EP0079593B1 - Moufle de traction - Google Patents

Moufle de traction Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0079593B1
EP0079593B1 EP19820110435 EP82110435A EP0079593B1 EP 0079593 B1 EP0079593 B1 EP 0079593B1 EP 19820110435 EP19820110435 EP 19820110435 EP 82110435 A EP82110435 A EP 82110435A EP 0079593 B1 EP0079593 B1 EP 0079593B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tackle
fall
end portions
locking device
block
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19820110435
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0079593A2 (fr
EP0079593A3 (en
Inventor
Jens Christian Jensen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sophus Berendsen Marine AS
Original Assignee
Sophus Berendsen Marine AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sophus Berendsen Marine AS filed Critical Sophus Berendsen Marine AS
Publication of EP0079593A2 publication Critical patent/EP0079593A2/fr
Publication of EP0079593A3 publication Critical patent/EP0079593A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0079593B1 publication Critical patent/EP0079593B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D3/00—Portable or mobile lifting or hauling appliances
    • B66D3/04—Pulley blocks or like devices in which force is applied to a rope, cable, or chain which passes over one or more pulleys, e.g. to obtain mechanical advantage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D3/00—Portable or mobile lifting or hauling appliances
    • B66D3/04—Pulley blocks or like devices in which force is applied to a rope, cable, or chain which passes over one or more pulleys, e.g. to obtain mechanical advantage
    • B66D3/06—Pulley blocks or like devices in which force is applied to a rope, cable, or chain which passes over one or more pulleys, e.g. to obtain mechanical advantage with more than one pulley
    • B66D3/10—Applications of braking or detent devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pulling tackle comprising at least two blocks, each having a plurality of pulleys, a tackle fall having two end portions and extending between the blocks and being passed over the pulleys thereof, and a releasable locking device associated with one of the blocks for releasably locking the fall in relation thereto.
  • Such pulling tackles are used for example on board in sailing boats or ships, in hoists, as wire stretchers, or, more generally, in cases where a munually or possibly mechanically generated pulling force is to be augmented a certain number of times.
  • one end portion of the tackle fall-the so-called standing part-is fixed to one of the blocks, while the other end portion of the tackle fall-the so-called hauling part-is to that which the manual or mechanical pulling force is applied.
  • both tackle blocks may be moveably or loosely arranged. However, normally the block from which the free end of the hauling part extends, is fixed, while the other block is moveable or loose.
  • tackles of the above type may be used on board in sailing ships, for example for stretching ropes and wires, for moving the boom, etc.
  • This known locking fastening device comprises a channel for receiving the hauling part and defined between a pair of swingably mounted locking members or excentrics allowing movement of the hauling part along the channel in the direction of a pulling force applied to the free end of the hauling part, but preventing movement of the hauling part in the opposite direction.
  • the hauling part may be moved out of the channel defined between the locking members while a pulling force is applied to the hauling part.
  • the known locking device described makes it possible to lock the hauling part and thereby maintain a desired total length of the tackle also when the tackle blocks are exposed to oppositely directed pulling forces. Furthermore, it is possible to make a quick adjustment of the tackle length either by pulling the hauling part of the tackle fall in order to reduce the length of the tackle, or by releasing the hauling purt from the locking device and slacking the hauling part so as to increase the length of the tackle.
  • the mechanical advantage of the tackle which means the ratio between the manual or mechanical pulling force applied to the hauling part of the tackle fall, and the pulling force provided by the moveable or loose tackle block, is dependent on the number of pulleys in the blocks.
  • the mechanical advantage obtainable by means of a certain tackle cannot be changed rightaway.
  • the wind resistance which must be overcome in order to move the boom may vary rather substantially, and, furthermore the resistive force which must be overcome by the tackle for a given wind force, may vary during the swinging movements of the boom due to variations of the vertical distances between the forces and the rotational axis.
  • a big mechanical advantage of the tackle also means that a relatively long length of the hauling part has to be hauled in in order to obtain a desired reduction of the tackle length or a desired movement of the tackle blocks towards each other.
  • a doubling of the mechanical advantage of the tackle means a doubling of the length of the hauling part to be hauled in for obtaining a certain movement of the tackle blocks towards each other.
  • the present invention provides a tackle of the type described above, which makes it possible to halve the "reaction time” or the time it takes to operate the tackle, when the tackle load is equal to or smaller than half the estimated maximum load of the tackle.
  • the tackle according to the invention is characterized in that the releaseable locking device enables the end portions of the fall to be locked and released selectively, both independently and together, by one hand.
  • the tackle When the tackle according to the invention is used for overcoming a load exceeding half the predetermined maximum load, the tackle may be shortened like a conventional tackle by applying a pulling force to one of the end portions of the tackle fall, while the other end portion is maintained in a locked position by the locking device.
  • a pulling force may simultaneously be applied to both of the end portions of the fall. The pulling force to be applied by the user is then the double of that necessary when only one of the end portions is hauled, but the length of the free end portions to be hauled in is simultaneously halved, whereby the operating time will be reduced.
