EP0071121B1 - Forge-proof document - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- EP0071121B1 EP0071121B1 EP82106438A EP82106438A EP0071121B1 EP 0071121 B1 EP0071121 B1 EP 0071121B1 EP 82106438 A EP82106438 A EP 82106438A EP 82106438 A EP82106438 A EP 82106438A EP 0071121 B1 EP0071121 B1 EP 0071121B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- information carrier
- gelatine
- layer
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- document according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M3/00—Printing processes to produce particular kinds of printed work, e.g. patterns
- B41M3/14—Security printing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/40—Manufacture
- B42D25/45—Associating two or more layers
- B42D25/465—Associating two or more layers using chemicals or adhesives
- B42D25/47—Associating two or more layers using chemicals or adhesives using adhesives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/40—Manufacture
- B42D25/405—Marking
- B42D25/415—Marking using chemicals
- B42D25/42—Marking using chemicals by photographic processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/40—Manufacture
- B42D25/45—Associating two or more layers
- B42D25/455—Associating two or more layers using heat
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/76—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers
- G03C1/95—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers rendered opaque or writable, e.g. with inert particulate additives
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C11/00—Auxiliary processes in photography
- G03C11/08—Varnishing, e.g. application of protective layers on finished photographic prints
-
- B42D2033/04—
-
- B42D2033/14—
-
- B42D2033/30—
-
- B42D2033/32—
-
- B42D2035/02—
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- B42D2035/06—
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- B42D2035/08—
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- B42D2035/26—
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
- B42D25/378—Special inks
- B42D25/387—Special inks absorbing or reflecting ultraviolet light
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/40—Manufacture
- B42D25/45—Associating two or more layers
- B42D25/46—Associating two or more layers using pressure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S283/00—Printed matter
- Y10S283/904—Credit card
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/916—Fraud or tamper detecting
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
- Y10T428/24893—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.] including particulate material
Definitions
- the invention relates to a photographic information carrier which is laminated on one or both sides with plastic films.
- Forgery-proof documents are becoming increasingly important. You will e.g. used in the form of credit cards from banks, retail stores, oil companies, airlines or credit companies to facilitate cashless payments. Such documents contain information that relates to the owner as well as the body issuing the document and that is in both interests to be protected against counterfeiting. There has been no shortage of attempts to provide information carriers of the type mentioned above in a forgery-proof manner.
- a printed information carrier consisting of a paper card and a film border, a so-called “composite rivet”, is welded between two transparent films.
- the foil border provides for an edge welding that encompasses the edges of the paper card, which makes it difficult to split the welded card (DE-OS 2 756 691).
- FR-A-1584105 describes a credit card consisting of a rigid plastic film, to which an adhesive layer consisting of acrylate copolymer, gelatin, plasticizer and solvent is applied, whereupon this layer structure is laminated onto a photographic layer with a support.
- a disadvantage of the known lamination processes is that the foils used for this purpose bond only incompletely to the surface of the information carrier during welding and thus offer only limited protection against counterfeiting. Edge welding also does not mean any significant improvement under these circumstances, as it can be easily removed and replaced again.
- the known lamination processes also have the disadvantage that the laminated film can be separated from the paper backing by heating or by chemical means.
- the invention has for its object to provide a tamper-proof document with an information carrier in the form of a photographically and printing technology prepared photographic material in which the entire surface of the information carrier is inextricably linked with a transparent film material and the information attached to the information carrier without destroying the Information carriers are no longer accessible and are therefore reliably protected against subsequent changes.
- the invention relates to a forgery-proof document consisting of an information carrier provided with information on one or both sides with at least one transparent film laminated by means of an adhesive layer and formed from a photographic material, the information carrier at least one gelatin layer carrying a photographic silver or dye image, optionally one has an outer gelatin-containing protective layer attached on the emulsion side and an outer gelatin-containing protective layer and an outer backside gelatin-containing layer and at least the outer layers of the gelatin-containing particles, the size of which is smaller than 0.1 11 m, of a homo- or copolymer of an acrylic acid or and contains methacrylic acid ester. If necessary, these homopolymers or copolymers can also contain small amounts of e.g. contain up to 10 mol% of other comonomers in polymerized form. When selecting these additional components, care must be taken to ensure that the polymer remains essentially water-insoluble.
- the homo- or copolymers of acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid esters contained in the gelatin layers of the information carrier - hereinafter referred to as polymer - are based on aliphatic C 1 to C 12 esters.
- the polymers are added to the casting solutions used to prepare the gelatin layers in the form of latices, which can be prepared by generally known processes with a solids content of 20 to 60% by weight and a particle size of less than 0.1 11 m. Particles with a size of 0.01 to 0.07 11 m are preferred for the present application.
- the corresponding methyl, ethyl and butyl esters are particularly suitable.
- the ethyl esters and in particular polyethyl acrylate are preferred.
- the gelatin layers, in particular the outer layers, of the information carrier contain matting agents, for example inorganic matting agents, such as silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, barium sulfate, calcium carbonate or glass powder; or organic matting agents such as starch, cellulose esters, for example cellulose acetate propionate, cellulose ethers, for example ethyl cellulose; or synthetic products, such as homopolymers or copolymers of, for example Vinyl acetate, vinyl carbonate, esters of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, for example methyl methacrylate, acrylonitrile or styrene. Polyacrylonitrile is preferred.
- matting agents for example inorganic matting agents, such as silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, barium sulfate, calcium carbonate or glass powder
- organic matting agents such as starch, cellulose esters, for example cellulose acetate propionate, cellulose ethers, for example ethyl cellulose
- the particle sizes of the matting agents used according to the invention are 1 to 15 11 m, preferably 50% of the matting particles having a size of 4 to 7 11 m.
- a particularly preferred particle size is 2.5 to 3.5 1 1m. Matting particles of this size guarantee excellent reproduction of identification features applied using printing technology down to the finest details (guilloche print) and the ability to label the information carrier with the usual writing materials.
- the matting agents are expediently added to the casting solutions of the gelatin layers in the form of aqueous dispersions.
