to a signal if one or more other signals are present.
  • a time constant checks the presence of this signal for at least one second, which corresponds to the time of emission of an ultrasonic wave by any of the transmitters, and finally the logic circuit activates one of the signaling relays 32 or 33, of the latching type, corresponding to the pulsators originally actuated, this in order to avoid recognizing parasitic sources by a relay once activated; an output signal is then generated to a control center to indicate one of the switch positions.
  • a pulser from the transmitter 15 signals the indeterminate position (yellow light), which eliminates the green light. This indication remains until the blade has moved the contact fingers apart enough to activate one of the pulsers of the transmitter 14 which then signals the closed position of the disconnector (red light), which eliminates the yellow light.
  • red light the closed position of the disconnector
  • the disconnector blade for some reasons whatsoever was badly located or had to rotate less or more than 90 °, the final condition reported to the operator would be the position indeterminate. In the event of insufficient rotation, the red light would never be lit, but if the rotation was excessive the red light would then light, but only to be replaced by a yellow light a few seconds later.
  • Figure 4 illustrates the physical arrangement of the reception assembly which consists of two reflectors 34 and 35 mounted at an angle of at least 45 ° and which have the function of diverting the signals transmitted by the two transmitters 14 and 15 to a third reflector (not shown) also having an angle of approximately 45 ° and located under the housing 36.
  • the reflectors 34 and 35 are covered with a layer of Teflon (registered trademark) in order to avoid the accumulation of snow which could absorb ultrasonic waves.
  • Teflon registered trademark
  • the housing contains the electronic elements illustrated in Figure 3 and at the bottom of which is placed the microphone 26, behind a protective grid (not shown). This box is waterproof and shielded so as to protect the elements it contains from external electrostatic and electromagnetic waves.
  • the housing 36 also contains a power source for the electronic components of FIG. 3.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Rotary Switch, Piano Key Switch, And Lever Switch (AREA)

Abstract

A signalling system to indicate the position of a disconnect switch used in an electric transmission line. The switch has at least one moving contact and at least one fixed contact. The system comprises two transmitters associated with the moving and fixed contacts to transmit at least one ultrasonic signal indicating the position of the moving contact with relation to the fixed contact of the disconnect switch. A receiver assembly receives the ultrasonic signal transmitted by the transmitters and generates an output signal representative of the position of the moving and fixed contacts.

Description

La présente invention a trait à la signalisation de la position relative des contacts d'un dispositif sectionneur haute-tension, et concerne plus particulièrement un système de signalisation destiné à tel dispositif sectionneur qui inclut au moins un élément de contact mobile et au moins un élément de contact fixe et destiné à déceler la position relative entre ce contact mobile et ce contact fixe.The present invention relates to signaling the relative position of the contacts of a high-voltage disconnect device, and more particularly relates to a signaling system intended for such a disconnect device which includes at least one movable contact element and at least one element. fixed contact and intended to detect the relative position between this movable contact and this fixed contact.

Tout réseau de distribution et transport d'énergie électrique comporte des sectionneurs susceptibles de mettre sous tension et isoler les lignes de transport et appareils d'énergie y reliées. Chaque sectionneur est constitué de façon générale d'une lame pivotante qui est entraînée en rotation à l'aide d'un mécanisme motorisé et d'une mâchoire fixe pourvue de doigts de contact sujets à écartement entre lesquels vient s'insérer la lame du sectionneur qui est tournée ensuite autour de son axe pour écarter les doigts de contact et permettre la mise sous tension d'une ligne ou appareil électrique. Il est donc primordial d'obtenir une information exacte de la position relative des divers contacts du sectionneur afin d'éviter toute erreur de commutation qui pourrait s'avérer coûteuse et de sorte à promouvoir le schéma d'automatisation du réseau en son entité.Any electrical energy distribution and transport network includes disconnectors capable of energizing and isolating the transmission lines and energy devices connected to them. Each disconnector generally consists of a pivoting blade which is rotated by means of a motorized mechanism and a fixed jaw provided with contact fingers subject to separation between which the disconnector blade is inserted. which is then turned around its axis to separate the contact fingers and allow the powering of a line or electrical device. It is therefore essential to obtain exact information on the relative position of the various disconnector contacts in order to avoid any switching error which could prove costly and so as to promote the network automation scheme as a whole.

