EP0071986A2 - Superconducting coil - Google Patents

Superconducting coil Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0071986A2
EP0071986A2 EP82107077A EP82107077A EP0071986A2 EP 0071986 A2 EP0071986 A2 EP 0071986A2 EP 82107077 A EP82107077 A EP 82107077A EP 82107077 A EP82107077 A EP 82107077A EP 0071986 A2 EP0071986 A2 EP 0071986A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coil
superconducting
field strength
magnetic
winding cross
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EP82107077A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0071986B1 (en
EP0071986A3 (en
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Cord-Henrich Dr. Dipl.-Phys. Dustmann
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BBC Brown Boveri AG Germany
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Brown Boveri und Cie AG Germany
BBC Brown Boveri AG Germany
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/035—Open gradient magnetic separators, i.e. separators in which the gap is unobstructed, characterised by the configuration of the gap
    • B03C1/0355—Open gradient magnetic separators, i.e. separators in which the gap is unobstructed, characterised by the configuration of the gap using superconductive coils
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F6/00—Superconducting magnets; Superconducting coils
    • H01F6/06—Coils, e.g. winding, insulating, terminating or casing arrangements therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a superconducting coil for generating high magnetic fields with high field strength gradients in a useful space.
  • magnetizable materials are separated from non-magnetizable materials, for example separation of weak magnetic ore such as hematite from rock, or separation of pyrite from coal.
  • the separating force results from the product of the magnetizability of the material to be separated with the magnitude of the magnetic field strength and the local gradient of the magnetic field strength.
  • a high magnetic field strength can be generated by superconducting windings because of their high realizable current densities while avoiding ohmic losses.
  • Rectangular winding cross sections are used in the magnet systems according to the publications mentioned.
  • the maximum feasible magnetic field strength that can be achieved when using rectangular winding cross sections within this wick lungsqueriteses is limited in superconducting windings by the material-related critical magnetic field strength.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a superconducting coil or coil arrangement, the coil configuration and cross section of which allows the generation of high magnetic fields with high gradients of the magnetic field strength in a usable space, taking into account the problems described.
  • This object is achieved in that the winding cross section of the superconducting coil tapers with increasing distance from the usable space. As a result, the location of maximum magnetic field strength can be shifted relatively far from the usable space compared to rectangular winding cross sections, without the gradient of the magnetic field strength in the usable space being reduced.
  • the winding cross section of the superconducting coil is at least approximately trapezoidal, the longer trapezoidal base being oriented towards the usable space.
  • a theoretically favorable winding cross section of the coil is approximated by a closed polygon.
  • This polyline is preferably represented by a step function, taking the conductor dimensions into account.
  • the superconducting windings of the coil which are in the range of maximum magnetic field strength, are made of superconducting material with a particularly high critical magnetic field strength, e.g. Nb 3 Sn (critical magnetic field strength approximately 8 to 9T). Only the cross-sectional areas of the superconducting coil, where the occurrence of maximum magnetic field strength is expected, are provided with windings, the material of which has a particularly high critical magnetic field strength.
  • a material is, for example, Nb 3 Sn with a critical magnetic field strength of approximately 13 to 14T.
  • Nb 3 Sn is relatively expensive and problematic to process because it is very brittle.
  • the claimed embodiment of the invention is of particular advantage for an arrangement of superconducting coils in a magnet system, in which the mutually facing cross sections of two adjacent coils form a common winding cross section, which tapers with increasing distance from the usable space.
  • the cross-sections of two adjacent coils, through which current flows simultaneously can lie against one another and form a structural unit with a common trapezoidal winding cross section, the longer trapezoidal base side of which is directed towards the usable space.
  • the two outer winding cross sections of the magnet system are preferably provided with a smaller (for example half as large) cross-sectional area as the inner winding cross sections of the magnet system.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show a belt magnetic separator, in which four superconducting magnetic coils are arranged under a conveyor belt 1.
  • the coils 2 are oval or race-track-shaped and lie with their respective longitudinal axes in the running direction (arrow 14) of the conveyor belt 1.
  • the windings of two adjacent coils 2 abut each other in the region of their straight sections 3 and in this way form a common winding cross section 4.
  • two adjacent coils have current flowing through them in opposite directions, so that a uniform current direction occurs in each of the common winding cross sections 4.
  • the winding cross sections 4 of the coils 2 are trapezoidal.
  • the entire coil arrangement is shielded from the ambient temperature by cryotechnical insulation 5, which is only indicated by a dashed line.
  • this insulation 5 requires a minimum distance between the superconducting windings and the useful space 6, which cannot be reduced at will.
  • the conveyor belt 1 runs on which the material 7 to be separated is guided past the coil arrangement. The more magnetizable material travels to locations of increasing gradients of the magnetic field strength (in the vicinity of the coil cross-sections 4) and passes there, while only slightly magnetizable material remains almost unaffected.
  • Figure 3 shows the cross section of a single coil which is substantially trapezoidal.
  • the trapezoidal leg pointing towards the center of the coil is approximated by a step function 8.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 show drum magnetic separators with superconducting coils according to the invention.
  • superconducting magnetic coils 10 designed in race-track form are arranged next to one another in the drum in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the drum.
  • the coil shape is adapted to the curvature of the cylinder.
  • the cross section of the coil arrangement can correspond to the arrangement shown schematically in FIG.
  • the superconducting magnet coils 11 are D-shaped and strung together to form a coil arrangement.
  • the section of the magnetic coils 11 facing the cylinder surface can have a trapezoidal cross section, the longer base side of which is oriented towards the outside of the cylinder surface, which is followed by the usable space for material separation.
  • FIG. 6 shows the magnitude of the magnetic field strength B as a spatial function.
  • An axis x is chosen as the spatial parameter, which points out of the winding cross section 12 and extends into the useful space 13.
  • the solid line shows the magnetic field strength curve for a rectangular winding cross section, while the dashed curve shows the magnetic field strength for a trapezoidal winding cross section according to the invention. It can be seen that in the winding cross section according to the invention (dashed curve) the point of maximum magnetic field strength is shifted towards usable space 13. This leads to a considerable increase in the magnetic field strength in the usable space of approx. 10 to 20%.
  • the gradient of the magnetic field strength in the useful space 13 has approximately the same value for a winding cross section according to the invention as for a rectangular winding cross section.
  • the increase in the amount of magnetic field strength in the usable space increases the separating force in magnetic separators.
  • the modification of the winding cross-section of the superconducting magnet coils according to the invention does not require any additional effort in comparison to magnet coils manufactured according to the prior art, depending on the overall embodiment.

