EP0073717B1 - Tight forced-draught burner with microprocessor regulation - Google Patents

Tight forced-draught burner with microprocessor regulation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0073717B1
EP0073717B1 EP82401584A EP82401584A EP0073717B1 EP 0073717 B1 EP0073717 B1 EP 0073717B1 EP 82401584 A EP82401584 A EP 82401584A EP 82401584 A EP82401584 A EP 82401584A EP 0073717 B1 EP0073717 B1 EP 0073717B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
microprocessor
burner
water
control
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82401584A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0073717A1 (en
Inventor
Franck Boulle
Michel Zveguintzoff
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saunier Duval Eau Chaude Chauffage SDECC SA
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Saunier Duval Eau Chaude Chauffage SDECC SA
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Application filed by Saunier Duval Eau Chaude Chauffage SDECC SA filed Critical Saunier Duval Eau Chaude Chauffage SDECC SA
Priority to AT82401584T priority Critical patent/ATE20381T1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/06—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with draught
    • F23N1/062—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with draught using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/08—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with another medium, e.g. boiler water
    • F23N1/10—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with another medium, e.g. boiler water and with air supply or draught
    • F23N1/102—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with another medium, e.g. boiler water and with air supply or draught using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/18—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air or fuel
    • F23N2005/181—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air or fuel using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2223/00—Signal processing; Details thereof
    • F23N2223/06—Sampling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2223/00—Signal processing; Details thereof
    • F23N2223/08—Microprocessor; Microcomputer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/08—Measuring temperature
    • F23N2225/14—Ambient temperature around burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/08—Measuring temperature
    • F23N2225/19—Measuring temperature outlet temperature water heat-exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2227/00—Ignition or checking
    • F23N2227/06—Postpurge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2227/00—Ignition or checking
    • F23N2227/12—Burner simulation or checking
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2227/00—Ignition or checking
    • F23N2227/20—Calibrating devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2227/00—Ignition or checking
    • F23N2227/28—Ignition circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2233/00—Ventilators
    • F23N2233/02—Ventilators in stacks
    • F23N2233/04—Ventilators in stacks with variable speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2235/00—Valves, nozzles or pumps
    • F23N2235/12—Fuel valves
    • F23N2235/14—Fuel valves electromagnetically operated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2239/00—Fuels
    • F23N2239/04—Gaseous fuels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2241/00—Applications
    • F23N2241/06—Space-heating and heating water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
    • F23N3/08—Regulating air supply or draught by power-assisted systems
    • F23N3/082—Regulating air supply or draught by power-assisted systems using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/18—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air or fuel

