EP0077701A1 - Self supporting composite building element - Google Patents

Self supporting composite building element Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0077701A1
EP0077701A1 EP82401762A EP82401762A EP0077701A1 EP 0077701 A1 EP0077701 A1 EP 0077701A1 EP 82401762 A EP82401762 A EP 82401762A EP 82401762 A EP82401762 A EP 82401762A EP 0077701 A1 EP0077701 A1 EP 0077701A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
profiles
bodies
element according
skin
building element
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP82401762A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean Langevin
Georges Revolte
Claude Lejeune
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Construction Durafour Dite Ste Ste
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Construction Durafour Dite Ste Ste
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Publication of EP0077701A1 publication Critical patent/EP0077701A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/20—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of plastics
    • E04C2/205—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of plastics of foamed plastics, or of plastics and foamed plastics, optionally reinforced

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to the prefabricated construction elements used for the construction of different kinds of buildings and it relates more particularly to a composite construction element of the cellular plastic type having metallic reinforcing elements.
  • construction elements are usually composite panels comprising a cellular core of foam material coated for example with a reinforced skin by means of reinforcing elements incorporated therein for example, as described in French patent n ° 1 206 284 which for object a building panel having a cellular foam core coated on both sides with a resistant metal sheet coated with synthetic resin which can itself be loaded and in which all the materials participate in the resumption of forces.
  • Porous lightweight concrete panels are also used, as described in U.S. Patent 2,850,890 having a coating of synthetic resin reinforced with fibers and metal rebar.
  • the aim of the present invention is to produce a self-supporting composite construction element which can be used for the construction of buildings of geometric shapes, for example, pyramidal or parallelepipedal, or in the form of solids of revolution, such as domes, domes, cylinders, or other non-regular shapes by assembling a certain number of identical or different elements adapted to constitute at the same time the frame, or supporting framework, by ensuring the bracing of this one, the closing and the covering of the building .
  • the subject of the invention is for this purpose a composite construction element of the type comprising a body of a foam synthetic material coated with a skin of a plastic material of a different nature and comprising metal reinforcing members, characterized in that it comprises at least two spaced-apart carrier elements each consisting of a metal or other profile entirely contained in a body of cellular plastic material, these carrier profiles being arranged parallel or not and connected together by a web formed by a sandwich formed from a plastic material cellular of identical or different nature to that coating the profiles and of a relatively hard plastic skin, glued, which also envelops the bodies containing the profiles, and assembly means being provided at the ends of said support profiles.
  • the building element according to the invention shown diagrammatically in FIG. 1 has in section the shape of a U having two parallel branches 1a, 1b which are connected by their lower edges by means of a planar web 2.
  • the two wings 1a, 1b being identical, only one will be described.
  • the wing shown in FIG. 2 comprises a metal support profile 3 which, in this example, consists of a vertically disposed iron I, which is enclosed in a body 4 made of a foam synthetic material, preferably a flame resistant phenolic foam.
  • the body 4 is preferably formed of at least two blocks of material machined in shape between which the profile) 3 is disposed without connection. This body 4 is connected along one of its end edges to the end edge of the corresponding wing lb identical opposite al using a web consisting of a plate 5 in a cellular synthetic material, preferably a polyvinyl chloride foam also flame resistant but having good mechanical properties and thermal insulation.
  • the assembly constituted by the bodies 4 and the veil 5 is kept assembled by means of an envelope or skin 6 which is constituted for example by a laminate of glass fibers and polyester resin bonded by polymerization to the cellular materials of the veil and bodies in order to constitute with them a composite sandwich element.
  • This skin is applied by conventional molding methods for example, by means of two half-molds in which the skin is first formed and in one of which the blocks of material are arranged comprising the metal support profiles and the veil , and that one applies to the other to ensure the establishment of all the elements as well as the bonding of the skin on the whole of the element.
  • the metallic support profile 3 preferably comprises an anti-corrosion coating 7 of any type which may be galvanization, metallization, enameling, painting or coating of a synthetic protective resin.
  • Figs. 3A and 3B are views similar to those of FIG. 2 showing two exemplary embodiments in which the supporting sections 8 and 9 have sections of different shapes, for example inverted or tubular enC.
  • each metal support profile do not protrude beyond the skin 6 of the body 4 of sandwich material in which it is enclosed and are preferably covered by this skin, for certain applications they can however be discovered.
