EP0083961A2 - Improved jar tool for drill strings - Google Patents
Improved jar tool for drill strings Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0083961A2 EP0083961A2 EP83300016A EP83300016A EP0083961A2 EP 0083961 A2 EP0083961 A2 EP 0083961A2 EP 83300016 A EP83300016 A EP 83300016A EP 83300016 A EP83300016 A EP 83300016A EP 0083961 A2 EP0083961 A2 EP 0083961A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- section
- mandrell
- housing
- piston assembly
- piston
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 description 15
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B31/00—Fishing for or freeing objects in boreholes or wells
- E21B31/107—Fishing for or freeing objects in boreholes or wells using impact means for releasing stuck parts, e.g. jars
- E21B31/113—Fishing for or freeing objects in boreholes or wells using impact means for releasing stuck parts, e.g. jars hydraulically-operated
Definitions
- Jar tools are extensively used in the oil drilling industry to dislodge drill bits, drill string sections, or other well tools trapped in well bores.
- An example of such a jar tool is disclosed in U.S. Patent 3,716,109 (Griffiths) entitled ROTARY JAR and owned by the applicant.
- U.S. Patent 3,716,109 discloses a jar tool which has been in satisfactory use for a number of years.
- U.S. Patent 3,716,109 discloses a jar tool having a spline mandrell and an outer housing, the mandrell and the housing being able to move longitudinally relative to each other.
- a knocker is connected to the mandrell and it collides with an anvil which is connected to the housing. The collision or impact between them causes the jar on the drill string and it should be appreciated that the impact is violent and the operating conditions under which the tool is used are extreme.
- This impact is created by the sudden release of entrapped hydraulic fluid which is allowed to rush by a piston assembly travelling from a relatively narrow diameter of a hydraulic cylinder into a relatively larger diameter where the fluid flow past the piston is largely unimpeded.
- a piston actuator To actuate the piston assembly; a piston actuator is used.
- This piston actuator includes resilient fingers extending from the actuator and towards the piston. The fingers engage a resilient part on the piston assembly when contact is made and provide a "pulling" action on the piston assembly to return it to its home position following the jar.
- the technique of using these fingers and the necessary costs entailed in using them and complementary parts on the piston assembly is expensive and complicated.
- the use of the metering system required fluids that, although having viscosity characteristics more constant under different operating temperatures, did not have desirable lubricating qualities.
- the metering system could be improved by selecting temperature compensable valves within the metering system and pressure relief valves.
- the metering and pressure relief valves may be used in various combinations to achieve desirable operating characteristics.
- the invention provides a jar tool for use in a drill string, said jar tool comprising:
- the jar tool 100 comprises a spline mandrell shown generally at 101 and an outer housing shown generally at 102.
- Spline mandrell 101 comprises a threaded socket 103 adapted to receive an adjacent piece of drill pipe (not shown) within the head portion 104 of the spline mandrell 101.
- Hexagonal splines 105 extend longitudinally along spline mandrell 101 to threaded portion 106.
- a knocker 107 is connected to the threaded portion 106.
- An impact ring 108 is mounted between knocker 107 and a shoulder 109 on the spline mandrell 101.
- Knocker 107 has an opposed threaded end 110.
- a piston mandrell 111 is threadedly connected to knocker 107 at threaded end 110.
- Knocker 107 also includes O-rings 112, which act as seals between knocker 107, spline mandrell 101 and piston mandrell 111.
- a washpipe 113 is mounted to piston mandrell 111 on threaded connection 114.
- the washpipe 113 extends longitudinally from the end of piston mandrell 111 and terminates at end 115.
- a piston actuator 116 (see also Figure 2) is connected to washpipe 113 by a threaded connection 117.
- 0-ring 118 provides a seal between piston mandrell 111 and washpipe 113.
- the outer housing 102 comprises a sealing housing l19 extending from head portion 104 of spline mandrell 101 to a threaded connection 120.
- Polypak 121 in sealing housing 119 acts as a seal between sealing housing 119 and head portion 104 of spline mandrell 101.
- a bearing bushing 122 is provided in the sealing housing 119 as well as a cylinder fill plug 123. The fill plug 123 is used for adding hydraulic fluid to the jar tool 100.
- a spline housing 124 has threads complementary to those at threaded connection 120 to join with sealing housing 119 and further threads 125 located at its opposed end.
- a knocker housing 126 is connected to spline housing 124 by threads 125.
- spline housing 124 It extends longitudinally from spline housing 124 to threaded connection 127.
- 0-rings 128 at opposed ends of spline housing 124 act between sealing housing 119 and knocker housing 126, respectively.
- a cylinder fill plug 129 in knocker housing 126 acts as a port for adding hydraulic fluid to the upper chamber 130 in the jar tool 100.
- a packing sub 131 is connected to knocker housing 126 at threaded connection 127.
- Packing sub 131 has an opposed threaded connection 132 where it is attached to hydraulic cylinder 133.
- O-rings 134 at opposite ends of packing sub 131 act as seals between the packing sub 131, knocker housing 126 and hydraulic cylinder 133, respectively.
- Packing sub 131 has an internally formed shoulder 134 and an inner diameter which changes from a maximum area at 135 to a minimum area at 136. Packing sub 131 also includes a further threaded connection 137 where it is connected to an upper gland nut 138.