Definitions

  • the invention relates to gas boilers of the sealed type with forced draft and relates more precisely to a new mode of regulation by microprocessor.
  • a regulation must therefore first centralize precise information at all times on the actual air flow and on the fan speed since we know that there is not necessarily an exact correspondence between these two parameters, for example in fouling or blockage of conduits.
  • a regulation system must also ensure a safety function both at the time of ignition but also during operation by monitoring the temperature in various places of the appliance to correct excess or insufficient temperature or to put the appliance safe if necessary.
  • the regulation must collect and analyze at each instant, as a function of the determined setpoint values, characteristic signals of deviations from these values, supplied by sensors.
  • GB-A 2 021 815 is shown in an automatic control system for the proper functioning of a burner, from sensors at the intake valves giving the value of the air flow necessary for combustion as well as the quantity of fuel.
  • the indicators are connected to a microprocessor, associated with a memory and an analogical digital converter, which compares the received signals and modifies consequently the level of opening of the concerned valves.
  • the invention proposes a regulation device which avoids the drawbacks specific to known systems, which allows verification at all times of the regulation card of the apparatus by simulation of commands, which allows adaptability of the systems by a simple change of memory. without touching the components, which provides full proportional and derivative proportional control fine and finally has dimensional advantages.
  • the microprocessor control unit is connected to at least two temperature sensors, one consisting of the room thermostat and the other being located on the heating water return duct, it is connected also: to an air flow sensor mounted on the air passage orifice of the distribution box, to a rotation speed sensor mounted on the exhaust fan motor, and to contactors providing various information on the domestic water withdrawal and the ignition cycle.
  • the device shown consists of a sealed enclosure 1, the bottom of which isolates the sealed part from the mechanisms and regulating members arranged at the bottom, the assembly being mounted on the same frame, not shown.
  • a hood 2 for evacuating the burnt gases in the shape of L caps a fin block 3 which constitutes the heating body of the appliance, the skirt 4 of which channels the gases coming from the burners 5.
  • an exhaust fan 6 On the vertical part of the chimney hood is fitted with an exhaust fan 6, the drive motor of which occupies the space between the hood and the upper part of the enclosure.
  • the fan 6 extracts the combustion gases through an exhaust pipe 8 coaxial with the air intake pipe 9.
  • the latter opens into an air distributor box 10 placed at the upper part of the sealed enclosure, itself in communication through an orifice 11 with the interior chamber.
  • the reversing valve 15 the closing member of which is not shown distributes the primary hot water leaving the exchanger by the duct 16, either towards the heating flow 17, with return by the duct 20 or towards a short circuit.
  • a pump 19 being interposed on the common conduit 21 returning to the exchanger.
  • the sanitary water circuit supplied by the inlet tube 22 supplies the water to the draw-off points by the sanitary water departure tube 23.
  • an igniter 24 provides a spark train to the pilot 25.
  • the purpose of the regulation system is to control end members as a function of information collected by sensors.
  • the microprocessor control box 26 receives for this purpose information from temperature sensors such as the room thermostat 27 mounted outside the appliance and the heating water return sensor 28 mounted on the duct 21.
  • the information are also received from an air flow sensor 29 mounted on the air intake orifice 11 inside the sealed enclosure from the distribution box 10.
  • These sensors except the room thermostat , deliver an analog signal (variable voltage depending on the quantity to be measured) which must be converted into digital values which can be assimilated by the microprocessor.
  • other information is provided by a sensor 30 mounted on the motor 7 of the exhaust fan.
  • Said sensor detects the passage of four magnets fixed on the end of the motor shaft or of a notched disc followed by an optoelectric reader and delivers a digital signal whose frequency is proportional to the speed of the motor.
  • information on the drawing of sanitary water is provided by a drawing contact 31 disposed at the level of the reversing valve 15.
  • a contact linked to the igniter 24 provides the box 26 with information on the ignition cycle.
  • the terminal members capable of being thus controlled by the regulation system are the gas solenoid valve 12, the water circulation pump 19, the igniter 24, and in the sealed enclosure of the device the exhaust fan. 6.
  • a first initialization sequence aims to "teach" the microprocessor the context in which it will regulate the boiler. This sequence is as follows: - the gas inlet and the igniter 24 are inhibited; the exhaust fan 6 is put into operation at maximum speed then the microprocessor thanks to the sensor 29 comes to read the value of the air flow rate which passes through the orifice 11 of the distributor box 10 to the interior chamber of the device. This value must be equal to a determined value below which there would be a failure to install and stop programming. If this value is therefore normal, it is stored in memory after calculation, as being the minimum flow value corresponding to the full flow rate of the exhaust fan.
  • This fan is then passed to 50% of its maximum speed and a new flow measurement is carried out.
  • the memorized value then represents the minimum value of air flow for the small flow of fan 6. This is then stopped; the igniter 24 is energized to light the pilot 25. Releasing the push button at the circuit breaker box 14 completes this initialization sequence.
  • the microprocessor periodically reads the state of the temperature sensors at room thermostat 27 and at draw-off contact 31.
  • the circulation pump 19 remains stopped and the fan d is not only starts very intermittently (for example 15 seconds every 5 minutes) and at reduced speed (50% of nominal speed) to ensure the air supply to the pilot.
  • the circulation pump 19 Upon receipt of an order from the room thermostat 27, that is to say as soon as the temperature sensed is below the predetermined threshold, and there is a demand for calories, the circulation pump 19 starts up; the gas inlet by the solenoid valve 12 and the speed of the exhaust fan 6 are then modulated by the microprocessor 26 in order to ensure a constant proportionality of the air-gas mixture and to maintain a water return temperature of heating via line 20, equal to the set temperature adjusted by the user since the power is adaptable to the needs of the installation. In the event of burner 5 stopping, it will not be able to re-ignite before a certain delay (of the order of one minute for example) in order to avoid excessively repeated cycles of ignition and extinction.
  • the pump and the exhaust fan will be kept in operation for some time (for example 45 seconds) after the gas has stopped and the ignition of the burner will only take place through a small phase. flow to ensure silent ignition.
  • the air flow sensor 29 informs the microprocessor 26 of the air flow admitted into the device through the orifice 11. If the latter is insufficient to ensure correct combustion of the gas introduced, the flow of gas will then be reduced to reach the mixture suitable for correct combustion.
  • the microprocessor Upon receipt of an order from the drawing contact 31, that is to say as soon as there is a call for calories when the user draws water, because this call has priority over heating , the microprocessor then regulates the primary circuit (16, 21) that the reversing valve 15 distributes via the short circuit 18. This regulation of a principle analogous to that of heating operation is done at a fixed setpoint value making it possible to obtain a satisfactory temperature on the secondary drawing-off circuit.
  • This microprocessor-based control system also provides a test program making it possible to verify the operation of the control card outside the boiler by simulating the commands sent to the terminal members as a function of information applied to the inputs.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns a control device for gas boilers. The overall functions involving control and safety are ensured by a control box (26) with microprocessor which centralizes data collected from the ambient thermostat (27), the temperature sensor (28) on the duct (21) for heating water return, the air output sensor (19), the drawing contact (31), the extraction fan (6) speed sensor (30), and the lighter (24), and it converts them into digital signals that are made to operate the lighter, the circulation pump (19), the gas inlet electrovalve (12) and the extraction fan according to the control data that the microprocessor has memorized. Application for forced draft steamtight gas boilers.

Description

L'invention se rapporte aux chaudières à gaz du type étanche à tirage forcé et concerne plus précisément un nouveau mode de régulation par microprocesseur.The invention relates to gas boilers of the sealed type with forced draft and relates more precisely to a new mode of regulation by microprocessor.