Jusqu'ici, l'information pertinente à la position relative des contacts a été recueillie au niveau du mécanisme d'entraînement de la lame pivotante qui commande l'ouverture ou la fermeture du sectionneur, et cela à l'aide de microrupteurs adjoints au bloc de commande d'entraînement de la lame du sectionneur. Or, il existe entre le bloc de commande d'entraînement et l'extrémité de contact libre de la lame une série de raccords mécaniques et de structures plus ou moins flexibles qui peuvent causer la fourniture d'indication de fermeture erronée de la part des microrupteurs. De telles indications erronées peuvent entraîner la destruction des contacts au moment du passage d'un fort courant à travers le sectionneur, d'une part, et requièrent souvent une vérification visuelle de la bonne fermeture des sectionneurs, d'autre part. Ainsi, les systèmes de signalisation actuels s'avèrent peu fiables quant aux informations fournies et vont de plus à l'encontre d'une automatisation poussée de la commande d'un réseau de transport d'énergie du fait qu'une vérification visuelle de la position relative des contacts du sectionneur est nécessaire.Up to now, the information relevant to the relative position of the contacts has been collected at the level of the drive mechanism of the pivoting blade which controls the opening or closing of the disconnector, and this by means of microswitches attached to the block. switch blade drive control. However, there exists between the drive control unit and the free contact end of the blade a series of mechanical connections and more or less flexible structures which can cause the provision of erroneous closure indication on the part of the microswitches. . Such erroneous indications can lead to the destruction of the contacts when a strong current passes through the disconnector, on the one hand, and often require a visual check of the correct closing of the disconnector, on the other hand. Thus, current signaling systems prove to be unreliable with regard to the information provided and, moreover, go against a thorough automation of the control of an energy transmission network because a visual verification of the relative position of the switch contacts is necessary.

Un état de la technique plus voisin de l'invention est constitue par le document US-A-2 745 952 qui décrit un système de télécommande de signalisation à ondes ultra-courtes pour un dispositif sectionneur. En particulier, dans ce système, la position du sectionneur est déterminée par le passage d'un volet lié mécaniquement à la commande du sectionneur entre un émetteur et un récepteur d'ondes ultra-courtes (voir figures 1, 8, 9,10 et texte colonne 6, lignes 21 - 70).A state of the art more akin to the invention is constituted by document US-A-2 745 952 which describes an ultra-short wave signaling remote control system for a disconnector device. In particular, in this system, the position of the disconnector is determined by the passage of a flap mechanically linked to the control of the disconnector between a transmitter and an ultra-short wave receiver (see FIGS. 1, 8, 9, 10 and text column 6, lines 21 - 70).

Une caractéristique de la présente invention réside en un système de signalisation exempt des désavantages inhérents aux systèmes de signalisation actuellement connus, et qui fournit des informations exactes et de grande fiabilité quant à la position relative de chacun des contacts d'un sectionneur, que ce dernier soit monophasé ou triphasé.A feature of the present invention resides in a signaling system free from the disadvantages inherent in currently known signaling systems, and which provides accurate and highly reliable information as to the relative position of each of the contacts of a disconnector, that the latter either single-phase or three-phase.

Une autre caractéristique de la présente invention réside dans un système capable de lever toute indétermination quant à la position réelle du contact mobile d'un sectionneur.Another characteristic of the present invention resides in a system capable of removing any uncertainty as to the actual position of the movable contact of a disconnector.

Une caractéristique supplémentaire de la présente invention réside dans un système de signalisation d'installation relativement facile et rapide, ne requérant aucun outillage spécial et pouvant être installé sur la majorité des sectionneurs existants.An additional feature of the present invention resides in a relatively easy and rapid installation signaling system, requiring no special tools and which can be installed on the majority of existing disconnectors.

La présente invention concerne un système de signalisation pour un dispositif sectionneur électrique incluant au moins une lame de contact et au moins un doigt de contact, ledit système comportant un ensemble d'émission d'au moins un signal ultrasonique, relié audit doigt pour produire l'émission dudit signal ultrasonique lorsque ledit doigt subit un déplacement sous l'action de ladite lame; et un ensemble de réception recevant ledit signal ultrasonique émis par ledit ensemble d'émission et générant un signal de sortie correspondant à une position prédéterminée dudit doigt de contact par rapport à ladite lame, de manière à signaler une condition de mise en fonction ou non du sectionneur.The present invention relates to a signaling system for an electrical disconnect device including at least one contact blade and at least one contact finger, said system comprising an assembly for transmitting at least one ultrasonic signal, connected to said finger to produce the 'emission of said ultrasonic signal when said finger undergoes a movement under the action of said blade; and a reception assembly receiving said ultrasonic signal emitted by said transmission assembly and generating an output signal corresponding to a predetermined position of said contact finger relative to said blade, so as to signal a condition of activation or not of the disconnector.