- Hydraulic cylinder 133 extends from the packing sub 131 to a threaded connection 139 and includes two cylinder fill plugs 129 in its periphery.
- the inside of hydraulic cylinder 133 is formed into three main areas having diameters 140, 141 and 142 with a transition portion 146 existing between diameters 140 and 141.
- a shoulder 147 is formed on hydraulic cylinder 133 between the areas having diameters 141 and 142.
- a washpipe housing 148 is connected to hydraulic cylinder 133 at threaded connection 139. It extends longitudinally to threaded connection 149.
- An O-ring 150 acts as a seal between hydraulic cylinder 133 and washpipe housing 148.
- a knocker gland 156 is mounted between the knocker 107 and packing sub 131 in upper chamber 130.
- Knocker gland 156 contains four polypak rings 157 which act as seals between the knocker gland 156, knocker housing 126 and piston mandrell lll, respectively.
- O-ring gland 158 is seated against shoulder 159 of packing sub 131.
- O-ring gland 158 includes four O-rings and back up rings 160 which act between the packing sub 131 and piston mandrell lll.
- a female junk ring 166 abuts O-ring gland 158 and V-rings 167 are inserted between female junk ring 166 and male junk ring 168.
- a packing spring 169 is inserted between male junk ring 168 and upper gland nut 138.
- Upper gland nut 138 is threadedly connected to packing sub 131 at threaded connection 137 as described. It includes a wiper ring 170 acting between the upper gland nut 138 and the piston mandrell lll.
- a second female junk ring 176 is positioned together with V-rings 177 and male junk ring 178 on shoulder 134 of packing sub 131 in the area 136 betweeen the packing sub 131 and piston mandrell 111.
- One end of a piston return spring 179 abuts male junk ring 178 and the other end of piston return spring 179 is in contact with a piston assembly 180.
- Piston assembly 180 (see also Figure 2) abuts shoulder 147 of hydraulic cylinder 133 in its rest position and is shown more clearly in Figures 2 and 3 in positions displaced from its rest position. There are close tolerances between piston assembly 180, the diameter of the piston mandrell 111 and hydraulic cylinder 133.
- the piston assembly 180 includes a piston cup 181 and a metering valve 182 which is removable from the piston assembly 180. Metering valve 182 may be replaced with other suitable valves depending on the operating conditions under which the jar is used. Metering valves manufactured by the Lee Company, Arlington, Texas, are particularly appropriate for these applications.
- a filter cage 186 ( Figure 2) is installed within the piston assembly 180 to remove contaminants in the hydraulic oil prior to passing through the metering and/or valve system.
- Piston return spring 179 acts to retain piston assembly 180 against shoulder 147 and also acts to retain the V-rings 177, male junk ,ring 178 and female junk ring 176 ( Figure 1) in the position depicted.
- An 0-ring gland 187 is inserted between washpipe housing 148 and washpipe 113.
- the 0-ring gland 187 contains four O-rings and back up rings 188 which act as seals between the O-ring gland 187, washpipe housing 148 and washpipe 113, respectively.
- a gland nut 189 is connected to washpipe housing 148 by a threaded connection 190.
- a retaining ring 196 retains the gland nut 189 in the position depicted.
- the piston assembly 180 is provided with a metering valve 182 as well as a pressure relief valve 197 which is inserted in the piston assembly 180 in a configuration parallel to that of the metering valve 182.
- piston assembly 180 is shown in which a second alternative embodiment of the invention is described.
- the piston assembly 180 is provided with a metering valve 182 and a pressure relief valve 197 in series on one side of the piston assembly 180 and a pressure relief valve 198 only is provided on the opposite side.
- piston assembly 180 is shown in which a third alternative embodiment of the invention is described.
- the piston assembly 180 is provided with a pressure relief valve 197 and a metering valve 182 only.
- piston assembly 180 is shown in which a fourth alternative embodiment of the invention is described.
- the piston assembly 180 is provided with a pressure relief valve 197 only.
- Hydraulic cylinder 133 contains hydraulic fluid 201 and the oil cannot pass from the area at diameter 141 of hydraulic cylinder 133 to area 142 without passing through metering valve 182. Accordingly, the relatively slow passage of hydraulic fluid 201 through metering valve 182 restricts the speed at which the spline mandrell 101 and outer housing 102 can move relative to each other until the piston assembly 180 reaches the position shown in Figure 2. This builds up fluid pressure within the area 140 which creates a large potential tensile force between the two ends of the jar tool 100.
- Piston assembly 180 under the influence of piston return spring 179, will closely follow in contact with piston actuator 116 until it returns to its rest position against shoulder 147 of hydraulic cylinder 133. Thereafter, the piston actuator will continue to move until it returns to its rest position depicted in Figure 1 before a further jar is initiated.
- a metering valve 182 is placed in parallel position with a pressure relief valve 197.
- the relief valve 197 will allow the hydraulic fluid to release at a certain pressure such that the maximum pull on the jar tool 100 can be limited.