Dans les appareils à gaz du type étanche à tirage forcé on sait que la circulation de l'air nécessaire à la combustion ainsi que simultanément l'évacuation des gaz brûlés sont assurés par un ventilateur puisque le brûleur et le corps de chauffe se trouvent placés dans une enceinte étanche à l'atmosphère du local reliée à l'extérieur par des conduits d'admission et d'évacuation et on sait que cette circulation de flux gazeux ne peut donc s'effectuer naturellement comme dans les chaudières classiques. Ce ventilateur fournit donc un débit d'air qui, lorsque la chaudière est équipée avec une régulation prévoyant une modulation du débit du brûleur proportionnelle aux besoins, doit être asservi au débit de gaz admis à l'appareil c'est à dire que ce débit doit s'adapter à la puissance demandée et suivre ainsi les variations de débit de gaz du brûleur. Si on utilise un ventilateur à vitesse de rotation constante, on sait qu'il existe des systèmes de by- pass situés au niveau de la hotte, grâce auxquels une partie de l'air aspiré est directement détourné vers l'évacuation des produits de combustion, la quantité d'air admis au brûleur étant alors celle juste nécessaire pour la combustion correcte à la puissance demandée.In gas appliances of the sealed forced draft type, it is known that the air circulation necessary for combustion as well as simultaneously the evacuation of the burnt gases is ensured by a fan since the burner and the heating body are placed in an enclosure sealed to the atmosphere of the room connected to the outside by inlet and outlet pipes and it is known that this circulation of gas flow cannot therefore take place naturally as in conventional boilers. This fan therefore provides an air flow which, when the boiler is equipped with a regulation providing a modulation of the burner flow proportional to the needs, must be controlled by the gas flow admitted to the appliance, that is to say that this flow must adapt to the required power and thus follow the variations in gas flow rate from the burner. If a fan with constant speed is used, we know that there are bypass systems located at the level of the hood, thanks to which a part of the sucked air is directly diverted towards the evacuation of combustion products. , the quantity of air admitted to the burner then being that just necessary for correct combustion at the required power.

On préfère à ces moyens mécaniques, moduler la vitesse du ventilateurà partir d'une mesure prise à chaque instant du débit d'air réel admis au brûleur, des moyens électroniques assurant cet asservissement, comme décrit dans le FR-A 2 305 054.It is preferable to these mechanical means, modulating the fan speed from a measurement taken at each instant of the actual air flow admitted to the burner, electronic means ensuring this control, as described in FR-A 2 305 054.

Une régulation doit donc en premier lieu centraliser à chaque instant les informations précises sur le débit d'air réel et sur la vitesse du ventilateur puisqu'on sait qu'il n'y a pas forcément correspondance exacte entre ces deux paramètres, par exemple en cas d'encrassement ou de bouchage des conduits.A regulation must therefore first centralize precise information at all times on the actual air flow and on the fan speed since we know that there is not necessarily an exact correspondence between these two parameters, for example in fouling or blockage of conduits.

Un système de régulation doit aussi assurer une fonction de sécurité à la fois au moment de l'allumage mais aussi en cours de fonctionnement en surveillant la température en divers endroits de l'appareil pour rectifier les excès ou insuffisance de température ou mettre l'appareil en sécurité si nécessaire.A regulation system must also ensure a safety function both at the time of ignition but also during operation by monitoring the temperature in various places of the appliance to correct excess or insufficient temperature or to put the appliance safe if necessary.

A cet effet, la régulation doit recueillir et analyser à chaque instant en fonction des valeurs de consignes déterminées, des signaux caractéristiques d'écarts par rapport à ces valeurs, fournis pas des capteurs.To this end, the regulation must collect and analyze at each instant, as a function of the determined setpoint values, characteristic signals of deviations from these values, supplied by sensors.

Ces fonctions ainsi que celles assurant la commande du clapet inverseur pour la mise en oeuvre du circuit chauffage ou du circuit puisage sont assurées par des systèmes de régulation utilisant des circuits analogiques qui transforment les signaux reçus de ces différents capteurs en variations de tension ou d'intensité lesquelles sont comparées aux valeurs de consigne dans un comparateur, puis amplifiées à l'aide d'un amplificateur dont la sortie aboutit à l'organe moteur par exemple l'électrovanne d'admission du gaz au brûleur.These functions as well as those ensuring the control of the reversing valve for the implementation of the heating circuit or the drawing circuit are ensured by regulation systems using analog circuits which transform the signals received from these various sensors into variations in voltage or intensity which are compared with the set values in a comparator, then amplified using an amplifier, the output of which leads to the drive unit, for example the solenoid valve for the admission of gas to the burner.

On retrouve dans le US-A 3 216 661 un système de contrôle et de surveillance de la combustion d'un mélange gazeux, qui reçoit des informations de divers capteurs et qui interprète les signaux reçus à l'aide d'un comparateur et d'un ordinateur.There is found in US-A 3,216,661 a system for controlling and monitoring the combustion of a gas mixture, which receives information from various sensors and which interprets the signals received using a comparator and a computer.

