EP0088040B1 - Vacuum switch with a ring acting as a field winding - Google Patents

Vacuum switch with a ring acting as a field winding Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0088040B1
EP0088040B1 EP83730011A EP83730011A EP0088040B1 EP 0088040 B1 EP0088040 B1 EP 0088040B1 EP 83730011 A EP83730011 A EP 83730011A EP 83730011 A EP83730011 A EP 83730011A EP 0088040 B1 EP0088040 B1 EP 0088040B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ring
contact
vacuum switch
contact body
supporting plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83730011A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0088040A1 (en
Inventor
Karl Dr. rer. nat. Zückler
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0088040A1 publication Critical patent/EP0088040A1/en
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Publication of EP0088040B1 publication Critical patent/EP0088040B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/664Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings
    • H01H33/6644Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings having coil-like electrical connections between contact rod and the proper contact

Definitions

  • a vacuum interrupter with these features has become known from US-A-4196 327.
  • the mode of operation of such switching element arrangements is based on the generation of an axially directed magnetic field which counteracts a contraction of partial arcs to form a spatially concentrated arc discharge.
  • the contracted arc is associated with a large anode spot and relatively high operating voltage as well as high power conversion, which leads to melting of the contacts and strong material evaporation.
  • the current transfer points are at the same time force transfer points via which the contact forces are transmitted to the ring body and the power supply bolt. It is therefore difficult to ensure the position and shape of the contact body under the stresses that occur.
  • the invention is based on the object of designing a vacuum interrupter of the type mentioned in such a way that the contact-piece assemblies obtain the greatest possible mechanical stability while maintaining their high switching capacity.
  • the support plate reinforces the contact piece arrangements without disturbing the current distribution required to generate the magnetic field or the magnetic field itself.
  • Chromium-nickel steels for example, have suitable properties. Because of the location of the current transfer points in the course of the ring, the cutouts can be open towards the edge and are therefore particularly easy to produce.
  • FIGS. 1 to 6 show a contact piece arrangement in the disassembled state. 1, 3 and 5, parts cut in the middle are shown in perspective view, while the same parts in FIGS. 2, 4 and 6 are shown completely in plan view. 1 and 2 show a contact plate, FIGS. 3 and 4 a support plate and FIGS. 5 and 6 show an inner body with a ring serving as a field winding and elevations serving as current transfer points.
  • Fig. 7 shows a portion of a switch assembly in the fully assembled state in a perspective view.
  • FIG. 8 A vacuum interrupter with contact piece arrangements according to the invention is shown schematically in FIG. 8.
  • a contact body 2 which consists of a contact plate 3 as the actual contacting element and a carrier 4.
  • the contact plate 3 can, for. B. be made of a special contact material, as it is preferably used for vacuum interrupters, for example a chrome-copper composite or copper with the addition of bismuth or tellurium.
  • the carrier 4, however, consists of pure copper and has the shape of a very flat pot.
  • the pot bottom 5 is connected to the contact plate 3 in a conductive manner, e.g. B. by soldering.
  • the pot jacket 6 serves to center the contact body 2 on the inner body to be described with reference to FIG. 5.
  • the outer diameter of the carrier 4 corresponds to the diameter of the contact plate 3.
  • the edge 7 of the contact plate 3 is in this case bevelled and rounded, as shown in FIG. 1.
  • a support plate 10 Below the carrier 4 is a support plate 10, the diameter of which is smaller than the inside diameter of the carrier 4 is. At its edge, the support plate 10 is provided with two diagonally opposite cutouts 11, through which a current transition point extends in the fully assembled state of the switching element arrangement 1.