- a pressure relief valve 198 is placed in parallel with a combination of a pressure relief valve 197 and a metering valve 182. In this configuration, the minimum as well as the maximum pull can be controlled. The low pressure valve 197 will not open until a minimum pressure is reached and, thereafter, pressure relief valve 198 will limit the maximum pressure.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
A jar tool for use in a drill string for use in dislodging a drill bit or well-tools trapped in well bores. The tool comprises an outer housing adapted to move longitudinally with respect to an inner spline mandrell. A piston assembly is acted on by a piston actuator and hydraulic fluid restricts the movement of the piston assembly and, therefore, the movement of the mandrell relative to the housing while the piston assembly is within a narrower portion of a hydraulic cylinder. When the piston assembly reaches a larger diameter portion of the cylinder, the hydraulic fluid rushes past the piston assembly which allows a knocker connected to the spline mandrell to collide with the outer housing. A compression spring returns the piston assembly to its rest position abutting a shoulder on the outer housing. Provision is made for a valve to be inserted in the piston assembly so that the system can be temperature compensated and more desirable hydraulic fluids can be used.
Description
- Jar tools are extensively used in the oil drilling industry to dislodge drill bits, drill string sections, or other well tools trapped in well bores. An example of such a jar tool is disclosed in U.S. Patent 3,716,109 (Griffiths) entitled ROTARY JAR and owned by the applicant. U.S. Patent 3,716,109 discloses a jar tool which has been in satisfactory use for a number of years.
- Problems have remained with the patented apparatus, however, which have resulted in improvements being made which are the subject of this application.
- U.S. Patent 3,716,109 discloses a jar tool having a spline mandrell and an outer housing, the mandrell and the housing being able to move longitudinally relative to each other. A knocker is connected to the mandrell and it collides with an anvil which is connected to the housing. The collision or impact between them causes the jar on the drill string and it should be appreciated that the impact is violent and the operating conditions under which the tool is used are extreme. This impact is created by the sudden release of entrapped hydraulic fluid which is allowed to rush by a piston assembly travelling from a relatively narrow diameter of a hydraulic cylinder into a relatively larger diameter where the fluid flow past the piston is largely unimpeded.
- To actuate the piston assembly; a piston actuator is used. This piston actuator includes resilient fingers extending from the actuator and towards the piston. The fingers engage a resilient part on the piston assembly when contact is made and provide a "pulling" action on the piston assembly to return it to its home position following the jar. The technique of using these fingers and the necessary costs entailed in using them and complementary parts on the piston assembly is expensive and complicated.
- Further, it was considered desirable to improve the metering system. The use of the metering system, required fluids that, although having viscosity characteristics more constant under different operating temperatures, did not have desirable lubricating qualities. The metering system could be improved by selecting temperature compensable valves within the metering system and pressure relief valves. The metering and pressure relief valves may be used in various combinations to achieve desirable operating characteristics.
- The use of a metering system which allows for the changes in fluid viscosity and density as the temperatures within the drill hole vary, allows for the use of more desirable fluids from a lubriction view point.
- According to one aspect. the invention provides a jar tool for use in a drill string, said jar tool comprising:
- A jar tool for use in a drill string, said jar tool comprising:
- a mandrell adapted to be connected at one end to an adjacent piece of drill pipe;
- a housing surrounding the major portion of said mandrell and defining therein a passageway for drilling fluid and an annular chamber for hydraulic fluid, said annular chamber having first, second and third sections, said first section being of relatively smaller diameter and located adjacent to said second section and said third section being located adjacent said first section;
- coupling means between said mandrell and said housing, said coupling means acting to transmit torque between said mandrell and said housing and to allow longitudinal relative movement between said housing and said mandrell between closed and open positions;
- respective pairs of abutment faces between said housing and said mandrell to define said closed and open positions of said tool;
- a piston assembly mounted within said annular chamber and around said mandrell, said assembly being adapted to move longitudinally relative to said housing and mandrell between said first section and said second section and acting to seal said third section from said first section, said third section being located adjacent said first section on the end of said piston assembly opposed from said second section, said first section being adapted to closely receive said piston assembly;
- shoulder means in said annular chamber between said first and third sections defining a rest position for said piston assembly, said piston assembly further defining a metering passageway for hydraulic fluid;
- piston actuation means mounted on said mandrell in said third section and acting to actuate and move said piston assembly from said first section to said second section as said tool moves from said closed to open positions;
- spring means within said housing acting on said piston assembly to retain said assembly on said shoulder means whereby, as said tool moves from said closed to said open position, said piston actuation means moves said piston assembly from said first section to said second section as said fluid flows through said metering passageway wherein in said second section, said fluid freely flows past said piston allowing said abutment faces on said mandrell and housing to collide and impart shock to said drill string; and wherein said spring means acts to return said piston assembly to said shoulder position when said tool moves from said open to said closed position.
- An embodiment of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
- Figure 1 is a broken cross-sectional view of the jar tool in its entirety;
- Figure 2 is a cross-sectional enlarged view of the area II-II in Figure 1 and depicts the piston of the jar tool just prior to the jar being initiated;
- Figure 3 is a cross-sectional enlarged view of the area III-III in Figure 1;
- Figure 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view similar to Figure 2 and depicts the piston of the jar tool in a fully open position;
- Figure 5 is a view showing the relief and metering valves in a parallel configuration;
- Figure.6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the piston showing the relief and pressure valves in a combination parallel and series configuration;
- Figure 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the piston showing the relief and pressure valves in a series configuration; and
- Figure 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the piston showing only the pressure relief valve configuration.