Ces modes de réalisation connus présentent toutefois un certain nombre d'inconvénients. Tout d'abord ils utilisent un assez grand nombre de composants et nécessitent un montage particulier. En outre on sait que les valeurs de consignes sont données par les différents composants utilisés, résistances, capacités, etc...; et si on veut modifier ces valeurs, il faudrait modifier ces composants.These known embodiments however have a number of drawbacks. First of all, they use a fairly large number of components and require a specific assembly. In addition, we know that the setpoint values are given by the different components used, resistances, capacities, etc ...; and if we want to modify these values, we would have to modify these components.

Ceci veut dire qu'une régulation analogique, une fois conçue pour un appareil avec des valeurs déterminées, ne peut s'adapter facilement à d'autres paramètres sans la modification des composants c'est à dire sans reprendre l'élaboration des circuits. C'est un inconvénient sérieux en fabrication car il est souvent nécessaire d'adapter dans le temps les appareils aux exigences et aux habitudes des usagers tout en tenant compte d'autres critères évolutifs comme les économies d'énergies, les nouvelles mesures de sécurité, etc...This means that an analog regulation, once designed for a device with determined values, cannot easily adapt to other parameters without modifying the components, that is to say without resuming the development of the circuits. This is a serious drawback in manufacturing because it is often necessary to adapt the devices over time to the requirements and habits of users while taking into account other evolving criteria such as energy savings, new safety measures, etc ...

En outre, il serait difficile pour ce genre de régulation de prendre en compte certaines caractéristiques limites d'une installation de chauffage telle que fermeture éventuelle de tous les robinets thermostatiques équipant les radiateurs et en éviter leurs inconvénients par l'introduction automatique de temporisation sur certaines séquences du cycle de régulation.In addition, it would be difficult for this type of regulation to take into account certain limiting characteristics of a heating installation such as the possible closing of all the thermostatic valves fitted to the radiators and to avoid their drawbacks by the automatic introduction of time delays on certain regulatory cycle sequences.

Il existe enfin des systèmes de régulation de chaudière utilisant un microprocesseur. Dans le GB-A 2 021 815 est montré en système de contrôle automatique du bon fonctionnement d'un brûleur, à partir de capteurs au niveau des vannes d'admission donnant la valeur du flux d'air nécessaire à la combustion ainsi que la quantité de combustible.Finally, there are boiler control systems using a microprocessor. In GB-A 2 021 815 is shown in an automatic control system for the proper functioning of a burner, from sensors at the intake valves giving the value of the air flow necessary for combustion as well as the quantity of fuel.

Les indicateurs sont connectés à un microprocesseur, associé à une mémoire et un convertisseur analogique digital, qui compare les signaux reçus et modifie en conséquence le niveau d'ouverture des vannes concernées.The indicators are connected to a microprocessor, associated with a memory and an analogical digital converter, which compares the received signals and modifies consequently the level of opening of the concerned valves.

Ces systèmes sont toutefois limités à une fonction particulière de contrôle mais n'assurent pas l'ensemble des fonctions de régulation et de sécurité souhaitables pour les chaudières étanches à gaz.These systems are however limited to a particular control function but do not provide all of the desirable regulation and safety functions for gas tight boilers.

L'invention propose un dispositif de régulation qui évite les inconvénients propres aux systèmes connus, qui permet la vérification à chaque instant de la carte de régulation de l'appareil par simulation des commandes, qui permet une adaptabilité des systèmes par un simple changement de mémoire sans toucher aux composants, qui fournit une régulation à action proportionnelle intégrale et dérivée beaucoup plus fine et présente enfin des avantages sur le plan dimensionnel.The invention proposes a regulation device which avoids the drawbacks specific to known systems, which allows verification at all times of the regulation card of the apparatus by simulation of commands, which allows adaptability of the systems by a simple change of memory. without touching the components, which provides full proportional and derivative proportional control fine and finally has dimensional advantages.

Selon l'invention le boitier de régulation à microprocesseur est relié à au moins deux capteurs de température, l'un étant constitué du thermostat d'ambiance et l'autre étant localisé sur le conduit de retour d'eau de chauffage, il est relié également: à un capteur de débit d'air monté sur l'orifice de passage d'air du boitier répartiteur, à un capteur de vitesse de rotation monté sur le moteur de ventilateur d'extraction, et à des contacteurs fournissant diverses informations sur le prélèvement d'eau sanitaire et le cycle d'allumage.According to the invention, the microprocessor control unit is connected to at least two temperature sensors, one consisting of the room thermostat and the other being located on the heating water return duct, it is connected also: to an air flow sensor mounted on the air passage orifice of the distribution box, to a rotation speed sensor mounted on the exhaust fan motor, and to contactors providing various information on the domestic water withdrawal and the ignition cycle.

D'autres caractéristiques particulières et avantage de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description suivante d'un mode de réalisation et de fonctionnement dans lequel on se réfère à la représentation schématique jointe qui illustre cette régulation par microprocesseur.Other particular characteristics and advantage of the invention will appear on reading the following description of an embodiment and operation in which reference is made to the attached schematic representation which illustrates this regulation by microprocessor.