  • four spacers 12 are distributed around the circumference of the support plate 10 on its top and bottom, while a further spacer 12 is provided in the center of the support plate on its bottom. Deviating from this, the number and distribution of the spacers can be selected in accordance with the size and the stress on the switching elements.
  • the support plate 10 consists of a mechanically high-strength material which is non-ferromagnetic and poorly conductive at the same time. These properties are shown, for example, by chrome-nickel steels.
  • spacers 12 blocks made of a ceramic material are suitable which are electrically non-conductive and have a high compressive strength.
  • the support plate 10 is shown in the figure as a disk-shaped body, other designs are also possible which have the highest possible mechanical strength with a low weight.
  • the support plate can for example be corrugated or waffle-like profiled.
  • the support plate can be perforated with a lattice-like structure.
  • the conductive inner body 15 has an annular part 16 with a rectangular cross section, which is made in one piece with a central web 17 and the power supply bolt 20 shown broken off.
  • the inner body can also consist of interconnected individual parts to which the power supply bolts are attached.
  • the ring part 16 On its end face 21 which faces the contact body 2, the ring part 16 has two elevations 22 which lie diagonally opposite one another and which serve as current transfer points to the contact body 2.
  • the diameter line on which the elevations 22 lie is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the central web 17.
  • the recesses 11 of the support plate 10 are dimensioned such that a contact-free passage of the elevations 22 is ensured. 2, the areas of contact of the elevations 22 with the pot base 5 are shown in broken lines.
  • the individual parts described above can be seen in their final position.
  • the parts are provided with the reference numerals previously used.
  • the cohesion is ensured in that the contact body 2 with the elevations 22 z. B. is connected by soldering.
  • the contact body 2 is therefore able to withstand the strong forces which occur when interacting with the same contact piece arrangement within a vacuum interrupter.
  • FIG. 5 shows how a current i entering the current supply pin 20 is first divided into two partial currents of the same size, which are conducted to the part 16 via the central web 17.
  • each of the partial streams passes into the part 16, there is again a division into two partial streams of equal size, which flow in opposite directions through the part 16 to the elevations 22 and unite there.
  • Both partial flows then flow through the carrier 4 and the contact plate 3 to one or more starting points of switching arcs.
  • the arc discharge is exposed to an axially directed magnetic field, the direction of which changes from quadrant to quadrant, as can be seen from the arrows 23, 24, 25 and 26 shown in FIG. 6.
  • This different polarity of the magnetic fields in the four quadrants of the ring part is associated with the property that only a very weak field is generated at the time of current zero crossing, in particular near the axis of the switching element arrangements, and thus the eddy currents are low.
  • the charge carriers are hardly held in place at the zero current crossing and can therefore diffuse out of the space between the contact piece arrangements largely unhindered. Additional measures to suppress eddy currents, such as. B. a slit of the carrier 4 or the contact plate 3 are therefore unnecessary.
  • Fig. 8 shows schematically a vacuum interrupter 30 with switching piece arrangement of the type described in section.
  • the housing 31 has a central part 32 made of metal and hollow insulating bodies 33 and 34 adjoining it on both sides.
  • In the evacuated interior of the housing 31 there are two contact arrangement 1 according to FIG. 7. While the lower contact arrangement with its power supply pin 35 is stationary, the upper contact arrangement with its power supply pin 36 can be moved in the axial direction for switching on and off. For this is between the upper housing flange 37 and the power supply bolt 35, a bellows 38 is arranged.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vakuumschaltröhre, die folgende Merkmale aufweist:

  • a) ein vakuumdichtes Gehäuse;
  • b) in dem Gehäuse relativ zueinander bewegbare Schaltstückanordnungen und diese tragende Stromzuführungsbolzen;
  • c) jede Schaltstückanordnung umfaßt einen als Feldwicklung dienenden, mit einem mittleren Steg und Erhebungen als Stromübergangsstellen versehenen Ring;
  • d) die Stromübergangsstellen sind im Zuge des Ringes auf einer rechtwinklig zu dem Steg verlaufenden Durchmesserlinie angeordnet und
  • e) ein den Ring völlig abdeckender Kontaktkörper.
The invention relates to a vacuum interrupter, which has the following features:
  • a) a vacuum-tight housing;
  • b) in the housing relatively movable contact piece arrangements and these carrying power supply bolts;
  • c) each contact assembly comprises a ring serving as a field winding, provided with a central bridge and elevations as current transfer points;
  • d) the current transfer points are arranged in the course of the ring on a diameter line running at right angles to the web and
  • e) a contact body completely covering the ring.

Eine Vakuumschaltröhre mit diesen Merkmalen ist durch die US-A-4196 327 bekanntgeworden. Die Wirkungsweise solcher Schaltstückanordnungen beruht auf der Erzeugung eines axial gerichteten Magnetfeldes, das einer Kontraktion von Teillichtbögen zu einer räumlich konzentrierten Lichtbogenentladung entgegenwirkt. Gegenüber der bei niedrigen Stromstärken auftretenden diffusen Entladung ist der kontrahierte Lichtbogen mit einem großen Anodenfleck und relativ hoher Brennspannung sowie hohem Leistungsumsatz verbunden, was zu Aufschmelzungen an den Kontakten und starker Materialverdampfung führt.A vacuum interrupter with these features has become known from US-A-4196 327. The mode of operation of such switching element arrangements is based on the generation of an axially directed magnetic field which counteracts a contraction of partial arcs to form a spatially concentrated arc discharge. Compared to the diffuse discharge occurring at low currents, the contracted arc is associated with a large anode spot and relatively high operating voltage as well as high power conversion, which leads to melting of the contacts and strong material evaporation.

Die Stromübergangsstellen sind zugleich Kraftübergangsstellen, über welche die Kontaktkräfte auf den Ringkörper und den Stromzuführungsbolzen übertragen werden. Daher bereitet es Schwierigkeiten, die Lage und Form des Kontaktkörpers unter den auftretenden Beanspruchungen zu gewährleisten.The current transfer points are at the same time force transfer points via which the contact forces are transmitted to the ring body and the power supply bolt. It is therefore difficult to ensure the position and shape of the contact body under the stresses that occur.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vakuumschaltröhre der genannten Art so auszubilden, daß die Schaltstückanordnungen unter Beibehaltung ihres hohen Schaltvermögens eine möglichst große mechanische Stabilität erhalten.The invention is based on the object of designing a vacuum interrupter of the type mentioned in such a way that the contact-piece assemblies obtain the greatest possible mechanical stability while maintaining their high switching capacity.

Gemäß der Erfindung wird diese Aufgabe bei einer Vakuumschaltröhre der eingangs genannten Art dadurch gelöst, daß

  • f) in dem Raum zwischen dem Ring und dem Kontaktkörper eine aus einem mechanisch hochfesten, unmagnetischen und elektrisch nichtleitenden oder schlechtleitenden Werkstoff bestehende Stützplatte angeordnet ist und
  • g) die Stützplatte zum Durchtritt der erhabenen Stromübergangsstellen mit Aussparungen versehen ist.
According to the invention, this object is achieved in a vacuum interrupter of the type mentioned in that
  • f) a support plate consisting of a mechanically high-strength, non-magnetic and electrically non-conductive or poorly conductive material is arranged in the space between the ring and the contact body and
  • g) the support plate is provided with recesses for the passage of the raised current transition points.

Die Stützplatte bewirkt eine Verstärkung der Schaltstückanordnungen, ohne die zur Erzeugung des Magnetfeldes erforderliche Stromverteilung oder das Magnetfeld selbst zu stören. Geeignete Eigenschaften weisen beispielsweise Chrom-Nickel-Stähle auf. Wegen der Lage der Stromübergangsstellen im Zuge des Ringes können die Aussparungen zum Rand hin offen sein und sind dadurch besonders einfach herstellbar.The support plate reinforces the contact piece arrangements without disturbing the current distribution required to generate the magnetic field or the magnetic field itself. Chromium-nickel steels, for example, have suitable properties. Because of the location of the current transfer points in the course of the ring, the cutouts can be open towards the edge and are therefore particularly easy to produce.

