EP0074615A2 - Industrial furnace with air circulation for a thermal treatment process - Google Patents

Industrial furnace with air circulation for a thermal treatment process Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0074615A2
EP0074615A2 EP82108284A EP82108284A EP0074615A2 EP 0074615 A2 EP0074615 A2 EP 0074615A2 EP 82108284 A EP82108284 A EP 82108284A EP 82108284 A EP82108284 A EP 82108284A EP 0074615 A2 EP0074615 A2 EP 0074615A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
batch
furnace
industrial furnace
elements
air flow
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP82108284A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0074615A3 (en
Inventor
Horst Ing. Gillhaus (Grad.)
Fritz Dipl.-Ing. Hegewaldt
Wolfgang Faber
Jürgen Ing. Baer (grad.)
Ernst Dr. Dipl.-Ing. Toplak
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EON Ruhrgas AG
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BBC Brown Boveri AG Germany
Ruhrgas AG
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Application filed by BBC Brown Boveri AG Germany, Ruhrgas AG filed Critical BBC Brown Boveri AG Germany
Publication of EP0074615A2 publication Critical patent/EP0074615A2/en
Publication of EP0074615A3 publication Critical patent/EP0074615A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B17/00—Furnaces of a kind not covered by any preceding group
    • F27B17/0016—Chamber type furnaces
    • F27B17/0083—Chamber type furnaces with means for circulating the atmosphere
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • C21D1/767—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material with forced gas circulation; Reheating thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D7/00—Forming, maintaining, or circulating atmospheres in heating chambers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an industrial furnace with air circulation for heat treatment processes with high temperature uniformity within a batch to be treated, which is arranged or stacked with the aid of intermediate layers so that the circulated hot air thoroughly washed around the batch.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to improve the chamber furnace in such a way that an increase in the flow rate is possible while simultaneously shortening the heating time and reducing the temperature differences during the heating and during the annealing treatment.
  • the elements influencing the air flow become rigid or movable, e.g. arranged pivotable.
  • the elements influencing the air flow may be appropriate to adapt the elements influencing the air flow to the shape of the batch elements so that they practically represent a mirror element of the outer surface of the batch.
  • 1 to 6 show an embodiment of the invention.
  • the circulating air is forced through the batch from above. It should already be pointed out that the invention can also be applied to furnaces with longitudinal circulation of the air.
  • the batch 1 to be treated which is located in the treatment room 2, consists in the selected exemplary embodiment of cast or pressed round aluminum bars 3, as can be seen particularly in FIGS. 4 to 6, which, by means of a transport device (not shown), is placed on a grid frame arranged in the furnace 4 are discontinued.
  • the individual round aluminum bars 3 are stacked on the base 5, which is placed on the grid frame 4 or another support in the furnace by the transport device, in each case by inserting intermediate layers 6.
  • the gap 8 between the batch 1 which has been driven into the furnace for homogenization and removed from the furnace after the heat treatment and the fixed furnace inner walls 7 must be approximately 100 mm. Inaccurate mode of transport, tolerances in furnace construction, in the stacking of the goods to be treated. Deformations of the Furnace installations and expansions of the batch (in the exemplary embodiment shown there are thermal expansions of approximately 30 mm in width) require such a large gap. On the other hand, for economic reasons, the gap 9 between the individual aluminum ingots 3 should be considerably smaller than 100 mm, in the present case about 48 mm. These different gap sizes inevitably result in different flow resistances and thus also different flow velocities, and this means that the heat available on the side of the batch is considerably greater than in the batch itself.
  • the air flow velocity on the heating material is decisive. If a high temperature uniformity is also required during the heating process, it must be ensured that the air flow velocities on the individual workpieces are as equal as possible. In the chosen arrangement, with a space of low flow velocity in front of and behind the charge, this requires that the flow resistances for the airways lying parallel in the flow direction within the charge and between the charge and the furnace wall are approximately the same.
  • the distance between the wall and the side boundary of the stack of goods must not be less than a certain dimension.
  • the flow conditions on the door side and on the rear wall of the furnace are even more unfavorable.
  • the positioning of the batch is considerably more difficult and a gap 10 of approximately 200 mm on the rear wall and on the door side must be taken into account.
  • the linear expansion 12 of the aluminum round bars 3 is approximately 100 mm, which under certain circumstances can only occur on one side.
  • the door is usually equipped with a very complex and complicated opening kinematics.
  • a so-called backpack 11 is attached to the inside of the door in order to make the gap between the inside 29 of the door and the batch as small as possible.
  • the circulating air is pressed through the batch in the arrangement shown of four fans 13 and drawn in by an electric heating device 15 or a gas-operated heating device.
  • the treatment room 2 is separated from the fans 13 and the electric heater 15 only by an intermediate wall 14, which does not have to have an insulating effect.
  • the furnace housing consists, apart from the inner part of the side walls 7, of sufficient thermal insulation 16 and the outer furnace housing 17.
  • the air flow generated by the fans 13 is indicated by arrows 18.
  • the air stream emerging downward from batch 1 is fed back to the heating system by deflection parts 19, which are located below the batch.
  • the blowers 13 are driven by electric drive motors 20. In the upper part of the furnace there are also deflecting parts 21, which feed the air stream emerging from the blowers 13 to the batch 1.
  • the distance 23 should be approximately 100 mm, while approximately 50 mm were selected for the distance 24.
  • a scatter was achieved that the average flow velocities in these channels 23 and 9 differ by only about 5%, while without the flow-influencing internals at a distance of 100 mm between the furnace wall and the side of the batch, the flow velocities in this channel in Compared to that in the channels 9 between the rows of bolts is approximately 1.5 times.
  • the measure according to the invention thus amounts to an approximation of the mean flow velocities in the different channels, which results in an excellent homogenization in the heating behavior at the edge and in the middle of the batch due to the approximately equal heat transfer figures.
  • the elements are not fixedly arranged on the side wall, but the flaps 25, which are arranged in the manner of a louver, can be adjusted from the outside via a hydraulically or pneumatically rubbed cylinder 26 and a lever 27 after the batch has been moved into the furnace.
  • the flaps can also be adapted to the shape of the components of the batch, so that the same flow conditions as within the batch can be achieved here.
  • the flaps 25 be semicircular. On the end faces of the aluminum bars, however, it is more convenient to keep the flaps straight.
  • stops 28 are attached to the movable end of the flaps, which ensure a certain minimum gap.
  • the drive cylinder 26 is expediently spring-loaded, so that it can yield when the material to be treated is thermally expanded and the minimum gap is retained.
  • the elements in the gap must be arranged in such a way that they are perpendicular to the direction of flow of the air. For example, when the air is circulated lengthways, the elements must be arranged vertically.

