EP0073541A2 - Wäschebleichmittel - Google Patents
Wäschebleichmittel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0073541A2 EP0073541A2 EP82201028A EP82201028A EP0073541A2 EP 0073541 A2 EP0073541 A2 EP 0073541A2 EP 82201028 A EP82201028 A EP 82201028A EP 82201028 A EP82201028 A EP 82201028A EP 0073541 A2 EP0073541 A2 EP 0073541A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- article
- substrate
- adduct
- peroxyacid
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 28
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000004965 peroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 organic peroxyacid compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 5
- BRDYCNFHFWUBCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecaneperoxoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OO BRDYCNFHFWUBCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004900 laundering Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- JHUXOSATQXGREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanediperoxoic acid Chemical compound OOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OO JHUXOSATQXGREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004967 organic peroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 29
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 27
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 21
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 2
- CVGGAETYLBDYEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 12-chlorododecaneperoxoic acid Chemical compound OOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCl CVGGAETYLBDYEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000198134 Agave sisalana Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008564 Boehmeria nivea Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000000491 Corchorus aestuans Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011777 Corchorus aestuans Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010862 Corchorus capsularis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001875 Ebonite Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000219146 Gossypium Species 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- CVXHBROPWMVEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Peroxyoctanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(=O)OO CVXHBROPWMVEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BCKXLBQYZLBQEK-KVVVOXFISA-M Sodium oleate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O BCKXLBQYZLBQEK-KVVVOXFISA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009960 carding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006255 coating slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002070 germicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 1
- NQUPKCJGWCPODR-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexaneperoxoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(=O)OO NQUPKCJGWCPODR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002198 insoluble material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XGKLICRBWMXMJP-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;12-hydroperoxy-12-oxododecane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].OOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O XGKLICRBWMXMJP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002195 soluble material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012956 testing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000451 tissue damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000827 tissue damage Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/04—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties combined with or containing other objects
- C11D17/041—Compositions releasably affixed on a substrate or incorporated into a dispensing means
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/39—Organic or inorganic per-compounds
- C11D3/3945—Organic per-compounds
Definitions
- This invention relates to the bleaching of laundry and is especially concerned with bleach products designed for the delivery of a premeasured amount of organic peroxyacid bleach to the laundering bath.
- the-precursor and the inorganic persalt can both be coated onto the substrate, if desired, so long as they are disposed on the substrate in a manner so as to keep them spatially separated from - each other, for example as discrete bands on the substrate
- a further object is to provide a process for preparing an article comprising a substrate which carries a peroxyacid bleach and maintains the stability of said bleach.
- a laundry additive bleach product comprising:
- a further aspect of the invention is a method of making a laundry additive product, comprising the steps of:
- the peroxyacid bleaches used in the present invention have the general formula wherein R is a linear alkylene group of from 4 to 16 carbon atoms and Y is hydrogen, halogen or a radical selected from wherein M is hydrogen, alkali metal or ammonium.
- M is hydrogen, alkali metal or ammonium.
- M is hydrogen
- Representative compounds of the above formula are peroxydodecanoic acid, peroxyhexanoic acid, peroxy- octanoic acid, monoperoxydodecanedioic acid, diperoxydodecanedioic acid, 12-chloroperoxydodecanoic acid, sodium-12-sulfonatoperoxydodecanoic acid.
- Preferred compounds for use herein are peroxydodecanoic acid and diperoxydodecanedioic acid and mixtures thereof.
- the peroxyacid bleaches are converted to adducts (also called inclusion complexes) with urea.
- adducts also called inclusion complexes
- These adducts can be prepared by treating the peroxyacid bleaches with urea in any known way-for preparing adducts, for example, by mixing them with the urea dissolved in a solvent such as methanol and'isolating the adduct which is formed by crystallization or evaporation.
- the adduct which is obtained is a crystalline solid. Normally the adduct will comprise 20% to
- the present invention requires that the peroxyacid bleach compound be disposed on a substrate which is a nonparticulate solid article.
