EP0078105A2 - Lampe à sodium à haute pression - Google Patents

Lampe à sodium à haute pression Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0078105A2
EP0078105A2 EP82304926A EP82304926A EP0078105A2 EP 0078105 A2 EP0078105 A2 EP 0078105A2 EP 82304926 A EP82304926 A EP 82304926A EP 82304926 A EP82304926 A EP 82304926A EP 0078105 A2 EP0078105 A2 EP 0078105A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lamp
sodium
mole fraction
range
arc tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP82304926A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0078105A3 (fr
Inventor
Paul Linley Denbigh
Bryan Frederick Jones
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thorn EMI PLC
Original Assignee
Thorn EMI PLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thorn EMI PLC filed Critical Thorn EMI PLC
Publication of EP0078105A2 publication Critical patent/EP0078105A2/fr
Publication of EP0078105A3 publication Critical patent/EP0078105A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/12—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature
    • H01J61/18—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having a metallic vapour as the principal constituent
    • H01J61/22—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having a metallic vapour as the principal constituent vapour of an alkali metal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/82—Lamps with high-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure > 400 Torr
    • H01J61/825—High-pressure sodium lamps

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to high pressure sodium lamps which comprise a sealed discharge (arc) tube of a ceramic material, preferably polycrystalline alumina, in which a discharge takes place between electrodes at opposite ends thereof in a fill which includes sodium vapour in amalgam with mercury and an inert starting gas (usually Xenon at typically 20 torr cold fill pressure).
  • the invention is particularly concerned with the optimisation of the arc tube bore and the arc length between the electrodes in relation to the sodium mole fraction of a sodium amalgam part of the fill to improve the efficacy of the lamp.
  • a high pressure sodium lamp for operation at a power rating of 70 watts and at a lamp voltage drop in the range 70 to 130 volts
  • the lamp including a substantially tubular light-transmitting arc tube whose internal diameter is in the range 3.0 to 5.0 mm, having thermionic electrodes sealed into the end thereof and filled with an inert starting gas and a sodium amalgam having a sodium mole fraction in the range 0.63-0.8, the arc length L in mm between the electrodes being defined substantially by the equation where d is the arc tube internal diameter in mm, x is the sodium mole fraction, and V is the lamp voltage drop in volts.
  • a high pressure sodium lamp for operation at a power rating of 70 watts and at a lamp voltage in the range 80 to 100 volts
  • the lamp including: a substantially tubular light-transmitting arc tube whose internal diameter is in the range 3.5 to 4.5 mm, having thermionic electrodes sealed into the ends thereof and filled with an inert starting gas and a sodium and mercury amalgam having a sodium mole fraction in the range 0.63 - 0.8, the arc length between the eleetrode tips being determined substantially by the intersection of a line for a chosen arc tube bore with the line for a chosen lamp voltage and sodium mole fraction in Figure 3 of the accompanying drawings, or interpolation thereon.
  • the wall loading of the arc tube is restricted to less than 20 W/ CM 2 .
  • the cool spot temperature of the lamp is optimised by the adjustment of heat losses therefrom.
  • a 70 watt lamp is meant a lamp of nominally 70 watt rating which is designed to run at 70 watts at a specified voltage although for various reasons the lamp may be run at different voltages at which the lamp power will not be 70 watts.
  • the present invention therefore provides a 70 watt high pressure sodium lamp with a lamp voltage of 70-130V, which is known to be a preferred range, and taking certain criteria, which may be specified within ranges known to give increased efficacy, adjusts other criteria further to increase the efficacy.
  • Figure 1 is a plot of efficacy (in lumens/watt) against lamp voltage (in volts) for a 70 watt lamp for arc tubes with 4.0 mm and 5.3 mm bores. This plot is for a sodium mole fraction of 0.686 and for temperatures, at the cool spot at which excess amalgam collects, which are optimum for maximum efficiency.
  • the optimum cool spot temperatures are obtained by using well known means (including heat screens, suitable construction and adjustment of electrode length) to adjust heat losses in the arc tube for operation at the specified voltage.
  • Figure 3 shows the dimensions required in accordance with this invention to achieve maximum efficacy for lamps adjusted using prior art techniques to be at their optimum cool spot temperature.
  • the Figure shows the arc length, in mm, plotted as a function of the arc tube bore, in mm, for 70 watt high pressure sodium lamps intended to operate at 80 volts, 90 volts and 100 volts. This is repeated for each of three sodium mole fraction values, 0.63, 0.70 and 0.80 defining a range which is considered to be satisfactory, particularly from the aspect of colour. Also illustrated for reference are lines of constant wall loading.
  • the use of the graph may be illustrated by the example of the preferred 70 watt 90 volt high pressure sodium lamp. Taking a satisfactory middle range sodium mole fraction of 0.688 it can be seen that this lamp should have an arc length of 30.2mm and an arc tube bore of 4.0 mm. The wall loading obtained is 17 .4 W/cm 2 . The position of this lamp in Figure 3 has been indicated by a star and it is shown in the same manner in Figures 1 and 2.
  • the discharge may be caused to operate at maximum efficacy by the choice of an arc length mm defined by: This equation is applied in the following examples.
  • FIG. 4 shows a preferred 70 watt 90 volt high pressure sodium lamp in accordance with this invention.
  • a polycrystalline alumina discharge tube 1 has a length of 30.2 mm plus the two electrode lengths (in this example a total length of 42 mm.
  • the tube is of internal diameter 4.0 mm and has end caps 2 in which electrodes (not shown) and external leads 3 are mounted.
  • the discharge tube is filled with a filling including Xenon starting gas at 20 torr cold fill pressure and a sodium amalgam with a sodium mole function of 0.686.
  • the assembly is mounted in an outer envelope 4 being supported therein by a conventional metal framework 5.
  • a conventional lamp base 6 is provided with a terminal 7.
  • the preferred 80 volt and 100 volt lamps are substantially the same apart from the dimensions of the arc tube which are about 10% shorter and 10% larger respectively.