Abstract

Industrieofen mit Luftumwälzung für Wärmebehandlungsverfahren mit einer höheren Strömungsgeschwindigkeit bei gleichzeitiger Verkürzung der Aufheizzeit und einer Verringerung der Temperaturdifferenzen im Ofen während des Aufheizens und während der Glühbehandlung durch in dem Raum zwischen der Charge und den Ofenwänden den Luftstrom beeinflussende Elemente (Hindernisse, Leitbleche oder dgl.), die starr oder beweglich z.B. verschwenkbar sein können und in manchen Fällen den Chargenelementen angepaßt sind, so daß sie praktisch ein Spiegelelement der äußeren Fläche der Charge darstellen.Industrial furnace with air circulation for heat treatment processes with a higher flow rate while simultaneously shortening the heating-up time and reducing the temperature differences in the furnace during heating and during the annealing treatment due to elements influencing the air flow in the space between the charge and the furnace walls (obstacles, baffles or the like). that are rigid or mobile eg can be pivoted and in some cases are adapted to the batch elements so that they practically represent a mirror element of the outer surface of the batch.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Industrieofen mit Luftumwälzung für Wärmebehandlungsverfahren mit hoher Temperaturgleichmäßigkeit innerhalb einer zu behandelnden Charge, die derart angeordnet oder mit Hilfe von Zwischenlagen so gestapelt ist, daß die umgewälzte heiße Luft die Charge allseitig gut umspült.The invention relates to an industrial furnace with air circulation for heat treatment processes with high temperature uniformity within a batch to be treated, which is arranged or stacked with the aid of intermediate layers so that the circulated hot air thoroughly washed around the batch.

