EP0077711A1 - Katalytische Abgasreinigungsanlage für eine Brennkraftmaschine - Google Patents

Katalytische Abgasreinigungsanlage für eine Brennkraftmaschine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0077711A1
EP0077711A1 EP82401844A EP82401844A EP0077711A1 EP 0077711 A1 EP0077711 A1 EP 0077711A1 EP 82401844 A EP82401844 A EP 82401844A EP 82401844 A EP82401844 A EP 82401844A EP 0077711 A1 EP0077711 A1 EP 0077711A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
catalyst
wall
exhaust
catalytic converter
ceramic material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP82401844A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0077711B1 (de
Inventor
Michel Prigent
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
Original Assignee
IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
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Publication date
Application filed by IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN filed Critical IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
Priority to AT82401844T priority Critical patent/ATE19675T1/de
Publication of EP0077711A1 publication Critical patent/EP0077711A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0077711B1 publication Critical patent/EP0077711B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2839—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration
    • F01N3/2846—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration specially adapted for granular supports, e.g. pellets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2350/00—Arrangements for fitting catalyst support or particle filter element in the housing
    • F01N2350/08—Arrangements for fitting catalyst support or particle filter element in the housing with means for compressing granular material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a new exhaust pipe usable, in particular, for the catalytic purification of gases produced by an internal combustion engine.
  • Catalytic converters are, for example, described in French patents 2,373,677, 2,198,536 and 1,299,792 as well as in German patent 2,310,843.
  • a catalytic converter for purifying the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine comprising an elongated body provided with an intake chamber and an exhaust chamber gases, provided with orifices situated substantially at the two ends of the pot respectively, an elongated annular space intended to contain a purification catalyst of the particulate type arranged inside said elongated body and separating said intake and exhaust chambers gases, this space being delimited by walls which comprise two lateral walls provided with perforations, at least one of the walls delimiting said space being mounted to slide in the direction of elongation of the pot and means of compression of the catalyst acting on said sliding wall while tending to reduce the volume of said space intended to contain the catalyst.
  • the advantage of this type of pot is to keep the catalyst in compression and to avoid the appearance of a vacuum in the catalyst bed.
  • At least one of the perforated side walls delimiting the catalytic space is movable by axial sliding inside the pot and a spring placed outside the pot (which avoids high temperatures) presses on the mobile part via a core of refractory ceramic material, such as sintered alumina, sintered titanium oxide, or sintered zirconium oxide -... etc ...
  • the reduction in volume of catalyst can reach 10 to 15% without creating a vacuum.
  • This type of pot is particularly well suited for the use of particulate type lead-resistant catalysts which must operate at high temperature.
  • the catalytic converter is, in fact, generally placed very close to the engine at the outlet of the exhaust manifold. To give satisfaction, the catalytic converter must then be compact and ensure good maintenance of the catalyst which is subjected to very strong vibrations.
  • the illustrated muffler comprises an elongated tubular casing or casing 1, a first end of which is provided with an orifice 2 coaxial with the tubular body by which the gases are introduced through an intake pipe 4 fixed to the body 1.
  • a the other end of the body 1 is also provided with an orifice 3 spaced from the axis of the body 1, through which the gases leave the exhaust pipe by passing through an exhaust pipe 5 secured to the body 1.
  • the fixing of the pipes 4 and 5 on the body 1 can be produced by any suitable means and in particular by welding.
  • the ends of the pipes 4 and 5 outside the body 1 allow the exhaust pipe to be connected in series in a flow circuit for a gas to be treated.
  • the exhaust pipe can be connected to the exhaust pipes of an internal combustion engine.
  • the latter communicates directly with the orifice 2 and has a shape such that its section by a plane perpendicular to the direction of introduction of the gases into the exhaust pipe, decreases progressively as one moves away from the orifice of admission 2.
  • the grid 6 formed by an expanded metal plate, delimits a chamber 7 having a frustoconical shape.
  • This grid is fixed, for example by a weld, to the end of the pipe 4 corresponding to the orifice 2.
