Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
  • C11D3/0026—Low foaming or foam regulating compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
  • C11D17/0008—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties aqueous liquid non soap compositions
  • C11D17/0026—Structured liquid compositions, e.g. liquid crystalline phases or network containing non-Newtonian phase
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/37—Polymers
  • C11D3/3703—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C11D3/373—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicones

Definitions

• This invention relates to liquid detergent compositions.
• Liquid detergent compositions for fabric washing are popular in the United States and are gaining in popularity in Europe. Some such liquids are formulated to be substantially unbuilt, but the performance of these is markedly inferior to conventional fabric washing powders, especially since it is very difficult to incorporate oxygen bleaches into liquids. While this inferiority is well recognised it is also very difficult to incorporate sufficient quantities of detergency builder compound into a liquid without rendering the liquid unstable and liable to precipitate.
• This invention relates to the first type of structured liquid, the micellar type.
• micellar structured liquids to the field of fabric washing in automatic washing machines.
• the structured liquids produced or patented by our competitors have generally been part of hard surface cleaning compositions such as scouring cleansers.
• Such compositions are very different from fabric washing compositions in that the detergency required of them is much lower and the consideration of the amount of foam developed is not especially important.
• the amount of foam developed is critical, since if the compositions develop large amounts of foam, then they will not be suitable for use in automatic (drum-type) washing machines.
• This invention relates to a structured liquid detergent composition of the micellar type which is low-foaming and which is suitable for use in automatic washing machines.
• the present invention provides a low-foaming detergent composition
• a micellar structured liquid and a liquid polysiloxane anti-foam compound, characterised in that the anti-foam compound is unprotected and is maintained in homogeneous suspension by the structure of the liquid.
• the composition has a pH of 9.5 or less.
• liquid polysiloxane anti-foam compound a mixture of a liquid polysiloxane and particles of a hydrophobic substance.
• hydrophobic substances are hydrophobic silica and calcium alkyl phosphates.
• Liquid polysiloxane anti-foam compounds are available commercially. For example, the Dow Chemical Company markets a mixture of a liquid polysiloxane and a hydrophobic silica under the trademark DB100.
• micellar structured liquid detergent compositions without the necessity for protecting them.
• an anti-foam of this type is to effective in detergent solution it will be necessary to protect it, for instance by encapsulating it, by absorbing it on some absorbent from which it can be readily desorbed, or by forming it into a composite particle such as a pan-granulated granule.
• a composite particle such as a pan-granulated granule.
• the pH of the structured micellar liquid is an important sub-feature of the invention since it is believed that at pHs higher than 9.5 the liquid polysiloxane anti-foam compound tends to be deactivated and so we prefer the pH to be no higher than 9.5.
• the invention provides a stable homogeneous aqueous structured micellar liquid detergent composition having a pH of 9.5 or less and containing 18 to 35% by weight of sodium tripolyphosphate and 6 to 15% by weight of an active detergent mixture comprising
• Water-soluble anionic sulphonate detergents suitable for use in the compositions of the invention are for example the alkali metal salts of C 10 -C 16 alkylbenzene sulphonates, C 10 -C 20 alkane sulphonates, and C 10 -C 20 olefin sulphonates, the alkali metal salts of alkylbenzene sulphonates being preferred, especially those derived from alkylbenzenes having a C 10 -C 14 alkyl chain and average molecular weight of approximately 225-245.
• Water-soluble anionic sulphate detergents are for example primary and secondary alkyl sulphates and alkylether sulphates having an alkyl chain length of about 8 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms eg lauryl sulphate.
• fatty acids having 12 to 18 carbon atoms are oleic acid, ricinoleic acid, and fatty acids derived from castor oil, rapeseed oil, groundnut oil, coconut oil, palmkernel oil or mixtures thereof.
• the sodium or potassium soaps of these acids can be used, the potassium soaps being preferred.
• Suitable nonionic detergents for use in the present invention are fatty acid alkylolamides; alkylene oxide condensates of alkyl phenols or aliphatic alcohols, alkylamines, fatty acid alkylolamides and alkyl mercaptans; and amine oxides. Ethylene oxide condensates and mixtures of ethylene oxide condensates with fatty acid alkylolamides are preferred.