Derartige Industrieöfen sind als Groß-Kammeröfen mit Luftumwälzung bekanntgeworden. (Vgl. BBC-Prospekt EO 4088 D - 1072.2.1). Durch leistungsfähige Luftumwälzaggregate und durch einen entsprechenden konstruktiven Aufbau der Öfen können kurze Aufheizzeiten und eine hohe Temperaturgleichmäßigkeit erreicht werden. Eine Erhöhung der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit zur Verkürzung der Aufheizzeit führt jedoch zu Übertemperaturen in der Charge, so daß eine Erhöhung der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit zur Verkürzung der Aufheizzeit und zur Verringerung der Temperaturdifferenzen während des Aufheizens und auch während der Glühbehandlung bei den bekannnten Öfen sich als nachteilig herausgestellt hat.Industrial furnaces of this type have become known as large-chamber furnaces with air circulation. (See BBC brochure EO 4088 D - 1072.2.1). Efficient air circulation units and a corresponding structural design of the ovens enable short heating-up times and high temperature uniformity. However, an increase in the flow rate to shorten the heating time leads to excess temperatures in the batch, so that an increase in the flow rate to shorten the heating time and to reduce the temperature differences during the heating and also during the annealing treatment in the known furnaces has proven to be disadvantageous.

Die Erfindung hat sich daher die Aufgabe gestellt, den Kammerofen derart zu verbessern, daß eine Erhöhung der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit möglich ist bei gleichzeitiger Verkürzung der Aufheizzeit und eine Verringerung der Temperaturdifferenzen während des Aufheizens und während der Glühbehandlung.The object of the invention is therefore to improve the chamber furnace in such a way that an increase in the flow rate is possible while simultaneously shortening the heating time and reducing the temperature differences during the heating and during the annealing treatment.

Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß der Erfindung dadurch gelöst, daß in dem Raum zwischen der Charge und den Ofenwänden den Luftstrom beeinflußende Elemente (Hindernisse, Leitbleche odgl.) angeordnet sind.This object is achieved according to the invention in that in the space between the charge and the furnace walls the air flow influencing elements (obstacles, baffles or the like.) Are arranged.

Durch,diese Anordnung von den Luftstrom beeinflußenden Elementen in dem Raum zwischen der Charge und den Ofenwänden wird erreicht, daß zu keiner Zeit an keiner Stelle Übertemperaturen in der Charge auftreten. Die Einhaltung der gewünschten Temperatur ist erforderlich, weil das Homogenisieren von Aluminium und Aluminiumlegierungen wird nur wenige °K unterhalb des Schmelzpunktes durchgeführt wird, so daß schon geringe Übertemperaturen schon Schäden hervorrufen würden.This arrangement of elements influencing the air flow in the space between the charge and the furnace walls means that there is never any overtemperature in the charge at any point. It is necessary to maintain the desired temperature because the homogenization of aluminum and aluminum alloys is carried out only a few ° K below the melting point, so that even low excess temperatures would cause damage.

Nach weiteren Merkmalen der Erfindung werden die den Luftstrom beeinflußenden Elemente starr oder beweglich, z.B. verschwenkbar angeordnet.According to further features of the invention, the elements influencing the air flow become rigid or movable, e.g. arranged pivotable.