Im Prinzip ist eine flächenhafte Abstützung zwischen dem Ring, der Stützplatte und dem Kontaktkörper möglich. Es erweist sich jedoch als vorteilhaft, zwischen dem Kontaktkörper und der Stützplatte sowie zwischen dieser Stützplatte und dem Ring Distanzstücke anzuordnen, weil diese leicht aus elektrisch nichtleitendem Werkstoff herstellbar sind und dadurch eine galvanische Trennung am besten zu erreichen ist. Dennoch ergibt sich bei entsprechender Verteilung und Anzahl der Stützkörper die erwünschte Stützwirkung auf die Kontaktkörper.In principle, extensive support between the ring, the support plate and the contact body is possible. However, it proves to be advantageous to arrange spacers between the contact body and the support plate and between this support plate and the ring, because these are easy to manufacture from electrically non-conductive material and thus the best way to achieve electrical isolation. Nevertheless, with the appropriate distribution and number of support bodies, the desired support effect on the contact body results.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand des in den Figuren dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert.The invention is explained below with reference to the embodiment shown in the figures.

Die Fig. 1 bis 6 zeigen eine Schaltstückanordnung in zerlegtem Zustand. Hierbei sind in den Fig. 1, 3 und 5 mittig geschnittene Teile in perspektivischer Ansicht dargestellt, während dieselben Teile in den Fig. 2, 4 und 6 vollständig in der Draufsicht gezeigt sind. Im einzelnen zeigen die Fig. 1 und 2 eine Kontaktplattte, die Fig. 3 und 4 eine Stützplatte und die Fig. 5 und 6 einen Innenkörper mit einem als Feldwicklung dienenden Ring und als Stromübergangsstellen dienenden Erhebungen.1 to 6 show a contact piece arrangement in the disassembled state. 1, 3 and 5, parts cut in the middle are shown in perspective view, while the same parts in FIGS. 2, 4 and 6 are shown completely in plan view. 1 and 2 show a contact plate, FIGS. 3 and 4 a support plate and FIGS. 5 and 6 show an inner body with a ring serving as a field winding and elevations serving as current transfer points.

Die Fig. 7 zeigt ein Teilstück einer Schaltstückanordnung im vollständig montierten Zustand in einer perspektivischen Ansicht.Fig. 7 shows a portion of a switch assembly in the fully assembled state in a perspective view.

Eine Vakuumschaltröhre mit Schaltstückanordnungen nach der Erfindung ist schematisch in der Fig. 8 dargestellt.A vacuum interrupter with contact piece arrangements according to the invention is shown schematically in FIG. 8.

Die Schaltstückanordnung 1 gemäß den Fig. 1, 3 und 5 weist als äußeres Teil für den Stromübergang einen Kontaktkörper 2 auf, der aus einer Kontaktplatte 3 als eigentlichem kontaktgebenden Element und einem Träger 4 besteht. Die Kontaktplatte 3 kann z. B. aus einem speziellen Kontaktwerkstoff hergestellt sein, wie er für Vakuumschaltröhren vorzugsweise angewandt wird, beispielsweise einem Chrom-Kupfer-Verbundwerkstoff oder Kupfer mit Zusatz von Wismut oder Tellur. Der Träger 4 besteht dagegen aus reinem Kupfer und hat die Gestalt eines sehr flachen Topfes. Der Topfboden 5 ist mit der Kontaktplatte 3 flächenhaft leitend verbunden, z. B. durch Löten. Der Topfmantel 6 dient zur Zentrierung des Kontaktkörpers 2 auf dem anhand der Fig. 5 noch zu beschreibenden Innenkörper. Der Außendurchmesser des Trägers 4 entspricht dem Durchmesser der Kontaktplatte 3. Der Rand 7 der Kontaktplatte 3 ist hierbei abgeschrägt und abgerundet ausgeführt, wie dies die Fig. 1 zeigt.1, 3 and 5 has, as an outer part for the current transfer, a contact body 2, which consists of a contact plate 3 as the actual contacting element and a carrier 4. The contact plate 3 can, for. B. be made of a special contact material, as it is preferably used for vacuum interrupters, for example a chrome-copper composite or copper with the addition of bismuth or tellurium. The carrier 4, however, consists of pure copper and has the shape of a very flat pot. The pot bottom 5 is connected to the contact plate 3 in a conductive manner, e.g. B. by soldering. The pot jacket 6 serves to center the contact body 2 on the inner body to be described with reference to FIG. 5. The outer diameter of the carrier 4 corresponds to the diameter of the contact plate 3. The edge 7 of the contact plate 3 is in this case bevelled and rounded, as shown in FIG. 1.

