EP0082810A1 - Method of cooling a cast strand during continuous casting - Google Patents
Method of cooling a cast strand during continuous casting Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0082810A1 EP0082810A1 EP82810486A EP82810486A EP0082810A1 EP 0082810 A1 EP0082810 A1 EP 0082810A1 EP 82810486 A EP82810486 A EP 82810486A EP 82810486 A EP82810486 A EP 82810486A EP 0082810 A1 EP0082810 A1 EP 0082810A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coolant
- substance
- cooling
- strand
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 30
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- CAMXVZOXBADHNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium nitrite Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-]N=O CAMXVZOXBADHNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bicarbonate Substances [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000004067 Flatfoot Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical class OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
- B22D11/124—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for cooling
- B22D11/1245—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for cooling using specific cooling agents
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for cooling a casting strand emerging from a continuous casting mold during continuous casting by applying coolant directly to the strand surface, in which a gas is released from the coolant at least during the start-up process.
- heat is removed from the casting strand emerging from the mold by applying coolant to the surface of the strand directly below the mold.
- the coolant initially only touches the start-up floor.
- the indirect heat removal that occurs leads to a mild solidification of the liquid metal and to an even formation of the strand base.
- the coolant strikes the surface of the strand, which is associated with a sudden increase in heat dissipation from the casting strand.
- the thermal stresses that occur as a result of this temperature shock are greater than the tensile strength of the cast strand and lead to permanent deformation in the form of a convex curvature of the strand base and, if the tensile strength is exceeded, to cracks in the strand.
- the strand In order to obtain a casting strand with a flat foot, the strand must not be cooled too much during the start-up process.
- the coolant contains a gas introduced under pressure at least during the starting process.
- the gas dissolved in this way forms an insulating film which reduces the outflow of heat, which results in a reduction in the cooling intensity.
- the inventor has set himself the goal of improving a method of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that the disadvantages mentioned above are eliminated.
- this object is achieved in that a substance is added to the coolant, which releases the gas as a decomposition product when it hits the hot strand surface.
- the principle of reducing the cooling intensity by means of an insulating film made of gases can be implemented in a simple manner.
- the substance can be in a highly concentrated form - for example as in Coolant saturated solution - can be fed into a coolant supply line from a reservoir via a metering pump. Since the gas is only formed by the decomposition of the substance when it hits the hot strand surface, no special pressure and mixing devices are required.
- hydrogen carbonates in particular sodium or ammonium bicarbonate
- Organic compounds in solution with at least one carboxyl group - for example acids or esters - can also be used.
- the method can be further developed by adding acid to the substance.
- Ammonium nitrite is particularly suitable as a substance for water as a coolant. This can also be introduced into the coolant as an equimolar mixture of sodium nitrite and ammonium nitrate.
- the method according to the invention can be implemented both with conventional and with electromagnetic continuous casting molds and is particularly suitable for casting light metals, in particular aluminum and aluminum alloys.
- concentration of the substance depends on the desired reduction in the cooling intensity and is usually in the order of 10- 1 to 10- 3 mol / liter.
- the supply of the substance to the coolant can be interrupted.
- the concentration of the substance in the coolant is continuously reduced during the start-up process. In certain cases, however, it may prove expedient to maintain the method according to the invention during the entire casting process.
- An alloy 3004 was cast on a vertical continuous caster with an electromagnetic mold into bars of the format 500 mm x 1600 mm under normal conditions.
- the cooling water supply was kept constant at 600 liters / minute during the entire casting process.
- the substances listed in the table were mixed with the cooling water up to a strand length of 100 mm.
- a saturated aqueous solution of the respective substance was fed from a storage tank directly into the main cooling water line via a metering pump.
- the concentrations of the substances set in the cooling water are also included in the table.