- Referring now to the drawings, a jar tool is shown generally at 100 in Figure 1. The
jar tool 100 comprises a spline mandrell shown generally at 101 and an outer housing shown generally at 102. -
Spline mandrell 101 comprises a threaded socket 103 adapted to receive an adjacent piece of drill pipe (not shown) within thehead portion 104 of thespline mandrell 101. -
Hexagonal splines 105 extend longitudinally alongspline mandrell 101 to threadedportion 106. Aknocker 107 is connected to the threadedportion 106. Animpact ring 108 is mounted betweenknocker 107 and ashoulder 109 on thespline mandrell 101. Knocker 107 has an opposed threaded end 110. Apiston mandrell 111 is threadedly connected toknocker 107 at threaded end 110. Knocker 107 also includes O-rings 112, which act as seals betweenknocker 107,spline mandrell 101 andpiston mandrell 111. - A
washpipe 113 is mounted topiston mandrell 111 on threaded connection 114. Thewashpipe 113 extends longitudinally from the end ofpiston mandrell 111 and terminates atend 115. - A piston actuator 116 (see also Figure 2) is connected to
washpipe 113 by a threadedconnection 117. 0-ring 118 provides a seal betweenpiston mandrell 111 and washpipe 113. - The
outer housing 102 comprises a sealing housing l19 extending fromhead portion 104 ofspline mandrell 101 to a threadedconnection 120. Polypak 121 in sealing housing 119 acts as a seal between sealing housing 119 andhead portion 104 ofspline mandrell 101. A bearing bushing 122 is provided in the sealing housing 119 as well as acylinder fill plug 123. Thefill plug 123 is used for adding hydraulic fluid to thejar tool 100. Aspline housing 124 has threads complementary to those at threadedconnection 120 to join with sealing housing 119 andfurther threads 125 located at its opposed end. Aknocker housing 126 is connected tospline housing 124 bythreads 125. It extends longitudinally fromspline housing 124 to threadedconnection 127. 0-rings 128 at opposed ends ofspline housing 124 act between sealing housing 119 andknocker housing 126, respectively. Acylinder fill plug 129 inknocker housing 126 acts as a port for adding hydraulic fluid to theupper chamber 130 in thejar tool 100. - A
packing sub 131 is connected toknocker housing 126 at threadedconnection 127.Packing sub 131 has an opposed threadedconnection 132 where it is attached tohydraulic cylinder 133. O-rings 134 at opposite ends of packingsub 131 act as seals between thepacking sub 131,knocker housing 126 andhydraulic cylinder 133, respectively. -
Packing sub 131 has an internally formedshoulder 134 and an inner diameter which changes from a maximum area at 135 to a minimum area at 136.Packing sub 131 also includes a further threadedconnection 137 where it is connected to anupper gland nut 138. -
Hydraulic cylinder 133 extends from thepacking sub 131 to a threadedconnection 139 and includes twocylinder fill plugs 129 in its periphery. The inside ofhydraulic cylinder 133 is formed into three mainareas having diameters transition portion 146 existing betweendiameters shoulder 147 is formed onhydraulic cylinder 133 between theareas having diameters - A
washpipe housing 148 is connected tohydraulic cylinder 133 at threadedconnection 139. It extends longitudinally to threaded connection 149. An O-ring 150 acts as a seal betweenhydraulic cylinder 133 andwashpipe housing 148. - The various apparatus which are located between the several sections comprising the
outer housing 102 and the several sections comprising thespline mandrell 101, respectively, will now be described. - A
knocker gland 156 is mounted between theknocker 107 and packingsub 131 inupper chamber 130.Knocker gland 156 contains four polypak rings 157 which act as seals between theknocker gland 156,knocker housing 126 and piston mandrell lll, respectively. - o-
ring gland 158 is seated againstshoulder 159 of packingsub 131. O-ring gland 158 includes four O-rings and back uprings 160 which act between the packingsub 131 and piston mandrell lll. Afemale junk ring 166 abuts O-ring gland 158 and V-rings 167 are inserted betweenfemale junk ring 166 andmale junk ring 168. Apacking spring 169 is inserted betweenmale junk ring 168 andupper gland nut 138.Upper gland nut 138 is threadedly connected to packingsub 131 at threadedconnection 137 as described. It includes awiper ring 170 acting between theupper gland nut 138 and the piston mandrell lll. - A second
female junk ring 176 is positioned together with V-rings 177 andmale junk ring 178 onshoulder 134 of packingsub 131 in thearea 136 betweeen the packingsub 131 andpiston mandrell 111. One end of apiston return spring 179 abutsmale junk ring 178 and the other end ofpiston return spring 179 is in contact with apiston assembly 180. - Piston assembly 180 (see also Figure 2) abuts
shoulder 147 ofhydraulic cylinder 133 in its rest position and is shown more clearly in Figures 2 and 3 in positions displaced from its rest position. There are close tolerances betweenpiston assembly 180, the diameter of the piston mandrell 111 andhydraulic cylinder 133. Thepiston assembly 180 includes apiston cup 181 and ametering valve 182 which is removable from thepiston assembly 180.Metering valve 182 may be replaced with other suitable valves depending on the operating conditions under which the jar is used. Metering valves manufactured by the Lee Company, Arlington, Texas, are particularly appropriate for these applications. - A filter cage 186 (Figure 2) is installed within the
piston assembly 180 to remove contaminants in the hydraulic oil prior to passing through the metering and/or valve system.Piston return spring 179 acts to retainpiston assembly 180 againstshoulder 147 and also acts to retain the V-rings 177, male junk ,ring 178 and female junk ring 176 (Figure 1) in the position depicted. - An 0-