- Matting agents are not necessary in the inner gelatin layers. However, if this is e.g. should be of importance for the production and processing of the information carrier, this should also be incorporated without impairing the quality of the finished document.
- matting agents When used in outer layers, matting agents can cause layer opacity, so that an underlying developed silver image appears behind a milky veil. This can be corrected by adding small amounts of polycarbocyclic aromatic sulfonic acids or their water-soluble salts, as described in BE-PS 738 856, to the outer layer.
- the gelatin layers of the information carrier contain, based on the gelatin content of the dry layers, 10 to 50% by weight of polymer (dry weight), preferably 25 to 40% by weight and up to 40% by weight, preferably 20 to 30% by weight, of matting agent .
- the gelatin layers of the information carrier may contain the additives customary for photographic layers, such as hardening agents, e.g. Formaldehyde, mucochloric acid, triacryl formal, triazine hardener, epoxy compounds, aziridines, vinylsulfonyl compounds, carbodiimides or hardeners of the carbamoylonium and carbamoyloxypyridinium compound type, hardening accelerators, e.g.
- hardening agents e.g. Formaldehyde, mucochloric acid, triacryl formal, triazine hardener, epoxy compounds, aziridines, vinylsulfonyl compounds, carbodiimides or hardeners of the carbamoylonium and carbamoyloxypyridinium compound type
- hardening accelerators e.g.
- Resorcinol polyvinyl acetams and polyvinyl acetones such as poly-N-vinyl pyrrolidone and polyvinyl-2-oxazolidone as antifoggants
- antistatic agents such as polyalkylene compounds, polyoxyalkylene esters of fatty acids, e.g. Polyoxyethylene glycol (molecular weight about 300), oleic acid esters, urethanes or esters of alkoxylated hydroxyl compounds as described in DE-PS 706 563, or alkali, alkaline earth or ammonium salts of inorganic acids or of organic sulfonic and carboxylic acids.
- the gelatin layers can also contain the usual coating aids or wetting agents, such as saponin, dialkylsulfosuccinic acid salts, salts of alkylsulfonic acids or of alkylaryl polyether sulfonic acids, carboxy-alkylated polyethylene glycol ethers or esters or fluorine-containing organic wetting agents of known structure, in particular perfluorinated carbon or sulfonic acids or salts thereof.
- coating aids or wetting agents such as saponin, dialkylsulfosuccinic acid salts, salts of alkylsulfonic acids or of alkylaryl polyether sulfonic acids, carboxy-alkylated polyethylene glycol ethers or esters or fluorine-containing organic wetting agents of known structure, in particular perfluorinated carbon or sulfonic acids or salts thereof.
- the information carrier will generally consist of a photographic material which is constructed in a conventional manner, that is to say a light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer, on a conventional layer carrier.
- the silver or dye information contained in this layer is produced by imagewise exposure and the usual photographic processing.
- Both photographic paper and films containing black-and-white or color photographic records, image and / or characters and / or other information or other identification features can be used as information carriers.
- the layer support of such photographic information supports can consist of the usual materials used in technical or image photography. Examples include: papers, papers provided with reflective layers, polyolefin-coated papers, the usual film supports, e.g. made of cellulose triacetate or polyester, optionally as a pigmented, opaque substrate.
- the photographic emulsion or auxiliary layers of such information carriers have the compositions generally used in photographic materials.
- Examples of light-sensitive photographic layers with which the information carrier can be equipped are layers which are based on non-sensitized silver halide emulsions or spectrally sensitized silver halide emulsions.
- the known gelatin layers used for the various photographic black and white and color processes, negative, positive and diffusion transfer processes or printing processes are therefore suitable. Not only gelatin alone can be contained as a binder in the photographic gelatin layers.
- hydrophilic colloids e.g. Contain cellulose
- the plastics used for the substrate of the information carrier - e.g. the plastic with which the paper base is laminated or the plastic from which the film base is made - which also includes cellulose esters - and the plastics from which the foils used to laminate the information carrier should preferably be selected so that the softening point of the Plastic of the substrate is lower than that of the film material.
- the Melting point is about 10-30 ° C lower than the melting point of the film of the film material carrying the adhesive layer.
- the information carrier Before lamination, the information carrier is provided with halftone and line recordings by imagewise exposure and photographic processing, e.g. with a passport photo and the associated printed and handwritten information.
- the information carrier can contain further security or identification features of the most varied of types, these being able to be generated both photographically and by labeling, printing or embossing.
- the information carrier according to the invention does not differ in any way from the information carriers used in known documents.
- security features visible or imperceptible to the eye, e.g. substances absorbing UV light can be stored in the information carrier, e.g. in the layer support, if this consists of paper, for example as a watermark, or in the outer film, e.g. be contained in the composite film.
- the information carrier e.g. in the layer support, if this consists of paper, for example as a watermark, or in the outer film, e.g. be contained in the composite film.
- Various possibilities of equipping forgery-proof documents with such security features are e.g. described in the following publications: DE-OS 3013238, DE-OS 1 446851, DE-OS 2 908 742, US-PS 3 679 448, GB-PS 1 519 715, DE-AS 2 756 692, US-PS 2 373 540 and U.S. Patent 4,066,873.
- Thermoplastics such as e.g., are suitable as transparent film materials for the lamination of the information carrier.
- So-called composite films made of individual films of the same and different chemical composition can of course also be used.
- Examples include: polyethylene / polyamides, polypropylene / polyamides or polyolefin films with other film materials such as polyesters, e.g. Polyethylene terephthalate.
- Suitable films and composite films are described in Ullmann's Encyclopedia or Technical Chemistry, 4th edition, volume 11, pages 673 ff.
- the thickness of the films used according to the invention depends on the desired rigidity of the identification document. In general, film thicknesses between 15 and 250 microns are rich, thicknesses between 50 and 200 microns are preferred.
- the surface of the film intended to take up the adhesive layer composition can be subjected to a pretreatment prior to coating to improve the bond between the film and the adhesive layer, which ensures a uniform application of the coating solution and increases its adhesive strength. Good results are obtained e.g. with a normal corona treatment.
- the usual known adhesive layers are suitable for connecting the individual foils of a composite foil as well as for connecting the foil or composite foil to the information carrier.