  • both end portions of the fall may be released simultaneously irrespective of the tackle load condition.
  • the tackle may then be extended at least double as quickly as if only one end portion had been released, because the pulleys in one of the blocks need not rotate, whereby the frictional resistance is reduced
  • the said locking device may be constructed in any suitable manner allowing a quick, selective locking and release of any of the end portions of the tackle fall.
  • the locking device may comprise a spring biased clamping device combined with an easily operatable actuating mechanism, which may, for example, be of an electromagnetic type.
  • the locking device is preferably adapted to allow movememt of each of the fall end portions in relation to the locking device in a direction tending to reduce the length of the tackle and to prevent movement of the end portions in the opposite direction. The length of the tackle may then be reduced even when the locking device is in its locking position, by hauling in one or both of the fall end portions.
  • the locking device defines a pair of adjacent channels for receiving a respective one of the fall end portions therein, at least one of the opposite wall portions of each channel including a fall engaging surface part formed on a locking member mounted moveably so as to prevent movement of the respective fall end portion in relation to the channel in a direction towards the associated block and so as to allow movememt of said end portion in the opposite direction.
  • any of the fall end portions may be hauled in so as to reduce the length of the tackle while the end portions remain in their respective channel.
  • the frictional forces generated between the fall end portion and the engaging surface part of the locking member cause the locking member to move so as to wedge the fall end portion in the channel. If it is desired to slacken the fall so as to obtain a quick extension of the tackle, one and preferably both of the fall end portions are pulled out from the channel or channels and released.
  • the said end portions of the tackle fall may be in the form of separated free end portions.
  • the free ends of the fall end portions are preferably interconnected so as to form an endless tackle fall.
  • the locking device may be mounted stiffly in relation to the associated block.
  • the tackle block and the locking device may be fastened to the same body such as the hull of a ship or boat.
  • the locking device may form part of or be fastened directly to the associated tackle block which may then be swingably or otherwise moveably mounted on the hull of a ship or another supporting structure or body, if desired. In that case the relative position between the locking device and the associated tackle block cannot change during use of the tackle.
  • the locking device and the corresponding tackle block may be interconnected by resilient connection means.
  • the locking device and the associated block may be even more freely moveable in relation to each other.
  • the locking device may be fastened to the hull of a ship or another supporting structure while the associated tackle block is connected to that structure only by means of the tackle fall.
  • All of the embodiments of the tackle according to the invention shown in Fig. 1-4 comprise a fixed tackle block 10 and a loose or free tackle block 11.
  • Each of the tackle blocks comprises one or more rotatably mounted pulleys or sheaves 12, 13, and 14, and a so-called fall 15 is passed over these pulleys or sheaves so that free end portions 16 and 17 thereof extend out from the fixed tackle block 10.
  • the fixed tackle block 10 may comprise an eye 18 which may be swingably connected to a mounting member 19 (Fig. 1) which may be fastened to a stationary object or structure such as the deck of a boat or ship.
  • the loose or free tackle block 11 may comprise an eye 20 swingably connected to a mounting member 21, which may be fastened to a moveable part, such as a boom of a sailing boat or ship.
  • the free block 11 of the embodiments shown in Figs. 2-4 may in a corresponding manner be fastened to a moveable part by means of an eye 20, while the fixed block 10 may be stationarily fastened by means of a joint 22 or another device allowing a certain restricted movement of the block.
  • a locking device 23 for releaseably locking the free end portions 16 and 17 of the fall is mounted on the fixed block.
  • the fastening device defines a pair of channels for receiving a respective one of the end portions 16 and 17, and these channels are defined between a stationary central part 24 and a pair of swingably mounted eccentrics 25, vide Figs. 1 and 5.
  • the opposite side surfaces of the central part 24 as well as the inner surfaces of the eccentrics 25 are serrated so as to increase friction, and the eccentrics 25 are formed and mounted so that the end portions 16 and 17 of the fall may simultaneously or separately be pulled outwardly as indicated by arrows and as illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4.
  • the end portions cannot be moved in the opposite direction, because such movement will cause the respective eccentric to be moved so as to wedge the end portion between the serrated surface part of the eccentric and the opposite serrated surface part of the central part 24.
  • this may be obtained by pulling the end portion or portions outwardly and simultaneously in a direction towards U-shaped bridging members 26 bridging the channels so as to pull the end portion or portions out of engagement with the eccentrics 25.
  • the tackle may be extended by easing off or completely releasing one or both of the fall end portions.
  • the end portion or portions of the fall may be reintroduced into the channel or channels and brought into engagement with the central part 24 and the eccentrics 26 so as to be locked automatically.
  • the locking device 23 is mounted on the tackle block 10 by means of a pair of arms 27 allowing adjustment of the position of the locking device 23 in relation to the block 10.