  • these fixing and / or connecting means consist of a metal plate 10 or gusset plate which is fixed for example, welded laterally on two corresponding edges of the iron I, the arrangement being such that each plate 10 is immediately adjacent to the skin 6 which envelops the entire element, inside of it.
  • Each plate 10 has several tapped holes 11 which are drilled in the plate through the skin 6.
  • FIG. 4 also shows an example of connection of two self-supporting construction elements according to the invention, end to end, according to which a connecting member designated as a whole is used to connect the ends of the support profiles 3, 3 ′ of the two elements by the reference 12 and which is advantageously constituted by a metal plate which may have two parallel flanges 13 whose spacing corresponds to the height of the wings la and la 'and which is pierced with holes 14 at points which correspond to the holes 11 of the plates 10, 10 'when the elements are in end-to-end contact. It then suffices to introduce screws (not shown) into the holes 11, 11 'tapped on the plates 10 and 10' through the holes 14 and tighten the assembly.
  • end of a building element according to the invention can be fixed for example on a concrete foundation, vertically, using a simple metal bracket (not shown) having in one of its wings holes corresponding to the holes 11 of the plates 10 and the other wing of which can be fixed to studs embedded in the foundation.
  • Fig. 5 shows another embodiment of a construction element according to the invention, this element having the shape of a portion of a spherical sector and being intended for the construction of a building having as a whole the shape of a dome, or spherical cap.
  • This construction element is produced in an identical manner to that described in the previous example, the only difference being that the load-bearing metal sections are not parallel and have identical curvatures so that the edge-to-edge connection of a number of identical elements constitutes a spherical cap.
  • the construction element according to the invention can also have in section the shape of an H, that is to say that the web 5 connecting the wings 1A and 1B can also be attached the latter at an intermediate point of the width of these wings.
  • the construction elements according to the invention are self-supporting, this property being conferred on them by the profiles contained in the wings and which support the loads and ensure the rigidity of the construction carried out.
  • the construction elements according to the invention allow the realization of many types of buildings without any framework or supporting structure, aPParente in a fast and simple way. Without: specialized labor and only using devices for the placement of the panels. For this purpose, hooking members can be used which can be screwed into the threaded holes 11 at the ends of the support profiles.
  • the fixing means can, if desired, be constituted by tapped holes formed directly in one of the lateral parts of the profile which is located adjacent to, or very close to the skin 6, below the latter in each wing of the element.
  • the plates or gussets 10 can be welded to the profile by means of supports of suitable shape in a manner well known to technicians.
  • the cellular material of the body 4 containing the profiles 3 is a foam having high fire resistance properties, -ses mechanical properties is relatively less important.
  • the cellular material constituting the core of the sandwich forming the veils must, on the other hand, have in addition to good mechanical resistance properties, good thermal insulation properties as well as, of course, fire resistance properties satisfying safety standards in force.
  • plastic material reinforced or not, constituting the skin of the sandwich material, for example a polyester resin, can be tinted in order to provide a decorative effect.
  • a polyester resin for example a polyester resin
  • the cellular material constituting the wings and the veil may be the same provided that the material used has the desired properties.
  • the elements according to the invention can, of course, comprise more than two support profiles embedded in bodies made of cellular material linked together by webs and the assembly being coated with the skin, thus constituting a sandwich material.
  • FIG. 6 There is shown in FIG. 6 an alternative embodiment of a construction element according to the invention, more particularly suitable for being used for the construction of large buildings in which the construction elements may have to withstand significant stresses exerted in one direction transverse to the profiles enclosed in the lateral wings, in one direction or the other, that is to say tending to bring the profiles closer to one another (compressive stresses) or tending to move them apart from one other (tensile stress).
  • the element shown in FIG. 6 is of the type having an H section, symmetrical or not, in which the web 25 is connected to the wings 21A, 21B at any point of their width.
  • This element comprises a reinforcing member 30 adapted to withstand the tensile as well as compressive stresses, which can be constituted by a metal or other profile, having any cross-section in shape, embedded in the thickness of the web 25 and whose the ends are in contact with a lateral surface of each of the sections 23, to which can be fixed by any suitable means, for example by welding, bolting or the like.
  • the bodies made of cellular material between which the bearing profiles 23 and the veil 25 are enclosed are made up of separate blocks of different materials or of identical material and the assembly is wrapped and held by the skin 2 6.
  • the reinforcing member or members may be of a flexible nature but preferably relatively inextensible, for example a strip, a cable or the like.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)