- the same adhesive layers are preferably used for both purposes.
- Suitable adhesive layers contain e.g. Radically curable, ethylenically unsaturated, monomeric, oligomeric or polymeric compounds, predominantly a, ⁇ -unsaturated or vinyl group-containing compounds which contain acrylate and / or methacrylate groups.
- Such adhesive layers including their use, are described in DE-OSs 2 952 322 and 3 027 759.
- Compounds of this type based on polyesters, ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated polyesters, polyethers, polyepoxides, polyurethanes, urethane-modified polyepoxides, urethane-modified polyesters and urethane-modified polyethers are particularly suitable.
- the application of the adhesive layer composition to the film can be carried out using the methods customary in the paint industry, e.g. Spraying, rolling, knife coating, printing, dipping, spinning, flooding, brushing, brushing etc. take place.
- the dry layer thickness of the adhesive layer depends on the desired requirements and the expected adhesive effect. In principle, dry layer thicknesses of 0.05 to 50 11 m can be used. Usable results will be achieved with 0.05 to 10 11m. Dry layer thicknesses of 0.05 to 2 ⁇ m are preferred in connection with adhesive layers which contain poly-1,2-alkyleneimine.
- the film is heated to about 50 to 150 ° C. and pressed against the surface of the information carrier, so that a bubble-free and wrinkle-free laminate is produced.
- the lamination is supported by applying pressures in the range of 1 to 10 km / cm 2 .
- adhesive layers made of radiation-curable material as described, for example, in DE-OS 2 952 322, the document is generally exposed to high-energy radiation, for example UV light, electron or gamma radiation, in addition to the heating described, once the lamination has been completed. being UV Use light in conjunction with subbing layers that contain photoinitiators.
- the lamination preferably on both sides of the information carrier, is expediently carried out continuously by bringing the individual information carriers together onto the foils which run off supply rolls and are provided with the adhesive layer.
- the parts containing the information carriers can then be punched out of the resulting band-shaped laminate, the welded film being cut off at a distance of approximately 1 to 2 mm from the edge of the information carrier, depending on the thickness of the information carrier.
- the documents described are excellent forgery-proof.
- the gelatin layers of the information carrier composed in the manner according to the invention surprisingly strengthen the bond between films and information carrier. Even with the help of heat and / or solvents, the document can no longer be separated without completely destroying the information carrier.
- a conventional photographic paper was used as information carrier, the layer carrier of which consisted of paper laminated on both sides with polyethylene, which had an m 2 weight of approximately 120 g.
- the softening point of the polyethylene of the support was 110 ° C.
- the support was equipped with a light-sensitive silver halide gelatin emulsion layer and with a gelatin-containing protective layer and back layer.
- the silver halide emulsion layer was based on a photographic black and white emulsion of the usual composition.
- the layer contained 3.5 g of gelatin and 1.2 g of polyethyl acrylate (particle size about 0.05 11 m ) per m 2 , plus the usual additives, for example wetting agents and hardening agents.
- the layer thickness of the dry layer was 4.7 ⁇ m.
- a protective layer was placed over the silver halide emulsion layer and contained 1.2 g of gelatin, 0.45 g of polyethyl acrylate and 0.3 g of polyacrylonitrile with a particle size of approximately 3 11 m per m 2 .
- the thickness of the dry layer was 1.95 11m.
- a layer was applied to the back of the support which contained 1.8 g of gelatin, 0.65 g of polyethyl acrylate, 0.45 g of polyacrylonitrile and 0.005 g of potassium nitrate per m 2 .
- the thickness of the dry layer was 2.9 11 m.
- the information carrier with the photographic and printing-related identification features was placed between 2 of the above-mentioned polyethylene films, the softening point of which was approximately 122 ° C., so that the adhesive layers of the films came into contact with the two surfaces of the information carrier and the films about 1 mm over the edge of the information carrier protruded.
- the package was then passed between two rollers heated to 90 ° C. and pressed together with a pressure of approximately 1.5 kp / cm 2 .
- the polyethylene films were so firmly attached to the information carrier that when trying to separate the document after the edge bonds had been cut off while heated (approx. 100 ° C), the paper support of the information carrier was destroyed, but its remnants were removed from the films were recorded, which were also irreversibly stretched.
- the connection between the film and the surface of the information carrier could not be broken even by treatment with hot water or with solvents such as chloroform, gasoline, acetic acid or dilute hydrochloric acid.
- the adhesive layer solution described in Example 1 was applied to a corona-irradiated polyethylene terephthalate film and this was glued between two rollers heated to 90 ° C. under a pressure of 5 kp / cm 2 with a likewise corona-irradiated polyethylene film, whereby a composite film was formed.
- a photographic film material was used as the information carrier, which contained a layer support provided with the usual substrate layers and consisting of cellulose triacetate pigmented with titanium dioxide, a silver halide gelatin emulsion layer, a gelatin protective layer lying over this and a gelatin backing layer.
- composition of the three gelatin layers corresponded to that given in Example 1.
- the polyethylene surface of the composite film was coated with the same adhesive layer composition already used in the production of the composite film and laminated to the information carrier as described in Example 1.
- the result was an ID card with excellent flatness.
- the ID document can no longer be separated without completely destroying the photographic material used as the information carrier.
- Example 2 was repeated with the difference that in the three gelatin layers, the polyethyl acrylate was replaced by the corresponding amount of gelatin.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
- Tires In General (AREA)
- Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
- Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Confectionery (AREA)
- Graft Or Block Polymers (AREA)
- Dental Preparations (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Re-Forming, After-Treatment, Cutting And Transporting Of Glass Products (AREA)
- Printing Methods (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
- Holders For Sensitive Materials And Originals (AREA)
- Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen fotografischen Informationsträger, der ein- oder beidseitig mit Kunststoffolien laminiert ist.The invention relates to a photographic information carrier which is laminated on one or both sides with plastic films.
