EP0085466A1 - Système de chauffage central - Google Patents

Système de chauffage central Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0085466A1
EP0085466A1 EP83200161A EP83200161A EP0085466A1 EP 0085466 A1 EP0085466 A1 EP 0085466A1 EP 83200161 A EP83200161 A EP 83200161A EP 83200161 A EP83200161 A EP 83200161A EP 0085466 A1 EP0085466 A1 EP 0085466A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
temperature
boiler
spaces
space
control unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP83200161A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ronand Anthony Dogger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DOGGER LAM WILLEMPJE JOHANNA
Original Assignee
DOGGER LAM WILLEMPJE JOHANNA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DOGGER LAM WILLEMPJE JOHANNA filed Critical DOGGER LAM WILLEMPJE JOHANNA
Publication of EP0085466A1 publication Critical patent/EP0085466A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
    • F24H15/144—Measuring or calculating energy consumption
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
    • F24H15/156—Reducing the quantity of energy consumed; Increasing efficiency
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
    • F24H15/174—Supplying heated water with desired temperature or desired range of temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/281—Input from user
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/355—Control of heat-generating means in heaters
    • F24H15/36—Control of heat-generating means in heaters of burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/395—Information to users, e.g. alarms

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heating system for heating a number of spaces, comprising a boiler for supplying warm water through a pipeline-network to the radiators placed in the spaces to be heated, whereby at least in a number of spaces temperature sensors are provided for measuring the temperatue in the related space, a temperature sensor is provided for measuring the boiler water temperature, means are provided for indicating a desired boiler water temperature, and furthermore a central control unit is provided, to which the signals of the temperature sensors and of said boiler water temperature indication means are supplied, said central control unit is provided with input means, by which the user can previously feed in a desired temperature for a predetermined period of time.
  • a room thermostat is provided in one of the spaces to be heated by the heating system, which thermostat supplies a signal through which the burner of the boiler is switched on if the temperature in said room, watched by the room thermostat, drops under a temperature at which the room thermostat switches on, after which the burner is switched off if the temperature has risen to a level at which the room thermostat switches off.
  • the room thermostat exhibits a considerable hysteresis and because of that such a simple on-off control is fairly coarse.
  • the temperature in the space in which the room thermostat is provided can yet vary considerably with this type of control.
  • a further drawback of this type of control is that the temperature in other rooms is directly dependent on the temperature in the space watched by the room thermostat. Assuming a constant outside temperature it is theoretically possible to set the radiator valves of the radiators in the other spaces such that also these spaces are kept at a constant temperature. However, because the outside temperature is not constant and because moreover the heat loss from the space to outside through windows and doors and through the outer walls and the heat transport through the inner walls of one space to the other is a very complex physical system, it will be practically impossible to adjust a central heating system of the simple on-off control type such that every space to be heated by the heating system has exactly the desired constant temperature.
  • a futher known central heating system uses so-called ther. mostatic valves.
  • ther. mostatic valves Thereby in every space at least one of the radiators, but preferably all radiators, are provided with a thermostatic valve, which opens completely if the temperature drops below a predetermined temperature and closes completely if the temperature rises above a predetermined level. If the temperature in a space drops under the level set at the thermostatic valve, the valve will open, such that hot water can be supplied to the associated radiator by the boiler. As soon as the temperature in a space is sufficiently increased, the valve will close.
  • thermostatic valves are very near the associated radiator and therefore are rapidly influenced by the heat dissipated by the radiators. Therefore also the application of thermostatic valves does not result into a smooth optimal temperature control in a space.
  • a system of the type indicated in the first paragraph is known from the British Patent Application 2040080A.
  • the temperatures measured by the temperature sensors are averaged in the control unit after which the mean value is used to control the entire heating system.
  • the spaces are not controlled individual.
  • the mean signal of the temperature sensors is only used for controlling the burner and the pump. That implies that at a drop of the mean temperature below a preset value the burner as well as the pump are activated and are switched off at reaching the desired temperature.