  • the arms 27 may be swung about a pin 28 and locked in a desired position by inserting a locking pin 29 into one of a plurality of holes 30 formed in the arms 27.
  • the fixed tackle block 10 is provided with three sheaves or pulleys of which two pulleys 12 are arranged coaxially, while the third pulley 13 is arranged at the inner end of the block and in a plane forming right angles with the plane defined by the pulleys 12.
  • the free tackle block 11 is provided with only two coaxial pulleys 12, and, consequently, the tackle is a double luff. If a pulling force is applied to only one of the end portions 16 and 17 of the fall the ratio between the pulling force applied to the end poriton and the force generated by the tackle will be 1:4. This means that the tackle increases the normally manual pulling force applied to one of the end portions 16 and 17 fourfold.
  • the length of the tackle is reduced only by 1/4 of the length of the fall being hauled through the channel of the locking device 23. If, alternatively a pulling force is simultaneously applied to both of the end portions 16 and 17 of the fall, the mechanical advantage of the tackle will be 1:2, which means that the tackle will only double the total pulling force applied to the two end portions of the fall. tn return, the length of the tackle will be reduced by half the length of the fall end portion being hauled through the channel of the locking device 23. It is understood that one and the same tackle allows the choosing between two different mechanical advantages, because it is possible to pull either one of the fall end portions or both of the fall end portions simultaneously. Thus, it is possible to choose the mechanical advantage being the most preferred in a certain situation in view of the force which is to be overcome by means of the tackle.
  • the free tackle block 11 comprises only a single sheave or pulley 13
  • the fixed tackle block 10 comprises two coaxially arranged pulleys 12. If only one of the fall end portions 16 and 17 of this embodiment is pulled, the tackle will double the pulling force applied to the end portion, and if both end portions are pulled simultaneously, the mechanical advantage will be 1:1, which means that the pulling force supplied to the fall end portions will not be increased by the tackle.
  • the tackle shown in Fig. 3 is a double luff like that shown in Fig. 1, and in Fig. 3 it is illustrated how one of the fall end portions 16 may be pulled, whereby the tackle will multiply the pulling force applied to the fall end portion by four.
  • the free tackle block 11 comprises two coaxially arranged sheaves or pulleys 12 and a sheave or pulley 13 arranged at the end of the block just like the fixed block 10 shown in Fig. 1, and in Fig. 4 the fixed block 10 is provided with four sheaves or pulleys 12, which are coaxially mounted in pairs and rotatably about parallel axes.
  • the tackle shown in Fig. 4 is a threefold tackle. If only one of the fall end portions is pulled, the tackle will multiply the pulling force applied to the end portion by six. If, however, both of the fall end portions 16 and 17 are pulled simultaneously as illustrated in Fig. 4, the pulling force applied to the fall end portions will be multiplied only by three.
  • the tackle shown in Fig. 5 is a double luff just like that in Fig. 1.
  • the tackle shown in Fig. 5 comprises in addition to the fixed tackle block 10 with the coaxial sheaves or pulleys 12 a further fixed tackle block 31, which has only one sheave or pulley, and which is fastened to a fixed rail 32.
  • the fall 15 is passed over a pair of coaxial sheaves or pulleys mounted in a further tackle block 33 which is fastened to a moveable part, such as a boom 35 by means of a mounting member 34.
  • the fixed tackle block 10 may then be mounted on the hull or deck (not shown) of a sailing boat or ship, while the rail 32 may, for example, be arranged on the roof on the deckhouse, and the tackle block 31 may be arranged displaceably along the rail 32, if desired.
  • the locking device 23 is mounted on an arm 36 swingable around a vertical stud to the upper end of which the fixed tackle block 10 is moveably connected, for example by means of a universal' joint.
  • the tackle block 10 is biased in an upward direction and is maintained in an upright position by a coil spring 37, which is arranged between the arm 36 and the block, and which surrounds the stud, so as to allow a certain relative movement between the locking device 23 and the tackle block 10.
  • the boom 35 When one of the fall end portions 16 and 17 is pulled, the boom 35 will be influenced by a pulling force which is four times the force applied to the fall end portion. If both of the fall end portions 16 and 17 are pulled simultaneously, the force applied to the fall end portion is only doubled.
  • the tackle block 10 in Fig. 5 may be a so-called ratchet block having sheaves or pulleys which may rotate only in the direction in which the fall end portions are pulled in order to reduce the length of the tackle. Consequently, the frictional resistance between the fall and these pulleys are substantially increased when the fall end portions are pulled in the opposite direction after having been released from the locking device 23.
  • the ratchet block may be changed to function as a normal block by operation a changeover member 38.
  • the tackle according to the invention is especially being described in connection with its use on board in a boat or ship it should be understood that the tackle according to the invention may advantageously be used also within other fields, where tackles are normally used, for example in hoists, as wire stretchers, etc.
  • the pulling force applied to the end portions 16 and 17 of the fall need not necessarily be provided manually, but may also be provided mechanically.
  • the locking device 23 shown in the drawing may be replaced by any other type of locking device allowing an easily releasable and selective locking of one or both of the end portions of the fall. Even though the fall end portions are shown as free end portions in the drawing, it may in some cases be desirable to interconnect the free ends of the fall end portions so as to obtain an endless tackle fall.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
  • Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)