  • the device comprises a second grid, or external grid 8, formed ie expanded metal.
  • This second grid 8, with a surface area greater than that of the grid 6, has the shape of the lateral surface of a truncated cone, the section of which by a plane perpendicular to the direction of introduction of the gases into the pot. exhaust, decreases when moving away from orifice 2.
  • the truncated cone determined by the external grid 8 has substantially the same height as that defined by the internal grid 6.
  • the grid 8 is placed around the grid 6 so that the generatrices of the surfaces of the grids are substantially parallel. In other words, the grids 6 and 8 determine between them an annular space 9 of substantially constant thickness.
  • This annular space is closed at one of its ends by a transverse cup 11, not perforated, which surrounds the internal grid 6 at the level of the orifice 2 and which is fixed to the end of the internal grid 6 corresponding to the section with the largest diameter of this grid.
  • a transverse cup 12 whose bottom 12a is closed closes at its other end the annular space 9 by being fixed to the external grid 8 at its section of smaller diameter.
  • the latter is fixed to a ring 8a slidably mounted on a corresponding ring 11a which connects the cup 11 to the casing or body 1.
  • the bottom of the cup 12 fixed to the end of the external grid 8 corresponding to the section of smaller diameter of this grid is slidably mounted on a ring 6a fixed to the end of the internal grid 6 corresponding to the section of more small diameter of this grid.
  • This bottom 12a also slides in a sleeve passing through the envelope or body 1.
  • the part of this sleeve located outside the pot contains compression means such as a spring 13 which is retained by a tight plug 14 and exerts pressure against the bottom 12a of the cup 12, by means of a cylindrical core 15 made of a thermal insulating material, such as a ceramic such as sintered alumina, sintered titanium oxide, or even sintered zirconium oxide.
  • a plug 17, fixed on the transverse plate 11, makes it possible to introduce into the annular space 9, the catalyst product in the form of grains or balls of dimensions greater than that of the perforations of the grids 6 and 8.
  • the grid 8 defines with the internal wall of the body 1 a collecting space or exhaust chamber 10 preferably having a section which, measured perpendicular to the direction of introduction of the gases into the exhaust pipe, increases when away from the inlet 2.
  • means for thermal insulation of the cladding II are provided. These means are, for example, constituted by a sealed annular chamber 16 formed by an extension of the body 1, upstream of the plate 11 if one considers the direction of flow of the gases in the exhaust pipe.
  • the gases (the flow of which is indicated by arrows in the drawing) are introduced via the pipe 4 into the exhaust pipe, and more particularly into the intake chamber 7. They pass through then the annular space 9 where they are in contact with the catalyst. Finally, they reach the collecting zone 10 and are evacuated via the pipe 5.
  • the spring 13 bearing on the plug 14 and the bottom 12a of the cup 12, by means of the ceramic core 15, pushes the grid 8 which slides again the axis of the grid 6 upstream of the pot if we consider the direction of gas flow.
  • the volume of the chamber 9 will preferably be such that the space velocity of the gas flow, defined as the ratio of the hourly flow rate of the gases entering the exhaust pipe to the volume of the catalyst contained in this chamber 9, is less than 400 000 (Hour) 1, and preferably 300,000 (Hour) -1 , which corresponds, for a motor vehicle, to a volume at least equal to 0.5 liters per liter of engine displacement.
  • the cross section of the exhaust pipe will not necessarily be circular, but may also be polygonal, elliptical or oval, so that the exhaust pipe is more easily accommodated on motor vehicles.
  • the sealed chamber 16 is provided for thermally insulating the transverse plate 11, so that in the vicinity of this plate the temperature of the catalytic bed is sufficient for the gas oxidation reactions to start. It can be replaced by any other device, such as a covering layer on the outside of this plate made of a thermal insulation material.
  • the generators of the grids 6 and 8 may not be parallel to each other and the external grid may be cylindrical instead of having the frustoconical shape shown, which however has the advantage of reducing the dimensions of the tubular body 1.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
EP82401844A 1981-10-13 1982-10-07 Katalytische Abgasreinigungsanlage für eine Brennkraftmaschine Expired EP0077711B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82401844T ATE19675T1 (de) 1981-10-13 1982-10-07 Katalytische abgasreinigungsanlage fuer eine brennkraftmaschine.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8119373 1981-10-13
FR8119373A FR2514413B1 (fr) 1981-10-13 1981-10-13 Pot catalytique pour l'epuration des gaz d'echappement d'un moteur a combustion interne