ring gland 187 is inserted betweenwashpipe housing 148 andwashpipe 113. The 0-ring gland 187 contains four O-rings and back uprings 188 which act as seals between the O-ring gland 187,washpipe housing 148 andwashpipe 113, respectively. - A
gland nut 189 is connected to washpipehousing 148 by a threaded connection 190. A retainingring 196 retains thegland nut 189 in the position depicted. - Referring now to Figure 5, an enlarged view of the
piston assembly 180 is shown in which alternative embodiments of the invention are described. In a first alternative embodiment, thepiston assembly 180 is provided with ametering valve 182 as well as apressure relief valve 197 which is inserted in thepiston assembly 180 in a configuration parallel to that of themetering valve 182. - Referring to Figure 6, an enlarged view of the
piston assembly 180 is shown in which a second alternative embodiment of the invention is described. In this embodiment, thepiston assembly 180 is provided with ametering valve 182 and apressure relief valve 197 in series on one side of thepiston assembly 180 and apressure relief valve 198 only is provided on the opposite side. - Referring to Figure 7, an enlarged view of the
piston assembly 180 is shown in which a third alternative embodiment of the invention is described. In this embodiment, thepiston assembly 180 is provided with apressure relief valve 197 and ametering valve 182 only. - Referring now to Figure 8, an enlarged view of the
piston assembly 180 is shown in which a fourth alternative embodiment of the invention is described. In this embodiment, thepiston assembly 180 is provided with apressure relief valve 197 only. - In operation, it will be assumed the
jar tool 100 is originally in the position shown in Figure 1. The driller applies a tension force which tends to lift the drill string in the direction indicated by the arrow and, in so doing, force will be applied between the spline mandrell 101 and theouter housing 102. Thehead portion 104 of thespline mandrell 101 will begin to move away from sealing housing 119 at their abutting faces 199 such thatinterface 200 becomes exposed. Asspline mandrell 101 moves relative toouter housing 102,piston actuator 116 will move leftwardly withpiston mandrell 111. When piston actuator 116contacts piston assembly 180,piston assembly 180 will move away fromshoulder 147 under the influence of thepiston actuator 116 as seen in Figure 2 since the counter-acting force againstpiston assembly 180 bypiston return spring 179 is relatively smaller than the force from thepiston actuator 116.Hydraulic cylinder 133, however, containshydraulic fluid 201 and the oil cannot pass from the area atdiameter 141 ofhydraulic cylinder 133 toarea 142 without passing throughmetering valve 182. Accordingly, the relatively slow passage ofhydraulic fluid 201 throughmetering valve 182 restricts the speed at which the spline mandrell 101 andouter housing 102 can move relative to each other until thepiston assembly 180 reaches the position shown in Figure 2. This builds up fluid pressure within thearea 140 which creates a large potential tensile force between the two ends of thejar tool 100. - When the
piston assembly 180, includingpiston cup 181 however, passes intoarea 140 under the continued influence ofpiston actuator 116,hydraulic fluid 201 is free to pass around thepiston assembly 180 and into the areas ofdiameters outer housing 102 suddenly increase their relative movement enormously. Thus,impact ring 108 onknocker 107 collides violently with theimpact surface 202 ofspline housing 124. This collision causes the jar or shock to the drill string. At this point, thepiston assembly 180 and thepiston actuator 116 assume the condition depicted in Figure 3. - The driller will ordinarily jar the tool several times to free the stuck drill bit or well tool and, therefore, he will now ordinarily lower the drill pipe.
Piston assembly 180, under the influence ofpiston return spring 179, will closely follow in contact withpiston actuator 116 until it returns to its rest position againstshoulder 147 ofhydraulic cylinder 133. Thereafter, the piston actuator will continue to move until it returns to its rest position depicted in Figure 1 before a further jar is initiated. - Reference is now made to the embodiment of Figure 5 wherein, as earlier described, a
metering valve 182 is placed in parallel position with apressure relief valve 197. In this configuration, therelief valve 197 will allow the hydraulic fluid to release at a certain pressure such that the maximum pull on thejar tool 100 can be limited. - Reference is made to Figure 6 wherein, as earlier described, a
pressure relief valve 198 is placed in parallel with a combination of apressure relief valve 197 and ametering valve 182. In this configuration, the minimum as well as the maximum pull can be controlled. Thelow pressure valve 197 will not open until a minimum pressure is reached and, thereafter,pressure relief valve 198 will limit the maximum pressure. - Reference is made to Figure 7 wherein, as earlier described, a
pressure relief valve 197 is placed in series withmetering valve 182. In this configuration, the jar will not commence opening until a minimum pressure is reached. The maximum pull on the jar will not, however, be limited. - Reference is finally made to Figure 8 where only a
metering valve 182 is shown in its installed position. In this position, the normal jar operation takes place and the minimum and maximum pull forces are not defined with pressure relief valves as in the embodiments of Figures 5-7. - There are many modifications which can be made to the specific embodiment of the invention just described which changes, however, may still fall within the scope and spirit of the invention.