L'appareil représenté est constitué d'une enceinte étanche 1 dont le fond la isole la partie étanche des mécanismes et organes de régulation disposés à la partie inférieure, l'ensemble etant monté sur une même ossature non représentée.The device shown consists of a sealed enclosure 1, the bottom of which isolates the sealed part from the mechanisms and regulating members arranged at the bottom, the assembly being mounted on the same frame, not shown.

Dans l'enceinte étanche 1, une hotte 2 d'évacuation des gaz brûlés enforme de L coiffe un bloc à ailettes 3 qui constitue le corps de chauffe de l'appareil, dont la jupe 4 canalise les gaz provenant des brûleurs 5. Sur la partie verticale de la hotte formant cheminée est monté un ventilateur d'extraction 6 dont le moteur d'entrainemenL7 occupe l'espace ménagé entre la hotte et la partie supérieure de l'enceinte. Le ventilateur 6 extrait les gaz de combustion par un conduit d'évacuation 8 coaxial au conduit 9 d'admission d'air.In the sealed enclosure 1, a hood 2 for evacuating the burnt gases in the shape of L caps a fin block 3 which constitutes the heating body of the appliance, the skirt 4 of which channels the gases coming from the burners 5. On the vertical part of the chimney hood is fitted with an exhaust fan 6, the drive motor of which occupies the space between the hood and the upper part of the enclosure. The fan 6 extracts the combustion gases through an exhaust pipe 8 coaxial with the air intake pipe 9.

Ce dernier débouche dans un boitier répartiteur d'air 10 placé à la partie supérieure de l'enceinte étanche, lui-même en communication par un orifice 11 avec la chambre intérieure.The latter opens into an air distributor box 10 placed at the upper part of the sealed enclosure, itself in communication through an orifice 11 with the interior chamber.

Au dessous du fond étanche la se situent les divers mécanismes de l'appareil l'électrovalve 12 d'admission du gaz au brûleur alimentée par un conduit d'arrivée gaz 13, par l'intermédiaire d'un boitier disjoncteur 14 qui assure également la mise sous tension électrique de la chaudière.Below the sealed bottom there are the various mechanisms of the apparatus the solenoid valve 12 for admitting gas to the burner supplied by a gas inlet pipe 13, by means of a circuit breaker box 14 which also ensures the electric power on of the boiler.

On y trouve aussi le clapet inverseur 15 dont l'organe de fermeture non représenté distribue l'eau chaude primaire sortant de l'échangeur par le conduit 16, soit vers le départ chauffage 17, avec retour par le conduit 20 soit vers un circuit court 18, un pompe 19 étant interposée sur le conduit commun 21 de retour à l'échangeur. Le circuit d'eau sanitaire alimenté par le tube d'arrivée 22 fournit l'eau aux points de puisage par le tube de départ d'eau sanitaire 23. Enfin un allumeur 24 fournit un train d'étincelles à la veilleuse 25.There is also the reversing valve 15, the closing member of which is not shown distributes the primary hot water leaving the exchanger by the duct 16, either towards the heating flow 17, with return by the duct 20 or towards a short circuit. 18, a pump 19 being interposed on the common conduit 21 returning to the exchanger. The sanitary water circuit supplied by the inlet tube 22 supplies the water to the draw-off points by the sanitary water departure tube 23. Finally an igniter 24 provides a spark train to the pilot 25.

Le système de régulation a pour but de commander des organes terminaux en fonction d'informations collectées par des capteurs. Le boitier de régulation à microprocesseur 26 reçoit à cet effet des informations de capteurs de température tels que le thermostat d'ambiance 27 monté extérieurement à l'appareil et le capteur 28 de retour d'eau de chauffage monté sur le conduit 21. Les informations sont également reçues d'un capteur de flux d'air 29 monté sur l'orifice 11 d'admission d'air à l'intérieur de l'enceinte étanche à partir du boitier répartiteur 10. Ces capteurs, sauf le thermostat d'ambiance, délivrent un signal analogique (tension variable en fonction de la grandeur à mesurer) qui doit être converti en valeurs digitales assimilables par le microprocesseur. En outre d'autres informations sont fournies par un capteur 30 monté sur le moteur 7 du ventilateur d'extraction. Ledit capteur détecte le passage de quatre aimants fixés sur le bout d'arbre du moteur ou encore d'un disque à encoches suivi par un lecteur optoélectrique et délivre un signal digital dont la fréquence est proportionnelle à la vitesse du moteur. De plus une information sur le puisage d'eau sanitaire est fournie par un contact puisage 31 disposé au niveau du clapet inverseur 15. Enfin un contact lié à l'allumeur 24 fournit au boitier 26 une information sur le cycle d'allumage.The purpose of the regulation system is to control end members as a function of information collected by sensors. The microprocessor control box 26 receives for this purpose information from temperature sensors such as the room thermostat 27 mounted outside the appliance and the heating water return sensor 28 mounted on the duct 21. The information are also received from an air flow sensor 29 mounted on the air intake orifice 11 inside the sealed enclosure from the distribution box 10. These sensors, except the room thermostat , deliver an analog signal (variable voltage depending on the quantity to be measured) which must be converted into digital values which can be assimilated by the microprocessor. In addition, other information is provided by a sensor 30 mounted on the motor 7 of the exhaust fan. Said sensor detects the passage of four magnets fixed on the end of the motor shaft or of a notched disc followed by an optoelectric reader and delivers a digital signal whose frequency is proportional to the speed of the motor. In addition, information on the drawing of sanitary water is provided by a drawing contact 31 disposed at the level of the reversing valve 15. Finally, a contact linked to the igniter 24 provides the box 26 with information on the ignition cycle.