Claims (7)

1. Palan comportant au moins deux blocs (10, 11, 33) dont chacun est pourvu d'une pluralité de poulies (12 à 14), un câble de halage ayant deux deux sections d'extrémité (16, 17) et s'étendant entre lesdits blocs et amené autour lesdites poulies desdits blocs; et comportant, en outre, un dispositif de blocage desserrable (23) associé avec l'un desdits blocs pour le blocage desserrable dudit câble de halage par rapport audit bloc, caractérisé en ce que ledit dispositif de blocage desserrable (23) permet les sections d'extrémité (16, 17) dudit câble de halage d'être serrées et desserrées, à volonté, à une main, soit indépendamment l'un de l'autre ou conjointement.
2. Palan selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit dispositif de blocage, dans sa position de serrage, est susceptible de permettre le mouvement de chacune desdites sections d'extrémité (16, 17) du câble de halage par rapport audit dispositif de blocage en un sens disposé à réduire la longueur du câble de halage et à éviter le mouvement desdites sections d'extrémité en sens opposé.
3. Palan selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que ledit dispositif de blocage (23) enferme une paire de gorges contiguës pour le logement de respectivement une desdites sections d'extrémité du câble de halage (16, 17), tandis qu'au moins une des parois opposées de chaque gorge est pourvue d'une partie de surface pour la prise du câble de halage, ladite partie étant formée sur un élément de serrage (25) monté à se mouvoir afin d'éviter aucun mouvement de la section d'extrémité respective dudit câble de halage (16 ou 17) par rapport au logement, en un sens vers le bloc associé (10), et afin de permettre le mouvement de ladite section d'extrémité en sens opposé.
4. Palan selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que ledit élément de serrage (25) mobile se peut basculer autour un axe excentrique par rapport à la partie de surface associée pour la prise du câble de halage.
5. Palan selon quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les tronçons libres desdites sections d'extrémité du câble de halage (16, 17) sont interconnectés afin de former un câble de halage sans fin (15).
6. Palan selon quelconque des revendication 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que ledit dispositif de blocage est monté rigidement par rapport au bloc associé (10).
7. Palan selon quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que ledit dispositif de blocage (23) et le bloc associé (10), sont interconnectés par des moyens de liaison résilients (37).
EP19820110435 1981-11-12 1982-11-11 Moufle de traction Expired EP0079593B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK5021/81 1981-11-12
DK502181A DK146849C (da) 1981-11-12 1981-11-12 Talje