En outre, de façon préférée, l'ensemble d'émission est à action mécanique et génère deux trains d'ondes ultrasoniques de fréquences différentes, lorsque actionné par un câble de contrôle flexible relié aux doigts de contact, la fréquence de chaque train d'ondes correspondant respectivement à un écartement des doigts de contact sous l'action de la fermeture de la lame du sectionneur ou à un relâchement de ces mêmes doigts suivant l'ouverture du sectionneur. De plus, l'ensemble de réception des ondes ultrasoniques inclut des surfaces réfléchissantes qui dirigent les ondes ultrasoniques à un dispositif de transformation de ces ondes en signaux électriques. Ces derniers signaux représentatifs de la fréquence particulière d'un train d'ondes sont ensuite décodés et traités en vue de l'actionnement sélectif d'un relais pour la génération à la sortie de l'ensemble de réception d'un signal . indiquant la position de la lame par rapport aux doigts de contact du sectionneur.In addition, preferably, the transmission assembly is mechanically active and generates two trains of ultrasonic waves of different frequencies, when actuated by a flexible control cable connected to the contact fingers, the frequency of each train of waves corresponding respectively to a spacing of the contact fingers under the action of closing the disconnector blade or to a relaxation of these same fingers following the opening of the disconnector. In addition, the ultrasonic wave receiving assembly includes reflective surfaces which direct the ultrasonic waves to a device for transforming these waves into electrical signals. These latter signals representative of the particular frequency of a wave train are then decoded and processed with a view to the selective actuation of a relay for the generation at the output of the signal reception assembly. indicating the position of the blade in relation to the contact fingers of the disconnector.

Un mode de réalisation préféré de la présente invention sera décrit ci-après avec référence aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels:

  • la Figure 1 illustre de façon schématique l'agencement d'un dispositif sectionneur incorporant le système de signalisation suivant la présente invention;
  • la Figure 2 est un schéma montrant les composants de l'ensemble d'émission du système de signalisation de la présente invention;
  • la Figure 3 est un bloc diagramme de l'ensemble de réception du système de signalisation de la présente invention; et
  • la Figure 4 illustre le montage physique de l'ensemble de réception.
A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
  • Figure 1 schematically illustrates the arrangement of a disconnect device incorporating the signaling system according to the present invention;
  • Figure 2 is a diagram showing the components of the transmission assembly of the signaling system of the present invention;
  • Figure 3 is a block diagram of the reception assembly of the signaling system of the present invention; and
  • Figure 4 illustrates the physical arrangement of the reception assembly.

Dans un réseau électrique triphasé, chaque phase est raccordée, à un certain point stratégique du réseau, à un sectionneur haute-tension 10 ou très haute-tension, dont les composants principaux sont illustrés à la Figure 1. Ainsi que montré, le sectionneur comporte de façon générale deux structures métalliques 1 et 2 posées respectivement sur les bases de béton 3 et 4 reliées entre elles ou non. La structure métallique 2 supporte une colonne d'isolateurs 5 en porcelaine, alors que la structure métallique 1 supporte les colonnes d'isolateurs 6 et 7. Les colonnes d'isolateurs 5 et 6 sont montées fixes sur leurs structures métalliques respectives alors que la colonne 7 peut être entraînée en rotation par le mécanisme d'entraînement motorisé 8 ou par l'intermédiaire du volant 9 et de l'engrenage démultiplicateur 10. La mise en rotation de la colonne 7 provoque le pivotement de la lame 12 du sectionneur de la position ouverte "A" à la position fermée "B" ainsi que la rotation de l'extrémité 12' de la lame 12 (voir la figure 2), cela par l'intermédiaire d'un mécanisme de pivotement et de rotation 11, ce dernier mécanisme n'étant pas détaillé ici car connu de l'homme de métier. Lorsqu'en position "B", l'extrémité libre de la lame s'insère entre les montants parallèles et verticaux d'une mâchoire 13 dont chaque paroi intérieure comporte généralement au moins un doigt 13' de contact flexible. Il est à noter que l'extrémité libre 12' de la lame est habituellement de section droite ovale et d'une largeur excédant légèrement la distance séparant les deux doigts parallèles lorsque au repos de sorte que l'insertion de l'extrémité libre de la lame et sa mise en rotation par la colonne tournante 7 (voir la figure 2) provoque un écartement de ces doigts de contact. Par contre, lorsque le sectionneur est ouvert, c'est-à-dire lorsque la lame 12 est ramenée à la position ouverte "A", les doigts de contact de la mâchoire 13 subissent alors un relâchement et reviennent à leur position de repos initiale. En conséquence, on voit que ce sont ces états d'écartement et de relâchement des doigts de contact qui déterminent respectivement la condition fermée ou ouverte du dispositif sectionneur. Et le système de signalisation du présent mode de réalisation repose effectivement sur la détection de ces états de relâchement et d'écartement des doigts de contact, conjointement à une détection de la position du pivot du mécanisme 11, pour obtenir une information sur la condition ouverte ou fermée du sectionneur.In a three-phase electrical network, each phase is connected, at a certain strategic point in the network, to a high-voltage or very high-voltage disconnector, the main components of which are illustrated in Figure 1. As shown, the disconnector comprises generally two metal structures 1 and 2 placed respectively on the concrete bases 3 and 4 connected together or not. The metal structure 2 supports a column of insulators 5 made of porcelain, while the metal structure 1 supports the columns of insulators 6 and 7. The columns of insulators 5 and 6 are mounted fixed on their respective metal structures while the column 7 can be driven in rotation by the motorized drive mechanism 8 or by means of the flywheel 9 and the reduction gear 10. The rotation of the column 7 causes the blade 12 of the position switch to pivot. open "A" to the closed position "B" as well as the rotation of the end 12 'of the blade 12 (see FIG. 2), this by means of a pivoting and rotation mechanism 11, the latter mechanism not being detailed here as known to those skilled in the art. When in position "B", the free end of the blade is inserted between the parallel and vertical uprights of a jaw 13, each inner wall of which generally comprises at least one finger 13 'of flexible contact. It should be noted that the free end 12 ′ of the blade is usually of oval cross section and of a width slightly exceeding the distance separating the two parallel fingers when at rest so that the insertion of the free end of the blade and its rotation by the rotary column 7 (see Figure 2) causes a separation of these contact fingers. On the other hand, when the disconnector is open, that is to say when the blade 12 is returned to the open position "A", the contact fingers of the jaw 13 then undergo relaxation and return to their initial rest position . Consequently, it can be seen that it is these states of separation and loosening of the contact fingers which respectively determine the closed or open condition of the disconnect device. And the signaling system of the present embodiment effectively relies on the detection of these states of relaxation and separation of the contact fingers, together with a detection of the position of the pivot of the mechanism 11, in order to obtain information on the open condition. or closed disconnector.