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging Apparatus (AREA)
  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

1. Flat supraconductive magnetic coil (2, 10, 11) for non-overlapping side-by-side arrangement in magnetic separators for generating strong magnetic fields having high magnetic field strength gradients within the range of a useful space (6, 13) extending adjacently to the cross-sectional area of the coil above the latter, characterised in that the winding cross-section (4, 12) of the coil (2, 10, 11) tapers down with increasing distance from the useful space (6, 13).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine supraleitende Spule zur Erzeugung hoher Magnetfelder mit hohem Feldstärkegradienten in einem Nutzraum.The invention relates to a superconducting coil for generating high magnetic fields with high field strength gradients in a useful space.

Es ist bekannt zur Erzeugung hoher Gradienten der Magnetfeldstärke zur Fokusierung geladener Teilchen in Beschleunigern Quadrupolmagnete zu verwenden. Es wurde eine supraleitende Ausführungsform einer solchen Anordnung mit einem Quadrupolmagneten beschrieben (F. Arendt, Bau und Betrieb zweier supraleitender Quadrupolmagnete für ein Hyperonenexperiment im CERN, Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe KfK-2632 (1979)). Bei der beschriebenen Ausführungsform wird der magnetische Rückfluß durch ein Eisenjoch geführt.It is known to use quadrupole magnets to generate high gradients of the magnetic field strength for focusing charged particles in accelerators. A superconducting embodiment of such an arrangement with a quadrupole magnet has been described (F. Arendt, construction and operation of two superconducting quadrupole magnets for a hyperon experiment at CERN, Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe KfK-2632 (1979)). In the described embodiment, the magnetic reflux is conducted through an iron yoke.