Landscapes

  • Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)
EP82304926A 1981-10-28 1982-09-17 Lampe à sodium à haute pression Withdrawn EP0078105A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8132443 1981-10-28
GB8132443 1981-10-28

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0078105A2 true EP0078105A2 (fr) 1983-05-04
EP0078105A3 EP0078105A3 (fr) 1983-11-16

Family

ID=10525447

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82304926A Withdrawn EP0078105A3 (fr) 1981-10-28 1982-09-17 Lampe à sodium à haute pression

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0078105A3 (fr)
JP (1) JPS5880261A (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0081918A2 (fr) * 1981-12-11 1983-06-22 THORN EMI plc Lampes au sodium à haute pression
EP0837492A2 (fr) * 1996-10-16 1998-04-22 Osram Sylvania Inc. Lampe à décharge de haute intensité avec un remplissage de xénon sous une pression intermédiaire

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3906272A (en) * 1974-04-01 1975-09-16 Gen Electric Low wattage high pressure sodium vapor lamps

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3906272A (en) * 1974-04-01 1975-09-16 Gen Electric Low wattage high pressure sodium vapor lamps

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
JOURNAL OF ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING SOCIETY, vol. 10, no. 4, July 1981, pages 237-244, New York, USA., J.F. WAYMOUTH et al.: "Analysis of factors affecting efficacy of high pressure sodium lamps" *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0081918A2 (fr) * 1981-12-11 1983-06-22 THORN EMI plc Lampes au sodium à haute pression
EP0081918A3 (fr) * 1981-12-11 1984-05-02 THORN EMI plc Lampes au sodium à haute pression
EP0837492A2 (fr) * 1996-10-16 1998-04-22 Osram Sylvania Inc. Lampe à décharge de haute intensité avec un remplissage de xénon sous une pression intermédiaire
EP0837492A3 (fr) * 1996-10-16 1998-05-27 Osram Sylvania Inc. Lampe à décharge de haute intensité avec un remplissage de xénon sous une pression intermédiaire

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0078105A3 (fr) 1983-11-16
JPS5880261A (ja) 1983-05-14

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PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

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Effective date: 19831215

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18W Application withdrawn

Withdrawal date: 19841218

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: DENBIGH, PAUL LINLEY

Inventor name: JONES, BRYAN FREDERICK