In machen Fällen kann es zweckmäßig sein, die den Luftstrom beeinflußenden Elemente der Form der Chargenelemente anzupassen, so daß sie praktisch ein Spiegelelement der äußeren Fläche der Charge darstellen.In some cases it may be appropriate to adapt the elements influencing the air flow to the shape of the batch elements so that they practically represent a mirror element of the outer surface of the batch.

Die Fig.1 bis 6 zeigen ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung.1 to 6 show an embodiment of the invention.

Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 einen Querschnitt durch einen Industrieofen zur Wärmebehandlung entlang der Linie I-I der Fig.2;
  • Fig. 2 einen Längsschnitt entlang der Linie II-II der Fig.1;
  • Fig. 3 einen horizontalen Schnitt entlang der Linie III-III der Fig.2;
  • Fig. 4 eine vergrößerte Darstellung des mit IV in Fig.1 bezeichneten Ausschnitts;
  • Fig. 5 eine andere konstruktive Ausführungsform;
  • Fig. 6 eine vergrößerte Darstellung des in Fig.2 mit VI bezeichneten Ausschnitts.
Show it:
  • 1 shows a cross section through an industrial furnace for heat treatment along the line II of Figure 2.
  • Figure 2 is a longitudinal section along the line II-II of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a horizontal section along the line III-III of Figure 2;
  • FIG. 4 shows an enlarged illustration of the section designated by IV in FIG. 1;
  • 5 shows another constructional embodiment;
  • Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of the section designated VI in Fig.2.

Bei dem als Ausführungsbeispiel gewählte Kammerofen wird die Umwälzluft von oben durch die Charge gepreßt. Es sei bereits jetzt darauf hingewiesen, daß die Erfindung auch bei Öfen mit Längsumwälzung der Luft angewandt werden kann. Die zu behandelnde Charge 1, die sich im Behandlungsraum 2 befindet, besteht in dem gewählten Ausführungsbeispiel aus gegossenen oder gepreßten Alumiumrundbarren 3, wie sich besonders den Fig.4 bis 6 entnehmen läßt, die mit Hilfe einer nicht dargestellten Transporteinrichtung auf ein im Ofen angeordnetes Gittergestell 4 abgesetzt werden. Die einzelnen Aluminiumrundbarren 3 sind auf der Unterlage 5, die auf dem Gittergestell 4 bzw. einer anderen Auflage im Ofen von der Transporteinrichtung abgesetzt wird, jeweils durch Einschieben von Zwischenlagen 6 gestapelt. Die Praxis hat gezeigt, daß der Spalt 8 zwischen der zum Homogenisieren in den Ofen hineingefahrenen und nach der Wärmebehandlung aus dem Ofen herausgefahrenen Charge 1 und den festen Ofeninnenwänden 7 ca.100 mm betragen muß. Ungenaue Transportweise, Toleranzen im Ofenbau, in der Stapelung des zu behandelnden Gutes. Verformungen der Ofeneinbauten und Ausdehnungen der Charge (bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel treten Wärmeausdehnungen in der Breite von ca. 30 mm auf) erfordern einen derartig großen Spalt. Aus wirtschaftlichen Gründen soll dagegen der Spalt 9 zwischen den einzelnen Aluminiumrundbarren 3 untereinander wesentlich kleiner sein als 100 mm, im vorliegenden Fall etwa 48 mm. Durch diese unterschiedlich Spaltgrößen ergeben sich zwangsläufig unterschiedliche Strömungswiderstände und damit auch unterschiedliche Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten und damit ergibt sich, daß das Wärmeangebot an der Chargenseitenflächen erheblich größer ist als in der Charge selbst.In the chamber furnace chosen as an exemplary embodiment, the circulating air is forced through the batch from above. It should already be pointed out that the invention can also be applied to furnaces with longitudinal circulation of the air. The batch 1 to be treated, which is located in the treatment room 2, consists in the selected exemplary embodiment of cast or pressed round aluminum bars 3, as can be seen particularly in FIGS. 4 to 6, which, by means of a transport device (not shown), is placed on a grid frame arranged in the furnace 4 are discontinued. The individual round aluminum bars 3 are stacked on the base 5, which is placed on the grid frame 4 or another support in the furnace by the transport device, in each case by inserting intermediate layers 6. Practice has shown that the gap 8 between the batch 1 which has been driven into the furnace for homogenization and removed from the furnace after the heat treatment and the fixed furnace inner walls 7 must be approximately 100 mm. Inaccurate mode of transport, tolerances in furnace construction, in the stacking of the goods to be treated. Deformations of the Furnace installations and expansions of the batch (in the exemplary embodiment shown there are thermal expansions of approximately 30 mm in width) require such a large gap. On the other hand, for economic reasons, the gap 9 between the individual aluminum ingots 3 should be considerably smaller than 100 mm, in the present case about 48 mm. These different gap sizes inevitably result in different flow resistances and thus also different flow velocities, and this means that the heat available on the side of the batch is considerably greater than in the batch itself.