Les organes terminaux susceptibles d'être ainsi commandés par le système de régulation sont l'électrovalve gaz 12, la pompe de circulation d'eau 19, l'allumeur 24, et dans l'enceinte étanche de l'appareil le ventilateur d'extraction 6.The terminal members capable of being thus controlled by the regulation system are the gas solenoid valve 12, the water circulation pump 19, the igniter 24, and in the sealed enclosure of the device the exhaust fan. 6.

Lors de la mise sous tension de l'appareil, une première séquence d'initialisation a pour but de " faire apprendre " au microprocesseur le contexte dans lequel il va réguler la chaudière. Cette séquence est la suivante: - l'admission du gaz et l'allumeur 24 sont inhibés; le ventilateur d'extraction 6 est mis en fonctionnement à vitesse maximale puis le microprocesseur grâce au capteur 29 vient lire la valeur du débit d'air qui passe par l'orifice 11 du boitier répartiteur 10 à la chambre intérieure de l'appareil. Cette valeur doit être égale à une valeur déterminée au-dessous de laquelle il y aurait défaut d'installation et arrêt de la programmation. Si cette valeur est donc normale, elle est mise en mémoire après calcul, comme étant la valeur minimale de flux correspondant au plein débit du ventilateur d'extraction.When the device is powered up, a first initialization sequence aims to "teach" the microprocessor the context in which it will regulate the boiler. This sequence is as follows: - the gas inlet and the igniter 24 are inhibited; the exhaust fan 6 is put into operation at maximum speed then the microprocessor thanks to the sensor 29 comes to read the value of the air flow rate which passes through the orifice 11 of the distributor box 10 to the interior chamber of the device. This value must be equal to a determined value below which there would be a failure to install and stop programming. If this value is therefore normal, it is stored in memory after calculation, as being the minimum flow value corresponding to the full flow rate of the exhaust fan.

On fait ensuite passer ce ventilateur à 50 % de sa vitesse maximale et on effectue une nouvelle mesure de flux. La valeur mémorisée représente alors la valeur minimale de débit d'air pour le petit débit du ventilateur 6. Celui-ci est ensuite arrêté; l'allumeur 24 est mis sous tension pour allumer la veilleuse 25. Le relâchement du bouton-poussoir au boitier disjoncteur 14 termine cette séquence d'initialisation.This fan is then passed to 50% of its maximum speed and a new flow measurement is carried out. The memorized value then represents the minimum value of air flow for the small flow of fan 6. This is then stopped; the igniter 24 is energized to light the pilot 25. Releasing the push button at the circuit breaker box 14 completes this initialization sequence.

Ces deux mesures de flux ont pour but d'étalonner le capteur de débit d'air de façon à éliminer l'influence de la position de la ventouse.The purpose of these two flow measurements is to calibrate the air flow sensor so as to eliminate the influence of the position of the suction cup.

En cours de fonctionnement le microprocesseur vient lire périodiquement l'état des capteurs de température au thermostat d'ambiance 27 et au contact puisage 31. En l'absence d'ordre, la pompe de circulation 19 reste à l'arrêt et le ventilateur d'extraction ne se met en marche que de façon très intermittente (par exemple 15 secondes toutes les 5 minutes) et à vitesse réduite (50 % de la vitesse nominale) pour assurer l'alimentation en air de la veilleuse.During operation, the microprocessor periodically reads the state of the temperature sensors at room thermostat 27 and at draw-off contact 31. In the absence of an order, the circulation pump 19 remains stopped and the fan d is not only starts very intermittently (for example 15 seconds every 5 minutes) and at reduced speed (50% of nominal speed) to ensure the air supply to the pilot.