Fälschungssichere Dokumente gewinnen in zunehmendem Masse an Bedeutung. Sie werden z.B. in Form von Kreditkarten von Banken, Einzelhandelsgeschäften, Ölgesellschaften, Fluglinien oder Kreditgesellschaften zur Erleichterung des bargeldlosen Zahlungsverkehrs verwendet. Solche Dokumente enthalten Informationen, die sich auf den Eigentümer wie auch auf die das Dokument ausgebende Stelle beziehen und die in beider Interesse vor Fälschungen zu sichern sind. Es hat deshalb nicht an Versuchen gefehlt, Informationsträger der genannten Art fälschungssicher auszurüsten.Forgery-proof documents are becoming increasingly important. You will e.g. used in the form of credit cards from banks, retail stores, oil companies, airlines or credit companies to facilitate cashless payments. Such documents contain information that relates to the owner as well as the body issuing the document and that is in both interests to be protected against counterfeiting. There has been no shortage of attempts to provide information carriers of the type mentioned above in a forgery-proof manner.
Beispielsweise ist bekannt, eine mit Informationen bedruckte Karte zwischen zwei Folien einzukaschieren. Die Kaschierfolie wird in diesem Falle stellenweise so präpariert, dass sie an den präparierten Stellen an der Papieroberfläche der Folien nicht haftet. Ein Versuch, die Kaschierfolie nachträglich abzuziehen, hat dann zur Folge, dass beim Erreichen der nicht präparierten Bereiche der Abriss dem geringeren Widerstand folgend zur Papieroberfläche ausweicht und die Papieroberfläche einreisst (DE-OS 2 511 367).For example, it is known to laminate a card printed with information between two foils. In this case, the laminating film is prepared in places so that it does not adhere to the prepared areas on the paper surface of the films. An attempt to subsequently peel off the laminating film then has the consequence that when the unprepared areas are reached, the tear breaks away from the paper surface due to the lower resistance and tears into the paper surface (DE-OS 2 511 367).
Nach einem anderen Vorschlag wird ein aus einer Papierkarte und einer Folienumrandung bestehender bedruckter Informationsträger, ein sogenanntes «Verbundiniett», zwischen zwei Klarsichtfolien verschweisst. Die Folienumrandung sorgt bei dieser Arbeitsweise für eine die Kanten der Papierkarte umfassende Randverschweissung, welche das Aufspalten der verschweissten Karte erschwert (DE-OS 2 756 691 ).According to another proposal, a printed information carrier consisting of a paper card and a film border, a so-called “composite rivet”, is welded between two transparent films. In this way of working, the foil border provides for an edge welding that encompasses the edges of the paper card, which makes it difficult to split the welded card (DE-OS 2 756 691).
Die FR-A-1584105 beschreibt eine Kreditkarte, bestehend aus einer steifen Kunststoff-Folie, auf die eine Klebeschicht bestehend aus Acrylat-Copolymer, Gelatine, Weichmacher und Lösungsmittel aufgebracht wird, worauf dieser Schichtverband auf eine fotografische Schicht mit Träger auflaminiert wird.FR-A-1584105 describes a credit card consisting of a rigid plastic film, to which an adhesive layer consisting of acrylate copolymer, gelatin, plasticizer and solvent is applied, whereupon this layer structure is laminated onto a photographic layer with a support.
Aus der GB-PS 1 518946 ist es bekannt, ein fotografisches Papier als Informationsträger in ein Paar transparenter laminierter Folien durch Anwendung von Druck und Temperatur randum einzuschweissen. Es werden dazu handelsübliche Folien verwendet, die aus einer äusseren Polyethylenterephthalatschicht und einer inneren Polyethylenschicht bestehen.From GB-PS 1 518946 it is known to weld a photographic paper as an information carrier into a pair of transparent laminated foils by applying pressure and temperature. Commercial films are used for this purpose, which consist of an outer polyethylene terephthalate layer and an inner polyethylene layer.
Nachteilig an den bekannten Kaschierungsverfahren ist, dass sich die hierfür verwendeten Folien bei der Verschweissung nur unvollkommen mit der Oberfläche des Informationsträgers verbindet und damit einen nur bedingten Schutz gegen Fälschung bieten. Auch eine Randverschweissung bedeutet unter diesen Umständen keine wesentliche Verbesserung, da sie sich mühelos entfernen und wieder erneuern lässt. Die bekannten Kaschierungsverfahren haben darüber hinaus den Nachteil, dass sich die aufkaschierte Folie von dem Papierträger durch Erwärmung oder durch chemische Mittel wieder trennen lässt.A disadvantage of the known lamination processes is that the foils used for this purpose bond only incompletely to the surface of the information carrier during welding and thus offer only limited protection against counterfeiting. Edge welding also does not mean any significant improvement under these circumstances, as it can be easily removed and replaced again. The known lamination processes also have the disadvantage that the laminated film can be separated from the paper backing by heating or by chemical means.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein fälschungssicheres Dokument zur Verfügung zu stellen mit einem Informationsträger in Form eines fotografisch und drucktechnisch vorbereiteten fotografischen Materials bei dem die gesamte Oberfläche des Informationsträgers mit einem transparenten Folienmaterial unlösbar verbunden ist und die auf dem Informationsträger angebrachten Informationen ohne Zerstörung des Informationsträger nicht mehr zugänglich und damit vor nachträglichen Änderungen verlässlich geschützt sind.The invention has for its object to provide a tamper-proof document with an information carrier in the form of a photographically and printing technology prepared photographic material in which the entire surface of the information carrier is inextricably linked with a transparent film material and the information attached to the information carrier without destroying the Information carriers are no longer accessible and are therefore reliably protected against subsequent changes.