Le système de signalisation proprement dit comporte généralement un ensemble d'émission constitué d'un premier émetteur ultrasonique 14 monté à l'extrémité supérieure de la colonne d'isolation 5 et un second émetteur ultrasonique 15 fixé à l'extrémité supérieure de la colonne isolante 6. Les signaux ultrasoniques émis par l'émetteur 14 fournissent une indication sur la condition fermée ou indéterminée du sectionneur alors que l'émetteur 15 génère des ondes ultrasoniques représentatives de la position ouverte (position A) de la lame ou de toute autre position indéterminée située entre les positions "A" et "B". Les signaux émis par les émetteurs 14 et 15 sont dirigés de façon directionnelle vers un ensemble de réception 16 montré ici fixé à une entretoise 17 reliant les structures métalliques 1 et 2. Le récepteur 16 incorpore également un ensemble de décodage qui transforme les signaux ultrasoniques reçus en signaux électriques correspondants et qui génère un signal de sortie vers un centre de commande (non montré) afin de signaler la condition ouverte ou fermée du sectionneur, ou encore le fait que la lame 12 occupe une position indéterminée.The actual signaling system generally comprises an emission assembly consisting of a first ultrasonic transmitter 14 mounted at the upper end of the insulation column 5 and a second ultrasonic transmitter 15 fixed at the upper end of the insulation column 6. The ultrasonic signals emitted by the transmitter 14 provide an indication of the closed or indeterminate condition of the disconnector while the transmitter 15 generates ultrasonic waves representative of the open position (position A) of the blade or of any other indeterminate position. located between positions "A" and "B". The signals transmitted by the transmitters 14 and 15 are directed directionally to a reception assembly 16 shown here fixed to a spacer 17 connecting the metal structures 1 and 2. The receiver 16 also incorporates a decoding assembly which transforms the ultrasonic signals received in corresponding electrical signals and which generates an output signal to a control center (not shown) in order to signal the open or closed condition of the disconnector, or the fact that the blade 12 occupies an undetermined position.

Se référant à la Figure 2, celle-ci illustre de façon schématique les éléments composant un des deux ensembles d'émission ou émetteurs 14 et 15, la description de l'émetteur raccordé aux doigts 13' de la mâchoire 13 étant effectuée ici. L'autre émetteur 15 est de conception identique. Chaque émetteur comporte un câble de contrôle 18 flexible en matière inoxydable, un boîtier étanche 20 contenant deux pulseurs et un guide d'onde 19 fixé à la périphérie d'une ouverture pratiquée dans le boîtier 20. Chaque pulseur contenu à l'intérieur du boîtier 20 comporte un percuteur 21 ou 22 associé respectivement à un diapason 24 ou 25, chaque percuteur étant actionné de façon distincte par un levier 23 monté pivotant en 23'. Lorsque percuté, chaque diapason 24, 25 émet un train d'ondes ultrasoniques de fréquence différente l'un de l'autre qui est choisi dans une gamme de fréquences variant généralement de 35 à 45 KHZ.Referring to Figure 2, this schematically illustrates the elements making up one of the two emission assemblies or transmitters 14 and 15, the description of the transmitter connected to the fingers 13 'of the jaw 13 being given here. The other transmitter 15 is of identical design. Each transmitter comprises a flexible control cable 18 made of stainless material, a sealed housing 20 containing two pulsers and a waveguide 19 fixed to the periphery of an opening made in the housing 20. Each pulser contained inside the housing 20 comprises a striker 21 or 22 associated respectively with a tuning fork 24 or 25, each striker being actuated separately by a lever 23 pivotally mounted at 23 '. When struck, each tuning fork 24, 25 emits a train of ultrasonic waves of frequency different from each other which is chosen from a range of frequencies generally varying from 35 to 45 KHZ.