Dès réception d'un ordre provenant du thermostat d'ambiance 27 c'est à dire dès que la température captée est au dessous du seuil prédéterminé, et qu'il y a demande de calories, la pompe de circulation 19 se met en marche; l'admission du gaz par l'électrovalve 12 et la vitesse du ventilateur d'extraction 6 sont alors modulés par le microprocesseur 26 afin d'assurer une proportionnalité constante du mélange air-gaz et de maintenir une température de retour de l'eau de chauffage par le conduit 20, égale à la température de consigne ajustée par l'utilisateur puisque la puissance est adaptable aux besoins de l'installation. En cas d'arrêt du brûleur 5, celui-ci ne pourra se rallumer avant un certain délai (de l'ordre de une minute par exemple) afin d'éviter des cycles trop répétés d'allumage et d'extinction. En outre pour éviter les surchauffes, la pompe et le ventilateur d'extraction seront maintenus en fonctionnement pendant quelques temps (par exemple 45 secondes) après arrêt du gaz et l'allumage du brûleur n'interviendra qu'en passant par une phase de petit débit afin d'assurer un allumage silencieux. A tout moment, le capteur de flux d'air 29 informe le microprocesseur 26 du débit d'air admis dans l'appareil par l'orifice 11. Si celui-ci est insufisant pour assurer la combustion correcte du gaz introduit, le débit de gaz sera alors réduit pour atteindre le mélange adapté à la combustion correcte.Upon receipt of an order from the room thermostat 27, that is to say as soon as the temperature sensed is below the predetermined threshold, and there is a demand for calories, the circulation pump 19 starts up; the gas inlet by the solenoid valve 12 and the speed of the exhaust fan 6 are then modulated by the microprocessor 26 in order to ensure a constant proportionality of the air-gas mixture and to maintain a water return temperature of heating via line 20, equal to the set temperature adjusted by the user since the power is adaptable to the needs of the installation. In the event of burner 5 stopping, it will not be able to re-ignite before a certain delay (of the order of one minute for example) in order to avoid excessively repeated cycles of ignition and extinction. In addition to avoid overheating, the pump and the exhaust fan will be kept in operation for some time (for example 45 seconds) after the gas has stopped and the ignition of the burner will only take place through a small phase. flow to ensure silent ignition. At any time, the air flow sensor 29 informs the microprocessor 26 of the air flow admitted into the device through the orifice 11. If the latter is insufficient to ensure correct combustion of the gas introduced, the flow of gas will then be reduced to reach the mixture suitable for correct combustion.

Dès réception d'un ordre provenant du contact puisage 31 c'est à dire dès qu'il y a appel de calories lors d'un puisage de l'eau par l'usager, du fait que cet appel est prioritaire par rapport au chauffage, le microprocesseur régule alors le circuit (16, 21) primaire que le clapet inverseur 15 distribue par le circuit court 18. Cette régulation d'un principe analogue à celui du fonctionnement en chauffage se fait à une valeur de consigne fixe permettant d'obtenir une température satisfaisante sur le circuit secondaire de puisage.Upon receipt of an order from the drawing contact 31, that is to say as soon as there is a call for calories when the user draws water, because this call has priority over heating , the microprocessor then regulates the primary circuit (16, 21) that the reversing valve 15 distributes via the short circuit 18. This regulation of a principle analogous to that of heating operation is done at a fixed setpoint value making it possible to obtain a satisfactory temperature on the secondary drawing-off circuit.

Ce système de régulation à microprocesseur prévoit aussi un programme de tests permettant de vérifier le fonctionnement de la carte de régulation hors de la chaudière en simulant les commandes envoyées aux organes terminaux en fonction d'informations appliquées aux entrées.This microprocessor-based control system also provides a test program making it possible to verify the operation of the control card outside the boiler by simulating the commands sent to the terminal members as a function of information applied to the inputs.

Claims (9)

1) A regulating device for a gas fuelled single or mixed forced draught boiler wherein a leakproof casing contains:
- a burner (5);
- a heating unit (3);
- a hood for the evacuation of the exhaust gases (2);
- an extractor fan (6); and

wherein the fresh air necessary for the combustion of the burner is admitted from an air distributor box (11) disposed in the upper portion of the said casing,
the said boiler comprising:
- an electrovalve (12) for the admission of the gas to the burner connected to a circuit breaker box (14);
- a selector valve (15) directing the primary water either towards a long circuit during the heating operation or towards a short circuit during water take-up;
- a circulating pump (19);
- an igniter (24);
- as well as a plurality of sensors or of

detectors intended to pick up the data relating to temperature, flow or operation.
A boiler wherein the whole of the functions of regulation, of safety and of continuous control of the air flow according to the gas flow is ensured by a microprocessor control box (26)
- which centralises the data received from the various sensors;
- which converts them into digital signals which are capable of actutating the operation of the igniter (24), of the circulating pump (19), the electrovalve for the gas admission (12) and of the extractor fan (6) according to the preprogrammed control data memorised by the microprocessor
characterised in that the microprocessor control box (26) is connected to at least two temperature sensors, the one being constituted by an ambient temperature thermostat (27) and the other sensor (28) being located on the return pipe (21) for the heating water, which is also connected to an airflow sensor (29) mounted on the air passage opening (11) of the air distributor casing (10) which is also connected to a sensor for the speed of rotation (30) mounted on the motor (7) of the extractor fan (6) and which is finally connected to contactors providing a first input regarding the take-up of sanitary water thanks to a take-up contact (31) disposed at the level of the selector valve (15) and a second input regarding the ignition cycle by means of a contact on the igniter (24);
2) A control method for a gas fuelled single or mixed forced draught boiler wherein a leakprppf casing contains
- a burner (5);
- a heating unit (3)
- a hood for the evacuation of the exhaust gases (2)
- an extractor fan (6); and

wherein the fresh air necessary for the combustion of the burner is admitted from an air distributor box (10) disposed in the upper portion of the said casing
the said boiler comprising:
- an electrovalve (12) for the admission of the gas to the burner connected to a circuit breaker box (14);
- a selector valve (15) directing the primary water either towards a long circuit during the heating operation, or towards a short circuit during water take-up;
- a circulating pump (19);
- an igniter (24);
- as well as a plurality of sensors or of detectors intended to pick up the data relating to temperature, flow or operation.