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ein fälschungssicheres Dokument bestehend aus einem mit Informationen versehenen ein- oder beidseitig mit wenigstens einer durchsichtigen Folie mittels einer Haftschicht laminierten und aus einem fotografischen Material gebildeten Informationsträger, wobei der Informationsträger mindestens eine ein fotografisches Silber- oder Farbstoffbild tragende Gelatineschicht, gegebenenfalls eine emulsionsseitig angebrachte äussere Gelatine enthaltende Schutzschicht und eine äussere Gelatine enthaltende Schutzschicht und eine äussere rückseitige Gelatine enthaltende Schicht aufweist und mindestens die äusseren der Gelatine enthaltenden Schichten Teilchen, deren Grösse kleiner als 0,1 11m ist, eines Homo- oder Copolymerisates eines Acrylsäure- oder bzw. und Methacrylsäureesters enthält. Gegebenenfalls können diese Homo- oder Copolymerisate auch geringe Mengen von z.B. bis 10 Mol % anderer Comonomeren in polymerisierter Form enthalten. Bei der Auswahl dieser zusätzlichen Komponenten ist allerdings darauf zu achten, dass das Polymerisat im wesentlichen wasserunlöslich bleibt.The invention relates to a forgery-proof document consisting of an information carrier provided with information on one or both sides with at least one transparent film laminated by means of an adhesive layer and formed from a photographic material, the information carrier at least one gelatin layer carrying a photographic silver or dye image, optionally one has an outer gelatin-containing protective layer attached on the emulsion side and an outer gelatin-containing protective layer and an outer backside gelatin-containing layer and at least the outer layers of the gelatin-containing particles, the size of which is smaller than 0.1 11 m, of a homo- or copolymer of an acrylic acid or and contains methacrylic acid ester. If necessary, these homopolymers or copolymers can also contain small amounts of e.g. contain up to 10 mol% of other comonomers in polymerized form. When selecting these additional components, care must be taken to ensure that the polymer remains essentially water-insoluble.
Den in den Gelatineschichten des Informationsträgers enthaltenen Homo- oder Copolymerisaten von Acrylsäure- und/oder Methacrylsäureestern - im folgenden kurz Polymerisat genannt - liegen aliphatische C1 bis C12-Ester zugrunde. Die Polymerisate werden den zur Herstellung der Gelatineschichten verwendeten Giesslösungen in Form von Latices zugesetzt, die nach allgemeinen bekannten Verfahren mit einem Feststoffgehalt von 20 bis 60 Gew.-% und einer Teilchengrösse kleiner als 0,1 11m hergestellt werden können. Für die vorliegende Anwendung werden Teilchen einer Grösse von 0,01 bis 0,07 11m bevorzugt. Besonders geeignet sind die entsprechenden Methyl-, Ethyl- und Butylester. Bevorzugt werden die Ethylester und im besonderen Polyethylacrylat.The homo- or copolymers of acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid esters contained in the gelatin layers of the information carrier - hereinafter referred to as polymer - are based on aliphatic C 1 to C 12 esters. The polymers are added to the casting solutions used to prepare the gelatin layers in the form of latices, which can be prepared by generally known processes with a solids content of 20 to 60% by weight and a particle size of less than 0.1 11 m. Particles with a size of 0.01 to 0.07 11 m are preferred for the present application. The corresponding methyl, ethyl and butyl esters are particularly suitable. The ethyl esters and in particular polyethyl acrylate are preferred.
Zur Verbesserung der Bedruckbarkeit und Beschriftbarkeit enthalten die Gelatineschichten, insbesondere die Aussenschichten, des Informationsträgers Mattierungsmittel, z.B. anorganische Mattierungsmittel, wie Siliziumdioxid, Titandioxid, Magnesiumoxid, Aluminiumoxid, Bariumsulfat, Calciumcarbonat oder Glaspulver; oder organische Mattierungsmittel wie Stärke, Celluloseester, z.B. Celluloseacetatpropionat, Celluloseether, z.B. Ethylcellulose; oder synthetische Produkte, wie Homo- oder Copolymerisate von z.B. Vinylacetat, Vinylcarbonat, Estern von Acrylsäure und Methacrylsäure, z.B. Methylmethacrylat, Acrylnitril oder Styrol. Bevorzugt wird Polyacrylnitril. Die Teilchengrössen der erfindungsgemäss angewandten Mattierungsmittel liegen bei 1 bis 15 11m, wobei vorzugsweise 50% der Mattierungsteilchen eine Grösse von 4 bis 7 11m haben sollen. Eine besonders bevorzugte Teilchengrösse liegt bei 2,5 bis 3,5 11m. Mattierungsteilchen dieser Grösse gewährleisten eine hervorragende Wiedergabe drucktechnisch aufgebrachter Identifizierungsmerkmale bis in die feinsten Details (Guillochendruck) und die Beschriftbarkeit des Informationsträgers mit den üblichen Schreibmitteln.To improve the printability and writability, the gelatin layers, in particular the outer layers, of the information carrier contain matting agents, for example inorganic matting agents, such as silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, barium sulfate, calcium carbonate or glass powder; or organic matting agents such as starch, cellulose esters, for example cellulose acetate propionate, cellulose ethers, for example ethyl cellulose; or synthetic products, such as homopolymers or copolymers of, for example Vinyl acetate, vinyl carbonate, esters of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, for example methyl methacrylate, acrylonitrile or styrene. Polyacrylonitrile is preferred. The particle sizes of the matting agents used according to the invention are 1 to 15 11 m, preferably 50% of the matting particles having a size of 4 to 7 11 m. A particularly preferred particle size is 2.5 to 3.5 1 1m. Matting particles of this size guarantee excellent reproduction of identification features applied using printing technology down to the finest details (guilloche print) and the ability to label the information carrier with the usual writing materials.
Man setzt die Mattierungsmittel den Giesslösungen der Gelatineschichten zweckmässiger Weise in Form wässriger Dispersionen zu.The matting agents are expediently added to the casting solutions of the gelatin layers in the form of aqueous dispersions.
In inneren Gelatineschichten sind Mattierungsmittel entbehrlich. Sie können allerdings, falls dies z.B. für die Herstellung und Verarbeitung des Informationsträgers von Bedeutung sein sollte, auch diesen einverleibt werden, ohne die Qualität des fertigen Dokuments zu beeinrächtigen.Matting agents are not necessary in the inner gelatin layers. However, if this is e.g. should be of importance for the production and processing of the information carrier, this should also be incorporated without impairing the quality of the finished document.