Ein weiteres Anwendungsgebiet für hohe Magnetfelder mit hohen Gradienten der Magnetfeldstärke ist bei Magnetscheidern gegeben, bei denen magnetisierbare Materialien von nichtmagnetisierbaren Materialien getrennt werden z.B. Trennen von schwachmagnetischem Erz wie Hämatit von Gestein, oder Trennen von Pyrit aus der Kohle. Dabei ergibt sich die Trennkraft aus dem Produkt der Magnetisierbarkeit des zu trennenden Materials mit dem Betrag der magnetischen Feldstärke und dem örtlichen Gradienten der Magnetfeldstärke. Zur Erzielung eines möglichst großen Trenneffektes ist es daher erwünscht, am Ort des zu trennenden Gutes gleichzeitig sowohl eine möglichst hohe Magnetfeldstärke als auch einen möglichst hohen Gradienten der Magnetfeldstärke zu erzeugen. Insbesondere eine hohe Magnetfeldstärke läßt sich durch supraleitende Wicklungen wegen ihrer hohen realisierbaren Stromdichten bei gleichzeitiger Vermeidung von ohmschen Verlusten erzeugen. Jedoch läßt sich wegen der notwendigen kryotechnischen Isolation zwischen der supraleitenden Wicklung (ca. 5K) und dem zu trennenden Material (ca. 300K) ein gewisser Mindestabstand zwischen der supraleitenden Wicklung und dem zu trennenden Material nicht unterschreiten, so daß der Ort der maximalen Magnetfeldstärke, der innerhalb des Wicklungsquerschnittes liegt, nicht beliebig nah an den Nutzraum herangeführt werden kann.Another area of application for high magnetic fields with high gradients of the magnetic field strength is in magnetic separators in which magnetizable materials are separated from non-magnetizable materials, for example separation of weak magnetic ore such as hematite from rock, or separation of pyrite from coal. The separating force results from the product of the magnetizability of the material to be separated with the magnitude of the magnetic field strength and the local gradient of the magnetic field strength. In order to achieve the greatest possible separation effect, it is therefore desirable to simultaneously generate both the highest possible magnetic field strength and the highest possible gradient of the magnetic field strength at the location of the material to be separated. In particular, a high magnetic field strength can be generated by superconducting windings because of their high realizable current densities while avoiding ohmic losses. However, because of the necessary cryotechnical insulation between the superconducting winding (approx. 5K) and the material to be separated (approx. 300K), a certain minimum distance between the superconducting winding and the material to be separated cannot be undershot, so that the location of the maximum magnetic field strength, which lies within the winding cross-section, cannot be brought anywhere close to the usable space.

Es ist ein Magnetscheider mit supraleitenden Spulen bekannt geworden, (K. Schönert et al, Solenoid-pile Separator, a New High Intensity Magnetic Separator with Superconductive Coils, Proceedings of XIIth International Mineral Processing Congress, Sao Paulo, Brazil (1977)), bei dem ein hoher Gradient der Magnetfeldstärke durch Aufeinanderstapeln von wechselseitig entgegengesetzt gepolten Spulen realisiert ist.A magnetic separator with superconducting coils has become known, (K. Schönert et al, Solenoid-pile Separator, a New High Intensity Magnetic Separator with Superconductive Coils, Proceedings of XIIth International Mineral Processing Congress, Sao Paulo, Brazil (1977)) which a high gradient of the magnetic field strength is realized by stacking mutually oppositely polarized coils.

Bei den Magnetsystemen gemäß den genannten Druckschriften werden rechteckige Wicklungsquerschnitte verwendet. Die maximal realisierbare Magnetfeldstärke, die bei Verwendung rechteckiger Wicklungsquerschnitte innerhalb dieses Wicklungsquerschnittes liegt, ist bei supraleitenden Wicklungen durch die materialbedingte kritische Magnetfeldstärke begrenzt.Rectangular winding cross sections are used in the magnet systems according to the publications mentioned. The maximum feasible magnetic field strength that can be achieved when using rectangular winding cross sections within this wick lungsquerschnittes is limited in superconducting windings by the material-related critical magnetic field strength.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine supraleitende Spule oder Spulenanordnung zu schaffen, deren Spulenkonfiguration und -querschnitt die Erzeugung hoher Magnetfelder mit hohem Gradienten der Magnetfeldstärke in einem Nutzraum unter Berücksichtigung der geschilderten Probleme erlaubt.The object of the invention is to provide a superconducting coil or coil arrangement, the coil configuration and cross section of which allows the generation of high magnetic fields with high gradients of the magnetic field strength in a usable space, taking into account the problems described.

Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß der Wickelquerschnitt der supraleitenden Spule sich mit zunehmendemAbstand vom Nutzraum verjüngt. Hierdurch kann der Ort maximaler Magnetfeldstärke verglichen mit rechteckigen Wickelquerschnitten relativ weit zum Nutzraum hin verlagert werden, ohne daß der Gradient der Magentfeldstärke im Nutzraum verringert wird.This object is achieved in that the winding cross section of the superconducting coil tapers with increasing distance from the usable space. As a result, the location of maximum magnetic field strength can be shifted relatively far from the usable space compared to rectangular winding cross sections, without the gradient of the magnetic field strength in the usable space being reduced.

In vorteilhafter Weise ist der Wickelquerschnitt der supraleitenden Spule wenigstens annähernd trapezförmig ausgebildet, wobei die längere Trapezgrundseite zum Nutzraum hin ausgerichtet ist.Advantageously, the winding cross section of the superconducting coil is at least approximately trapezoidal, the longer trapezoidal base being oriented towards the usable space.

Vorzugsweise ist der Wickelquerschnitt der supraleitenden Spule hinsichtlich Form- und Flächeninhalt derart optimiert, daß der Ort der maximalen Magnetfeldstärke möglichst nahe am Nutzraum liegt. Als Optimierungsparameter gehen hier u.a. ein:

  • Querschnittsform (z.B. Höhe, Breite, Trapezwinkel) der Spule, Wickeldrahtabmessungen, Form der Spule und ggf. Anordnung mehrerer Spulen (z.B. D-förmig ausgebildete Spulen oder Spulen in race-track-Anordnung d.h. mit ovaler Wicklungsbahn).
The winding cross section of the superconducting coil is preferably optimized with regard to shape and surface area in such a way that the location of the maximum magnetic field strength is as close as possible to the usable space. The optimization parameters include:
  • Cross-sectional shape (e.g. height, width, trapezoidal angle) of the coil, winding wire dimensions, shape of the coil and possibly arrangement of several coils (e.g. D-shaped coils or coils in a race-track arrangement, ie with an oval winding path).

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist ein theoretisch günstiger Wickelquerschnitt der Spule durch einen geschlossenen Polygonzug angenähert.In a further embodiment of the invention, a theoretically favorable winding cross section of the coil is approximated by a closed polygon.

Dieser Polygonzug ist vorzugsweise durch eine Stufenfunktion dargestellt, wobei die Leiterdimensionen berücksichtigt werden.This polyline is preferably represented by a step function, taking the conductor dimensions into account.

Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung bestehen die supraleitenden Wicklungen der Spule, die im Bereich maximaler Magnetfeldstärke liegen, aus supraleitendem Material mit besonders hoher kritischer Magnetfeldstärke, z.B.Nb3Sn Auf diese Weise läßt sich die supraleitende Spule im wesentlichen aus relativ einfach zu verarbeitenden supraleitenden Materialien wie NbTi (kritische Magnetfeldstärke ungefähr 8 bis 9T) herstellen. Lediglich die Querschittsbereiche der supraleitenden Spule, bei denen das Auftreten maximaler Magnetfeldstärke erwartet wird, werden mit Wicklungen versehen, deren Material eine besonders hohe kritische Magnetfeldstärke aufweist. Solch ein Material ist z.B Nb3Sn mit einer kritischen Magnetfeldstärke von ungefähr 13 bis 14T. Nb3Sn ist jedoch relativ teuer und in der Verarbeitung problematisch, da es sehr spröde ist.According to a further advantageous embodiment, the superconducting windings of the coil, which are in the range of maximum magnetic field strength, are made of superconducting material with a particularly high critical magnetic field strength, e.g. Nb 3 Sn (critical magnetic field strength approximately 8 to 9T). Only the cross-sectional areas of the superconducting coil, where the occurrence of maximum magnetic field strength is expected, are provided with windings, the material of which has a particularly high critical magnetic field strength. Such a material is, for example, Nb 3 Sn with a critical magnetic field strength of approximately 13 to 14T. However, Nb 3 Sn is relatively expensive and problematic to process because it is very brittle.