Für den für die Aufheizgeschwindigkeit wesentlichen Wärmeübergangsfaktor von Luft auf das Heizgut ist u.a. die Luftströmungsgeschwindigkeit am Heizgut maßgeblich. Wenn eine große Temperaturgleichmäßigkeit auch während des Aufheizvorganges gefordert wird, so ist darauf zu achten, daß die Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten der Luft an den einzelnen Werkstücken möglichst gleich sind. Bei der gewählten Anordnung, mit einem Raum kleiner Strömungsgeschwindigkeit vor und hinter der Charge, erfordert das, daß die Strömungswiderstände für die in der Strömungsrichtung parallel liegenden Luftwege innerhalb der Charge und zwischen Charge und Ofenwand etwa gleich sind.For the heat transfer factor from air to the heating material that is essential for the heating rate, the air flow velocity on the heating material is decisive. If a high temperature uniformity is also required during the heating process, it must be ensured that the air flow velocities on the individual workpieces are as equal as possible. In the chosen arrangement, with a space of low flow velocity in front of and behind the charge, this requires that the flow resistances for the airways lying parallel in the flow direction within the charge and between the charge and the furnace wall are approximately the same.

Aus mechanischen Gründen darf wie bereits erwähnt der Abstand zwischen Wand und der Seitenbegrenzung des Gutstapels ein bestimmtes Maß nicht unterschreiten.For mechanical reasons, as already mentioned, the distance between the wall and the side boundary of the stack of goods must not be less than a certain dimension.

Durch die gemäß der Erfindung in dem Raum zwischen der Charge und den Ofenwänden den Luftstrom beeinflussenden Elemente, wie Hindernisse, Leitbleche odgl. wird der Strömungswiderstand in diesem Raum sehr stark erhöht ohne den freien Abstand zwischen der Chargenseitenfläche und der Ofenwand wesentlich zu verringern.Due to the elements according to the invention in the space between the charge and the furnace walls influencing the air flow, such as obstacles, baffles or the like. the flow resistance in this room is increased very strongly without significantly reducing the free distance between the side of the batch and the furnace wall.

Die Strömungsverhältnisse an der Türseite und an der Rückwand des Ofens sind noch ungünstiger. Die Positionierung der Charge.ist erheblich schwieriger und es muß ein Spalt 10 von etwa 200 mm an der Rückwand und an der Türseite einkalkuliert werden. Während der Wärmebehandlung beträgt die Längenausdehnung 12 der Aluminiumrundbarren 3 etwa 100 mm, die unter Umständen nur an einer Seite auftreten kann. Um an der Türseite einen schädlichen Türhals zu vermeiden, wird die Tür meist mit einer sehr aufwendigen und komplizierten Öffnungskinematik ausgestattet. Außerdem wird an der Innenseite der Tür ein sogenannter Rucksack 11 angebracht, um den Spalt zwischen der inneren Seite 29 der Tür und der Charge so klein wie möglich zu machen.The flow conditions on the door side and on the rear wall of the furnace are even more unfavorable. The positioning of the batch is considerably more difficult and a gap 10 of approximately 200 mm on the rear wall and on the door side must be taken into account. During the heat treatment, the linear expansion 12 of the aluminum round bars 3 is approximately 100 mm, which under certain circumstances can only occur on one side. In order to avoid a damaging door neck on the door side, the door is usually equipped with a very complex and complicated opening kinematics. In addition, a so-called backpack 11 is attached to the inside of the door in order to make the gap between the inside 29 of the door and the batch as small as possible.

