EP0079969A1 - Unite de lampe a decharge a vapeur de mercure a faible pression - Google Patents

Unite de lampe a decharge a vapeur de mercure a faible pression Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0079969A1
EP0079969A1 EP82901620A EP82901620A EP0079969A1 EP 0079969 A1 EP0079969 A1 EP 0079969A1 EP 82901620 A EP82901620 A EP 82901620A EP 82901620 A EP82901620 A EP 82901620A EP 0079969 A1 EP0079969 A1 EP 0079969A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
discharge lamp
mercury vapor
low pressure
firing
pressure mercury
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP82901620A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0079969B1 (fr
EP0079969A4 (fr
Inventor
Toshiro Mitsubishi Denki K. K. Kajiwara
Yoshinori Mitsubishi Denki K. K. Anzai
Takeo Mitsubishi Denki K. K. Saikatsu
Goroku Mitsubishi Denki K. K. Kobayashi
Shunichi Mitsubishi Denki K. K. Morimoto
Hiroyoshi Mitsubishi Denki K. K. Yamazaki
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP8144181A external-priority patent/JPS57196497A/ja
Priority claimed from JP11036981A external-priority patent/JPS5812251A/ja
Application filed by Mitsubishi Electric Corp filed Critical Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Publication of EP0079969A1 publication Critical patent/EP0079969A1/fr
Publication of EP0079969A4 publication Critical patent/EP0079969A4/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0079969B1 publication Critical patent/EP0079969B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/36—Controlling
    • H05B41/38—Controlling the intensity of light
    • H05B41/39—Controlling the intensity of light continuously
    • H05B41/392—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor
    • H05B41/3921—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor with possibility of light intensity variations
    • H05B41/3927—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor with possibility of light intensity variations by pulse width modulation