  • the temperature in each space can considerably diverge from the desired temperature which might be different for the various spaces. Furthermore the outside temperature has a strong influence on the temperature in the various spaces, which is not taken into account. Also the location of the space in a building is of importance because of influences from the strength and direction of the wind, sunshine and so on.
  • a boiler is used of which the capacity is calculated in a known way dependent on the total radiator surface to be installed, the lowest outside temperature, the transmission losses from inside to outside of the several rooms, and so on. Based on such a calculation the capacity of the boiler to be installed is determined, said boiler being in any case sufficiently large to be able to supply sufficient heat even under extreme circumstances, i.e. at very low outside temperatures, very large heat losses and so on. Therefore, generally the capacity of the boiler will in fact be too large.
  • the invention now aims to avoid above mentioned drawbacks and to provide a central heating system in which the temperature can be maintained at a predetermined level in every space to be heated by the heating system in an efficient and economic way, in which the capacity of the boiler is set at a value dependent on the momentaneous situation that the energy consumption of the entire system is minimized.
  • a central heating system of the type mentioned in the preamble which is according to the invention characterized in that in each of said number of spaces at least one valve is provided for controlling the warm water supply to the related space, the input means are appropriate for feeding in a desired temperature for a predetermined period of time for each space individually, and the central control unit on the one hand controls the valves provided in the related spaces dependent on the signals from the temperature sensors in said spaces, such that for each individual space the desired fed in momentaneous temperature is maintained and on the other hand controls the means for indicating the desired boiler water temperature dependent on the totale need for heat, such that the temperature of the boiler water is controlled at such a level, that the energy consumption of the boiler is minimized.
  • this drawback is eleminated in that the outside temperature, measured by an outside temperature sensor is taken into account by the central control means controlling the means for indicating the. desired boiler water temperature such, that the energy consumption of the boiler is further minimized.
  • At least one valve provided in each space is embodied as a servo valve, which can proportionally be adjusted by the central control unit.
  • the energy consumption of the boiler is minimized, by each time measuring the length of the periods in which the bur. ner of the boiler is switched on, storing said measured periods of time in the central control unit, which controls the boiler water temperature based on a calculated mean time period such that the mean time period is minimized.
  • two spaces la and lb to be heated by the central heating system are schematically shown.
  • one or more radiators are provided for heating said space and these radiators are connected to the pipeline-network by a .valve 2a, 2b, said pipeline-network transporting warm water supplied by a boiler.
  • a temperature sensor 3a, 3b is provided, for measuring the temperature of the related space la, lb.
  • the boiler of the central heating system comprises a boiler thermostat 4, which switches the burner of the boiler off if the boiler temperature set at the thermostat is reached.
  • This thermostat is of the type which can be adjusted to a varying temperature by an external signal.
  • a temperature sensor is mounted outside the spaces to be heated for measuring the outside temperature.
  • Temperature sensors 3 and 5 can for instance comprise temperature dependent resistors in a known way.
  • All temperature sensors 3a, 3b ?? and 5 as well as the valves 2a, 2b, Vietnamese thermostat 4 are connected to the central control unit 6.
  • This central control unit 6 is also connected to input means, for instance a keyboard 7 as shown, and to output means, for instance a multidigit display 8.
  • the central control unit 6 comprises a memory, from which a part is accessible for the user through the keyboard 7. By means of this keyboard 7 the operator can set the desired temperatures for a predetermined period of time for each of the spaces 1, for instance
  • space la temperature 21° C between 8.00 and 23.00 temperature 15° C between 23.00 and 8.00
  • the central control unit is provided with such a clock unit that different days of the week can be distinguished, then it is possible to program the temperature for each day individually by an adjusted keyboard, for instance space lb: Mo to Fr between 8.00 and 18.00: temperature 21° C between 0.00 and 8.00 and between 18.00 and 24.00: temperature 15° C Sa and Su between 0.00 and 24.00 temperature 15° C
  • the user receives for instance every time a return signal from the central control unit through the display 8, on which the programmed values are visualized. Furthermore it is possible to visualize indications on this panel to assist the operator during the programming of the central control unit 6.