Claims (18)
1. A jar tool for use in a drill string, said jar tool comprising:
a mandrell adapted to be connected at one end to an adjacent piece of drill pipe;
a housing surrounding the major portion of said mandrell and defining therein a passageway for drilling fluid and an annular chamber for hydraulic fluid, said annular chamber having first, second and third sections, said first section being of relatively smaller diameter and located adjacent to said second section and said third section being located adjacent said first section;
coupling means between said mandrell and said housing, said coupling means acting to transmit torque between said mandrell and said housing and to allow longitudinal relative movement between said housing and said mandrell between closed and open positions;
respective pairs of abutment faces between said housing and said mandrell to define said closed and open positions of said tool;
a piston assembly mounted within said annular chamber and around said mandrell, said assembly being adapted to move longitudinally relative to said housing and mandrell between said first section and said second section and acting to seal said third section from said first section, said third section being located adjacent said first section on the end of said piston assembly opposed from said second section, said first section being adapted to closely receive said piston assembly;
shoulder means in said annular chamber between said first and third sections defining a rest position for said piston assembly, said piston assembly further defining a metering passageway for hydraulic fluid;
piston actuation means mounted on said mandrell in said third section and acting to actuate and move said piston assembly from said first section to said second section as said tool moves from said closed to open positions;
spring means within said housing acting on said piston assembly to retain said assembly on said shoulder means;
whereby, as said tool moves from said closed to said open position, said piston actuation means moves said piston assembly from said first section to said second section as said fluid flows through said metering passageway wherein in said second section, said fluid freely flows past said piston allowing said abutment faces on said mandrell and housing to collide and impart shock to said drill string; and wherein said spring means acts to return said piston assembly to said shoulder position when said tool moves from said open to said closed position.
2. A jar tool as in claim 1 wherein said metering passageway includes a metering valve which allows only a small portion of hydraulic fluid to flow through said piston assembly when there exists contact between said piston assembly and said piston actuator.
3. A jar tool as in claim 2 wherein said metering valve is temperature compensable whereby fluid flowing through said metering valve flows at a relatively constant rate independent of the viscosity of said hydraulic fluid.
4. A jar tool as in claim 2 wherein said metering passageway further includes a pressure relief valve which allows no fluid to pass therethrough until a predetermined pressure in said hydraulic fluid is reached.
5. A jar tool as in claim 2 wherein a further passageway is provided through said piston assembly, said further passageway including a pressure relief valve, said pressure relief valve allowing passage of said hydraulic fluid through said piston assembly where a predetermined pressure on said hydraulic fluid is reached.
6. A jar tool as in claim 4 wherein a further passageway is provided through said piston assembly, said further passageway including a second pressure relief valve whereby said second pressure relief valve does not open until a predetermined pressure is reached.
7. A jar tool as in claim 1 wherein said metering passageway includes a pressure relief valve, said relief valve allowing no fluid to pass through said passageway until a predetermined pressure is reached.
8. A jar tool as in any preceding claim wherein said housing comprises a plurality of sections, each of said sections being connected to and detachable from adjacent sections.
9. A jar tool as in claim 8 wherein said mandrell comprises a plurality of connected sections, each of said sections being connected to and detachable from adjacent sections, said mandrell extending from one end of said housing to the other.
10. A jar tool as in claim 9 wherein said plurality of sections comprising said mandrell includes a spline mandrell having a female threaded connection for connection to an adjacent piece of drill pipe, splines connected to said spline mandrell, a male threaded connection extending from the end of said spline mandrell opposed to the end containing said female threaded connection, a knocker connected to said male threaded connection, a piston mandrell connected to said knocker at one end and a washpipe connected to said knocker at said opposite end.
11. A jar tool as in claim 10 wherein said plurality of sections comprising said housing includes a sealing housing, a spline housing connected to said sealing housing at one end, a knocker housing connected to said spline housing at the opposite end, a packing sub connected to said knocker housing at one end, a hydraulic cylinder connected to said packing sub at the opposite end and a washpipe housing connected to the opposite end of said hydraulic cylinder from said knocker.
12. A jar tool as in claim 11 wherein said washpipe housing includes a male threaded connection for attachment to an adjacent piece of drill pipe.
13. A jar tool as in claim 12 and further comprising an impact ring mounted on said knocker and acting to contact said abutment face on said housing, said abutment face being located on said spline housing.