Von besonderem Vorteil ist die beanspruchte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung für eine Anordnung von supraleitenden Spulen in einem Magnetsystem, bei der jeweils die einander zugewandten Querschnitte zweier benachbarter Spulen einen gemeinsamen Wickelquerschnitt bilden, der sich mit zunehmendem Abstand vom Nutzraum verjüngt. Bsw. können bei einer race-track-Anordnung die Querschnitte zweier benachbarter Spulen, die gleichläufig von Strom durchflossen werden, aneinanderliegen und eine Baueinheit mit gemeinsamen trapezförmigen Wickelquerschnitt bilden, dessen längere.Trapezgrundseite zum Nutzraum hin gerichtet ist. Vorzugsweise werden bei einer Anordnung von supraleitenden Spulen in einem Magnetsystem, das mehrere aneinandergereihte Wicklungsquerschnitte aufweist, die beiden äußeren Wicklungsquerschnitte des Magnetsystems mit einer kleineren (z.B. halb so großen) Querschnittsfläche versehen wie die inneren Wicklungsquerschnitte des Magnetsystems. Durch diese Ausgestaltung der Erfindung läßt sich das Auftreten einer Feldüberhöhung über das mittlere maximale Feld hinaus an den Rändern des Magnetsystems vermeiden.The claimed embodiment of the invention is of particular advantage for an arrangement of superconducting coils in a magnet system, in which the mutually facing cross sections of two adjacent coils form a common winding cross section, which tapers with increasing distance from the usable space. For example In a race-track arrangement, the cross-sections of two adjacent coils, through which current flows simultaneously, can lie against one another and form a structural unit with a common trapezoidal winding cross section, the longer trapezoidal base side of which is directed towards the usable space. In the case of an arrangement of superconducting coils in a magnet system which has a plurality of winding cross sections lined up, the two outer winding cross sections of the magnet system are preferably provided with a smaller (for example half as large) cross-sectional area as the inner winding cross sections of the magnet system. With this embodiment of the invention, the occurrence of a field increase beyond the average maximum field at the edges of the magnet system can be avoided.

Anhand der Zeichnung, in der mehrere Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung gezeigt sind, sollen die Erfindung sowie weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen näher erläutert werden.The invention and further advantageous refinements and developments are to be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing, in which several exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown.

Es zeigen:

  • Fig.1 eine schematische Darstellung eines Magnetscheiders mit einer race-track-Anordnung von supraleitenden Spulen über einem Förderband, in Richtung des Pfeils I in Fig. 2 gesehen,
  • Fig.2 eine schematische Darstellung gemäß Fig. 1 im Schnitt II-II,
  • Fig.3 einen Spulenquerschnitt,
  • Fig.4 eine schematische Darstellung eines Trommelmagnetscheiders mit einer race-track-Anordnung von supraleitenden Spulen in perspektivischer Darstellung,
  • Fig.5 eine schematische Darstellung eines Trommelmagnetscheiders mit nebeneinander angeordneten, D-förmig ausgebildeten supraleitenden Spulen in perspektivischer Darstellung und
  • Fig.6 eine Darstellung des örtlichen Verlaufs der Magnetfeldstärke.
Show it:
  • 1 shows a schematic illustration of a magnetic separator with a race-track arrangement of superconducting coils above a conveyor belt, seen in the direction of arrow I in FIG. 2,
  • 2 shows a schematic representation according to FIG. 1 in section II-II,
  • 3 shows a coil cross section,
  • 4 shows a schematic representation of a drum magnetic separator with a race-track arrangement of superconducting coils in a perspective representation,
  • 5 shows a schematic representation of a drum magnetic separator with D-shaped superconducting coils arranged next to one another in a perspective representation and
  • 6 shows a representation of the local course of the magnetic field strength.

Die Figuren 1 und 2 zeigen einen Bandmagnetscheider, bei dem unter einem Förderband 1 vier supraleitende Magnetspulen angeordnet sind. Die Spulen 2 sind oval oder race-track-förmig ausgebildet und liegen mit ihrer jeweiligen Längsachse in Laufrichtung (Pfeil 14) des Förderbandes 1. Die Wicklungen zweier benachbarter Spulen 2 stoßen im Bereich ihrer geraden Abschnitte 3 aneinander und bilden auf diese Weise einen gemeinsamen Wickelquerschnitt 4. Jeweils zwei benachbarte Spulen sind gegensinnig von Strom durchflossen, sodaß in jedem der gemeinsamen Wickelquerschnitte 4 eine einheitliche Stromrichtung auftritt.Figures 1 and 2 show a belt magnetic separator, in which four superconducting magnetic coils are arranged under a conveyor belt 1. The coils 2 are oval or race-track-shaped and lie with their respective longitudinal axes in the running direction (arrow 14) of the conveyor belt 1. The windings of two adjacent coils 2 abut each other in the region of their straight sections 3 and in this way form a common winding cross section 4. In each case, two adjacent coils have current flowing through them in opposite directions, so that a uniform current direction occurs in each of the common winding cross sections 4.