- the substrate may itself be water-soluble or water-insoluble and in the latter case it should possess sufficient structural integrity under laundering conditions to be recovered from the laundered fabrics at the end of the laundering process, which may include drying in a hot air clothes dryer. Structures which are water-disintegrable, i.e., that break down in aqueous media to individual fibers or insoluble particles, or structures which disintegrate in a hot air clothes dryer, are not considered satisfactory for the purposes of the present invention.
- Water-soluble materials include certain cellulose ethers, alginates, polyvinyl alcohol and water-soluble polyvinyl pyrrolidone polymers, which can be formed into nonwoven and woven fibrous structures or onto films.
- Suitable water-insoluble materials include, but are not restricted to, natural and synthetic woven and nonwoven fabrics, foams, sponges and films.
- the substrate may have any one of a number of physical forms such as sheets, blocks, rings, balls, rods or tubes. Such forms should be amenable to unit usage by the consumer, i.e., they should be capable of addition to the laundry bath in measured amounts, such as individual sheets, blocks or balls and unit lengths of rods or tubes. Certain of these substrate types can also be adapted for single or multiple uses, and can be provided with loadings of peroxyacid bleach adduct up to an adduct:substrate ratio of 15:1 by weight.
- One such article comprises a sponge material releasably enclosing enough peroxyacid bleach adduct to provide bleaching action during several washing cycles.
- This multi-use article can be made by impregnating a sponge ball or block with 30-60 grams of the adduct. In use, the peroxyacid leaches out through the pores of the sponge into the wash liquor.
- Such a filled sponge can be used to treat several loads of fabrics in conven-. tional washing machines, and has the advantage that it can remain in the washer after use.
- a highly preferred article herein comprises the adducted organic peroxyacid bleach compound in combination with a sheet and this should be flexible so as to make it compatible with the movement of the fabrics in the washing machine and to facilitate its handling during manufacture of the product.
- the sheet is water pervious,.i.e., water can pass from one surface of the sheet to the opposite surface.
- the substrate is a film-type material, perforation of the sheet is desirable.
- the most preferred form-of the substrate is a sheet of woven or nonwoven fabric or a thin sheet of cellular plastic material (e.g., polyurethane foam).
- Woven fabric sheets can take the form of a plain weave natural or synthetic fiber of low fiber count/unit length, such as is used for surgical dressings, or of the type known as cheesecloth. Loading limitations of nonwoven sheet type substrates limit the amount of adduct that can be applied to the sheet. Typically the weight ratio- of adduct:sheet is 8:1. Generally a ratio of from - 3:1 to 12:1 is preferable.
- the size of the article and the amount of adduct disposed thereon should be chosen such that the article contains from . O.lg to ⁇ 2.5g, preferably from 0.2g to l.Og available oxygen.
- a desirable feature of a substrate to be utilized in the present invention herein is that it be absorbent in nature. It is known that most substances are able to absorb a liquid substance to some degree; however, the term "absorbent", as used herein, is intended to mean a substance with an absorbent capacity (i.e., values representing a substrate's ability to take up and retain a liquid) of up to approximately 25 times its weight of water.
- Absorbent capacity values are then calculated in accordance with the formula given in said specification. Based on this test, one-ply, dense, bleached paper (e.g., kraft or bond having a basis weight of 52 g/m 2 , -- has an absorbent capacity of 3.5 to 4; commercially available household one-ply towelling paper has a value of 5 to 6; and commercially available two-ply household towelling paper (a paper structure preferred herein) has a value of - 7 to 9.5. See U.S. Pat. No. 3,686,025, Morton, issued August 22, 1972.
- the substrate of this invention can also be defined in terms of "free space.”
- Free space also called “void volume,” as used herein is intended to mean that space within a structure that is unoccupied.
- certain multi-ply paper structures comprise plies embossed with protuberances, the ends of which are mated and jointed; such a paper structure has a void volume of free space between the unembossed portion of the plies, as well as between the fibers of the paper sheet itself.
- a nonwoven cloth also has such space between each of its fibers.