- the feed of the substances was interrupted after the start-up during the further pouring process. If the concentrations of the substances in the cooling water listed in the table are adhered to during the start-up process, a practically arch-free and crack-free continuous casting was formed as a result of the reduced cooling effect.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
- Thermotherapy And Cooling Therapy Devices (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
- Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Kühlen eines aus einer Stranggiesskokille während des Stranggiessens austretenden Giessstranges durch Aufbringen von Kühlmittel unmittelbar auf die Strangoberfläche, bei dem aus dem Kühlmittel zumindest während des Anfahrvorganges ein Gas freigesetzt wird.The invention relates to a method for cooling a casting strand emerging from a continuous casting mold during continuous casting by applying coolant directly to the strand surface, in which a gas is released from the coolant at least during the start-up process.
Beim Stranggiessen mit direkter Kühlung wird dem aus der Kokille austretenden Giessstrang durch Beaufschlagen der Strangoberfläche mit Kühlmittel unmittelbar unterhalb der Kokille Wärme entzogen. Während des Anfahrvorganges berührt das Kühlmittel zunächst nur den Anfahrboden. Der hierbei eintretende indirekte Wärmeentzug führt zu einer milden Erstarrung des flüssigen Metalls und zu einer ebenen Ausbildung des Stranqfusses. Mit fortschreitendem Absenken des Anfahrbodens trifft das Kühlmittel direkt auf die Oberfläche des Stranges auf, was mit einer sprunghaften Erhöhung der Wärmeabfuhr aus dem Giessstrang verbunden ist. Die als Folge dieses Temperaturschocks auftretenden Wärmespannungen sind grösser als die Dehnungsfestigkeit des Giessstranges und führen zu einer bleibenden Verformung in Form einer konvexen Wölbung des Strangfusses und bei Ueberschreiten der Zerreissfestigkeit überdies zu Rissen im Strang. Um einen Giessstrang mit ebenem Fuss zu erhalten, darf der Strang demzufolge während des Anfahrvorganges nicht zu stark gekühlt werden.In continuous casting with direct cooling, heat is removed from the casting strand emerging from the mold by applying coolant to the surface of the strand directly below the mold. During the start-up process, the coolant initially only touches the start-up floor. The indirect heat removal that occurs leads to a mild solidification of the liquid metal and to an even formation of the strand base. With the progressive lowering of the start-up floor, the coolant strikes the surface of the strand, which is associated with a sudden increase in heat dissipation from the casting strand. The thermal stresses that occur as a result of this temperature shock are greater than the tensile strength of the cast strand and lead to permanent deformation in the form of a convex curvature of the strand base and, if the tensile strength is exceeded, to cracks in the strand. In order to obtain a casting strand with a flat foot, the strand must not be cooled too much during the start-up process.
Es ist ein Verfahren bekannt, bei dem das Kühlmittel zumindest während des Anfahrvorganges ein unter Druck eingebrachtes Gas enthält. Das auf diese Weise gelöste Gas bildet beim Auftreffen des Kühlmittels auf der Strangoberfläche einen den Wärmeabfluss vermindernden Isolierfilm, welcher eine Herabsetzung der Kühlintensität zur Folge hat.A method is known in which the coolant contains a gas introduced under pressure at least during the starting process. When the coolant strikes the surface of the strand, the gas dissolved in this way forms an insulating film which reduces the outflow of heat, which results in a reduction in the cooling intensity.
Die diesem Verfahren anhaftenden Nachteile sind einerseits die zur Lösung des Gases im Kühlmittel erforderlichen, aufwendigen Misch- und Kontrolleinrichtungen; andererseits ist dieses Verfahren wegen der allgemein geringen Löslichkeit von Gasen im hauptsächlich als Kühlmittel eingesetzten Wasser praktisch auf die Verwendung von Kohlendioxid beschränkt.The disadvantages inherent in this process are, on the one hand, the complex mixing and control devices required to dissolve the gas in the coolant; on the other hand, because of the generally low solubility of gases in the water mainly used as a coolant, this process is practically limited to the use of carbon dioxide.
Angesichts dieser Gegebenheiten hat sich der Erfinder das Ziel gesetzt, ein Verfahren der eingangs erwähnten Art derart zu verbessern, dass die vorstehend genannten Nachteile entfallen.In view of these circumstances, the inventor has set himself the goal of improving a method of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that the disadvantages mentioned above are eliminated.