Unterhalb des Trägers 4 befindet sich eine Stützplatte 10, deren Durchmesser gegenüber dem Innendurchmesser des Trägers 4 verkleinert ist. An ihrem Rand ist die Stützplatte 10 mit zwei diagonal gegenüberliegenden Aussparungen 11 versehen, durch die sich im fertigmontierten Zustand der Schaltstückanordnung 1 je eine Strom- übergangsstelle erstreckt. Jeweils vier Distanzstücke 12 sind am Umfang der Stützplatte 10 auf ihrer Oberseite und ihrer Unterseite verteilt angeordnet, während ein weiteres Distanzstück 12 im Zentrum der Stützplatte an ihrer Unterseite vorgesehen ist. Die Anzahl und die Verteilung der Distanzstücke kann hiervon abweichend entsprechend der Größe und der Beanspruchung der Schaltstücke gewählt werden.Below the carrier 4 is a support plate 10, the diameter of which is smaller than the inside diameter of the carrier 4 is. At its edge, the support plate 10 is provided with two diagonally opposite cutouts 11, through which a current transition point extends in the fully assembled state of the switching element arrangement 1. In each case four spacers 12 are distributed around the circumference of the support plate 10 on its top and bottom, while a further spacer 12 is provided in the center of the support plate on its bottom. Deviating from this, the number and distribution of the spacers can be selected in accordance with the size and the stress on the switching elements.

Entsprechend ihrer Funktion besteht die Stützplatte 10 aus einem mechanisch hochfesten Werkstoff, der zugleich nichtferromagnetisch und schlechtleitend ist. Diese Eigenschaften weisen beispielsweise Chrom-Nickel-Stähle auf. Als Distanzstücke 12 eignen sich Klötze aus einem keramischen Werkstoff, die elektrisch nicht leitend sind und eine große Druckfestigkeit aufweisen.According to its function, the support plate 10 consists of a mechanically high-strength material which is non-ferromagnetic and poorly conductive at the same time. These properties are shown, for example, by chrome-nickel steels. As spacers 12, blocks made of a ceramic material are suitable which are electrically non-conductive and have a high compressive strength.

Während in der Fig. die Stützplatte 10 als scheibenförmiger Körper dargestellt ist, sind auch andere Ausführungen möglich, die bei geringem Gewicht eine möglichst hohe mechanische Festigkeit besitzen. Hierzu kann die Stützplatte beispielsweise gewellt oder waffelartig profiliert ausgebildet sein. Ferner kann die Stützplatte mit einer gitterartigen Struktur durchbrochen ausgeführt sein.While the support plate 10 is shown in the figure as a disk-shaped body, other designs are also possible which have the highest possible mechanical strength with a low weight. For this purpose, the support plate can for example be corrugated or waffle-like profiled. Furthermore, the support plate can be perforated with a lattice-like structure.

Der leitende Innenkörper 15 gemäß den Fig. 5 und 6 weist einen ringförmigen Teil 16 mit rechteckigem Querschnitt auf, der mit einem mittleren Steg 17 und dem abgebrochen dargestellten Stromzuführungsbolzen 20 einstückig hergestellt ist. Wie man erkennt, kann der Innenkörper aber auch aus miteinander verbundenen Einzelteilen bestehen, an dem Stromzuführungsbolzen befestigt sind. An seiner dem Kontaktkörper 2 zugewandten Stirnseite 21 besitzt der Ringteil 16 zwei einander diagonal gegenüberliegende Erhebungen 22, die als Stromübergangsstellen zu dem Kontaktkörper 2 dienen. Wie insbesondere die Fig. 6 erkennen läßt, steht die Durchmesserlinie, auf der die Erhebungen 22 liegen, senkrecht zur Längsachse des mittleren Steges 17. Hierzusind die Ausnehmungen 11 der Stützplatte 10 so bemessen, daß ein berührungsfreier Durchtritt der Erhebungen 22 gewährleistet ist. In der Fig. 2 sind gestrichelt die Berührungsflächen der Erhebungen 22 mit dem Topfboden 5 eingezeichnet.The conductive inner body 15 according to FIGS. 5 and 6 has an annular part 16 with a rectangular cross section, which is made in one piece with a central web 17 and the power supply bolt 20 shown broken off. As can be seen, the inner body can also consist of interconnected individual parts to which the power supply bolts are attached. On its end face 21 which faces the contact body 2, the ring part 16 has two elevations 22 which lie diagonally opposite one another and which serve as current transfer points to the contact body 2. As can be seen in particular in FIG. 6, the diameter line on which the elevations 22 lie is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the central web 17. In addition, the recesses 11 of the support plate 10 are dimensioned such that a contact-free passage of the elevations 22 is ensured. 2, the areas of contact of the elevations 22 with the pot base 5 are shown in broken lines.