- the free space of nonwoven cloth or paper, having designated physical dimensions, can be varied by modifying the density of the paper or nonwoven cloth. Substances with a high amount of free space generally have low fiber density; high density substrates generally have a low amount of free space.
- Preferred substrates of the invention herein have up to 90% free space based on the overall volume of the substrate's structure.
- suitable materials which can be used as a substrate in the invention herein include, among others, sponges, foamed.cellular plastic sheets, paper, and woven and nonwoven cloth.
- a preferred paper substrate is a compressible, laminated, calendered, multi-ply absorbent paper structure.
- the paper structure has 2 or 3 plies and a total basis weight of from 23 to 146 g/m 2 and absorbent capacity values within the range of 7 to 10.
- Each ply of the preferred paper structure has a basis weight of 11 to 49 g/m 2 and the paper structure can consist of plies having the same or different basis weights.
- Each ply is preferably made from creped, or otherwise extensible, paper with crepe percentage of 15% to 40% and a machine direction (MD) tensile and cross-machine (CD) tensile of from 15.5 to 232.5 grams per square cm. of paper width.
- MD machine direction
- CD cross-machine
- the two outer plies of a 3-ply paper structure of each ply of a 2-ply paper structure are embossed with identical repeating patterns consisting of 2 to 310 discrete protuberances per square cm. raised to a height of from 0.25-mm to 1.00 mm above the surface of the unembossed paper sheet. From 10% to 60% of the paper sheet surface is raised.
- the distal ends (i.e., the ends away from the unembossed paper sheet surface) of the protuberances on each ply are mated and adhesively joined together, thereby providing a preferred paper structure exhibiting a compressive modulus of from 31 to 124-g/cm 3 and Handle-O-Meter (HOM) MD and CD values of from 10 to 130.
- HOM Handle-O-Meter
- the compressive modulus values which define the compressive deformation characteristics of a paper structure compressively loaded on its opposing surfaces, the HOM values which refer to the stiffness or handle of a paper structure, the MD and CD HOM values which refer to HOM values obtained from paper structure samples tested in a machine and cross-machine direction, the methods of determining these values, the equipment used, and a more detailed disclosure of the above paper structure, as well as methods of its preparation, can be found in Wells, U.S. Pat. No. 3,415,459, issued December 3, 1968.
- the preferred nonwoven cloth substrates usable in the invention herein can generally be defined as adhesively bonded fibrous or filamentous products, having a web or carded fiber structure (where the fiber strength is suitable to allow carding) or comprising fibrous mats, in which the fibers or filaments are distributed haphazardly or in random array (i.e., an array of fibers in a carded web wherein partial orientation of the fibers is frequently present, as well as a completely haphazard distributional orientation) or substantially aligned.
- the fibers or filaments can be natural (e.g., wool, silk, jute, hemp, cotton, linen, sisal, or ramie) or synthetic (e.g., rayon, cellulose, or polyesters) or blends thereof.
- nonwoven cloths are not a part of this invention and being well-known in the art, are not described in detail herein.
- such cloths are made by air or water laying processes in which the fibers or filaments are first cut to desired lengths from long strands, passed into a water or air stream, and then deposited onto a screen through which the fiber-laden air or water is passed. The deposited fibers or filaments are then adhesively bonded together, dried, cured and otherwise treated as desired to form the nonwoven cloth.
- Nonwoven cloths made of polyesters, polyamides, vinyl resins, and other thermoplastic fibers can be spunbonded, i.e., the fibers are spun out onto a flat surface and bonded (melted) together by heat or by chemical reactions.
- the absorbent properties desired herein are particularly easy to obtain with nonwoven cloths and are provided merely by building up the thickness of the cloth, i.e., by superimposing a plurality of carded webs or mats to a.thickness adequate to obtain the desired absorbent properties, or by allowing a sufficient thickness of the fibers to deposit on the screen.