Die Umwälzluft wird bei der dargestellten Anordnung von vier Gebläsen 13 durch die Charge gepreßt und durch eine elektrische Heizungseinrichtung 15 oder eine mit Gas betriebene Heizungseinrichtung angesaugt. Wie sich aus Fig. 1 entnehmen läßt, ist der Behandlungsraum 2 von den Gebläsen 13 und der elektrischen Heizung 15 nur durch eine Zwischenwand 14 getrennt, die jedoch keine isolierende Wirkung haben muß. Dagegen besteht das Ofengehäuse außer dem Innenteil der Seitenwände 7 aus einer ausreichenden Wärmeisolation 16 und dem äußeren Ofengehäuse 17. Die von den Gebläsen 13 erzeugt Luftströmung ist durch Pfeile 18 angedeutet. Der aus der Charge 1 nach unten austretende Luftstrom wird durch Umlenkteile 19, die unterhalb der Charge sich befinden, der Heizung wieder zugeführt. Die Gebläse 13 werden von elektrischen Antriebsmotoren 20 angetrieben. Im oberen Teil des Ofenes befinden sich ebenfalls Umlenkteile 21, die den aus den Gebläsen 13 austretenden Luftstrom der Charge 1 zuführen.The circulating air is pressed through the batch in the arrangement shown of four fans 13 and drawn in by an electric heating device 15 or a gas-operated heating device. As can be seen from Fig. 1, the treatment room 2 is separated from the fans 13 and the electric heater 15 only by an intermediate wall 14, which does not have to have an insulating effect. On the other hand, the furnace housing consists, apart from the inner part of the side walls 7, of sufficient thermal insulation 16 and the outer furnace housing 17. The air flow generated by the fans 13 is indicated by arrows 18. The air stream emerging downward from batch 1 is fed back to the heating system by deflection parts 19, which are located below the batch. The blowers 13 are driven by electric drive motors 20. In the upper part of the furnace there are also deflecting parts 21, which feed the air stream emerging from the blowers 13 to the batch 1.

Fig.4 läßt die Anordnung der gemäß der Erfindung den Luftstrom in dem Spalt 8 zwischen der inneren Seitenwand und der Charge 1 beeinflußenden Elemente 22 erkennen. Der Abstand 23 soll etwa 100 mm betragen, während für den Abstand 24 etwa 50 mm gewählt wurden. Durch diese Anordnung wurde ein Streuung erreicht, daß sich die mittleren Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten in diesen Kanälen 23 und 9 nur noch etwa um 5 % unterscheiden, während ohne die Strömung beieinflussende Einbauten bei einem Abstand vom 100 mm zwischen der Ofenwand und Chargenseitenfläche die Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten in diesem Kanal im Vergleich zu der in den Kanälen 9 zwischen den Bolzenreihen etwa das 1,5fache beträgt. Die erfindungsmäßige Maßnahme beträgt somit eine weitgehende Angleichung der mittleren Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten in den verschiedenen Kanälen, womit sich infolge der dann auch etwa gleichen Wärmeübergangsziffern eine hervorragende Vergleichmäßigung im Aufheizverhalten am Rand und in der Mitte der Charge ergibt.4 shows the arrangement of the elements 22 influencing the air flow in the gap 8 between the inner side wall and the batch 1 according to the invention. The distance 23 should be approximately 100 mm, while approximately 50 mm were selected for the distance 24. With this arrangement, a scatter was achieved that the average flow velocities in these channels 23 and 9 differ by only about 5%, while without the flow-influencing internals at a distance of 100 mm between the furnace wall and the side of the batch, the flow velocities in this channel in Compared to that in the channels 9 between the rows of bolts is approximately 1.5 times. The measure according to the invention thus amounts to an approximation of the mean flow velocities in the different channels, which results in an excellent homogenization in the heating behavior at the edge and in the middle of the batch due to the approximately equal heat transfer figures.