Erfindungsgemäss wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass dem Kühlmittel eine Substanz, die beim Auftreffen auf die heisse Strangoberfläche das Gas als Zersetzungsprodukt abgibt, beigemischt wird.According to the invention, this object is achieved in that a substance is added to the coolant, which releases the gas as a decomposition product when it hits the hot strand surface.
Mit dem erfindungsgemässen Verfahren lässt sich das Prinzip der Verminderung der Kühlintensität durch einen Isolierfilm aus Gasen auf einfache Weise realisieren. Die Substanz kann in hochkonzentrierter Form -- beispielsweise als in Kühlmittel gesättigte Lösung -- von einem Vorratsbehälter über eine Dosierpumpe in eine Kühlmittelzufuhrleitung eingespiesen werden. Da das Gas erst beim Auftreffen auf die heisse Strangoberfläche durch Zersetzung der Substanz gebildet wird, sind keine besonderen Druck- und Mischeinrichtungen erforderlich.With the method according to the invention, the principle of reducing the cooling intensity by means of an insulating film made of gases can be implemented in a simple manner. The substance can be in a highly concentrated form - for example as in Coolant saturated solution - can be fed into a coolant supply line from a reservoir via a metering pump. Since the gas is only formed by the decomposition of the substance when it hits the hot strand surface, no special pressure and mixing devices are required.
Zur Durchführung des Verfahrens sind im wesentlichen alle Substanzen geeignet, die eine gute Löslichkeit im Kühlmittel zeigen und bei der Zersetzung keine aggressiven bzw. gesundheitsschädlichen Gase abgeben. Hierbei kommen im wesentlichen solche Substanzen in Frage, die bei ihrer Zersetzung Kohlendioxid oder Stickstoff abgeben.To carry out the process, essentially all substances are suitable which show good solubility in the coolant and which do not give off aggressive or harmful gases during decomposition. Substances which release carbon dioxide or nitrogen when they decompose are essentially suitable.
Wird Wasser als Kühlmittel verwendet, so können als Substanzen Hydrogencarbonate, insbesondere Natrium- oder Ammoniumhydrogencarbonat, in gelöster Form eingesetzt werden. Ebenfalls können organische Verbindungen in gelöster Form mit mindestens einer Carboxylgruppe -- beispielsweise Säuren oder Ester -- verwendet werden.If water is used as the coolant, hydrogen carbonates, in particular sodium or ammonium bicarbonate, can be used as substances in dissolved form. Organic compounds in solution with at least one carboxyl group - for example acids or esters - can also be used.
Da in Wasser gelöste Carbonate mit Kohlendioxid im Gleichgewicht stehen und Kohlendioxid bei Senkung des pH-Wertes leichter freigesetzt wird, kann in Weiterbildung des Verfahrens Säure zur Substanz hinzugegeben werden.Since carbonates dissolved in water are in equilibrium with carbon dioxide and carbon dioxide is more easily released when the pH value is reduced, the method can be further developed by adding acid to the substance.
Bei der Verwendung von Wasser als Kühlmittel sind Substanzen, welche Stickstoff als Zersetzungsprodukt abgeben, deshalb besonders geeignet, weil sie mit Stickstoff nicht in einem wässrigen Gleichgewicht stehen und demzufolge ein vom pH-Wert unabhängiges Verhalten zeigen.When using water as a coolant, substances which give off nitrogen as a decomposition product are particularly suitable because they are not in an aqueous equilibrium with nitrogen and consequently show a behavior which is independent of the pH.
Als Substanz zu Wasser als Kühlmittel ist insbesondere Ammoniumnitrit geeignet. Dieses kann auch als äquimolare Mischung von Natriumnitrit und Ammoniumnitrat in das Kühlmittel eingebracht werden..Ammonium nitrite is particularly suitable as a substance for water as a coolant. This can also be introduced into the coolant as an equimolar mixture of sodium nitrite and ammonium nitrate.