- Any diameter or denier of the fiber (generally up to about 10 denier) can be used, inasmuch as it is the free space between each fiber that makes the thickness of the cloth directly related to the absorbent capacity of the cloth, and which further makes the nonwoven cloth especially suitable for impregnation with an adducted peroxyacid bleach by means of intersectional or capillary action.
- any thickness necessary to obtain the required absorbent capacity can be used.
- binder-resins used in the manufacture of nonwoven cloths can provide substrates posessing a variety of desirable-traits.
- the absorbent capacity of the cloth can be increased, decreased, or regulated by respectively using a hydrophilic binder-resin, a hydrophobic binder-resin or a mixture thereof in the fiber bonding step.
- the hydrophobic binder-resin when used singly or as the predominant .compound of a hydrophobic-hydrophilic mixture, provides nonwoven cloths which are especially useful as substrates when the precursor-substrate combinations disclosed herein are used in an automatic washer.
- the substrate herein is a nonwoven cloth made from fibers, deposited haphazardly or in random array on the screen, the compositions exhibit excellent strength in all directions and are not prone to tear or separate when used in the washer.
- Apertured nonwoven substrates are also useful for the purpose of the present invention.
- the apertures, which extend between opposite surfaces of the substrate can be in a pattern which can be formed during laydown of the fibers to produce the substrate, or by machine-aperturing of the substrate after it is formed.
- Exemplary apertured nonwoven substrates are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,741,724, Harmon, issued June 26, 1973; 3,930,086, Harmon, issued December 30, 1975; 3,750,237 Kalwaites, issued August 7, 1973; and 3,956,556, McQueary, issued May 11, 1976,
- the nonwoven cloth is water-laid or air-laid and is made from cellulosic fibers, particularly from regenerated cellulose or rayon, which are lubricated with standard textile lubricant.
- the fibers are from 4.75 mm to 5.1 mm in length and are from 1.5 to 5 denier (Denier is an internationally recognized unit in yarn measure, corresponding to the weight in grams of a 9,000 meter length of yarn).
- the fibers are at least partially oriented haphazardly, particularly substantially haphazardly, and are adhesively bonded together with hydrophobic or substantially hydrophobic binder-resin, particularly with a nonionic self-crosslinking acrylic polymer or polymers.
- the cloth comprises 70% fiber and 30% binder-resin polymer by weight and has a basis weight of from 12 to 120 , preferably 24 to 36 g/m 2 .
- One preferred example is an air-laid nonwoven cloth comprising 70% regenerated cellulose (American Viscose Corporation) and 30% hydrophobic binder-resins (Rhoplex HA-8 on one side of the cloth, R hoplex H A-16 on the other; Rohm and Haas Co.).
- the cloth has a thickness of 4 to 5 mils., a basis weight of 28.7 g/m 2
- the fibers are 6.5 mm in length, 1.5 denier, and are oriented substantially haphazardly.
- the fibers are lubricated with sodium oleate.
- a further preferred substrate is a mechanically laid, nonwoven cloth commercially available from Chicopee Mills, Inc., New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903.
- the fibers are rayon of 1.5 denier and the composition of the nonwoven fabric is 78% rayon and 22% binder.
- the fabric is uniformly patterned with diamond-shaped holes at 6.45 holes per square cm.
- the substrate has a basis weight of 34.6 g/m 2 . 30 cm length of the substrate, 23 cm wide, weighs 2.4 grams.
- the cloth is sold under the name "Chicopee Keyback 147" by Chicopee Manufacturing Co., Milltown, New Jersey.
- a further class of substrate material that can be used in the present invention comprises an absorbent foam-like material in the form of a sheet.
- absorbent foam-like material is intended to encompass three dimensional absorptive materials such as "gas blown foams, natural sponges and composite fibrous based structures such as are disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,311,115, Mueller et al., issued March 28, 1967, and 3,430,630, Megison et al., issued March 4, 1969,
- Synthetic organic polymeric plastics material such as polyether, polyurethane, polyester, polystyrene, polyvinylchloride, nylon, polyethylene and polypropylene are most often employed and a particularly preferred material of this type is a hydrophilic polyurethane foam in which the internal cellular walls of the foam have been broken by reticulation. Foams of this type are described in detail in U.S. Pat. No. 3,794,029, Dulle, issued Feb.