Wie aus Fig. 2 ersichtlich, sind die Wickelquerschnitte 4 der Spulen 2 trapezförmig. Die gesamte Spulenanordnung ist durch eine kryotechnische Isolation 5 gegen die Umgebungstemperatur abgeschirmt, was lediglich durch eine strichlierte Linie angedeutet ist. Insbesondere diese Isolation 5 bedingt einen Mindestabstand zwischen den supraleitenden Wicklungen und dem Nutzraum 6, der nicht beliebig verringert werden kann. Außerhalb der Isolation 5 läuft das Förderband 1, auf dem das zu trennende Gut 7 an der Spulenanordnung vorbeigeführt wird. Das stärker magnetisierbare Material wandert während des Passierens der Spulenanordnung zu Orten wachsender Gradienten der Magnetfeldstärke (in die Nähe der Spulenquerschnitte 4) und reichert sich dort an, während das nur gering magnetisierbare Material so gut wie unbeeinflußt bleibt.As can be seen from FIG. 2, the winding cross sections 4 of the coils 2 are trapezoidal. The entire coil arrangement is shielded from the ambient temperature by cryotechnical insulation 5, which is only indicated by a dashed line. In particular, this insulation 5 requires a minimum distance between the superconducting windings and the useful space 6, which cannot be reduced at will. Outside the insulation 5, the conveyor belt 1 runs on which the material 7 to be separated is guided past the coil arrangement. The more magnetizable material travels to locations of increasing gradients of the magnetic field strength (in the vicinity of the coil cross-sections 4) and passes there, while only slightly magnetizable material remains almost unaffected.

Figur 3 zeigt den Querschnitt einer einzelnen Spule, der im wesentlichen trapezförmig ausgebildet ist. Der zur Spulenmitte weisende Trapezschenkel ist durch eine Stufenfunktion 8 angenähert.Figure 3 shows the cross section of a single coil which is substantially trapezoidal. The trapezoidal leg pointing towards the center of the coil is approximated by a step function 8.

In den Figuren 4 und 5 sind Trommelmagnetscheider mit erfindungsgemäßen supraleitenden Spulen dargestellt. Gemäß Figur 4 sind in einer Trommel 9 race-track-förmig ausgebildete supraleitende Magentspulen 10 in Richtung der Trommellängsachse nebeneinander angeordnet. Die Spulenform ist hier der Zylinderkrümmung angepaßt. Der Querschnitt der Spulenanordnung kann der in Figur 2 schematisch dargestellten Anordnung entsprechen.FIGS. 4 and 5 show drum magnetic separators with superconducting coils according to the invention. According to FIG. 4, superconducting magnetic coils 10 designed in race-track form are arranged next to one another in the drum in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the drum. The coil shape is adapted to the curvature of the cylinder. The cross section of the coil arrangement can correspond to the arrangement shown schematically in FIG.

Gemäß Figur 5 sind die supraleitenden Magnetspulen 11 D-förmig ausgebildet und zu einer Spulenanordnung aneinandergereiht. Der der Zylinderoberfläche zugewandete Abschnitt der Magnetspulen 11 kann einen trapezförmigen Querschnitt aufweisen, dessen längere Grundseite nach außen zur Zylinderoberfläche hin, an die sich der Nutzraum für Materialtrennung anschließt, ausgerichtet ist.According to Figure 5, the superconducting magnet coils 11 are D-shaped and strung together to form a coil arrangement. The section of the magnetic coils 11 facing the cylinder surface can have a trapezoidal cross section, the longer base side of which is oriented towards the outside of the cylinder surface, which is followed by the usable space for material separation.