In der Fig. 7 sind die vorstehend beschriebenen Einzelteile in ihrer endgültigen Lage zu erkennen. Die Teile sind mit den zuvor verwendeten Bezugszeichen versehen. Der Zusammenhalt ist dadurch gewährleistet, daß der Kontaktkörper 2 mit den Erhebungen 22 z. B. durch Löten flächenhaft verbunden ist. Zwischen der Stirnfläche 21 des ringförmigen Teiles 16 und der Stützplatte 10 einerseits sowie zwischen dieser und dem Topfboden 5 des Trägers andererseits ist ein Abstand vorhanden, der durch die in der Fig. 7 teilweise nicht sichtbaren, jedoch in den Fig. 3 und 4 dargestellten Distanzstücke 12 aufrechterhalten wird. Der Kontaktkörper 2 vermag deshalb trotz einer verhältnismäßig dünnwandigen Ausführung den starken Kräften zu widerstehen, die beim Zusammenwirken mit einer gleichen Schaltstückanordnung innerhalb einer Vakuumschaltröhre auftreten.7, the individual parts described above can be seen in their final position. The parts are provided with the reference numerals previously used. The cohesion is ensured in that the contact body 2 with the elevations 22 z. B. is connected by soldering. Between the end face 21 of the annular part 16 and the support plate 10, on the one hand, and between this and the pot bottom 5 of the support, on the other hand, there is a distance which is shown by the spacers, which are partly not visible in FIG. 7, but are shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 12 is maintained. Despite a relatively thin-walled design, the contact body 2 is therefore able to withstand the strong forces which occur when interacting with the same contact piece arrangement within a vacuum interrupter.