Le fonctionnement de l'ensemble d'émission est le suivant. Si l'on considère l'émetteur 14 qui fournit des informations sur la condition ouverte ou fermée du sectionneur, l'extrémité du câble de contrôle 18 est raccordée directement à un des doigts 13' de contact alors que le manchon 18a de la gaine du câble est fixé au doigt de contact opposé de sorte qu'un écartement de ces deux doigts provoque la rotation du levier 23 qui actionne alors le percuteur 22 qui lui met en vibration le diapason 25, émettant ainsi un train d'ondes ultrasoniques vers le récepteur 16 pour indiquer que le sectionneur est effectivement fermé. A l'inverse, lorsque la lame 12 est retirée de la mâchoire 13, les doigts de contact sont relâchés et l'écartement entre eux diminue, ce qui se traduit par une poussée du câble 18 sur le levier 23, actionnant ainsi le percuteur 21 qui provoque l'émission d'un train d'ondes ultrasoniques par le diapason 24 indiquant la position indéterminée. Il est à noter que les deux trains d'ondes générés par l'émetteur 14 sont de fréquences différentes. En ce qui regarde l'ensemble d'émission 15, l'extrémité du câble 18 est reliée à un levier pivotant alors que le manchon 18a est monté fixe. Le mode de fonctionnement de l'émetteur 15 est essentiellement le même que celui décrit pour l'émetteur 14, sauf qu'en ce cas ci les deux trains d'ondes émis par l'émetteur 15 sont non seulement de fréquences différentes l'une de l'autre mais peuvent également être de fréquences différentes de celles émises par l'émetteur 14. Un premier train d'ondes émis par l'émetteur 15 indique que la lame 12 occupe une position intermédiaire ou indéterminée entre la position ouverte "A" et la position fermée "B" alors que l'autre train d'ondes signale que le sectionneur est entièrement ouvert et que la lame occupe la position sensiblement verticale "A". Chaque train d'ondes ultrasoniques émis par l'un ou l'autre des émetteurs 14 ou 15 est transmis durant un temps prédéterminé d'environ 1 seconde et de façon directionnelle vers un ensemble de réception qui sera maintenant décrit avec référence à la Figure 3.The operation of the transmission assembly is as follows. If we consider the transmitter 14 which provides information on the open or closed condition of the disconnector, the end of the control cable 18 is connected directly to one of the contact fingers 13 'while the sleeve 18a of the sheath of the cable is fixed to the opposite contact finger so that a separation of these two fingers causes the rotation of the lever 23 which then actuates the striker 22 which vibrates the tuning fork 25, thereby emitting a train of ultrasonic waves towards the receiver 16 to indicate that the disconnector is actually closed. Conversely, when the blade 12 is removed from the jaw 13, the contact fingers are released and the spacing between them decreases, which results in a thrust of the cable 18 on the lever 23, thus actuating the striker 21 which causes the emission of a train of ultrasonic waves by the tuning fork 24 indicating the indeterminate position. It should be noted that the two wave trains generated by the transmitter 14 are of different frequencies. Regarding the transmission assembly 15, the end of the cable 18 is connected to a pivoting lever while the sleeve 18a is mounted fixed. The operating mode of the transmitter 15 is essentially the same as that described for the transmitter 14, except that in this case the two wave trains transmitted by the transmitter 15 are not only of different frequencies one on the other but may also be of frequencies different from those emitted by the transmitter 14. A first wave train emitted by the transmitter 15 indicates that the blade 12 occupies an intermediate or indeterminate position between the open position "A" and the closed position "B" while the other wave train signals that the disconnector is fully open and that the blade occupies the substantially vertical position "A". Each ultrasonic wave train emitted by one or other of the transmitters 14 or 15 is transmitted during a predetermined time of approximately 1 second and in a directional manner towards a reception assembly which will now be described with reference to FIG. 3 .