Die Fig. 6 und 7 zeigen eine andere Variante der Erfindung. Bei dieser Anordnung sind die Elemente nicht fest an der Seitenwand angeordnet, sondern die jalousierartig angeordneten Klappen 25 können nach dem Einfahren der Charge in den Ofen von außen über einen hydraulich oder pneumatisch beriebenen Zylinder 26 und einen Hebel 27 verstellt werden. Bei sehr erheblichen Anforderungen an die Genauigkeit der erzielten Temperatur können die Klappen auch der Form der Bestandteile der Charge angepaßt werden, so daß hier gleiche Strömungsverhältnisse wie innerhalb der Charge erreicht werden können. Bei runden Aluminumbarren können bsw. die Klappen 25 halbrund ausgebildet sein. An den Stirnseiten der Aluminiumbarren ist es jedoch zweckmäßiger, die Klappen gerade zu belassen.6 and 7 show another variant of the invention. In this arrangement, the elements are not fixedly arranged on the side wall, but the flaps 25, which are arranged in the manner of a louver, can be adjusted from the outside via a hydraulically or pneumatically rubbed cylinder 26 and a lever 27 after the batch has been moved into the furnace. If the requirements for the accuracy of the temperature achieved are very considerable, the flaps can also be adapted to the shape of the components of the batch, so that the same flow conditions as within the batch can be achieved here. For round aluminum bars, for example. the flaps 25 be semicircular. On the end faces of the aluminum bars, however, it is more convenient to keep the flaps straight.

Es ist besonders zweckmäßig, wenn an dem bewegbaren Ende der Klappen Anschläge 28 angebracht sind, die einen bestimmten Mindestspalt sicherstellen. Der Antriebszylinder 26 ist zweckmäßig federbelastet, so daß er bei einer Wärmeausdehnung des zu behandelnden Gutes nachgeben kann und der Mindestspalt erhalten bleibt.It is particularly expedient if stops 28 are attached to the movable end of the flaps, which ensure a certain minimum gap. The drive cylinder 26 is expediently spring-loaded, so that it can yield when the material to be treated is thermally expanded and the minimum gap is retained.

Es sei noch darauf hingewiesen, daß bei einer anderen Luftumwälzung die Elemente in dem Spalt so angeordnet sein müssen, daß sie sich senkrecht zur Strömungsrichtung der Luft befinden. Beispeilsweise bei einer Längsumwälzung der Luft müssen die Elemente senkrecht angeordnet sein.It should also be pointed out that in the case of a different air circulation, the elements in the gap must be arranged in such a way that they are perpendicular to the direction of flow of the air. For example, when the air is circulated lengthways, the elements must be arranged vertically.

Claims (5)