Abstract

This element comprises at least two supporting members each consisting of a rolled metal bar (3), completely enclosed in a body (4) of cellular plastics material, these supporting bars (3) being arranged parallel or non-parallel and joined together by a web (2) consisting of a sandwich formed with a cellular plastics material (5) which may or may not be of the same kind as the material of the bodies (4) containing the bars (3) and with a skin (6) of a relatively hard plastics material, bonded and also enveloping the bodies (4) containing the bars, while means of assembly (10, 11) are provided at the ends of said supporting bars (3). <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne d'une façon générale les éléments de construction préfabriqués utilisés pour l'édification de différentes sortes de bâtiments et elle est plus particulièrement relative à un élément de construction composite du type en matière plastique cellulaire ayant des éléments de renforcement métalliques.The present invention relates generally to the prefabricated construction elements used for the construction of different kinds of buildings and it relates more particularly to a composite construction element of the cellular plastic type having metallic reinforcing elements.

On connaît déjà de nombreux types d'éléments de construction qui utilisent largement les possibilités étendues offertes par les matières plastiques, notamment les matières mousse et qui comportent des renforcements qui peuvent être constitués, soit par des matières plastiques d'une nature différente présentant une rigidité plus élevée, soit par des résines armées de fibres de verre, soit encore par des éléments métalliques divers.Numerous types of construction elements are already known which make wide use of the extended possibilities offered by plastics, in particular foam materials and which include reinforcements which may be formed either by plastics of a different nature having rigidity. higher, either by resins reinforced with glass fibers, or even by various metallic elements.

Ces éléments de construction sont habituellement des panneaux composites comprenant une âme cellulaire en matière mousse revêtue par exemple d'une peau armée au moyen d'éléments de renforcement qui lui sont incorporés par exemple, comme décrit au brevet français n°1 206 284 qui a pour objet un panneau de construction ayant une âme cellulaire en mousse revêtue sur ses deux faces d'une nappe métallique résistante enrobée de résine synthétique pouvant être elle-même chargée et dans lesquels tous les matériaux participent à la reprise des efforts.These construction elements are usually composite panels comprising a cellular core of foam material coated for example with a reinforced skin by means of reinforcing elements incorporated therein for example, as described in French patent n ° 1 206 284 which for object a building panel having a cellular foam core coated on both sides with a resistant metal sheet coated with synthetic resin which can itself be loaded and in which all the materials participate in the resumption of forces.

On utilise également des panneaux en béton léger poreux, comme décrit au brevet U.S. 2 850 890 comportant un revêtement en résine synthétique armée de fibres et de barres d'armature en métal.Porous lightweight concrete panels are also used, as described in U.S. Patent 2,850,890 having a coating of synthetic resin reinforced with fibers and metal rebar.

Dans tous les cas on utilise les propriétés des matières synthétiques pour réaliser des éléments de construction légers, résistants, faciles à manipuler et d'une fabrication peu coûteuse.In all cases, the properties of synthetic materials are used to produce light, resistant, easy to handle and inexpensive construction elements.

La plupart de ces éléments sont utilisés dans des constructions classiques en tant que murs, cloisons, dalles ou autres, rapportés à une charpente, ou autre ossature rigide porteuse.Most of these elements are used in conventional constructions as walls, partitions, slabs or the like, attached to a frame, or other rigid load-bearing framework.

La présente invention a pour but de réaliser un élément de construction composite autoportant pouvant être utilisé pour l'édification de bâtiments de formes géométriques, par exemple, pyramidale ou parallélépipédique, ou en forme de solides de révolution, tels que des dômes, des coupoles, des cylindres, ou autres formes non régulières par assemblage d'un certain nombre d'éléments identiques ou différents adaptés pour constituer à la fois la charpente, ou ossature porteuse, en assurant le contreventement de celle-ci, la fermeture et la couverture du bâtiment.The aim of the present invention is to produce a self-supporting composite construction element which can be used for the construction of buildings of geometric shapes, for example, pyramidal or parallelepipedal, or in the form of solids of revolution, such as domes, domes, cylinders, or other non-regular shapes by assembling a certain number of identical or different elements adapted to constitute at the same time the frame, or supporting framework, by ensuring the bracing of this one, the closing and the covering of the building .

L'invention a pour objet à cet effet un élément de construction composite du type comprenant un corps en une matière synthétique mousse enrobée d'une peau en une matière plastique de nature différente et comportant des organes métalliques de renforcement, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend au moins deux éléments porteurs espacés constitués chacun par un profilé métallique ou autre entièrement contenu dans un corps en matière plastique cellulaire, ces profilés porteurs étant disposés parallèles ou non et reliés entre eux par un voile constitué par un sandwich formé d'une matière plastique cellulaire de nature identique ou différente de celle enrobant les profilés et d'une peau relativement dure en matière plastique, collée, qui enveloppe également les corps contenant les profilés, et des moyens d'assemblage étant prévus aux extrémités desdits profilés porteurs.The subject of the invention is for this purpose a composite construction element of the type comprising a body of a foam synthetic material coated with a skin of a plastic material of a different nature and comprising metal reinforcing members, characterized in that it comprises at least two spaced-apart carrier elements each consisting of a metal or other profile entirely contained in a body of cellular plastic material, these carrier profiles being arranged parallel or not and connected together by a web formed by a sandwich formed from a plastic material cellular of identical or different nature to that coating the profiles and of a relatively hard plastic skin, glued, which also envelops the bodies containing the profiles, and assembly means being provided at the ends of said support profiles.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront au cours de la description qui va suivre faite en se référant au dessin annexé donné uniquement à titre d'exemple et dans le quel :