  • the display unit 8 can for instance be used to continuously indicate the present time in hours and minutes.
  • the heating system functions during operation as follows.
  • each of the spaces la, lb the temperature is measured by the temperature sensors 3a, 3b, .... provided therein.
  • each of these temperature sensors is individually connected with the central control unit. If a larger number of spaces with accordingly a larger number of temperature sensors is heated, then a multiplexer can for instance be applied by means of which the temperature sensors are cyclically sensed by the cen. tral control unit 6.
  • the temperature measured by a temperature sensor is compared with the temperature programmed in the central control unit 6 for said space and for the present moment (eventually taking into account the day of the week). If the measured temperature is too low, the valve 2 in the related space 1 is opened by the control unit 6, such that hot water is supplied from the boiler to the radiators in the related space through the pipeline-network, so that the temperature in the related space will rise. If the tempe* rature has reached the programmed value, the valve 2 will be closed by the central control unit.
  • valves of the on-off type are applied, yet a variation of the temperature will occur, although within a small range.
  • a more exact and more defined control is obtained if servo valves are applied, which can be controlled continuously between completely opened and completely closed.
  • the water which has to be fed to the radiators in the several spaces under control of the central control unit, is heated in a boiler provided with a burner and a boiler thermostat 4.
  • This boiler thermostat 4 causes the burner to be switched off if the boiler water has reached the maximum temperature set at the boiler thermostat.
  • a boiler thermostat is applied of which the temperature can be adjusted by a suitable signal.
  • a thermostat can be used which is adjustable in steps, to for instance at 55° C, 65° C, 75° C, 85° C or 95° C.
  • a thermostat of which the temperature is continuously adjustable, between for instance 55° C and 95° C, for instance by a servo mechanism. If necessary a return signal about the adjusted temperature can be transmitted from the thermostat 4 to the central control unit 6, as is shown in the Figure.
  • the central control unit 6 continuously calculates the need for heat in each space based on the measured temperature and the programmed temperature for the related space. All these, for each space individually calculated values together provide the total need for heat in the entire system. This calculated needed total quantity of heat will be supplied to the boiler water by the boiler, such that the heat can be transported to the various radiators by the water.
  • the control unit 6 now controls the maximum boiler temperature set on the boiler thermostat such that on the one hand the momentaneous need for heat can be satisfied while on the other hand the needed energy for producing said heat is minimized.
  • thermoelectric temperature it is also possible to measure the power consumption of the boiler, for instance by each time measuring the length of time during which the burner is switched on. Based on the mean ratio between the periods of time during which the burner is switched on, and the periods of time during which the burner is switched off, it is possible in a per se known way to adjust the boiler temperature at such a value that said ratio approaches a minimum.
  • a thermostat adjustable in steps, can be used, however, preferably a continuously controllable, for instance servo controlled thermostat is used.
  • the control unit 6 can take measures anticipating the future need to energy. If for instance the temperature in a space has to be increased from 15° C to 21° C at a predetermined moment, for instance at 8.00, then such a rise in temperature needs time.
  • the central control unit now can continuously "look ahead" for instance 15 minutes and seek in the memory if a temperature in one of the space has to rise after 15 minutes.
  • the central control unit can open the valve 2 in the related space earlier than at the programmed moment, dependent on the temperature difference to be bridged, with the result that on the programmed moment the desired temperature is al. ready reached or at least approached.
  • the larger the temperature difference to be abridged the earlier the central control unit has to open the related valve.
  • the boiler thermostat should of course be adjusted to a suitable temperature in accordance with this temperature elevation through the boiler thermostat-control loop.
  • control unit 6 can also deliver signals to a pump provided in the system for circulating the water through the pipeline-network.
  • Said pump can be controlled by the control unit 6 in a per se known way such, that the pump is in any case switched on during the periods in which the burner is switched on and is furthermore switched off at the end of a predetermined time period after the burner is switched off.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
EP83200161A 1982-01-28 1983-01-26 Système de chauffage central Withdrawn EP0085466A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL8200316A NL8200316A (nl) 1982-01-28 1982-01-28 Centrale verwarmingsinrichting.
NL8200316 1982-01-28