1. Industrieofen mit Luftumwälzung für Wärmebehandlungsverfahren mit hoher Temperaturgleichmäßigkeit innerhalb einer zu behandelnden Charge, die derart angeordnet oder mit Hilfe von Zwischenlagen so gestapelt ist, daß die umgewälzte heiße Luft die Charge allseitig gut umspült, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in dem Raum (8,10) zwischen der Charge (1) und den Ofenwänden (7, 29) den Luftstrom beeinflußende Elemente (Hindernisse, Leitbleche o.dgl. 22, 25) angeordnet sind.1. Industrial furnace with air circulation for heat treatment processes with high temperature uniformity within a batch to be treated, which is arranged or stacked with the help of intermediate layers so that the circulated hot air flows around the batch well, characterized in that in the room (8.10 ) between the charge (1) and the furnace walls (7, 29) the air flow-influencing elements (obstacles, baffles or the like. 22, 25) are arranged. 2. Industrieofen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in dem Raum (8) zwischen der Charge (1) und der Ofeninnenwand (7, 29) den Luftstrom beeinflußende Elemente (22) starr angeordnet sind.2. Industrial furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that in the space (8) between the charge (1) and the furnace inner wall (7, 29) the air flow influencing elements (22) are rigidly arranged. 3. Industrieofen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in dem Raum (8, 10) zwischen der Charge (1) und der Offeninnnwand (7,29) den Luftstrom beeinflußende Elemente (25) beweglich (z.B. verschwenkbar) angeordnet sind.3. Industrial furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that in the space (8, 10) between the charge (1) and the open inner wall (7, 29) the air flow influencing elements (25) are arranged movably (e.g. pivotable). 4. Industrieofen nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die den Luftstrom beeinflußenden Elemente in ihrer Form der Form der Charge (1) angepaßt sind.4. Industrial furnace according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the elements influencing the air flow are adapted in their shape to the shape of the batch (1). 5. Industrieofen nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die den Luftstrom beeinflußenden Elemente senkrecht zur Luftströmung angeordnet sind.5. Industrial furnace according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the Airflow influencing elements are arranged perpendicular to the airflow.
EP82108284A 1981-09-16 1982-09-09 Industrial furnace with air circulation for a thermal treatment process Withdrawn EP0074615A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19813136667 DE3136667A1 (en) 1981-09-16 1981-09-16 INDUSTRIAL STOVES WITH AIR CONDITIONING FOR HEAT TREATMENT PROCESSES
DE3136667 1981-09-16

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EP0074615A2 true EP0074615A2 (en) 1983-03-23
EP0074615A3 EP0074615A3 (en) 1984-05-23

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EP82108284A Withdrawn EP0074615A3 (en) 1981-09-16 1982-09-09 Industrial furnace with air circulation for a thermal treatment process

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US (1) US4518352A (en)
EP (1) EP0074615A3 (en)
JP (1) JPS58123819A (en)
CA (1) CA1190395A (en)
DE (1) DE3136667A1 (en)

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FR2638826A1 (en) * 1988-11-04 1990-05-11 Bmi Fours Ind Vacuum furnace with variable losses

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US4676743A (en) * 1986-05-01 1987-06-30 Seco/Warwick Corporation Vertical air flow ingot pusher furnace
US4729735A (en) * 1986-05-01 1988-03-08 Seco/Warwick Corporation Vertical air flow ingot pusher furnace
US4908231A (en) * 1986-09-08 1990-03-13 Bgk Finishing Systems, Inc. Automobile coating heat treating process
US4771728A (en) * 1986-09-08 1988-09-20 Bgk Finishing Systems, Inc. Automotive coating treatment apparatus
US4907533A (en) * 1986-09-08 1990-03-13 Bgk Finishing Systems, Inc. Automotive coating treatment apparatus with plural radiant lamps
US4941823A (en) * 1989-12-05 1990-07-17 Seco/Warwick Corporation Vertical air flow ingot pusher furnace with adjustable side baffles
TWI524044B (en) * 2011-12-28 2016-03-01 禾波國際股份有限公司 Oven for fiber heat treatment
USD839669S1 (en) * 2016-11-23 2019-02-05 Fusion Tech Integrated, Inc. Oven corner

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2638826A1 (en) * 1988-11-04 1990-05-11 Bmi Fours Ind Vacuum furnace with variable losses

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0074615A3 (en) 1984-05-23
US4518352A (en) 1985-05-21
CA1190395A (en) 1985-07-16
JPS58123819A (en) 1983-07-23
DE3136667A1 (en) 1983-03-24

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