  • - la Fig. 1 est une vue schématique en perspective d'un mode de réalisation d'un élément de construction suivant l'invention, constitué par un panneau ayant en section une forme en U ;
  • - la Fig. 2 est une vue partielle à plus grande échelle et en section de l'une des ailes de l'élément en U contenant un profilé porteur et montrant une partie du matériau sandwich constituant le voile reliant les deux ailes de l'élément ;
  • - les Fig. 3A et 3B sont deux vues schématiques analogues à celles de la Fig. 2 montrant d'autres types de profilés pouvant être utilisés suivant l'invention ;
  • - la Fig. 4 est une vue partielle en perspective montrant les moyens de fixation prévus aux extrémités des profilés porteurs ainsi qu'un organe de liaison adapté pour réunir deux éléments suivant l'invention ; bout à bout ;
  • - la Fig. 5 est une vue en perspective d'un élément suivant l'invention ayant la forme d'une partie de secteur sphérique, adapté pour réaliser une construction en forme de dôme.
  • la Fig. 6 montre une variante comportant un organe de renforcement transversal.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will become apparent during the description which follows, made with reference to the appended drawing given solely by way of example and in which:
  • - Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a building element according to the invention, consisting of a panel having a U-shaped section;
  • - Fig. 2 is a partial view on a larger scale and in section of one of the wings of the U-shaped element containing a support profile and showing part of the sandwich material constituting the web connecting the two wings of the element;
  • - Figs. 3A and 3B are two schematic views similar to those of FIG. 2 showing other types of profiles which can be used according to the invention;
  • - Fig. 4 is a partial perspective view showing the fixing means provided at the ends of the support profiles and a connecting member adapted to join two elements according to the invention; end to end ;
  • - Fig. 5 is a perspective view of an element according to the invention having the shape of a part of a spherical sector, suitable for producing a dome-shaped construction.
  • Fig. 6 shows a variant comprising a transverse reinforcement member.

L'élément de construction suivant l'invention représenté schématiquement à la Fig. 1 présente en section la forme d'un U ayant deux branches parallèles la, lb qui sont reliées par leurs bords inférieurs au moyen d'un voile plan 2.The building element according to the invention shown diagrammatically in FIG. 1 has in section the shape of a U having two parallel branches 1a, 1b which are connected by their lower edges by means of a planar web 2.

Les deux ailes la, lb étant identiques il n'en sera décrit qu'une seule.The two wings 1a, 1b being identical, only one will be described.

L'aile représentée à la Fig. 2 comprend un profilé porteur métallique 3 qui, dans cet exemple, est constitué par un fer à I disposé verticalement, qui est enfermé dans un corps 4 en une matière synthétique mousse, de préférence en une mousse phénolique résistant aux flammes.The wing shown in FIG. 2 comprises a metal support profile 3 which, in this example, consists of a vertically disposed iron I, which is enclosed in a body 4 made of a foam synthetic material, preferably a flame resistant phenolic foam.

Le corps 4 est de préférence formé d'au moins deux blocs de matière usinés en forme entre lesquels le profilé ) 3 est disposé sans liaison. Ce corps 4 est relié le long de l'un de ses bords d'extrémité au bord d'extrémité correspondant de l'aile lb, identique opposée al moyen d'un voile constitué d'une plaque 5 en une matière synthétique cellulaire, de préférence une mousse de polychlorure de vinyle également résistante aux flammes mais présentant de bonnes propriétés mécaniques et d'isolation thermique.The body 4 is preferably formed of at least two blocks of material machined in shape between which the profile) 3 is disposed without connection. This body 4 is connected along one of its end edges to the end edge of the corresponding wing lb identical opposite al using a web consisting of a plate 5 in a cellular synthetic material, preferably a polyvinyl chloride foam also flame resistant but having good mechanical properties and thermal insulation.

L'ensemble constitué par les corps 4 et le voile 5 est maintenu assemblé au moyen d'une enveloppe ou peau 6 qui est constituée par exemple par un stratifié de fibres de verre et de résine polyester collé par polymérisation sur les matières cellulaires du voile et des corps afin de constituer avec celles-ci un élément composite sandwich. Cette peau est appliquée au moyen des procédés classiques de moulage par exemple, au moyen de deux demi moules dans lesquels on forme tout d'abord la peau et dans l'un desquels on dispose les blocs de matière comprenant les profilés porteurs métalliques et le voile, et qu'on applique l'un sur l'autre pour assurer la mise en place de tous les éléments ainsi que le collage de la peau sur l'ensemble de l'élément.The assembly constituted by the bodies 4 and the veil 5 is kept assembled by means of an envelope or skin 6 which is constituted for example by a laminate of glass fibers and polyester resin bonded by polymerization to the cellular materials of the veil and bodies in order to constitute with them a composite sandwich element. This skin is applied by conventional molding methods for example, by means of two half-molds in which the skin is first formed and in one of which the blocks of material are arranged comprising the metal support profiles and the veil , and that one applies to the other to ensure the establishment of all the elements as well as the bonding of the skin on the whole of the element.