14. A jar tool for use in a drill string, said jar tool comprising:
a mandrell adapted to be connected at one end to an adjacent piece of drill pipe;
a housing surrounding the major portion of said mandrell and defining therein a passageway for drilling fluid and an annular chamber for hydraulic fluid, said annular chamber having first, second and third sections, said first section being of relatively smaller diameter and located adjacent to said second section and said third section being located adjacent said first section;
coupling means between said mandrell and said housing, said coupling means acting to transmit tongue between said mandrell and said housing and to allow longitudinal relative movement between said housing and said mandrell between closed and open positions;
respective pairs of abutment faces between said housing and said mandrell to define said closed and open positions of said tool;
a piston assembly mounted within said annular chamber and around said mandrell, said assembly being adapted to move longitudinally relative to said housing and mandrell between said first section and said second section and acting to seal said third section from said first section, said third section being located adjacent said first section on the end of said piston assembly opposed from said second section, said first section being adapted to closely receive said piston assembly; shoulder means in said annular chamber between said first and third sections defining a rest position for said piston assembly, said piston assembly further defining a metering passageway for hydraulic fluid;
piston actuation means mounted on said mandrell in said third section and acting to actuate and move said piston assembly from said first section to said second section as said tool moves from said closed to open positions;
spring means within said housing acting on said piston assembly to retain said assembly on said shoulder means;
whereby, as said tool moves from said closed to said open position, said piston actuation means moves said piston assembly from said first section wherein said fluid flows through said metering passageway to said second section wherein said fluid freely flows past said piston allowing said abutment faces on said mandrell and housing to collide and impart shock to said drill string; and wherein said spring means acts to return said piston assembly to said shoulder position when said tool moves from said open to said closed position.
15. A jar tool for use in a drill string, said jar tool comprising:
a mandrell adapted to be connected at one end to an adjacent piece of drill pipe;
a housing surrounding the major portion of said mandrell and defining therein a passageway for drilling fluid and an annular chamber for hydraulic fluid, said annular chamber having first, second and third sections, said first section being of relatively smaller diameter and located adjacent to said second section and said third section being located adjacent said first section;
coupling means between said mandrell and said housing, said coupling means acting to transmit torque between said mandrell and said housing and to allow longitudinal relative movement between said housing and said mandrell between closed and open positions;
respective pairs of abutment faces between said housing and said mandrell to define said closed and open positions of said tool;
a piston assembly mounted within said annular chamber and around said mandrell, said assembly being adapted to move longitudinally relative to said housing and mandrell between said first section and said second section and acting to seal said third section from said first section, said third section being located adjacent said first section on the end of said piston assembly opposed from said second section, said first section being adapted to closely receive said piston assembly;
shoulder means in said annular chamber between said first and third sections defining a rest position for said piston assembly, said piston assembly further defining a metering passageway for hydraulic fluid;
a metering valve and a pressure relief valve in said metering passageway whereby said hydraulic fluid will flow through said metering passageway until a predetermined pressure is reached;
piston actuation means mounted on said mandrell in said third section and acting to actuate and move said piston assembly from said first section to said second section as said tool moves from said closed to open positions;
whereby, as said tool moves from said closed to said open position, said piston actuation means moves said piston. assembly from said first section to said second section as said fluid flows through said metering passageway wherein in said second section, said fluid freely flows past said piston assembly allowing said abutment faces on said mandrell and housing to collide and impart shock to said drill string.
16. A jar tool as in claim 15 wherein a further passageway is provided through said piston assembly, said further passsageway including a pressure relief valve, said pressure relief valve allowing passage of said hydraulic fluid through said piston assembly where a predetermined pressure on said hydraulic fluid is reached.
17. A jar tool as in claim 15 wherein a further passageway is provided through said piston assembly, said further passageway including a second pressure relief valve whereby said second pressure relief valve does not open until a predetermined pressure is reached.
18. A jar tool as in claim 15 and further including spring means within said housing acting on said piston assembly to retain said assembly on said shoulder means.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA393583 | 1982-01-06 | ||
CA000393583A CA1177058A (en) | 1982-01-06 | 1982-01-06 | Jar tool |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0083961A2 true EP0083961A2 (en) | 1983-07-20 |
EP0083961A3 EP0083961A3 (en) | 1984-07-25 |
Family
ID=4121751