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a low pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp device including a low pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp, for example a fluorescent lamp, combined with a firing device for firing the discharge lamp at a high frequency.
  • the present invention arises from the previously unexpected phenomenon that the energy transition from 6 3 P I to 6 4 So of mercury atoms is attended with a sharp increase in energy efficiency of radiation at 235.7nm by providing a pause time period of not less than 0.5 x 10 -6 second and not larger than 15 x 10 -6 seconds in the voltage applied across the electrodes of a low pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp containing a rare gas composed of at least one of the elements Kr and Xe or at least one of rare gases low in ionization voltages such as Kr and Xe during the AC firing thereof at a frequency not less than 1 KHz, the inside diameter 0 in mm of the discharge lamp to being 23 ⁇ D ⁇ 35 and the ratio X/Y of the total molar number X of the rare gas or gases to the molar number Y of mercury vapor within the discharge lamp 10 being kept in the range 0.5 x 10 2 ⁇ X/Y ⁇ 1.0 x 10 4 .
  • FIG. 1 is a sectional view illustrating an electric discharge lamp 4 used in this fundamental experiment wherein 1 is a bulb made of quartz glass which bulb is filled with a rare gas and mercury b in the liquid phase which is a mercury vapor generator. A preheated type electrode 2 is sealed through each end of the bulb and an electric discharge path a is formed between the electrodes.
  • the inside tube diameter of the bulb 1 is 30 mm, and the tube length L is 1187 mm as defined by the outer ends of the bulb.
  • the low pressure mercury vapor discharge lamps used were a 40 W rapid start type flurescent lamp and a discharge lamp identical in specification thereto and having the bulb made of quartz glass and not coated with phosphors.
  • Figure 2 is a view illustrating an experimental device comprising a commercial 100 V AC electric source 5, a filament transformer 6 energized by the electric source 5, an electric source 7 of rectangular waves for supplying a voltage having an application time period T and a pause time period TO as will be described later, a switch 8 provided in a preheating circuit for the electrodes 2, and a variable resistance ballast 9 for controlling the discharge current through the discharge lamp.
  • Fluorescent lamps 4 with a tube length L of 118 mm and an inside tube diameter D of 30 mm were used principally but for a small number thereof a different diameter was used in the range 22 to 36 mm.
  • the rare gas filling was of various single elementary gases and mixtures thereof and their filling amounts have been changed to large extents.
  • the mercury (b) was filled in a substantially constant amount of 25 mg.
  • a 40 W rapid start type fluorescent lamp has then been used as the discharge lamp and the relative magnitude of its luminous flux has been measured, for changes of the time period T 0 at a constant frequency of 17 KHz with a constant current having the effective value of 0.42 A.
  • Fig. 4 shows the result thereof.
  • the solid line A. is data for the discharge lamp 4 filled with argon under about 2.6 Torrs and the chain line B with single dots is data for the discharge lamp 4 filled with a mixed gas or argon (35%), krypton (45%) and neon (20%) under about 2.2 Torrs.
  • the magnitude of the luminous flux in Figure 5 is relative to the magnitude of luminous flux obtained when the firing is effected by a commercial AC electric source using a reference ballast prescribed by JIS, considered at 100%.
  • the effect of providing the pause time period T 0 can always be observed at firing frequencies of not less than 1 KHz and it is found that its effect is maximum at a firing frequency lying in the vicinity of 20 KHz.
  • the maximum value of the relative magnitude of the luminous flux changes with the individual parameters such as the pause time period, composition of the rare gases filled in the lamp etc. but it has been confirmed in any event that, if the pause time period is 0.5 to 1.5 ⁇ s and the firing frequency is not less than 1 KHz, then a high magnitude of the luminous flux is obtained as compared with firing at a conventional frequency.
  • FIG. 6 shows an AC 100 V electric source 5, a switch 10 for the electric source, a full-wave rectifier 11, a smoothing capacitor 12, a voltage dividing resistance 13, a constant voltage diode 14, an IC 15 for regulating the switching, a pair of output transistors 15a for the IC, and a pair of transistors 16 for amplifying the output which transistors form a push-pull circuit with the output transformers 17.
  • 18 is a voltage dividing resistance which is resistance for supplying currents to bases of the respective transistors through the transistors 15a
  • 17S is the secondary winding of the transformer
  • 17F are a pair of filament windings
  • 19 is a capacitor ballast.
  • the pause time period TO may be indefinite as shown in Figure 7, the present invention defines it as described below.
  • the pause time period T 0 is defined as (t 0 + t l + t 2 ); the pause time period T 0 is taken to be equal to t 0 when the time interval t 0 for zero voltage is longer than 5(t 1 + t 2 ).
  • the firing frequency is selected in consideration of the switching characteristics and other characteristics of the firing circuit. It is considered that in the existing high frequency firing technique from 10 to 60 KHz are desirable but if the high frequency firing technique advances in the future then it will be sufficiently possible in view of practical use to effect the firing with a pulse frequency of several hundred KHz.
  • the said molar ratio X/Y is a quantity approximately obtained from the ratio of the pressure of the rare gas filling at 40° to the vapor pressure of the mercury at 40°C.
  • Figure 8 shows the variation in relative intensity of resonance radiation of mercury at 253.7 mm for said discharge lamp fired with a peak current value of 0.42 A (of substantially a rectangular wave) at 20-KHz in a stream of water at 40°C, with the pause time period T 0 changed. While in this Figure the intensity is made 100% with a pause time period TO of zero, this value is about 17% higher than that in the firing with a commercial electric source. As seen in Figure 8, the intensity becomes maximum with the time period T 0 of 7 to 8 x 10 -6 second and the increase in relative intensity reaches 35%. Also for time periods TO of more than 15 x 10 -6 seconds the intensity is less than that in the absence of the pause time period T 0 .
  • Figure 9 shows the variation in relative intensity of the radiation at 253.7 mm when the same discharge lamp as that used in the measurements of Figure 8 is used and the firing frequency is changed.
  • the solid line in Figure 9 illustrates the case where the pause time period T 0 is a constant of about 7 x 10 -6 at frequencies of not higher than 36 KHz and where the ratio of the time period T 1 to T 0 is set to about 1 at frequencies in excess of 36 KHz.
  • the chain line with single dots is the case where the time period T 0 is zero.
  • the temperature of running water was 40°C and the peak current value was 0.42A.
  • Figure 9 shows the intensity of radiation with the firing effected by a commercial electric source as 100%. As seen in Figure 9, the effect of providing the pause time period T 0 is always observed at firing frequencies-not less than 1 KHz and that effect is maximum when the firing frequency is near to 20 KHz.
  • the limitation of the molar ratio X/Y according to the present invention results from the fact that, when the sort of rare gases, the firing frequency and the pause time period T 0 are determined, the generation and extinction of the moving striations is effected on a boundary made of a border line as determined by the molar ratio X/Y and the apparent atom temperature T of the rare gas. Also in this embodiment the lamp was fired by means of the circuit of the configuration shown in Figure 6 and brought into the steady state with said firing device A used, after which the measurements of the magnitude of the luminous flux and electric power were effected.
  • the molar ratio X/Y (which was obtained assuming that the atom temperature of the rare gas corresponds to the temperature on the central portion of the tube and the vapor pressure of mercury corresponds to the temperature on the coldest portion) has amounted to 0.64 x 10 8 and high values not previously existing were provided so that, as compared with the firing with the commercial frequency, the increase in efficiency of the lamp alone was about 16% and the increase in efficiency of the device as a whole was about 30%.
  • a discharge lamp was fired with a peak current value of 2 A, with an In - Hg amalgam or amalgams disposed in the vicinity of the electrodes 2 in place of the liquid phase mercury b, with a bulb 36 mm in inside tube diameter and 2354 mm in tube length L filled with a rare gas mixture having a molar mixture ratio of Ne to Ar of 7 to 3.
  • the vapor pressure of the mercury was 4.5 x 10 -3 Torrs and the molar ratio X/Y amounted to 0.56 x 10 3 , while the increase in efficiency of the lamp alone was 14% and the increase in efficiency of the device as a whole was about 36%.
  • said embodiments relate to discharge lamps comparatively high in practical use and illustrate only several examples of the effect of the present invention.
  • the fact that the lamp efficiency is devised to increase by the provision of the proper pause time period TO can be said to be effective for a very wide variety of discharge lamps.
  • the maximum value of the relative magnitude of the luminous flux is changed with the firing frequency, the pause time period, the composition of gases filled in the lamp etc., but it has been confirmed that, when the firing is effected at not less than 1 KHz and the pause time period is 0.5 to 15 ⁇ s, the relative magnitude of the luminous flux is increased as compared with the conventional firing at a commercial frequency without the provision of the pause time period.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Abstract