Le profilé porteur métallique 3 comporte de préférence un revêtement anti corrosion 7 d'un type quelconque qui peut être une galvanisation, une métallisation, un émaillage, une peinture ou un revêtement d'une résine synthétique de protection.The metallic support profile 3 preferably comprises an anti-corrosion coating 7 of any type which may be galvanization, metallization, enameling, painting or coating of a synthetic protective resin.

Les Fig. 3A et 3B sont des vues analogues à celles de la Fig. 2 montrant deux exemples de réalisation dans les quels les profilés porteurs 8 et 9 ont des sections de formes différentes par exemple enC inversé ou tubulaire.Figs. 3A and 3B are views similar to those of FIG. 2 showing two exemplary embodiments in which the supporting sections 8 and 9 have sections of different shapes, for example inverted or tubular enC.

On comprend bien entendu qu'on peut utiliser des profilés métalliques ayant en section toute forme appropriée par exemple, tubulaire en X ou autre. Les exemples représentés n'étant donnés qu'à titre indicatif et non limitatif.It is understood of course that it is possible to use metal profiles having in section any suitable shape for example, tubular in X or other. The examples shown are given for information only and are not limitative.

Les extrémités de chaque profilé porteur métallique ne font pas saillie au-delà de la peau 6 du corps 4 en matériau sandwich dans lequel il est enfermé et sont de préférence couvertes par cette peau, pour certaines applications elles peuvent cependant être découvertes.The ends of each metal support profile do not protrude beyond the skin 6 of the body 4 of sandwich material in which it is enclosed and are preferably covered by this skin, for certain applications they can however be discovered.

Pour assembler les éléments entre eux ou les fixer sur des supports, par exemple sur des fondations, il est prévu des moyens de fixation et/ou de liaison aux extrémités des profilés de chaque élément.To assemble the elements together or fix them on supports, for example on foundations, means are provided for fixing and / or connecting the ends of the profiles of each element.

Suivant le mode de réalisation représenté à la Fig. 4, ces moyens de fixation et/ou de liaison sont constitués par une plaque métallique 10 ou gousset qui est fixée par exemple, soudée latéralement sur deux bords correspondants du fer à I, l'agencement étant tel que chaque plaque 10 est immédiatement adjacente à la peau 6 qui enveloppe l'ensemble de l'élément, à l'intérieur de celui-ci. Chaque plaque 10 comporte plusieurs trous taraudés 11 qui sont forés dans la plaque à travers la peau 6. La Fig. 4 montre également un exemple de liaison de deux éléments de construction au- toportants suivant l'invention, bout à bout, suivant lequel on utilise pour relier les extrémités des profilés porteurs 3, 3' des deux éléments un organe de liaison désigné dans son ensemble par la référence 12 et qui est avantageusement constitué par une plaque métallique pouvant présenter deux rebords parallèles 13 dont l'écartement correspond à la hauteur des ailes la et la' et qui est percée de trous 14 en des points qui correspondent aux trous 11 des plaques 10, 10' lorsque les éléments sont en contact bout à bout. Il suffit alors d'introduire des vis (non représentées) dans les trous 11, 11' taraudés des plaques 10 et 10' à travers les trous 14 et de serrer l'ensemble.According to the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, these fixing and / or connecting means consist of a metal plate 10 or gusset plate which is fixed for example, welded laterally on two corresponding edges of the iron I, the arrangement being such that each plate 10 is immediately adjacent to the skin 6 which envelops the entire element, inside of it. Each plate 10 has several tapped holes 11 which are drilled in the plate through the skin 6. FIG. 4 also shows an example of connection of two self-supporting construction elements according to the invention, end to end, according to which a connecting member designated as a whole is used to connect the ends of the support profiles 3, 3 ′ of the two elements by the reference 12 and which is advantageously constituted by a metal plate which may have two parallel flanges 13 whose spacing corresponds to the height of the wings la and la 'and which is pierced with holes 14 at points which correspond to the holes 11 of the plates 10, 10 'when the elements are in end-to-end contact. It then suffices to introduce screws (not shown) into the holes 11, 11 'tapped on the plates 10 and 10' through the holes 14 and tighten the assembly.

On comprend également que l'extrémité d'un élément de construction suivant l'invention peut être fixée par exemple sur une fondation en béton, verticalement, en utilisant une simple équerre métallique (non représentée) comportant dans l'une de ses ailes des trous correspondant aux trous 11 des plaques 10 et dont l'autre aile peut être fixée sur des goujons noyés dans la fondation.It is also understood that the end of a building element according to the invention can be fixed for example on a concrete foundation, vertically, using a simple metal bracket (not shown) having in one of its wings holes corresponding to the holes 11 of the plates 10 and the other wing of which can be fixed to studs embedded in the foundation.

La Fig. 5 montre une autre forme de réalisation d'un élément de construction suivant l'invention, cet élément ayant la forme d'une portion de secteur sphérique et étant destiné à l'édification d'un bâtiment ayant dans son ensemble la forme d'une coupole, ou calotte sphérique.Fig. 5 shows another embodiment of a construction element according to the invention, this element having the shape of a portion of a spherical sector and being intended for the construction of a building having as a whole the shape of a dome, or spherical cap.