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0085466A1 true EP0085466A1 (fr) 1983-08-10

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ID=19839150

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EP83200161A Withdrawn EP0085466A1 (fr) 1982-01-28 1983-01-26 Système de chauffage central

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EP (1) EP0085466A1 (fr)
NL (1) NL8200316A (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2225653A (en) * 1988-11-09 1990-06-06 Danfoss As Optimising supply temperature of heating medium
GB2456440A (en) * 2009-04-20 2009-07-22 Garry Richmond Stewart Secondary heating system controller used in conjunction with a primary heating system controller of a heating system
CN103759857A (zh) * 2014-01-23 2014-04-30 北京鑫雅图科贸有限公司 一种物料管道伴热在线监控系统
EP2589883A3 (fr) * 2011-10-18 2014-06-11 Panasonic Corporation Dispositif de chauffage hydronique à pompe thermique
CN107166504A (zh) * 2017-04-18 2017-09-15 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 供暖调节方法及装置
CN107270384A (zh) * 2017-05-24 2017-10-20 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 用于供暖调节的方法及装置
CN110645629A (zh) * 2019-08-13 2020-01-03 甘肃梦农物联网科技有限公司 一种供暖调节方法、设备及计算机可读存储介质

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0012936A1 (fr) * 1978-12-21 1980-07-09 Honeywell Gmbh Procédé pour l'optimisation de la consommation énergétique dans les bâtiments ainsi que dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé
GB2040080A (en) * 1979-01-23 1980-08-20 Baker C Control apparatus for central heating systems

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0012936A1 (fr) * 1978-12-21 1980-07-09 Honeywell Gmbh Procédé pour l'optimisation de la consommation énergétique dans les bâtiments ainsi que dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé
GB2040080A (en) * 1979-01-23 1980-08-20 Baker C Control apparatus for central heating systems

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
LANDIS & GYR-MITTEILUNGEN, vol. 28, no. 2, 1981, pages 30-32, Zug, CH. *

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2225653B (en) * 1988-11-09 1992-12-23 Danfoss As Method of setting the mean value of the supply temperature of a heating medium and means for performing the method
GB2225653A (en) * 1988-11-09 1990-06-06 Danfoss As Optimising supply temperature of heating medium
CN102483245B (zh) * 2009-04-20 2014-09-17 兆平有限公司 次加热系统控制器
GB2456440A (en) * 2009-04-20 2009-07-22 Garry Richmond Stewart Secondary heating system controller used in conjunction with a primary heating system controller of a heating system
GB2456440B (en) * 2009-04-20 2009-12-09 Garry Richmond Stewart Secondary heating-system-controller with temperature-independent interruption means
WO2010122328A3 (fr) * 2009-04-20 2011-10-06 Garry Richmond Stewart Dispositif de commande de système de chauffage secondaire
CN102483245A (zh) * 2009-04-20 2012-05-30 乔普-克洛克（苏格兰）有限公司 次加热系统控制器
EP2589883A3 (fr) * 2011-10-18 2014-06-11 Panasonic Corporation Dispositif de chauffage hydronique à pompe thermique
CN103759857A (zh) * 2014-01-23 2014-04-30 北京鑫雅图科贸有限公司 一种物料管道伴热在线监控系统
CN103759857B (zh) * 2014-01-23 2016-08-17 北京鑫雅图科贸有限公司 一种物料管道伴热在线监控系统
CN107166504A (zh) * 2017-04-18 2017-09-15 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 供暖调节方法及装置
US11397010B2 (en) 2017-04-18 2022-07-26 Qingdao Haier Air Conditioner General Corp. Ltd. Heating adjustment method and device
CN107270384A (zh) * 2017-05-24 2017-10-20 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 用于供暖调节的方法及装置
CN110645629A (zh) * 2019-08-13 2020-01-03 甘肃梦农物联网科技有限公司 一种供暖调节方法、设备及计算机可读存储介质
CN110645629B (zh) * 2019-08-13 2021-05-04 甘肃梦农物联网科技有限公司 一种供暖调节方法、设备及计算机可读存储介质

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