Unite de lampe a decharge a vapeur de mercure a faible pression realisee de maniere a utiliser un inverseur de haute frequence, a presenter un temps de repos T0 de l'ordre 0, 5 x 10-6 a 10 x 10-6, a produire une tension alternative rectangulaire de haute frequence possedant une frequence superieure a 1kHz, et a fournir une tension a haute frequence a une lampe a decharge a faible pression de vapeur contenant de maniere etanche du mercure et un rare selectionne de maniere que le rapport X/Y du nombre molaire Y de la vapeur de mercure par rapport au nombre molaire X du gaz rare se situe entre 0,5 x 102 et 1,0 x 104. Le moirage mobile de la lampe est reduit de maniere a etre supprime ou elimine, ce qui permet d'obtenir une grande amelioration du rendement de l'energie de radiation resonnante du mercure.
EP82901620A 1981-05-28 1982-05-28 Unite de lampe a decharge a vapeur de mercure a faible pression Expired EP0079969B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP8144181A JPS57196497A (en) 1981-05-28 1981-05-28 Low pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp firing device
JP81441/81 1981-05-28
JP11036981A JPS5812251A (ja) 1981-07-15 1981-07-15 低圧水銀蒸気放電灯装置
JP110369/81 1981-07-15

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0079969A1 true EP0079969A1 (fr) 1983-06-01
EP0079969A4 EP0079969A4 (fr) 1984-11-07
EP0079969B1 EP0079969B1 (fr) 1988-11-02

Family

ID=26422465

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82901620A Expired EP0079969B1 (fr) 1981-05-28 1982-05-28 Unite de lampe a decharge a vapeur de mercure a faible pression

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0079969B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3279197D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1982004373A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2134701A (en) * 1982-12-29 1984-08-15 Philips Nv Metal vapour discharge
EP0435231A1 (fr) * 1989-12-29 1991-07-03 Zumtobel Aktiengesellschaft Procédé pour varier la puissance fournie par des tubes fluorescents
EP0729694A1 (fr) * 1993-11-03 1996-09-04 Science Applications International Corporation Systeme d'illumination uv par l'arriere a haute efficacite pour dispositifs d'affichage electroniques
EP1304721A1 (fr) * 2001-10-18 2003-04-23 General Electric Company Lampe fluorescente à passe puissance