L'ensemble de réception illustré à la Figure 3 a pour fonction de reconnaître chacune des fréquences monotones exactes et d'une certaine durée produite par les émetteurs 14 et 15 à l'exclusion de toute autre fréquence et d'en signaler la présence. Le récepteur comporte un élément de détection 26 sensible aux fréquences des ondes ultrasoniques émises par les émetteurs, cet élément de détection étant en l'occurrence un microphone qui transforme chacune des ondes ultrasoniques captées en une vibration ou signal électrique de même fréquence. Ce signal électrique est ensuite amplifié à l'aide d'un amplificateur 27. Le signal amplifié alimente alors les décodeurs de tonalité 28, 29 et 30 dont chacun est accordé à la fréquence d'un pulseur émetteur. Un circuit logique 31 constitué de portes OU exclusives interdit le passage à un signal si un ou plusieurs autres signaux sont présents. Une constante de temps vérifie la présence de ce signal pendant au moins une seconde, ce qui correspond au temps d'émission d'une onde ultrasonique par l'un quelconque des émetteurs, et finalement le circuit logique enclenche un des relais de signalisation 32 ou 33, de type à accrochage, correspondant aux pulseurs actionnés originalement, ceci dans le but d'éviter de reconnaître des sources parasites par un relais une fois enclenché; un signal de sortie est alors généré vers un centre de contrôle pour indiquer une des positions du sectionneur.The reception assembly illustrated in FIG. 3 has the function of recognizing each of the exact monotonic frequencies of a certain duration produced by the transmitters 14 and 15 to the exclusion of any other frequency and of signaling the presence thereof. The receiver comprises a detection element 26 sensitive to the frequencies of the ultrasonic waves emitted by the transmitters, this detection element being in this case a microphone which transforms each of the ultrasonic waves picked up into a vibration or electrical signal of the same frequency. This electrical signal is then amplified using an amplifier 27. The amplified signal then supplies the tone decoders 28, 29 and 30, each of which is tuned to the frequency of a transmitting pulser. A logic circuit 31 made up of exclusive OR gates prevents the passage to a signal if one or more other signals are present. A time constant checks the presence of this signal for at least one second, which corresponds to the time of emission of an ultrasonic wave by any of the transmitters, and finally the logic circuit activates one of the signaling relays 32 or 33, of the latching type, corresponding to the pulsators originally actuated, this in order to avoid recognizing parasitic sources by a relay once activated; an output signal is then generated to a control center to indicate one of the switch positions.

Au centre de contrôle, on peut assumer que l'opérateur du sectionneur surveille des lampes témoins de couleurs rouge, jaune et verte qui signalent les conditions suivantes de fonctionnement du sectionneur. Ainsi, le feu rouge allumé pourrait signaler à l'opérateur que le sectionneur est bien fermé. D'autre part, suite à une commande d'ouverture du sectionneur et au moment où la rotation de la lame cause un relâchement de la pression exercée sur les doigts de contact de la mâchoire, un pulseur est alors actionné et donne un signal de position indéterminée qui se traduit par l'amorce du feu jaune. Cette condition demeure durant tout le mouvement de pivotement de la lame, alors en position intermédiaire entre le point "B" et le point "A", jusqu'à ce que le pulseur d'ouverture signale cette condition durant les derniers degrés de pivotement lorsque la lame atteint la position verticale "A". Le feu vert s'allume alors. En ce cas, la condition indéterminée (feu jaune) est éliminée; le sectionneur est ouvert.In the control center, it can be assumed that the disconnector operator monitors red, yellow and green indicator lamps which signal the following operating conditions of the disconnector. Thus, the red light on could signal to the operator that the disconnector is properly closed. On the other hand, following a command to open the disconnector and when the rotation of the blade causes a relaxation of the pressure exerted on the contact fingers of the jaw, a pulser is then actuated and gives a position signal indeterminate which results in the initiation of the yellow light. This condition remains during the entire pivoting movement of the blade, then in the intermediate position between point "B" and point "A", until the opening blower signals this condition during the last degrees of pivoting when the blade reaches the vertical position "A". The green light then comes on. In this case, the indeterminate condition (yellow light) is eliminated; the disconnector is open.

Au moment de la fermeture du sectionneur, dès les premiers degrés de pivotement de la lame, un pulseur de l'émetteur 15 signale la position indéterminée (feu jaune), ce qui élimine le feu vert. Cette indication demeure jusqu'à ce que la lame ait écarté suffisamment les doigts, de contact pour actionner un des pulseurs de l'émetteur 14 qui signale alors la position fermée du sectionneur (feu rouge), ce qui élimine le feu jaune. Par contre, si la lame du sectionneur pour quelques raisons que ce soit était mal localisée ou devait faire une rotation inférieure ou supérieure à 90°, la condition finale signalée à l'opérateur serait la position indéterminée. Dans le cas d'une rotation insuffisante, le feu rouge ne serait jamais allumé, mais si la rotation est excessive le feu rouge s'allumerait alors, mais pour être remplacé par un feu jaune quelques secondes plus tard.When the disconnector is closed, from the first degrees of pivoting of the blade, a pulser from the transmitter 15 signals the indeterminate position (yellow light), which eliminates the green light. This indication remains until the blade has moved the contact fingers apart enough to activate one of the pulsers of the transmitter 14 which then signals the closed position of the disconnector (red light), which eliminates the yellow light. On the other hand, if the disconnector blade for some reasons whatsoever was badly located or had to rotate less or more than 90 °, the final condition reported to the operator would be the position indeterminate. In the event of insufficient rotation, the red light would never be lit, but if the rotation was excessive the red light would then light, but only to be replaced by a yellow light a few seconds later.