Cet élément de construction est réalisé de façon identique à celle décrite dans l'exemple précédent, la seule différence consistant en ce que les profilés métalliques porteurs ne sont pas parallèles et présentent des courbures identiques de façon que l'assemblage bord à bord d'un certain nombre d'éléments identiques constitue une calotte sphérique.This construction element is produced in an identical manner to that described in the previous example, the only difference being that the load-bearing metal sections are not parallel and have identical curvatures so that the edge-to-edge connection of a number of identical elements constitutes a spherical cap.

Il est évident que l'invention n'est pas limitée à ces formes d'éléments de construction qui peuvent également être réalisés de façon à permettre la construction de pyramides, de cones, de cylindres ou autres formes géométriques.It is obvious that the invention is not limited to these forms of construction elements which can also be made so as to allow the construction of pyramids, cones, cylinders or other geometric shapes.

On comprend que sous toutes ses formes, l'élément de construction suivant l'invention peut également présenter en section la forme d'un H, c'est à dire que le voile 5 reliant-les ailes 1A et 1B peut également être fixé à ces dernières en un point intermédiaire de la largeur de ces ailes.It is understood that in all its forms, the construction element according to the invention can also have in section the shape of an H, that is to say that the web 5 connecting the wings 1A and 1B can also be attached the latter at an intermediate point of the width of these wings.

Les éléments de construction suivant l'invention sont auto portants, cette propriété leur étant conférée par les profilés contenus dans les ailes et qui supportent les charges et assurent la rigidité de la construction réalisée.The construction elements according to the invention are self-supporting, this property being conferred on them by the profiles contained in the wings and which support the loads and ensure the rigidity of the construction carried out.

En conséquence, les éléments de construction suivant l'invention permettent la réalisation de nombreux types de bâtiments sans aucune ossature ou charpente de soutènement, aPParente de façon rapide et simple.sans:main d'oeuvre spécialisée et seulement à l'aide d'appareils de levage pour.la mise en place des panneaux. Dans ce but on peut utiliser des organes d'accrochage qui peuvent être vissés dans les trous taraudés 11 aux extrémités des profilés porteurs.Consequently, the construction elements according to the invention allow the realization of many types of buildings without any framework or supporting structure, aPParente in a fast and simple way. Without: specialized labor and only using devices for the placement of the panels. For this purpose, hooking members can be used which can be screwed into the threaded holes 11 at the ends of the support profiles.

On comprend également que dans le cas d'utilisation de profilés métalliques de section en H ou en U, les moyens de fixation peuvent, si on le désire, être constitués par des trous taraudés ménagés directement dans l'une des parties latérales du profilé qui se trouve adjacente, ou très voisine de la peau 6, au-dessous de celle-ci dans chaque aile de l'élément. Dans le cas de profilés de forme tubulaire, les plaques ou goussets 10 peuvent être soudés sur le profilé au moyen de supports de forme appropriée d'une façon bien connue des techniciens.It is also understood that in the case of use of metal profiles of H or U section, the fixing means can, if desired, be constituted by tapped holes formed directly in one of the lateral parts of the profile which is located adjacent to, or very close to the skin 6, below the latter in each wing of the element. In the case of tubular profiles, the plates or gussets 10 can be welded to the profile by means of supports of suitable shape in a manner well known to technicians.

La matière cellulaire constituant le corps 4 contenant les profilés 3 est une mousse présentant des propriétés élevées de résistance au feu, -ses' propriétés mécaniques étant relativement moins importantes.The cellular material of the body 4 containing the profiles 3 is a foam having high fire resistance properties, -ses mechanical properties is relatively less important.

La matière cellulaire constituant l'âme du sandwich formant les voiles doit, par contre, présenter outre de bonnes propriétés de résistance mécanique, de bonnes propriétés d'isolation thermique ainsi que, bien entendu dés propriétés de résistance au feu satisfaisant aux normes de sécurité en vigueur.The cellular material constituting the core of the sandwich forming the veils must, on the other hand, have in addition to good mechanical resistance properties, good thermal insulation properties as well as, of course, fire resistance properties satisfying safety standards in force.

On remarquera également que la matière plastique, armée ou non, constituant la peau du matériau sandwich, par exemple une résine polyester , peut être teintée afin de procurer un effet décoratif.(gelcoat)It will also be noted that the plastic material, reinforced or not, constituting the skin of the sandwich material, for example a polyester resin, can be tinted in order to provide a decorative effect. (Gelcoat)

Enfin, la matière cellulaire constituant les ailes et le voile peut être la même pour autant que la matière utilisée présente les propriétés désirées.Finally, the cellular material constituting the wings and the veil may be the same provided that the material used has the desired properties.