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0077711A1 true EP0077711A1 (de) 1983-04-27
EP0077711B1 EP0077711B1 (de) 1986-05-07

Family

ID=9263052

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82401844A Expired EP0077711B1 (de) 1981-10-13 1982-10-07 Katalytische Abgasreinigungsanlage für eine Brennkraftmaschine

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4457895A (de)
EP (1) EP0077711B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS58197414A (de)
KR (1) KR890001728B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE19675T1 (de)
AU (1) AU564771B2 (de)
DE (1) DE3271029D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2514413B1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2236690A (en) * 1989-09-28 1991-04-17 * Rover Group Limited A catalytic converter
GB2249039A (en) * 1990-10-23 1992-04-29 Kevin John Rushbrook Exhaust gas treatment

Families Citing this family (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3731688A1 (de) * 1987-09-21 1989-03-30 Degussa Verfahren zur katalytischen umsetzung von kohlenwasserstoff, halogenkohlenwasserstoff und kohlenmonoxid enthaltenden abgasen
US4876072A (en) * 1988-05-16 1989-10-24 Checki Edward T Catalytic converter with screen enclosure holding pellets under tension
US5165900A (en) * 1989-05-05 1992-11-24 Ufi, Inc. Moving bed gas/solids contact apparatus
JP2603033B2 (ja) * 1991-08-30 1997-04-23 ブリッグス アンド ストラットン コーポレイション 排気装置用マフラ
US5339629A (en) * 1993-03-05 1994-08-23 Briggs & Stratton Corporation External catalytic converter for small internal combustion engines
US5809776A (en) * 1996-07-29 1998-09-22 Outboard Marine Corporation Catalytic converter with radial outflow and by-pass valve
US6193935B1 (en) * 1998-08-13 2001-02-27 Muthan Subramanian Catalytic converter
GB2338660A (en) * 1998-06-24 1999-12-29 Aea Technology Plc Optimisation of flow in gas treatment reactors
DE19852960C1 (de) * 1998-11-17 2000-03-23 Dbb Fuel Cell Engines Gmbh Abgaskatalysator zur Nachverbrennung der Anodenabgase von Brennstoffzellensystemen
US20020159923A1 (en) * 2001-02-26 2002-10-31 Platvoet Erwin M.J. Gas phase reactor and process for reducing nitrogen oxide in a gas stream
US6663839B2 (en) * 2001-02-26 2003-12-16 Abb Lummus Global Inc. Radial flow gas phase reactor and method for reducing the nitrogen oxide content of a gas
US7574796B2 (en) 2002-10-28 2009-08-18 Geo2 Technologies, Inc. Nonwoven composites and related products and methods
US6946013B2 (en) 2002-10-28 2005-09-20 Geo2 Technologies, Inc. Ceramic exhaust filter
US7582270B2 (en) 2002-10-28 2009-09-01 Geo2 Technologies, Inc. Multi-functional substantially fibrous mullite filtration substrates and devices
US7572311B2 (en) 2002-10-28 2009-08-11 Geo2 Technologies, Inc. Highly porous mullite particulate filter substrate
US7682578B2 (en) 2005-11-07 2010-03-23 Geo2 Technologies, Inc. Device for catalytically reducing exhaust
US7451849B1 (en) 2005-11-07 2008-11-18 Geo2 Technologies, Inc. Substantially fibrous exhaust screening system for motor vehicles
US7211232B1 (en) 2005-11-07 2007-05-01 Geo2 Technologies, Inc. Refractory exhaust filtering method and apparatus
US7682577B2 (en) 2005-11-07 2010-03-23 Geo2 Technologies, Inc. Catalytic exhaust device for simplified installation or replacement
US7444805B2 (en) 2005-12-30 2008-11-04 Geo2 Technologies, Inc. Substantially fibrous refractory device for cleaning a fluid
US7722828B2 (en) 2005-12-30 2010-05-25 Geo2 Technologies, Inc. Catalytic fibrous exhaust system and method for catalyzing an exhaust gas
US7563415B2 (en) * 2006-03-03 2009-07-21 Geo2 Technologies, Inc Catalytic exhaust filter device
NL2008611C2 (nl) * 2012-04-05 2013-10-09 Mooij Agro B V Inrichting voor het aan een gasstroom onderwerpen van producten, bijvoorbeeld ten behoeve van een droog- of vries-procédé.
US8747788B1 (en) 2013-01-25 2014-06-10 Caterpillar Inc. Aftertreatment module having angled catalyst bank
WO2018160078A1 (es) * 2017-03-02 2018-09-07 Coquis Sanchez Concha Rodrigo Sistema mecánico de fluidos para la optimización del funcionamiento de aleaciones catalíticas para la mejora de propiedades y la eliminación de contaminantes microbiológicos en combustibles hidrocarburos