Das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren lässt sich sowohl mit konventionellen als auch mit elektromagnetischen Stranggiesskokillen realisieren und ist besonders geeignet zum Giessen von Leichtmetallen, insbesondere von Aluminium und Aluminiumlegierungen. Die Konzentration der Substanz richtet sich nach der jeweils gewünschten Verminderung der Kühlintensität und liegt üblicherweise in der Grössenordnung von 10-1 bis 10-3 Mol/Liter.The method according to the invention can be implemented both with conventional and with electromagnetic continuous casting molds and is particularly suitable for casting light metals, in particular aluminum and aluminum alloys. The concentration of the substance depends on the desired reduction in the cooling intensity and is usually in the order of 10- 1 to 10- 3 mol / liter.
Nach beendetem Anfahrvorgang kann die Zufuhr der Substanz zum Kühlmittel unterbrochen werden. Bei einer anderen Durchführungsart des Verfahrens wird die Konzentration der Substanz im Kühlmittel während des Anfahrvorganges kontinuierlich vermindert. In gewissen Fällen kann es sich jedoch als zweckmässig erweisen, das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren während des gesamten Giessvorganges beizubehalten.After the start-up process, the supply of the substance to the coolant can be interrupted. In another way of carrying out the method, the concentration of the substance in the coolant is continuously reduced during the start-up process. In certain cases, however, it may prove expedient to maintain the method according to the invention during the entire casting process.
Veitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Einzelheiten ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungspeispiele.Further advantages, features and details emerge from the following description of preferred exemplary embodiments.
Auf einer Vertikalstranggiessanlage mit elektromagnetischer Kokille wurde eine Legierung 3004 unter praxisüblichen Be-3ingungen zu Barren vom Format 500 mm x 1600 mm vergossen. Die Kühlwasserzufuhr wurde während des gesamten Giessvorganges auf 600 Liter/Minute konstant gehalten. Bis zu einer erzeugten Stranglänge von 100 mm wurden die in der Tabelle angeführten Substanzen dem Kühlwasser beigemischt. Hierzu wurde aus einem Vorratstank eine gesättigte wässrige Lösung der jeweiligen Substanz über eine Dosierpumpe direkt in die Hauptkühlwasserleitung eingespiesen. Die im Kühlwasser eingestellten Konzentrationen der Substanzen sind ebenfalls in der Tabelle enthalten. Die Zufuhr der Substanzen wurde nach dem Anfahren während des weiteren Giessvorganges unterbrochen.
Claims (9)
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass dem Kühlmittel eine Substanz, die beim Auftreffen auf die heisse Strangoberfläche das Gas als Zersetzungsprodukt abgibt, beigemischt wird.I. Method for cooling a casting strand emerging from a continuous casting mold during the continuous casting by applying coolant directly to the surface of the strand, in which a gas is released from the coolant at least during the start-up process,
characterized,
that a substance is added to the coolant, which releases the gas as a decomposition product when it hits the hot strand surface.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT82810486T ATE17666T1 (en) | 1981-11-20 | 1982-11-12 | METHOD OF COOLING A CASTING STRAND DURING CONTINUOUS CASTING. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH744881 | 1981-11-20 | ||
| CH7448/81 | 1981-11-20 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0082810A1 true EP0082810A1 (en) | 1983-06-29 |
| EP0082810B1 EP0082810B1 (en) | 1986-01-29 |
Family
ID=4325286
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP82810486A Expired EP0082810B1 (en) | 1981-11-20 | 1982-11-12 | Method of cooling a cast strand during continuous casting |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4508160A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0082810B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS5893547A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE17666T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU555975B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1201870A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3268893D1 (en) |