In äusseren Schichten angewandt können Mattierungsmittel eine Schichttrübung hervorrufen, so dass ein darunterliegendes entwickeltes Silberbild hinter einem milchigen Schleier erscheint. Dies kann dadurch korrigiert werden, dass man der äusseren Schicht geringe Mengen polycarbocyclischer aromatischer Sulfonsäuren oder deren wasserlöslichen Salzen, wie in der BE-PS 738 856 beschrieben, zusetzt.When used in outer layers, matting agents can cause layer opacity, so that an underlying developed silver image appears behind a milky veil. This can be corrected by adding small amounts of polycarbocyclic aromatic sulfonic acids or their water-soluble salts, as described in BE-PS 738 856, to the outer layer.
Die Gelatineschichten des Informationsträgers enthalten, bezogen auf den Gelatinegehalt der trockenen Schichten 10 bis 50 Gew.-% Polymerisat (Trockengewicht), vorzugsweise 25 bis 40 Gew.-% sowie bis 40 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 20 bis 30 Gew.-% Mattierungsmittel.The gelatin layers of the information carrier contain, based on the gelatin content of the dry layers, 10 to 50% by weight of polymer (dry weight), preferably 25 to 40% by weight and up to 40% by weight, preferably 20 to 30% by weight, of matting agent .
Im übrigen können die Gelatineschichten des Informationsträgers die für photographische Schichten üblichen Zusätze enthalten wie Härtungsmittel, z.B. Formaldehyd, Mucochlorsäure, Triacrylformal, Triazinhärter, Epoxidverbindungen, Aziridine, Vinylsulfonylverbindungen, Carbodiimide oder Härter vom Typ der Carbamoyloniumverbindungen und der Carbamoyloxypyridiniumverbindungen, Härtungsbeschleuniger, z.B. Resorcin, Polyvinyllacetame und Polyvinyllacetone wie Poly-N-Vinylpyrrolidon und Polyvi- nyl-2-oxazolidon als Schleierverhütungsmittel, Antistatika wie Polyalkylenverbindungen, Polyoxyalkylenester von Fettsäuren, z.B. Polyoxyethylenglycol (Molekulargewicht etwa 300), Ölsäureester, Urethane oder Ester von alkoxylierten Hydroxylverbindungen wie sie in der DE-PS 706 563 beschrieben werden, oder Alkali-, Erdalkali- oder Ammoniumsalze von anorganischen Säuren oder von organischen Sulfo- und Carbonsäuren. Die Gelatineschichten können auch die üblichen Beschichtungshilfsmitteln oder Netzmittel enthalten, wie Saponin, Dialkylsulfobernsteinsäuresalze, Salze von Alkylsulfonsäuren oder von Alkylarylpolyethersulfonsäuren, carboxy-alkylierte Polyethylenglycolether oder Ester bzw. fluorhaltige organische Netzmittel bekannter Struktur, insbesondere perfluorierte Carbon- oder Sulfonsäuren bzw. Salze davon.Otherwise, the gelatin layers of the information carrier may contain the additives customary for photographic layers, such as hardening agents, e.g. Formaldehyde, mucochloric acid, triacryl formal, triazine hardener, epoxy compounds, aziridines, vinylsulfonyl compounds, carbodiimides or hardeners of the carbamoylonium and carbamoyloxypyridinium compound type, hardening accelerators, e.g. Resorcinol, polyvinyl acetams and polyvinyl acetones such as poly-N-vinyl pyrrolidone and polyvinyl-2-oxazolidone as antifoggants, antistatic agents such as polyalkylene compounds, polyoxyalkylene esters of fatty acids, e.g. Polyoxyethylene glycol (molecular weight about 300), oleic acid esters, urethanes or esters of alkoxylated hydroxyl compounds as described in DE-PS 706 563, or alkali, alkaline earth or ammonium salts of inorganic acids or of organic sulfonic and carboxylic acids. The gelatin layers can also contain the usual coating aids or wetting agents, such as saponin, dialkylsulfosuccinic acid salts, salts of alkylsulfonic acids or of alkylaryl polyether sulfonic acids, carboxy-alkylated polyethylene glycol ethers or esters or fluorine-containing organic wetting agents of known structure, in particular perfluorinated carbon or sulfonic acids or salts thereof.
Der Informationsträger wird in der Regel aus einem in üblicher Weise aufgebauten, das heisst eine lichtempfindliche Silberhalogenidemulsionsschicht auf einem üblichen Schichtträger enthaltendem fotografischen Material bestehen. Die in dieser Schicht enthaltenen Informationen aus Silber oder Farbstoff werden durch bildmässige Belichtung und die übliche fotografische Verarbeitung hergestellt. Als Informationsträger können sowohl fotografische Papier als auch Filme verwendet werden, die schwarzweisse oder cholorfotografische Aufzeichnungen, Bild- und/ oder Zeichen und/oder andere Informationen oder andere Identifikationsmerkmale enthalten. Der Schichtträger solcher fotografischer Informationsträger kann aus den üblichen in der technischen oder Bild-Fotografie verwendeten Materialien bestehen. Als Beispiele seien genannt: Papiere, mit Reflexionsschichten versehene Papiere, polyolefinkaschierte Papiere, die üblichen Filmunterlagen, z.B. aus Cellulosetriacetat oder Polyester, gegebenenfalls als pigmentierte, opake Schichtträger. Die fotografischen Emulsions-oder Hilfsschichten solcher Informationsträger haben die in fotografischen Materialien allgemein verwendeten Zusammensetzungen.The information carrier will generally consist of a photographic material which is constructed in a conventional manner, that is to say a light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer, on a conventional layer carrier. The silver or dye information contained in this layer is produced by imagewise exposure and the usual photographic processing. Both photographic paper and films containing black-and-white or color photographic records, image and / or characters and / or other information or other identification features can be used as information carriers. The layer support of such photographic information supports can consist of the usual materials used in technical or image photography. Examples include: papers, papers provided with reflective layers, polyolefin-coated papers, the usual film supports, e.g. made of cellulose triacetate or polyester, optionally as a pigmented, opaque substrate. The photographic emulsion or auxiliary layers of such information carriers have the compositions generally used in photographic materials.