- a specific example of this foam type comprises a hydrophilic polyurethane foam of density 0.036 g/cm 3 with a cell count of between 8 and 40 cells per cm ., preferably 24 to 32 per cm available from the Scott Paper Company, Eddystone, Pennsylvania, USA, under the Registered Trade Mark "Hydrofoam.”
- the size and the shape of the substrate sheet are a matter of choice and are determined principally by factors associated with the convenience of its use. Thus the sheet should not be so small as to become trapped in the crevices of the machine or the clothes being washed or so large as to be awkward to package and dispense from the container in which it is sold.
- sheets ranging in area from 129 cm 2 to 1290 cm 2 are acceptable, the preferred area lying in the range of from 516to 1032 cm 2 for nonwoven substrates and 193 to 322 cm 2 for foamed sheets.
- Such a size has the additional advantage of being too large to be swallowed by, e.g., small children, thereby minimizing the risk of internal tissue damage from ingestion of the materials absorbed on the substrate.
- the adduct herein is present on the substrate in combination with a surfactant, the amount of surfactant being from . 0.5% to 5% by weight of the adduct.
- an aqueous slurry of the urea-adducted peroxyacid bleach compound is first prepared. This can be done by simply mixing the granular adduct with water which contains a surfactant.
- the amount of surfactant should be from 0.5% to 5% of the weight of adduct.
- the granules of adduct should have a size of from 0.16 mm to 1.4 mm..
- the concentration of adduct in the slurry can be from 20% to 80% based on the total weight of slurry.
- the concentration of adduct should be chosen so as to use the least amount of water necessary to provide good coating and efficient operation of the coating process, since water must be removed from the coated article in .the final step of the process.
- the slurry can be applied to the substrate by any conventional method used to apply a fluid composition to a substrate, e.g.,-by spraying, brushing, spreading with a doctor blade, etc.
- a particularly preferred mode of application when the substrate is an absorbent sheet-type material is that which is known as padding.
- the slurry of adducted peroxyacid bleach (and any optional materials) is placed into a pan or trough.
- To the liquid mixture is then added any optional ingredients.
- a roll of absorbent substrate is then set up on an apparatus so that it can unroll freely. As the substrate unrolls, it travels downwardly and, submersed, passes through the pan or trough containing the slurry at a slow enough speed to allow sufficient impregnation.
- the absorbent substrate then travels, at the same speed, upwardly and through a pair of rollers which squeeze off excess slurry.
- the impregnated substrate is then passed through a drying atmosphere to remove most or all of the water. After the drying step, the substrate can be folded, cut or perforated at uniform lengths, and subsequently packaged and/or used.
- rollers used resemble "squeeze rolls" used by those in the paper and papermaking art; they can be made of hard rubber or steel.
- the rollers are adjustable, so that the orifice between their respective surfaces can be adjusted to control the amount of the slurry on the substrate.
- the slurry of adducted peroxyacid bleach is sprayed onto absorbent substrate as it unrolls.
- the unrolled substrate web is arranged to move under the spray nozzle at a predetermined speed so as to receive a uniform coating of the slurry.
- the article is subjected to an evaporative drying step (preferably via a moving stream of air) to remove substantially all of the water.
- an evaporative drying step preferably via a moving stream of air
- substantially all of the water is meant that the article is dried to the point where it is no longer damp to the touch.
- the amount of water left on the article will be less than about 0.5% by weight of the article.
- surfactants can be used in preparing the slurry. See McCutcheon's Detergents and Emulsifiers, North American Ed., (1980), incorporated by reference herein.
- Preferred surfactants are of the anionic type.
- Typical anionic surfactants are the alkali metal salts of C 8 -C 15 alkyl benzene sulfonates and of C 8 -C 20 alkyl sulfates, C 8 -C 20 alkyl- ethyleneoxide sulfates or paraffin sulfonates.