• Particularly suitable ethylene oxide condensates such as C 13 -C 15 alcohols condensed with 6-8 moles of ethylene oxide per-mole of alcohol have hydrophilic- lipophilic balance (HLB) values of between 11 and 15.
• HLB hydrophilic- lipophilic balance
• compositions of the invention have a viscosity of from 0.2 to 0.8 Pa s measured at 20°C and at a shear rate of 21 seconds ; a sodium tripolyphosphate content of 20 to 32% by weight and an active detergent mixture content of 7 to 14% by weight.
• the ingredients are preferably mixed in the following manner.
• the quantity of water is charged into a suitable mixing vessel provided with a stirrer.
• Anionic detergents including soap, are then mixed into the water with moderate stirring. Desirably slight heating'to about 70°C is applied to dissolve the anionic detergents completely in the water.
• the sodium triphosphate is then mixed into the aqueous anionic detergent solution with continued stirring whilst maintaining the temperature at the appropriate level of about 70-75°C until a homogeneous mass is obtained.
• the nonionic detergent is then-mixed into the mass and stirring is continued.
• the liquid detergent composition of the invention may further contain any of the adjuncts normally used in fabric washing detergent compositions eg sequestering agents such as ethylene-diaminetetraacetate; alkali silicates for adjusting the pH; soil suspending and anti-redeposition agents such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone etc; fluorescent agents; perfumes, germicides and colourants.
• adjuncts normally used in fabric washing detergent compositions eg sequestering agents such as ethylene-diaminetetraacetate; alkali silicates for adjusting the pH; soil suspending and anti-redeposition agents such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone etc; fluorescent agents; perfumes, germicides and colourants.
• lather depressors other than liquid polysiloxane anti-foam compounds; enzymes, particularly proteolytic and amylolytic enzymes; reducing peroxygen or chlorine bleaches, such as sodium sulphite, sodium perborate and potassium dichlorocyanurate, including bleach activators, such as N,N,N',N'-tetraacetylethylene- diamine, may be necessary or desirable to formulate a complete heavy duty detergent composition suitable for use in washing machine operations.
• bleach activators such as N,N,N',N'-tetraacetylethylene- diamine
• aqueous liquid detergent composition 4 Kg batches A, B and C of aqueous liquid detergent composition were prepared: 705 grams of water were charged into a 5 litre vessel provided with a stirrer. The appropriate amounts of sodium silicate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, sodium alkylbenezene sulphonate, potassium oleate and fluorescent agent, were successively introduced and mixed into the water with moderate stirring under slight heating until the temperature reached about 60-70°C. Heating was stopped and 1080 grams of sodium tripolyphosphate was mixed into the aqueous solution with continued stirring until a homogeneous mass was obtained. Thereafter the appropriate amounts of alcoholethoxylate and ethanolamide nonionic surfactants were mixed into the mass. The mixture was then allowed to cool under constant agitation and thereafter additional water, perfume and the liquid polysiloxane anti-foam compound were added.
• the liquids were then stored for 8 days at 37°C following which their foaming properties were assessed in a Brandt 432 (registered trademark) Washing Machine using the 60° and 95°C cycles.
• the load was 4 kg of cotton cloth or 2 kg of synthetic cloth and 200 grams of powder was used in each wash cycle.
• the height of suds appearing at the port-hole of the washing machines was measured against an arbitrary scale at a series of time intervals during the heat-up period and the temperature of the wash liquor was measured simultaneously.
• compositions A and C having pHs of 8.9 and 8.0 respectively produce satisfactory volumes of foam
• composition B of pH 10.5 over-foams.
• compositions, G and H having the following formulations were prepared:
• composition G The pH of both compositions was adjusted to at least 12.
• the viscosity of composition G was 650 cp and that of H, 1100 cp.
• the two compositions were stored for two months at 37°C and were found to show no substantial deterioration in foam controlling capacity.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)

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Publications (1)

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ID=10525877

Family Applications (1)

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Cited By (12)

Citations (3)

• 1982
  • 1982-11-09 AU AU90296/82A patent/AU547579B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1982-11-11 EP EP82306014A patent/EP0081908A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 1982-11-12 ZA ZA828332A patent/ZA828332B/xx unknown

Patent Citations (3)

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