Als lichtempfindliche fotografische Schichten, mit denen der Informationsträger ausgerüstet sein kann, seien beispielsweise Schichten genannt, denen nicht sensibilisierte Silberhalogenid-Emulsionen oder spektral sensibilisierte Silberhalogenid-Emulsionen zugrundeliegen. Geeignet sind also die für die verschiedenen fotografischen Schwarzweiss- und Farbverfahren, Negativ-, Positiv- und Diffusionsübertragungsverfahren oder Druckverfahren verwendeten bekannten Gelatineschichten. In den fotografischen Gelatineschichten kann als Bindemittel nicht nur Gelatine allein enthalten sein. Sie können neben Gelatine auch chemisch modifizierte Gelatinen, z.B. acylierte, acetylierte, hydroxylierte, veresterte oder durch Pfropfpolymerisation in bekannter Weise modifizierte Gelatinen, oder aber Abmischungen mit anderen hydrophilen Kolloiden, z.B. Cellulosederivate, Polyvinylalkohole, Polyvinylpyrrolidone, hydrolysierte Polyvinylacetate, Alginsäure, kolloidales Ablumin oder Zein enthalten.Examples of light-sensitive photographic layers with which the information carrier can be equipped are layers which are based on non-sensitized silver halide emulsions or spectrally sensitized silver halide emulsions. The known gelatin layers used for the various photographic black and white and color processes, negative, positive and diffusion transfer processes or printing processes are therefore suitable. Not only gelatin alone can be contained as a binder in the photographic gelatin layers. In addition to gelatin, you can also use chemically modified gelatins, e.g. acylated, acetylated, hydroxylated, esterified or modified by graft polymerization in a known manner gelatins, or mixtures with other hydrophilic colloids, e.g. Contain cellulose derivatives, polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinyl pyrrolidones, hydrolyzed polyvinyl acetates, alginic acid, colloidal ablumine or zein.
Die für den Schichtträger des Informationsträgers verwendeten Kunststoffe - z.B. der Kunststoff, mit dem die Papierunterlage kaschiert ist, oder der Kunststoff, aus dem die Filmunterlage besteht - wozu auch Celluloseester gehören - und die Kunststoffe, aus denen die zur Laminierung des Informationsträgers verwendeten Folien bestehen, sollten vorzugsweise so ausgewählt werden, dass der Erweichungspunkt des Kunststoffes des Schichtträgers niedriger als der des Folienmaterials liegt.The plastics used for the substrate of the information carrier - e.g. the plastic with which the paper base is laminated or the plastic from which the film base is made - which also includes cellulose esters - and the plastics from which the foils used to laminate the information carrier should preferably be selected so that the softening point of the Plastic of the substrate is lower than that of the film material.
Wenn für den Informationsträger polyolefinkaschiertes Papier als Schichtträger verwendet wird, hat es sich als zweckmässig erwiesen, das Papier mit einem Polyolefin auszurüsten, dessen Schmelzpunkt um etwa 10-30 °C niedriger liegt als der Schmelzpunkt der die Haftschicht tragende Folie des Folienmaterials.If polyolefin-coated paper is used as the layer support for the information carrier, it has proven expedient to equip the paper with a polyolefin, the Melting point is about 10-30 ° C lower than the melting point of the film of the film material carrying the adhesive layer.
Vor der Laminierung wird der lnformationsträger durch bildmässige Belichtung und fotografische Verarbeitung mit Halbton- und Strichaufzeichnungen versehen, z.B. mit einem Passbild und den zugehörigen druck- und handschriftlichen Informationen.Before lamination, the information carrier is provided with halftone and line recordings by imagewise exposure and photographic processing, e.g. with a passport photo and the associated printed and handwritten information.
Der Informationsträger kann neben diesen Informationen weitere Sicherheits- oder Identifikationsmerkmale der verschiedensten Art enthalten, wobei diese sowohl auf fotografischem Wege als auch durch Beschriftung, Druck oder Prägung erzeugt werden können. Selbstverständlich können z.B. auch maschinell, magnetisch und optisch lesbare Daten angebracht werden. Der erfindungsgemässe Informationsträger unterscheidet sich diesbezüglich in keiner Weise von den in bekannten Dokumenten verwendeten Informationsträgern.In addition to this information, the information carrier can contain further security or identification features of the most varied of types, these being able to be generated both photographically and by labeling, printing or embossing. Of course, e.g. machine, magnetically and optically readable data can also be attached. In this respect, the information carrier according to the invention does not differ in any way from the information carriers used in known documents.
Weitere Sicherheitsmerkmale, sichtbare oder mit dem Auge nicht wahrnehmbare, z.B. aus UV-Licht absorbierenden Substanzen, können im Informationsträger, z.B. in dem Schichtträger, wenn dieser aus Papier besteht etwa als Wasserzeichen, oder in der äusseren Folie, z.B. in der Verbundfolie, enthalten sein. Verschiedene Möglichkeiten der Ausstattung fälschungssichere Dokumente mit solchen Sicherheitsmerkmalen werden z.B. in folgenden Druckschriften beschrieben: DE-OS 3013238, DE-OS 1 446851, DE-OS 2 908 742, US-PS 3 679 448, GB-PS 1 519 715, DE-AS 2 756 692, US-PS 2 373 540 und US-PS 4 066 873.Other security features, visible or imperceptible to the eye, e.g. substances absorbing UV light can be stored in the information carrier, e.g. in the layer support, if this consists of paper, for example as a watermark, or in the outer film, e.g. be contained in the composite film. Various possibilities of equipping forgery-proof documents with such security features are e.g. described in the following publications: DE-OS 3013238, DE-OS 1 446851, DE-OS 2 908 742, US-PS 3 679 448, GB-PS 1 519 715, DE-AS 2 756 692, US-PS 2 373 540 and U.S. Patent 4,066,873.