Die sich im Betrieb ergebende Stromverteilung ist am besten den Fig. 1, 5 und 6 zu entnehmen. In der Fig. 5 ist dargestellt, wie ein in den Stromzuführungsbolzen 20 eintretender Strom i zunächst in zwei gleich große Teilströme unterteilt wird, die über den mittleren Steg 17 zu dem Teil 16 geleitet werden. Bei dem Übertritt jedes der Teilströme in den Teil 16 ergibt sich nochmals eine Teilung in zwei gleich große Teilströme, die nach entgegengesetzten Richtungen durch den Teil 16 bis zu den Erhebungen 22 fließen und sich dort vereinigen. Beide Teilströme fließen dann durch den Träger4 und die Kontaktplatte 3 bis zu einer oder mehreren Ansatzstellen von Schaltlichtbögen. Dabei ist die Lichtbogenentladung einem axial gerichteten Magnetfeld ausgesetzt, dessen Richtung von Quadrant zu Quadrant wechselt, wie die in der Fig. 6 eingetragenen Pfeile 23, 24, 25 und 26 erkennen lassen. Mit dieser unterschiedlichen Polarität der Magnetfelder in den vier Quadranten des Ringteiles ist die Eigenschaft verbunden, daß zur Zeit des Stromnulldurchganges insbesondere nahe der Achse der Schaltstückanordnungen nur ein sehr schwaches Feld erzeugt wird und damit die Wirbelströme gering sind. Infolgedessen werden die Ladungsträger im Stromnulldurchgang kaum festgehalten und können daher aus dem Zwischenraum zwischen den Schaltstückanordnungen weitgehend ungehindert wegdiffundieren. Zusätzliche Maßnahmen zur Unterdrückung der Wirbelströme, wie z. B. eine Schlitzung des Trägers 4 oder der Kontaktplatte 3 sind daher entbehrlich.The current distribution resulting during operation can best be seen in FIGS. 1, 5 and 6. FIG. 5 shows how a current i entering the current supply pin 20 is first divided into two partial currents of the same size, which are conducted to the part 16 via the central web 17. When each of the partial streams passes into the part 16, there is again a division into two partial streams of equal size, which flow in opposite directions through the part 16 to the elevations 22 and unite there. Both partial flows then flow through the carrier 4 and the contact plate 3 to one or more starting points of switching arcs. The arc discharge is exposed to an axially directed magnetic field, the direction of which changes from quadrant to quadrant, as can be seen from the arrows 23, 24, 25 and 26 shown in FIG. 6. This different polarity of the magnetic fields in the four quadrants of the ring part is associated with the property that only a very weak field is generated at the time of current zero crossing, in particular near the axis of the switching element arrangements, and thus the eddy currents are low. As a result, the charge carriers are hardly held in place at the zero current crossing and can therefore diffuse out of the space between the contact piece arrangements largely unhindered. Additional measures to suppress eddy currents, such as. B. a slit of the carrier 4 or the contact plate 3 are therefore unnecessary.

Werden zwei gleiche Schaltstückanordnungen entsprechend der Fig. 7 so einander gegenüberstehend angeordnet, daß die einander gegenüberstehenden Ringquadranten gleichsinnig vom Strom durchflossen werden, so ergeben sich anziehende Kräfte. Dies ist vorteilhaft im Hinblick auf die Bemessung des Schalterantriebes, weil die bei Stoßströmungen auftretenden kontakttrennenden Kräfte dann wesentlich geringer sind als bei üblichen Schaltstückanordnungen.If two identical contact piece arrangements according to FIG. 7 are arranged opposite one another such that the opposing ring quadrants are flowed through in the same direction by the current, then attractive forces result. This is advantageous with regard to the dimensioning of the switch drive, because the contact-separating forces which occur in the case of surge currents are then considerably lower than in the case of conventional contact piece arrangements.

Die Fig. 8 zeigt schematisch eine Vakuumschaltröhre 30 mit Schaltstückanordnung der beschriebenen Art im Schnitt. Das Gehäuse 31 weist ein aus Metall bestehendes Mittelteil 32 und hieran beidseitig anschließende hohle lsolierkörper 33 und 34 auf. In dem evakuierten Innenraum des Gehäuses 31 befinden sich zwei Schaltstückanordnungen 1 gemäß der Fig. 7. Während die untere Schaltstückanordnung mit ihrem Stromzuführungsbolzen 35 feststehend ist, läßt sich die obere Schaltstückanordnung mit ihrem Stromzuführungsbolzen 36 in axialer Richtung zum Ein- und Ausschalten verschieben. Hierzu ist zwischen dem oberen Gehäuseflansch 37 und dem Stromzuführungsbolzen 35 ein Federbalg 38 angeordnet.Fig. 8 shows schematically a vacuum interrupter 30 with switching piece arrangement of the type described in section. The housing 31 has a central part 32 made of metal and hollow insulating bodies 33 and 34 adjoining it on both sides. In the evacuated interior of the housing 31 there are two contact arrangement 1 according to FIG. 7. While the lower contact arrangement with its power supply pin 35 is stationary, the upper contact arrangement with its power supply pin 36 can be moved in the axial direction for switching on and off. For this is between the upper housing flange 37 and the power supply bolt 35, a bellows 38 is arranged.