Les éléments selon l'invention peuvent, bien entendu, comporter plus de deux profilés porteurs noyés dans des corps en matière cellulaire reliés entre eux par des voiles et l'ensemble étant revêtu de la peau, constituant ainsi un matériau sandwich.The elements according to the invention can, of course, comprise more than two support profiles embedded in bodies made of cellular material linked together by webs and the assembly being coated with the skin, thus constituting a sandwich material.

On a représenté à la Fig. 6 une variante de réalisation d'un élément de construction suivant l'invention, plus particulièrement adapté pour être utilisé pour l'édification de bâtiments de grandes dimensions dans lesquelles les éléments de construction peuvent avoir à supporter des contraintes importantes s'exerçant dans une direction transversale aux profilés enfermés dans les ailes latérales, dans un sens ou dans l'autre c'est à dire tendant à rapprocher les profilés l'un de l'autre (contraintes de compression) ou tendant à les éloigner l'un de l'autre (contraintes de traction).There is shown in FIG. 6 an alternative embodiment of a construction element according to the invention, more particularly suitable for being used for the construction of large buildings in which the construction elements may have to withstand significant stresses exerted in one direction transverse to the profiles enclosed in the lateral wings, in one direction or the other, that is to say tending to bring the profiles closer to one another (compressive stresses) or tending to move them apart from one other (tensile stress).

L'élément représenté à la Fig. 6 est du type ayant une section en H, symétrique ou non, dans lequel le voile 25 est relié aux ailes 21A, 21B en un point quelconque de leur largeur.The element shown in FIG. 6 is of the type having an H section, symmetrical or not, in which the web 25 is connected to the wings 21A, 21B at any point of their width.

Cet élément comprend un organe de renforcement 30 adapté pour supporter les contraintes de traction aussi bien que de compression, qui peut être constitué par un profilé en métal ou autre, ayant en section une forme quelconque, noyé dans l'épaisseur du voile 25 et dont les extrémités sont en contact avec une surface latérale de chacun des profilés 23, sur laquelle peuvent être fixées par un moyen quelconque approprié, par exemple par soudage, boulonnage ou autre.This element comprises a reinforcing member 30 adapted to withstand the tensile as well as compressive stresses, which can be constituted by a metal or other profile, having any cross-section in shape, embedded in the thickness of the web 25 and whose the ends are in contact with a lateral surface of each of the sections 23, to which can be fixed by any suitable means, for example by welding, bolting or the like.

Comme dans les autres modes de réalisat ion, les corps en matière cellulaire entre lesquels sont enfermés les profilés porteurs 23 et le voile 25 sont constitués de blocs séparés en matières différentes ou en matière identique et l'ensemble est enveloppé et maintenu par la peau 2 6.As in the other embodiments, the bodies made of cellular material between which the bearing profiles 23 and the veil 25 are enclosed are made up of separate blocks of different materials or of identical material and the assembly is wrapped and held by the skin 2 6.

Dans ce mode de réalisation il peut être prévu soit un seul profilé 30 reliant les profilés porteurs 23 ou un point quelconque intermédiaire sur leur longueur, soit plusieurs répartis sur cette longueur, régulièrement ou non.In this embodiment, there may be provided either a single section 30 connecting the support sections 23 or any intermediate point along their length, or several distributed over this length, regularly or not.

Dans le cas où on utilise par exemple deux profilés 30, ou plusieurs paires de ces profilés, ceux-ci peutvent être disposés en diagonale et entrecroisés entre les profilés porteurs.In the case where two profiles 30 are used, for example, or several pairs of these profiles, these may be available. diagonally intersected between the load-bearing profiles.

Enfin, dans le cas d'éléments devant supporter uniquement des contraintes de traction, le ou les organes de renforcement peuvent être de nature souple mais de préférence relativement inextensible, par exemple un feuillard, un câble ou autre.Finally, in the case of elements having to withstand only tensile stresses, the reinforcing member or members may be of a flexible nature but preferably relatively inextensible, for example a strip, a cable or the like.

Claims (9)