a boiler wherein the whole of the functions of regulation, safety and of continuous control of the air flow according to the gas flow is ensured by a microprocessor control box (26),
- which centralises the data received from the various sensors;
- which converts them into digital signals capable of actuating the operation of the igniter (24), the circulating pump (19), the electrovalve for the gas admission (12) and of the extractor fan (6) according to the pre-programmed control data memorised by the microprocessor,

characterised in that the insertion of the control inputs into the microprocessor is ensured when the apparatus is energised by causing the extractor fan (6) to operate at its maximum speed and by an input into memory of the value of the air delivery corresponding to the full delivery registered by sensor (29), followed by causing the said fan to operate at the reduced speed corresponding to the air delivery necessary for the functioning of the burner at its minimum power of the planned control range and by inputting the value of this reduced air delivery into memory, and in that the microprocessor periodically reads the temperature data provided by the environment thermostat (27) and of the water take-up provided by the contact (31) at a reading frequency comprised between 0.2 and 0.5 seconds.
3) A control method according to Claim 2, characterised in that in the absence of any command, the circulating pump (19) remains in the off position and the extractor fan (6) only opcrates very intermittently and at a reduced speed to ensure the air supply of the pilot burner.
4) A control method according to Claim 2, characterised in that the microprocessor commands the opening of the electrovalve (12) and the speed of the extractor fan (6) in a controlled manner when a requirement of calories is detected by the environment thermostat (27) to ensure that the air/gas mixture ratio remains constant and to keep the temperature of the heating water returning via pipe (20) at the temperature which has been pre-set.
5) A control method according to Claim 2, characterised in that the micrprocessor actuates the reversal of the selector valve (15) which then directs the water of the primary circuit (16, 21) into the short circuit when a take up of sanitary water is detected by the water takeup contact (31), and adjusts the temperature of this water to a fixed pre-set value allowing a satisfactory temperature to be obtained on the secondary water take-up circuit.
6) A control method according to Claims 4 and 5, characterised in that in the case of a shut down of burner (5) the microprocessor delays its reignition to avoid repeated ignition and extinction cycles.
7) A control method according to Claims 4 and 5, characterised in that the microprocessor causes the circulating pump (19) and the extractor fan (6) to remain in operation for some time after the burner has been shut down.
8) A control method according to Claim 7, characterised in that the microprocessor only ensures the reignition of the burner after a low delivery stage in order to ensure a silent ignition.
9) A control method according to Claim 2, characterised in that a simulation of the commands sent to the peripheral units according to the data supplied at the inputs is applied to the microprocessor control unit (26) to test its proper functioning.
EP82401584A 1981-08-27 1982-08-26 Tight forced-draught burner with microprocessor regulation Expired EP0073717B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82401584T ATE20381T1 (en) 1981-08-27 1982-08-26 TIGHT GAS BOILER WITH FORCED DRAW AND MICROPROCESSOR CONTROL.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8116373 1981-08-27
FR8116373A FR2512179A1 (en) 1981-08-27 1981-08-27 FORCE DRAFT DRY GAS BOILER WITH MICROPROCESSOR CONTROL

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0073717A1 EP0073717A1 (en) 1983-03-09
EP0073717B1 true EP0073717B1 (en) 1986-06-11

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US (1) US4519540A (en)
EP (1) EP0073717B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH0660737B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE20381T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3271661D1 (en)
ES (1) ES515288A0 (en)
FR (1) FR2512179A1 (en)

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AT396830B (en) * 1987-12-11 1993-12-27 Vaillant Gmbh GAS HEATED UNIT
DE4102050A1 (en) * 1990-01-25 1991-08-01 Vaillant Joh Gmbh & Co CONTROL AND CONTROL SYSTEM FOR A PREFERRED GAS-HEATED WATER HEATER
AT400484B (en) * 1990-01-25 1996-01-25 Vaillant Gmbh CONTROL AND CONTROL SYSTEM FOR A PREFERRED GAS HEATED WATER HEATER
US5616995A (en) 1993-02-22 1997-04-01 General Electric Company Systems and methods for controlling a draft inducer for a furnace
US5676069A (en) 1993-02-22 1997-10-14 General Electric Company Systems and methods for controlling a draft inducer for a furnace
US5680021A (en) 1993-02-22 1997-10-21 General Electric Company Systems and methods for controlling a draft inducer for a furnace
US5682826A (en) 1993-02-22 1997-11-04 General Electric Company Systems and methods for controlling a draft inducer for a furnace

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2512179A1 (en) 1983-03-04
ES8305484A1 (en) 1983-05-01
FR2512179B1 (en) 1983-12-09
US4519540A (en) 1985-05-28
EP0073717A1 (en) 1983-03-09
ES515288A0 (en) 1983-05-01
JPH0660737B2 (en) 1994-08-10
ATE20381T1 (en) 1986-06-15
JPS5886323A (en) 1983-05-23
DE3271661D1 (en) 1986-07-17

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