| IS (1) | IS1378B6 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO157771C (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA828273B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0107831A1 (en) * | 1982-10-22 | 1984-05-09 | Sms Schloemann-Siemag Aktiengesellschaft | Device for spraying propellant and cooling mixture on a cast steel strand |
| EP0337769A2 (en) * | 1988-04-15 | 1989-10-18 | Norsk Hydro A/S | Continuous or semi-continuous casting apparatus for casting metallic materials |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4610295A (en) * | 1983-11-10 | 1986-09-09 | Aluminum Company Of America | Direct chill casting of aluminum-lithium alloys |
| AU589704B2 (en) * | 1985-11-25 | 1989-10-19 | Swiss Aluminium Ltd. | Device and process for the continuous casting of metals |
| US6264767B1 (en) | 1995-06-07 | 2001-07-24 | Ipsco Enterprises Inc. | Method of producing martensite-or bainite-rich steel using steckel mill and controlled cooling |
| AU4596899A (en) | 1998-07-10 | 2000-02-01 | Ipsco Inc. | Method and apparatus for producing martensite- or bainite-rich steel using steckel mill and controlled cooling |
| FI20001945A (en) * | 2000-09-05 | 2002-03-06 | Outokumpu Oy | Method and apparatus for cooling in upward continuous continuous casting of metals |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2016330A (en) * | 1978-03-13 | 1979-09-26 | Aluminum Co Of America | Continuous casting method |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3397734A (en) * | 1966-05-31 | 1968-08-20 | Standard Oil Co | Polybutene continuous metal casting lubrication process |
| US3543831A (en) * | 1967-01-09 | 1970-12-01 | United Aircraft Corp | Electrostatic coatings |
-
1982
- 1982-10-25 US US06/436,593 patent/US4508160A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1982-10-27 IS IS2761A patent/IS1378B6/en unknown
- 1982-11-11 AU AU90382/82A patent/AU555975B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1982-11-11 ZA ZA828273A patent/ZA828273B/en unknown
- 1982-11-12 EP EP82810486A patent/EP0082810B1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-11-12 AT AT82810486T patent/ATE17666T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-11-12 DE DE8282810486T patent/DE3268893D1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-11-18 NO NO823859A patent/NO157771C/en unknown
- 1982-11-19 JP JP57203516A patent/JPS5893547A/en active Granted
- 1982-11-19 CA CA000415969A patent/CA1201870A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2016330A (en) * | 1978-03-13 | 1979-09-26 | Aluminum Co Of America | Continuous casting method |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| Chemical Abstracts Band 87, Nr. 8, 4. Juli bis 18. Juli 1977, Columbus, Ohio, USA TEREGERYA et al. "Lubricant-coolant fluid for the mechanical working of metals", Seite 156, Spalte 1, Abstract Nr. 8503 h & SU-A-539 064 * |
| Chemical Abstracts Band 92, Nr. 8, 26. Mai bis 9. Juni 1980, Columbus, Ohio, USA MOLOKHOV et al. "Lubricant-coolant for metalworki ng", Seite 135, Spalte 1, Abstract Nr. 183506 m & SU-A-713905 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0107831A1 (en) * | 1982-10-22 | 1984-05-09 | Sms Schloemann-Siemag Aktiengesellschaft | Device for spraying propellant and cooling mixture on a cast steel strand |
| EP0337769A2 (en) * | 1988-04-15 | 1989-10-18 | Norsk Hydro A/S | Continuous or semi-continuous casting apparatus for casting metallic materials |
| EP0337769A3 (en) * | 1988-04-15 | 1990-12-27 | Norsk Hydro A.S. | Continuous or semi-continuous casting apparatus for casting metallic materials |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO823859L (en) | 1983-05-24 |
| CA1201870A (en) | 1986-03-18 |
| IS2761A7 (en) | 1983-05-21 |
| AU9038282A (en) | 1983-05-26 |
| JPS5893547A (en) | 1983-06-03 |
| ATE17666T1 (en) | 1986-02-15 |
| JPH0215301B2 (en) | 1990-04-11 |
| AU555975B2 (en) | 1986-10-16 |
| ZA828273B (en) | 1983-09-28 |
| NO157771B (en) | 1988-02-08 |
| NO157771C (en) | 1988-05-18 |
| IS1378B6 (en) | 1989-08-28 |
| DE3268893D1 (en) | 1986-03-13 |
| EP0082810B1 (en) | 1986-01-29 |
| US4508160A (en) | 1985-04-02 |
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