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0079593A2 EP0079593A2 (fr) 1983-05-25
EP0079593A3 EP0079593A3 (en) 1984-01-11
EP0079593B1 true EP0079593B1 (fr) 1986-02-26

Family

ID=8138721

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19820110435 Expired EP0079593B1 (fr) 1981-11-12 1982-11-11 Moufle de traction

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0079593B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3269470D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK146849C (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11564815B2 (en) 2019-09-17 2023-01-31 Victoria Hand Project Upper arm prosthetic apparatus and systems
US11672675B2 (en) 2015-06-26 2023-06-13 Victoria Hand Project Prosthetic wrist
US11957606B2 (en) 2020-10-29 2024-04-16 Victoria Hand Project Low-cost prosthetic apparatus, methods, kits, and systems with improved force transfer elements

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5538223A (en) * 1994-04-21 1996-07-23 Scace; Gregory Single line multiple purchase block and tackle system
FR2740765B1 (fr) * 1995-11-03 1998-01-16 Gillet Outillage Mecanisme de traction a cabestan et outillages ainsi equipes
DE19807059C2 (de) * 1998-02-19 2000-01-27 Manfred Schmid Seilzug zum Heranziehen eines Anhängers an ein Zugfahrzeug
GB0421249D0 (en) * 2004-09-23 2004-10-27 Bowman George H P A pulley
US11905143B2 (en) 2018-12-28 2024-02-20 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Method for handling a wind turbine component with a control arrangement

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR343391A (fr) * 1904-05-24 1904-10-03 George Agobian Poulie mouflée
FR438906A (fr) * 1912-01-11 1912-05-31 Axel Welin Dispositif de moufle pour palans
US1563739A (en) * 1924-04-07 1925-12-01 Emsco Tool Company Crown block
US1890992A (en) * 1931-05-16 1932-12-13 Charles F Janssen Tackle block
GB918785A (en) * 1959-09-29 1963-02-20 Wilfred Charles Julian Halford Improvements in or relating to block and tackle apparatus
US3678876A (en) * 1971-02-16 1972-07-25 Coast Catamaran Corp Jib sheet apparatus for sailboats
US4084794A (en) * 1976-07-09 1978-04-18 B. E. Wallace Products Corporation Hoist or winch mechanism adapted for multiple variable rigging

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11672675B2 (en) 2015-06-26 2023-06-13 Victoria Hand Project Prosthetic wrist
US11564815B2 (en) 2019-09-17 2023-01-31 Victoria Hand Project Upper arm prosthetic apparatus and systems
US11957606B2 (en) 2020-10-29 2024-04-16 Victoria Hand Project Low-cost prosthetic apparatus, methods, kits, and systems with improved force transfer elements

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK146849C (da) 1984-07-02
DK146849B (da) 1984-01-23
EP0079593A2 (fr) 1983-05-25
DE3269470D1 (en) 1986-04-03
DK502181A (da) 1983-05-13
EP0079593A3 (en) 1984-01-11

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