La Figure 4 illustre le montage physique de l'ensemble de réception qui est constitué de deux réflecteurs 34 et 35 montés suivant un angle d'au moins 45° et qui ont pour fonction de dévier les signaux émis par les deux émetteurs 14 et 15 vers un troisième réflecteur (non montré) ayant également un angle d'environ 45° et situé sous le boîtier 36. Les réflecteurs 34 et 35 sont recouverts d'une couche de Teflon (marque enregistrée) afin d'éviter l'accumulation de neige qui pourrait absorber les ondes ultrasoniques. D'autre part, en ce qui concerne le boîtier, ce dernier contient les éléments électroniques illustrés à la Figure 3 et au fond duquel est placé le microphone 26, derrière un grillage de protection (non montré). Ce boîtier est fabriqué de façon étanche et blindé de sorte à protéger les éléments qu'il contient des ondes électrostatiques et électro-magnétiques extérieures. Le boîtier 36 contient également une source d'alimentation des composants électroniques de la Figure 3.Figure 4 illustrates the physical arrangement of the reception assembly which consists of two reflectors 34 and 35 mounted at an angle of at least 45 ° and which have the function of diverting the signals transmitted by the two transmitters 14 and 15 to a third reflector (not shown) also having an angle of approximately 45 ° and located under the housing 36. The reflectors 34 and 35 are covered with a layer of Teflon (registered trademark) in order to avoid the accumulation of snow which could absorb ultrasonic waves. On the other hand, with regard to the housing, the latter contains the electronic elements illustrated in Figure 3 and at the bottom of which is placed the microphone 26, behind a protective grid (not shown). This box is waterproof and shielded so as to protect the elements it contains from external electrostatic and electromagnetic waves. The housing 36 also contains a power source for the electronic components of FIG. 3.

Claims (14)