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1299792A (fr) * 1960-07-22 1962-07-27 American Cyanamid Co Pot d'échappement catalytique
US3594131A (en) * 1969-11-10 1971-07-20 Universal Oil Prod Co Catalytic converter
FR2198536A5 (de) * 1972-08-31 1974-03-29 Knapsack Ag
DE2310843A1 (de) * 1973-03-05 1974-09-26 Zeuna Staerker Kg Schuettkatalysator
FR2270444A1 (en) * 1974-02-22 1975-12-05 Inst Francais Du Petrole Catalytic exhaust converter for I.C. engine - has annular conical catalyst space with end caps inclined to inlet flow
FR2373677A1 (fr) * 1976-12-09 1978-07-07 Hoechst Ag Dispositif destine a contenir un catalyseur granulaire

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2185584A (en) * 1940-01-02 Muffler
NL267408A (de) * 1960-07-22
US3197287A (en) * 1961-04-03 1965-07-27 American Cyanamid Co Catalytic converter
US3154388A (en) * 1962-09-07 1964-10-27 Universal Oil Prod Co Converter-muffler
FR2173398A5 (de) * 1972-02-22 1973-10-05 Inst Francais Du Petrole
US3824790A (en) * 1973-03-14 1974-07-23 Granlin Corp Catalytic exhaust purifier for diesel engines
DE2655750A1 (de) * 1976-12-09 1978-06-22 Hoechst Ag Vorrichtung zur aufnahme von koernigen katalysatoren
JPS53149112U (de) * 1977-04-28 1978-11-24

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1299792A (fr) * 1960-07-22 1962-07-27 American Cyanamid Co Pot d'échappement catalytique
US3594131A (en) * 1969-11-10 1971-07-20 Universal Oil Prod Co Catalytic converter
FR2198536A5 (de) * 1972-08-31 1974-03-29 Knapsack Ag
DE2310843A1 (de) * 1973-03-05 1974-09-26 Zeuna Staerker Kg Schuettkatalysator
FR2270444A1 (en) * 1974-02-22 1975-12-05 Inst Francais Du Petrole Catalytic exhaust converter for I.C. engine - has annular conical catalyst space with end caps inclined to inlet flow
FR2373677A1 (fr) * 1976-12-09 1978-07-07 Hoechst Ag Dispositif destine a contenir un catalyseur granulaire

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2236690A (en) * 1989-09-28 1991-04-17 * Rover Group Limited A catalytic converter
GB2249039A (en) * 1990-10-23 1992-04-29 Kevin John Rushbrook Exhaust gas treatment
GB2249039B (en) * 1990-10-23 1995-01-11 Kevin John Rushbrook Serviceable waste exhaust gas convertor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR890001728B1 (ko) 1989-05-19
US4457895A (en) 1984-07-03
JPS58197414A (ja) 1983-11-17
KR840002069A (ko) 1984-06-11
FR2514413B1 (fr) 1985-11-29
AU564771B2 (en) 1987-08-27
ATE19675T1 (de) 1986-05-15
EP0077711B1 (de) 1986-05-07
FR2514413A1 (fr) 1983-04-15
AU8927782A (en) 1983-04-21
DE3271029D1 (en) 1986-06-12
JPH0512526B2 (de) 1993-02-18

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