- Nonionic surfactants such as fatty alcohol ethoxylates, although operable, are preferably not used since the chemical stability of the peroxyacid bleach'is not as good in the presence of these surfactants.
- optional ingredients can be included in the products herein. These include perfumes, optical brighteners, germicides, chelators, pH control agents, stabilizers, etc. Such optional ingredients can most conveniently be included by adding them to the aqueous slurry of the adducted peroxyacid bleach prior to application of the slurry to the substrate.
- a substrate bleach product designed to deliver about 6 ppm of available oxygen (AvO) from peroxydodecanoic acid to the wash is prepared in the following manner:
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US29765981A | 1981-08-31 | 1981-08-31 | |
US297659 | 1994-08-29 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0073541A2 true EP0073541A2 (de) | 1983-03-09 |
EP0073541A3 EP0073541A3 (en) | 1984-12-19 |
EP0073541B1 EP0073541B1 (de) | 1987-06-16 |
Family
ID=23147232
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19820201028 Expired EP0073541B1 (de) | 1981-08-31 | 1982-08-16 | Wäschebleichmittel |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0073541B1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE3276581D1 (de) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0098129A1 (de) * | 1982-06-30 | 1984-01-11 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Detergens-Zusatzprodukt |
US4655781A (en) * | 1984-07-02 | 1987-04-07 | The Clorox Company | Stable bleaching compositions |
US4659519A (en) * | 1984-07-02 | 1987-04-21 | The Clorox Company | Process for synthesizing alkyl monoperoxysuccinic acid bleaching compositions |
WO2006124483A1 (en) * | 2005-05-13 | 2006-11-23 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Bleaching product |
EP1860177A1 (de) * | 2006-05-22 | 2007-11-28 | Bolton Manitoba SpA | Reinigungsartikel |
WO2010084203A1 (de) * | 2009-01-26 | 2010-07-29 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Waschzusatzartikel |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1221993A (fr) * | 1958-03-07 | 1960-06-07 | Unilever Nv | Agent de blanchiment |
LU70331A1 (de) * | 1974-06-17 | 1976-05-31 | ||
FR2305532A1 (fr) * | 1975-03-27 | 1976-10-22 | Procter & Gamble | Compositions et articles pour blanchir les textiles |
-
1982
- 1982-08-16 EP EP19820201028 patent/EP0073541B1/de not_active Expired
- 1982-08-16 DE DE8282201028T patent/DE3276581D1/de not_active Expired
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1221993A (fr) * | 1958-03-07 | 1960-06-07 | Unilever Nv | Agent de blanchiment |
LU70331A1 (de) * | 1974-06-17 | 1976-05-31 | ||
FR2305532A1 (fr) * | 1975-03-27 | 1976-10-22 | Procter & Gamble | Compositions et articles pour blanchir les textiles |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0098129A1 (de) * | 1982-06-30 | 1984-01-11 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Detergens-Zusatzprodukt |
US4619779A (en) * | 1982-06-30 | 1986-10-28 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Detergent additive product |
US4655781A (en) * | 1984-07-02 | 1987-04-07 | The Clorox Company | Stable bleaching compositions |
US4659519A (en) * | 1984-07-02 | 1987-04-21 | The Clorox Company | Process for synthesizing alkyl monoperoxysuccinic acid bleaching compositions |
WO2006124483A1 (en) * | 2005-05-13 | 2006-11-23 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Bleaching product |
US7517847B2 (en) | 2005-05-13 | 2009-04-14 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Bleaching product comprising a water-soluble film coated with bleaching agents |
EP1860177A1 (de) * | 2006-05-22 | 2007-11-28 | Bolton Manitoba SpA | Reinigungsartikel |
WO2010084203A1 (de) * | 2009-01-26 | 2010-07-29 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Waschzusatzartikel |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3276581D1 (en) | 1987-07-23 |
EP0073541A3 (en) | 1984-12-19 |
EP0073541B1 (de) | 1987-06-16 |
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