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL166381C (nl) * 1971-05-08 1981-07-15 Philips Nv Werkwijze voor het bedrijven van een lagedrukkwikdamp- ontladingslamp, en inrichting voor het uitvoeren van deze werkwijze.
JPS4962372U (fr) * 1972-09-06 1974-05-31
JPS49103278U (fr) * 1972-12-25 1974-09-05

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO8204373A1 *

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2134701A (en) * 1982-12-29 1984-08-15 Philips Nv Metal vapour discharge
AT383245B (de) * 1982-12-29 1987-06-10 Philips Nv Anordnung mit einer mit zumindest zwei innenelektroden ausgeruesteten metalldampfentladungslampe
EP0435231A1 (fr) * 1989-12-29 1991-07-03 Zumtobel Aktiengesellschaft Procédé pour varier la puissance fournie par des tubes fluorescents
EP0729694A1 (fr) * 1993-11-03 1996-09-04 Science Applications International Corporation Systeme d'illumination uv par l'arriere a haute efficacite pour dispositifs d'affichage electroniques
EP0729694A4 (fr) * 1993-11-03 1997-02-26 Science Applic Int Corp Systeme d'illumination uv par l'arriere a haute efficacite pour dispositifs d'affichage electroniques
EP1304721A1 (fr) * 2001-10-18 2003-04-23 General Electric Company Lampe fluorescente à passe puissance

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0079969B1 (fr) 1988-11-02
DE3279197D1 (en) 1988-12-08
WO1982004373A1 (fr) 1982-12-09
EP0079969A4 (fr) 1984-11-07

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
KR100399243B1 (ko) 방전램프및그의동작방법
US4286194A (en) Generator for use with loads having changing impedance characteristics
US5610477A (en) Low breakdown voltage gas discharge device and methods of manufacture and operation
EP0131965B1 (fr) Lampe à décharge de vapeur de mercure à basse pression
KR940009330B1 (ko) 희가스 방전 형광 램프 장치
GB2239568A (en) Circuit for dimming gas discharge lamps without introducing striations
AU750993B2 (en) Non-thermionic ballast-free energy-efficient light-producing gas discharge system and method
JPH09199285A (ja) 放電ランプ点灯装置
US2774918A (en) Electric discharge device
US4048539A (en) Apparatus for starting high pressure gaseous discharge lamps
US6300722B1 (en) Non-thermionic ballast-free energy-efficient light-producing gas discharge system and method
GB1575834A (en) High pressure sodium vapour lamps and method of operating the same
EP0079969A1 (fr) Unite de lampe a decharge a vapeur de mercure a faible pression
US4128789A (en) Method of operating gaseous discharge lamps
US6107756A (en) Low-voltage non-thermionic ballast-free energy-efficient gas-discharge landscape lighting system and method using high-frequency square wave AC driver circuits
US4045709A (en) Discharge lamp operating circuit
US3771007A (en) High intensity lamp apparatus and method of operation thereof
KR100399811B1 (ko) 아크 램프 안정기
US4647819A (en) Metal vapor lamp starting and operating apparatus
US4900986A (en) Ballast circuit for starting fluorescent lamps
US5637965A (en) Low pressure sodium-mercury lamp yielding substantially white light
KR920000482B1 (ko) 발광장치
JPS58135563A (ja) 低圧水銀蒸気放電灯装置
JPS6329789B2 (fr)
JP2613688B2 (ja) 光放射電子管点灯装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19830124

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): DE GB NL

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19861031

R17C First examination report despatched (corrected)

Effective date: 19870629

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): DE GB NL

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3279197

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19881208

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: 727

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: 727A

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: 727B

26N No opposition filed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: SP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: 746

Effective date: 19960611

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20010522

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20010523

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20010531

Year of fee payment: 20

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: IF02

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

Effective date: 20020527

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

Effective date: 20020528

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: PE20

Effective date: 20020527

NLV7 Nl: ceased due to reaching the maximum lifetime of a patent

Effective date: 20020528