1 - Elément de construction composite du type comprenant un corps en une matière synthétique mousse enrobée d'une peau ou d'une matière plastique de nature différente et comportant des organes métalliques de renforcement, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend au moins deux organes porteurs espacés constitués chacun par un profilé métallique ou autre (3), entièrement enfermé dans un corps (4) en matière plastique cellulaire, ces profilés porteurs (3) étant disposés parallèles ou non et les corps étant reliés par un voile (2) constitué par un sandwich formé d'une matière plastique cellulaire (5) de nature identique ou différente de la matière des corps (4) contenant les profilés (3), et d'une peau (6) en une matière plastique relativement dure, collée et qui enveloppe également les corps (4) contenant les profilés, des moyens d'assemblage (10, 11) étant prévus aux extrémités desdits profilés porteurs (3).1 - Composite building element of the type comprising a body of a foam synthetic material coated with a skin or a plastic material of a different nature and comprising metallic reinforcing members, characterized in that it comprises at least two supporting members spaced apart each formed by a metal or other profile (3), entirely enclosed in a body (4) of cellular plastic material, these support profiles (3) being arranged parallel or not and the bodies being connected by a web (2) constituted by a sandwich formed of a cellular plastic material (5) of identical or different nature from the material of the bodies (4) containing the profiles (3), and of a skin (6) of a relatively hard plastic material, bonded and which also envelops the bodies (4) containing the profiles, assembly means (10, 11) being provided at the ends of said support profiles (3). 2 - Elément de construction suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que lesdits profilés (3) ont en section une forme quelconque et sont disposés à l'intérieur des corps (4) sans liaison avec ceux-ci.2 - Building element according to claim 1, characterized in that said sections (3) have any shape in section and are arranged inside the bodies (4) without connection therewith. 3 - Elément de construction suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que lesdits corps (4) contenant les profilés porteurs (3) et le voile (2) reliant les corps (4) sont formés de blocs de matière séparés maintenus par ladite peau (6).3 - Building element according to claim 2, characterized in that said bodies (4) containing the support profiles (3) and the web (2) connecting the bodies (4) are formed from separate blocks of material held by said skin ( 6). 4 - Elément de construction suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens d'assemblage sont constitués par des trous taraudés (11) formés dans des plaques (10) fixées en des positions appropriées sur les profilés (3) et adjacentes à ladite peau (6). "4 - Construction element according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said assembly means consist of tapped holes (11) formed in plates (10) fixed in appropriate positions on the profiles ( 3) and adjacent to said skin (6). " 5 - Elément de construction suivant l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que lesdits profilés porteurs (3) ont une forme quelconque non rectiligne.5 - Construction element according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said support profiles (3) have any non-rectilinear shape. 6 - Elément de construction suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la matière cellulaire qui constitue les corps (4) contenant les profilés (3) présente des propriétés de résistance au feu.6 - Building element according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cellular material which constitutes the bodies (4) containing the profiles (3) has fire resistance properties. 7 - Elément de construction suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que lesdits profilés porteurs (3) comportent un revêtement anti corrosion (7).7 - Construction element according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said support profiles (3) comprise an anti-corrosion coating (7). 8 - Elément de construction suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les profilés ont en section une forme en C, tubulaire ou autre.8 - Building element according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the profiles have in section a C-shape, tubular or other. 9 - Elément suivant l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte au moins un organe de renforcement 30 reliant entre eux les profilés porteurs 23 et enfermés dans la matière cellulaire constituant le voile 25.9 - Element according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at least one reinforcing member 30 connecting together the support sections 23 and enclosed in the cellular material constituting the web 25.
EP82401762A 1981-10-05 1982-09-28 Self supporting composite building element Withdrawn EP0077701A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8118687 1981-10-05
FR8118687A FR2514056A1 (en) 1981-10-05 1981-10-05 SELF-SUPPORTING COMPOSITE CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT

Publications (1)

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EP0077701A1 true EP0077701A1 (en) 1983-04-27

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EP82401762A Withdrawn EP0077701A1 (en) 1981-10-05 1982-09-28 Self supporting composite building element

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EP (1) EP0077701A1 (en)
JP (1) JPS5883750A (en)
FR (1) FR2514056A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29909794U1 (en) * 1999-06-04 2000-10-19 Kunz, Georg, 88339 Bad Waldsee Plastic plate
KR101131769B1 (en) * 2010-02-04 2012-04-05 류제홍 Method for constructing abutment using concrete filled tube

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1251267A (en) * 1959-11-07 1961-01-20 Houilleres Bassin Du Nord Process for the manufacture of lightweight elements which can be used in particular in construction
FR1508202A (en) * 1966-11-18 1968-01-05 Honfleur Atels Chantiers Process for the manufacture of a composite building material and product obtained
FR2003281A1 (en) * 1968-03-05 1969-11-07 Metecno
FR2143796A2 (en) * 1971-06-28 1973-02-09 Camus Raymond

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1251267A (en) * 1959-11-07 1961-01-20 Houilleres Bassin Du Nord Process for the manufacture of lightweight elements which can be used in particular in construction
FR1508202A (en) * 1966-11-18 1968-01-05 Honfleur Atels Chantiers Process for the manufacture of a composite building material and product obtained
FR2003281A1 (en) * 1968-03-05 1969-11-07 Metecno
FR2143796A2 (en) * 1971-06-28 1973-02-09 Camus Raymond

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29909794U1 (en) * 1999-06-04 2000-10-19 Kunz, Georg, 88339 Bad Waldsee Plastic plate
KR101131769B1 (en) * 2010-02-04 2012-04-05 류제홍 Method for constructing abutment using concrete filled tube

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2514056A1 (en) 1983-04-08
FR2514056B1 (en) 1984-01-06
JPS5883750A (en) 1983-05-19

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