Claims (4)

1. A vacuum switch (30) having the following features:
a) a vacuum-tight housing (31);
b) switching member arrangements (1) which are movable relative to one another in the housing (31) and current supply bolts (20) supporting them;
c) each switching member arrangement (1) comprises a ring (16) which serves as a field winding and is provided with a central bridge (17) and projections (22) as current passage points;
d) the current passage points (22) are arranged in the course of the ring (16) on a diameter line running at right angles to the bridge (17);
e) a contact body (2) which completely covers the ring (16);

characterised by following further features:
f) a supporting plate (10) is arranged in the interspace between the ring (16) and the contact body (2), which consists of a mechanically highly stable, non-magnetic and electrically non-conductive or poorly conductive material;
g) for penetration by the projecting current passage points (22), the supporting plate (10) is provided with recesses (11).
2. A vacuum switch as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that spacers (12) are arranged both between the contact body (2) and the supporting plate (10) and between the supporting plate (10) and the ring (16).
3. A vacuum switch as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the contact body (2) consists of an electrically highly-conductive carrier (4) and a plate (3) which is resistant to burning and consists of a contact material.
4. A vacuum switch as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that two similarly designed switching member arrangements (1) are arranged opposite to one another in such a way that in each case, sections of the ring (16) through which current flows in the same direction are arranged in parallel.
EP83730011A 1982-02-23 1983-02-01 Vacuum switch with a ring acting as a field winding Expired EP0088040B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3206823 1982-02-23
DE19823206823 DE3206823A1 (en) 1982-02-23 1982-02-23 VACUUM SWITCH TUBES WITH A RING FOR THE FIELD DEVELOPMENT

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0088040A1 EP0088040A1 (en) 1983-09-07
EP0088040B1 true EP0088040B1 (en) 1985-09-11

Family

ID=6156685

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83730011A Expired EP0088040B1 (en) 1982-02-23 1983-02-01 Vacuum switch with a ring acting as a field winding

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4504711A (en)
EP (1) EP0088040B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS58157017A (en)
DE (2) DE3206823A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3235298A1 (en) * 1982-09-21 1984-03-22 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München VACUUM SWITCH TUBES WITH RING PART AND DIAMETRAL BRIDGE OF SWITCHES
DE3416368C2 (en) * 1984-04-30 1986-07-17 Ernst Prof. Dr.techn.habil. 1000 Berlin Slamecka Vacuum switch contact arrangement
DE3510981A1 (en) * 1985-03-22 1985-10-31 Ernst Prof. Dr.techn.habil. 1000 Berlin Slamecka Vacuum switch, exciter contact arrangement
DE3610241A1 (en) * 1986-03-26 1987-10-01 Siemens Ag Contact arrangement for vacuum switches having an axial magnetic field
FR2727565B1 (en) * 1994-11-29 1997-01-17 Schneider Electric Sa ELECTRIC SWITCH, ESPECIALLY VACUUM
EP1102288A1 (en) * 1999-11-16 2001-05-23 ABBPATENT GmbH Contact piece for use in an axial magnetic field of a vacuum chamber
DE102017214451A1 (en) * 2017-08-18 2019-02-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vacuum switching chamber for a high voltage circuit breaker and method of constructing the vacuum switching chamber

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3764764A (en) * 1971-01-11 1973-10-09 Hitachi Ltd Vacuum circuit breaker
US4117288A (en) * 1976-06-25 1978-09-26 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Vacuum type circuit interrupter with a contact having integral axial magnetic field means
JPS58810B2 (en) * 1976-12-06 1983-01-08 株式会社日立製作所 Vacuum cutter
JPS555204A (en) * 1978-05-27 1980-01-16 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Manufacturing method of box type construction
JPS5826132B2 (en) * 1978-11-22 1983-06-01 株式会社日立製作所 Vacuum cutter
US4260864A (en) * 1978-11-30 1981-04-07 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Vacuum-type circuit interrupter with an improved contact with axial magnetic field coil
JPS57205927A (en) * 1981-06-12 1982-12-17 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Vacuum bubl

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3360739D1 (en) 1985-10-17
US4504711A (en) 1985-03-12
EP0088040A1 (en) 1983-09-07
JPS58157017A (en) 1983-09-19
DE3206823A1 (en) 1983-09-01

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