Die Figur 6 stellt den Betrag der Magnetfeldstärke B als Ortsfunktion dar. Als Ortsparameter ist eine Achse x gewählt, die aus dem Wicklungsquerschnitt 12 herausweist und sich bis in den Nutzraum 13 erstreckt. Die durchgezogene Linie zeigt den Magnetfeldstärkeverlauf für einen rechteckigen Wicklungsquerschnitt, während die strichlierte Kurve die Magnetfeldstärke für einen erfindungsgemäßen trapezförmigen Wicklungsquerschnitt zeigt. Es ist ersichtlich, daß bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Wicklungsquerschnitt (strichlierte Kurve) der Punkt maximaler Magnetfeldstärke in Richtung Nutzraum 13 verlagert ist. Dies führt zu einer erheblichen Erhöhung der Magnetfeldstärke im Nutzraum von ca. 10 bis 20%. Der Gradient der Magnetfeldstärke im Nutzraum 13 hat bei einem erfindungsgemäßen Wicklungsquerschnitt etwa den gleichen Wert wie bei einem rechteckigen Wicklungsquerschnitt.FIG. 6 shows the magnitude of the magnetic field strength B as a spatial function. An axis x is chosen as the spatial parameter, which points out of the winding cross section 12 and extends into the useful space 13. The solid line shows the magnetic field strength curve for a rectangular winding cross section, while the dashed curve shows the magnetic field strength for a trapezoidal winding cross section according to the invention. It can be seen that in the winding cross section according to the invention (dashed curve) the point of maximum magnetic field strength is shifted towards usable space 13. This leads to a considerable increase in the magnetic field strength in the usable space of approx. 10 to 20%. The gradient of the magnetic field strength in the useful space 13 has approximately the same value for a winding cross section according to the invention as for a rectangular winding cross section.

Die Erhöhung des Betrages der Magnetfeldstärke im Nutzraum erhöht bei Magnetscheidern die Trennkraft.The increase in the amount of magnetic field strength in the usable space increases the separating force in magnetic separators.

Die erfindungsgemäße Modifikation des Wickelquerschnittes der supraleitenden Magnetspulen bedingt je nach Gesamtausführungsform bei der Fertigung keinen Zusatzaufwand gegenüber nach dem Stand der Technik gefertigten Magnetspulen.The modification of the winding cross-section of the superconducting magnet coils according to the invention does not require any additional effort in comparison to magnet coils manufactured according to the prior art, depending on the overall embodiment.

Claims (8)