1. Signalling system intended for an electrical isolating switch device including at least one contact bar (12) and at least one contact finger (13), characterized in that it comprises:
- a transmitting assembly (14) for transmitting at least one ultrasonic signal connected to the said contact finger (13) in order to produce the transmission of the said ultrasonic signal when the said finger (13) undergoes a displacement due to the action of the said bar (12), and
- a receiving (16) and decoding (28, 29, 30) assembly receiving the said ultrasonic signal and generating an output signal corresponding to the position of the contact finger (13), in such a way as to indicate an operating or non-operating condition of the isolating switch.
2. Signalling system according to Claim 1, characterized in that the said transmitting assembly (14) comprises essentially mechanical means for the transmission of the said ultrasonic signal.
3. Signalling system according to Claim 2, characterized in that the said transmitting assembly (14) is connected to the said contact finger (13') by a purely mechanical link (18).
4. Signalling system according to Claim 3, characterized in that the said mechanical means comprise an ultrasonic pulsator of predetermined frequency brought into operation by the said means of detection of the said displacement.
5. Signalling system according to Claim 4, characterized in that the said pulsator comprises a striker (21, 22) acting under the action of the said means of detection and a tuning fork (24, 25) actuated by the said striker for the transmission of the said ultrasonic signal of predetermined frequency.
6. Signalling system according to Claim 5, characterized in that the said striker (21, 22) and the said tuning fork (24, 25) are enclosed in a sealed casing (20) provided with an opening to which is fixed a wave-guide (19) for a directional propagation of the said ultrasonic signal of predetermined frequency.
7. Signalling system according to Claim 1, characterized in that the said receiving assembly comprises a component for converting the said ultrasonic signal into an electrical signal and means of transmission of the said electrical signal to a monitoring centre.
8. Signalling system according to Claim 7, characterized in that the said receiving assembly furthermore includes at least one reflector (34, 35) for reflecting the said ultrasonic signal towards the said converting component (26).
9. Signalling system according to Claim 1, characterized in that the said transmitting assembly comprises two mechanical transmitters (14, 15) one of which (14) is connected to the said contact finger (13) and generates a first train of ultrasonic waves of predetermined frequency, the other transmitter (15) being connected to the contact bar (12) and generating a second train of ultrasonic waves having a frequency different from that of the first train of waves; and in that the said receiving assembly (16) comprises a component (26) which is sensitive to the frequencies of the said first and second trains of ultrasonic waves and generating electrical signals having frequencies corresponding to the first and to the second trains of waves, and means (28, 29, 30) of decoding the said electrical signals and feeding a circuit (31) for the selection of the said electrical signals and generating the said output signal representative of the said relative position of the said contact bar and of the said contact finger.
10. Signalling system according to Claim 1, characterized in that the said transmitting assembly comprises a first mechanical means (21, 24) for the transmission of a first train of ultrasonic waves of predetermined frequency corresponding to a displacement of the said contact finger (13') in a given direction, and a second mechanical means (22, 25) for the transmission of a second train of ultrasonic waves having a frequency different from the said predetermined frequency corresponding to the displacement of the contact finger (13') in a direction opposite to that of the said given direction; the said first and second mechanical means being actuated at different times by means of a lever (23) connected to a mechanical link (18) connected to the said contact finger.
11. Signalling system according to Claim 1, characterized in that it furthermore comprises a second transmitting assembly (15) connected to the said moving contact bar (12) and generating at least one train of ultrasonic waves corresponding to at least one position occupied by the contact bar of the isolating switch.
12. Signalling system according to Claim 11, characterized in that the said second transmitting assembly (15) includes at least one mechanical means for the transmission of the said train of ultrasonic waves at a predetermined frequency, the said mechanical means being connected to the said contact bar by means of a mechanical connection.
13. Signalling system according to one of Claims 10 and 12, characterized in that the mechanical means of transmission of ultrasonic waves are identical and each comprises a pulsator constituted by a striker actuating a tuning fork.
14. Signalling system according to Claim 1, characterized in that the said transmitting as- sembly comprises two transmitters, each transmitter generating two ultrasonic signals having frequencies which are different from each other and from one transmitter to the other.
EP82108365A 1981-12-24 1982-09-10 Ultrasonic position indicator for an isolating switch Expired EP0088155B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82108365T ATE45834T1 (en) 1981-12-24 1982-09-10 ULTRASONIC POSITION DETECTOR FOR DISCONNECT SWITCHES.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA000393193A CA1183593A (en) 1981-12-24 1981-12-24 Circuit-braker position ultrasound indicator
CA393193 1981-12-24

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0088155A2 EP0088155A2 (en) 1983-09-14
EP0088155A3 EP0088155A3 (en) 1985-11-13
EP0088155B1 true EP0088155B1 (en) 1989-08-23

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ID=4121712

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82108365A Expired EP0088155B1 (en) 1981-12-24 1982-09-10 Ultrasonic position indicator for an isolating switch

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Country Link
US (1) US4451910A (en)
EP (1) EP0088155B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS58111221A (en)
AT (1) ATE45834T1 (en)
CA (1) CA1183593A (en)
DE (1) DE3279906D1 (en)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA1262268A (en) * 1987-04-16 1989-10-10 Raymond Lessard Infrared signaling system for detecting a predetermined state in a high voltage device
AT387473B (en) * 1987-06-29 1989-01-25 Sprecher Energie Oesterreich SWITCH POSITION DETECTOR FOR HIGH VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR
US5914664A (en) * 1997-07-03 1999-06-22 Allen-Bradley Company, Llc Optically sensing auxiliary switch
KR101926864B1 (en) * 2012-06-26 2018-12-07 현대자동차주식회사 Relay module for battry system of vehicle
ES2744399T3 (en) * 2014-06-18 2020-02-25 Abb Schweiz Ag A switching device for a MV electrical power distribution network
CN106252119B (en) * 2016-08-31 2018-12-21 国网山东省电力公司淄博供电公司 Disconnecting switch monitoring arrangement

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1010779A (en) * 1948-10-23 1952-06-16 Electricite De France Improvements made to means for controlling and monitoring high-voltage electrical devices, such as circuit breakers, disconnectors, etc.
US3550090A (en) * 1968-01-16 1970-12-22 Hb Eng Corp Method and system for determining whether a switch is open or closed
DE2711416C2 (en) * 1977-03-16 1982-12-09 Werner Turck Gmbh & Co Kg, 5884 Halver Arrangement for displaying the switching status of the switches
US4358810A (en) * 1981-01-21 1982-11-09 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Circuit breaker with alarm

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE45834T1 (en) 1989-09-15
US4451910A (en) 1984-05-29
DE3279906D1 (en) 1989-09-28
CA1183593A (en) 1985-03-05
JPH0139170B2 (en) 1989-08-18
JPS58111221A (en) 1983-07-02
EP0088155A2 (en) 1983-09-14
EP0088155A3 (en) 1985-11-13

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