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP83300016A Ceased EP0083961A3 (en) | 1982-01-06 | 1983-01-05 | Improved jar tool for drill strings |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0083961A3 (en) |
CA (1) | CA1177058A (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2340154A (en) * | 1998-07-09 | 2000-02-16 | Mark Buyers | Self resetting impact device |
GB2362904A (en) * | 2000-05-12 | 2001-12-05 | Bd Kendle Engineering Ltd | Improved jar mechanism |
US7299872B2 (en) | 2001-11-27 | 2007-11-27 | Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. | Hydraulic-mechanical jar tool |
CN109441387A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-03-08 | 宁夏万殷机械制造科技有限公司 | A kind of well head flash hits device |
CN113338832A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-09-03 | 四川伟创石油装备制造有限公司 | Hydraulic bidirectional jar |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5228507A (en) * | 1991-08-23 | 1993-07-20 | Marcel Obrejanu | Wireline hydraulic retrieving tool |
Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2981336A (en) * | 1956-10-10 | 1961-04-25 | Johnston Testers Inc | Jar |
US3209843A (en) * | 1962-09-11 | 1965-10-05 | Houston Engineers Inc | Hydraulic jarring tool with relief valve |
US3399741A (en) * | 1967-02-24 | 1968-09-03 | Schlumberger Technology Corp | Well jar |
US3405773A (en) * | 1966-08-05 | 1968-10-15 | Wayne N. Sutliff | Sleeve valve and oil well tool embodying the same |
US3716109A (en) * | 1971-02-22 | 1973-02-13 | Jarco Services Ltd | Rotary jar |
CA931136A (en) * | 1971-07-08 | 1973-07-31 | Mason Leonard | Jarring and bumping tool for use in oilfield drilling strings |
US4076086A (en) * | 1977-01-06 | 1978-02-28 | Baker International Corporation | Fishing jar for accommodation of excess tensile load |
GB2043133A (en) * | 1979-02-20 | 1980-10-01 | Opi Ltd | Hydraulic drill string jar |
US4261427A (en) * | 1979-10-15 | 1981-04-14 | Sutliff Wayne N | Long stroke jar bumper sub with safety sleeve |
-
1982
- 1982-01-06 CA CA000393583A patent/CA1177058A/en not_active Expired
-
1983
- 1983-01-05 EP EP83300016A patent/EP0083961A3/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2981336A (en) * | 1956-10-10 | 1961-04-25 | Johnston Testers Inc | Jar |
US3209843A (en) * | 1962-09-11 | 1965-10-05 | Houston Engineers Inc | Hydraulic jarring tool with relief valve |
US3405773A (en) * | 1966-08-05 | 1968-10-15 | Wayne N. Sutliff | Sleeve valve and oil well tool embodying the same |
US3399741A (en) * | 1967-02-24 | 1968-09-03 | Schlumberger Technology Corp | Well jar |
US3716109A (en) * | 1971-02-22 | 1973-02-13 | Jarco Services Ltd | Rotary jar |
CA931136A (en) * | 1971-07-08 | 1973-07-31 | Mason Leonard | Jarring and bumping tool for use in oilfield drilling strings |
US4076086A (en) * | 1977-01-06 | 1978-02-28 | Baker International Corporation | Fishing jar for accommodation of excess tensile load |
GB2043133A (en) * | 1979-02-20 | 1980-10-01 | Opi Ltd | Hydraulic drill string jar |
US4261427A (en) * | 1979-10-15 | 1981-04-14 | Sutliff Wayne N | Long stroke jar bumper sub with safety sleeve |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2340154A (en) * | 1998-07-09 | 2000-02-16 | Mark Buyers | Self resetting impact device |
GB2340154B (en) * | 1998-07-09 | 2003-03-19 | Mark Buyers | Self-resetting impact device |
GB2362904A (en) * | 2000-05-12 | 2001-12-05 | Bd Kendle Engineering Ltd | Improved jar mechanism |
GB2362904B (en) * | 2000-05-12 | 2004-08-11 | Bd Kendle Engineering Ltd | Improved jar mechanism |
US7299872B2 (en) | 2001-11-27 | 2007-11-27 | Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. | Hydraulic-mechanical jar tool |
CN109441387A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-03-08 | 宁夏万殷机械制造科技有限公司 | A kind of well head flash hits device |
CN113338832A (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2021-09-03 | 四川伟创石油装备制造有限公司 | Hydraulic bidirectional jar |
CN113338832B (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2023-10-20 | 四川伟创石油装备制造有限公司 | Hydraulic bidirectional jar |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0083961A3 (en) | 1984-07-25 |
CA1177058A (en) | 1984-10-30 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0456305B1 (en) | Hydraulic drilling jar | |
US4364407A (en) | Mud saver valve | |
US8230912B1 (en) | Hydraulic bidirectional jar | |
US4333542A (en) | Downhole fishing jar mechanism | |
US4834183A (en) | Surface controlled subsurface safety valve | |
US4865125A (en) | Hydraulic jar mechanism | |
US9103186B2 (en) | Sealed jar | |
US6202767B1 (en) | Double acting hydraulic jar | |
US4478284A (en) | Jar tool | |
CA1114360A (en) | Temperature compensating hydraulic jarring tool | |
US7093654B2 (en) | Downhole component with a pressure equalization passageway | |
EP1238182B1 (en) | Flow actuated shut-off valve | |
US3566981A (en) | Hydraulic drilling jar | |
EP0083961A2 (en) | Improved jar tool for drill strings | |
AU716162B2 (en) | Metal-to-metal sliding side door for wells | |
US11702898B2 (en) | Adjustable hydraulic jarring device | |
CA2302977C (en) | Hydraulic drilling jar | |
CA3191890A1 (en) | Bit saver assembly and method | |
US5228516A (en) | Tester valve | |
GB2101178A (en) | Control valve | |
US4586569A (en) | Retrievable fluid control valve | |
WO2003010412A2 (en) | Sand control seal for subsurface safety valve | |
AU2002320274A1 (en) | Sand control seal for subsurface safety valve | |
US4105082A (en) | Jarring tool | |
US11613966B2 (en) | Mechanical drain for oilfield service |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Designated state(s): AT BE DE FR GB NL SE |
|
PUAL | Search report despatched |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Designated state(s): AT BE DE FR GB NL SE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19841219 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN REFUSED |
|
18R | Application refused |
Effective date: 19870125 |
|
RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: RING, CURTIS PHILLIP Inventor name: TOMM, WAYNE R. |