1. Supraleitende Magnetspule (2, 10, 11) zur Erzeugung hoher Magnetfelder mit hohem Gradienten der Magnetfeldstärke in einem Nutzraum (6, 13), dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß der Wickelquerschnitt (4, 12) der Spule (2, 10, 11) sich mit zunehmendem Abstand vom Nutzraum (6, 13) verjüngt.1. Superconducting magnetic coil (2, 10, 11) for generating high magnetic fields with high gradients of the magnetic field strength in a useful space (6, 13), characterized in that the winding cross section (4, 12) of the coil (2, 10, 11) itself tapers with increasing distance from the usable space (6, 13). 2. Supraleitende Magnetspule nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Wickelquerschnitt (4, 12) der Spule (2, 10, 11) wenigstens annähernd trapezförmig ausgebildet ist und die längere Trapezgrundseite zum Nutzraum (6, 13) hin gerichtet ist.2. Superconducting magnetic coil according to claim 1, characterized in that the winding cross-section (4, 12) of the coil (2, 10, 11) is at least approximately trapezoidal and the longer trapezoidal base side is directed towards the useful space (6, 13). 3. Supraleitende Magnetspule nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Wicklungsquerschnitt (4, 12) der Spule (2, 10, 11) hinsichtlich Form und Flächeninhalt derart optimiert ist, daß der Ort der maximalen Magentfeldstärke möglichst nahe am Nutzraum (6, 13) liegt.3. Superconducting magnetic coil according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the winding cross section (4, 12) of the coil (2, 10, 11) is optimized in terms of shape and surface area such that the location of the maximum magnetic field strength as close as possible to the useful space (6 , 13) lies. 4. Supraleitende Magnetspule nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein theoretisch günstiger Wickelquerschnitt (4, 12) der Spule (2, 10, 11) durch einen geschlossenen Polygonzug angenähert ist.4. Superconducting magnet coil according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a theoretically favorable winding cross-section (4, 12) of the coil (2, 10, 11) is approximated by a closed polygon. 5. Supraleitende Maghetspule nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Polygonzug wenigstens teilweise durch eine Stufenfunktion (8) dargestellt ist.5. Superconducting magnet coil according to claim 4, characterized in that the polyline is at least partially represented by a step function (8). 6. Supraleitende Magnetspule nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die supraleitenden Wicklungen der Spule (2, 10, 11), die im Bereich maximaler Magnetfeldstärke liegen, aus supraleitenden Materialien mit besonders hoher kritischer Magnetfeldstärke, z.B. Nb3Sn bestehen.6. Superconducting magnetic coil according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the superconducting windings of the coil (2, 10, 11), which are in the range of maximum magnetic field strength, consist of superconducting materials with a particularly high critical magnetic field strength, for example Nb 3 Sn . 7. Anordnung von supraleitenden Magentspulen nach einem der Anprüche 1 bis 6, in einem Magentsystem, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeweils die einander zugewandten Spulenabschnitte zweier benachbarter Spulen (2, 10) zu einer Baueinheit zusammengefaßt sind und einen gemeinsamen Wickelquerschnitt (4) bilden, der sich mit zunehmenden Abstand von Nutzraum (6, 13) verjüngt.7. Arrangement of superconducting magnetic coils according to one of claims 1 to 6, in a magnetic system, characterized in that the mutually facing coil sections of two adjacent coils (2, 10) are combined to form a structural unit and form a common winding cross section (4) tapers with increasing distance from usable space (6, 13). 8. Anordnung von supraleitenden Magentspulen nach einem der Anprüche 1 bis 7, in einem Magnetsystem, das mehrere aneinandergereihte wickelquerschnitte aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden äußeren Wickelquerschnitte des Magnetsystems eine kleinerevorzugsweise halb so große Querschnittsfläche aufweisen, wie die inneren Wicklungsquerschnitte (4) des Magnetsystems.8. Arrangement of superconducting magnetic coils according to one of claims 1 to 7, in a magnet system having a plurality of winding cross sections lined up, characterized in that the two outer winding cross sections of the magnet system have a smaller cross-sectional area, preferably half as large, as the inner winding cross sections (4) of the Magnet system.
EP19820107077 1981-08-08 1982-08-05 Superconducting coil Expired EP0071986B1 (en)

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DE3131480 1981-08-08
DE19813131480 DE3131480A1 (en) 1981-08-08 1981-08-08 SUPERCONDUCTIVE COIL

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EP0071986A2 true EP0071986A2 (en) 1983-02-16
EP0071986A3 EP0071986A3 (en) 1983-05-04
EP0071986B1 EP0071986B1 (en) 1985-12-27

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Cited By (3)

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DE3505284A1 (en) * 1984-02-24 1985-09-05 Mitsubishi Denki K.K., Tokio/Tokyo SUPERCONDUCTIVE COIL
EP1156497A1 (en) * 2000-05-17 2001-11-21 ICT Integrated Circuit Testing GmbH Method and device for manufacturing of saddle coils
CN113889314A (en) * 2021-11-08 2022-01-04 西安聚能超导磁体科技有限公司 Magnetic control single crystal pulling superconducting magnet coil and superconducting magnet device

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DE2650528A1 (en) * 1976-11-04 1978-05-18 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag MAGNETIC CUTTER
DE2830852B2 (en) * 1978-07-13 1980-07-31 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen Cooling device for the rotor of an electrical machine

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3505284A1 (en) * 1984-02-24 1985-09-05 Mitsubishi Denki K.K., Tokio/Tokyo SUPERCONDUCTIVE COIL
EP1156497A1 (en) * 2000-05-17 2001-11-21 ICT Integrated Circuit Testing GmbH Method and device for manufacturing of saddle coils
WO2001088932A1 (en) * 2000-05-17 2001-11-22 Ict, Integrated Circuit Testing Gesellschaft Für Halbleiterprüftechnik Mbh Method and device for manufacturing of saddle coils
CN113889314A (en) * 2021-11-08 2022-01-04 西安聚能超导磁体科技有限公司 Magnetic control single crystal pulling superconducting magnet coil and superconducting magnet device

Also Published As

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DE3131480A1 (en) 1983-02-24
DE3131480C2 (en) 1992-01-30
EP0071986B1 (en) 1985-12-27
EP0071986A3 (en) 1983-05-04

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