Als transparente Folienmaterialien für die Laminierung des Informationsträgers eignen sich Thermoplasten wie z.B. Polyethylen, Polypropylen, Celluloseester, Polyvinylacetat, Polystyrol, Polyvinylchlorid, Polyvinylidenchlorid, Polyvinylfluorid, Polytetrahalogenethylen, Polycarbonat, insbesondere auf der Basis von Bisphenol A, Polyester, insbesondere auf Basis von Polyethylen-und Polybutylenterephthalat, Polyamide, z.B. Polyamid-6 oder Polyamid-6,6, Polyamid-12 oder Copolyamide.Thermoplastics, such as e.g., are suitable as transparent film materials for the lamination of the information carrier. Polyethylene, polypropylene, cellulose esters, polyvinyl acetate, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl fluoride, polytetrahalogenethylene, polycarbonate, in particular based on bisphenol A, polyester, in particular based on polyethylene and polybutylene terephthalate, polyamides, e.g. Polyamide-6 or polyamide-6,6, polyamide-12 or copolyamides.
Es können natürlich auch sogenannte Verbundfolien aus Einzelfolien gleicher und unterschiedlicher chemischer Zusammensetzung verwendet werden. Als Beispiele seien genannt: Polyethylen/Polyamide, Polypropylen/Polyamide oder Polyolefinfolien mit anderen Folienmaterialien wie Polyestern, z.B. Polyethylenterephthalat. Geeignete Folien und Verbundfolien werden in Ullmanns Encyklopädie oder Technischen Chemie, 4. Auflage, Band 11, Seiten 673 ff beschrieben.So-called composite films made of individual films of the same and different chemical composition can of course also be used. Examples include: polyethylene / polyamides, polypropylene / polyamides or polyolefin films with other film materials such as polyesters, e.g. Polyethylene terephthalate. Suitable films and composite films are described in Ullmann's Encyclopedia or Technical Chemistry, 4th edition, volume 11, pages 673 ff.
Die Dicke der erfindungsgemäss verwendeten Folien richtet sich nach der gewünschten Steifigkeit des Ausweisdokumentes. Im allgemeinen werden Foliendicken zwischen 15 und 250 µm aureichen, bevorzugt sind Dicken zwischen 50 und 200 µm.The thickness of the films used according to the invention depends on the desired rigidity of the identification document. In general, film thicknesses between 15 and 250 microns are rich, thicknesses between 50 and 200 microns are preferred.
Die zur Aufnahme der Haftschichtzusammensetzung bestimmte Oberfläche der Folie kann vor der Beschichtung zur Verbesserung der Bindung zwischen Folie und Haftschicht einer Vorbehandlung unterworfen werden, die einen gleichmässigen Auftrag der Beschichtungslösung gewährleistet und die deren Haftfestigkeit erhöht. Gute Ergebnisse erhält man z.B. mit einer üblichen Coronabehandlung.The surface of the film intended to take up the adhesive layer composition can be subjected to a pretreatment prior to coating to improve the bond between the film and the adhesive layer, which ensures a uniform application of the coating solution and increases its adhesive strength. Good results are obtained e.g. with a normal corona treatment.
Es-ist selbstverständlich auch möglich, die Haftung der auf die Trägerfolie aufgetragenen Haftschicht durch andere Massnahmen zu unterstützen, so z.B. durch Aufbringen einer geeigneten Substrierschicht.It is of course also possible to support the adhesion of the adhesive layer applied to the carrier film by other measures, e.g. by applying a suitable substrate layer.
Zur Verbindung der Einzelfolien einer Verbundfolie wie auch zur Verbindung der Folie bzw. Verbundfolie mit dem Informationsträger sind die üblichen bekannten Haftschichten geeignet. Vorzugsweise werden für beide Zwecke die gleichen Haftschichten verwendet.The usual known adhesive layers are suitable for connecting the individual foils of a composite foil as well as for connecting the foil or composite foil to the information carrier. The same adhesive layers are preferably used for both purposes.
Geeignete Haftschichten enthalten z.B. radikalisch härtbare ethylenisch ungesättigte, monomere, oligomere oder polymere, vornehmlich a,ß- ungesättigte bzw. Vinylgruppen enthaltende Verbindungen, die Acrylat- und/oder Methacrylatgruppen enthalten. Solche Haftschichten einschliesslich ihrer Anwendung werden in den DE-OSen 2 952 322 und 3 027 759 beschrieben. Verbindungen dieses Typs auf der Basis von Polyestern, α,β-ungesättigten Polyestern, Polyethern, Polyepoxiden, Polyurethanen, urethanmodifizierten Polyepoxiden, urethanmodifizierten Polyestern und urethanmodifizierten Polyethern sind besonders geeignet.Suitable adhesive layers contain e.g. Radically curable, ethylenically unsaturated, monomeric, oligomeric or polymeric compounds, predominantly a, β-unsaturated or vinyl group-containing compounds which contain acrylate and / or methacrylate groups. Such adhesive layers, including their use, are described in DE-OSs 2 952 322 and 3 027 759. Compounds of this type based on polyesters, α, β-unsaturated polyesters, polyethers, polyepoxides, polyurethanes, urethane-modified polyepoxides, urethane-modified polyesters and urethane-modified polyethers are particularly suitable.
Vorzüglich geeignet sind auch die in der EP-A-71 124 derselben Priorität beschriebenen, ein Po- ly-1,2-alkylenimin enthaltenden Haftschichten.Also particularly suitable are the adhesive layers described in EP-A-71 124 of the same priority and containing a poly-1,2-alkyleneimine.
Das Auftragen der Haftschichtzusammensetzung auf die Folie kann mittels der in der Lackindustrie üblichen Methoden wie z.B. Sprühen, Walzen, Rakeln, Drucken, Tauche, Schleudern, Fluten, Streichen, Pinseln usw. erfolgen.The application of the adhesive layer composition to the film can be carried out using the methods customary in the paint industry, e.g. Spraying, rolling, knife coating, printing, dipping, spinning, flooding, brushing, brushing etc. take place.
Die Trockenschichtdicke der Haftschicht richtet sich nach dem gewünschten Anforderungen und der erwarteten Klebewirkung. Prinzipiell können Trockenschichtdicken von 0,05 bis 50 11m angewendet werden. Brauchbare Ergebnisse wird man schon mit 0,05 bis 10 11m erreichen. Bevorzugt in Verbindung mit Haftschichten, die Poly-1,2-alky- lenimin enthalten, werden Trockenschichtdicken von 0,05 bis 2 µm.The dry layer thickness of the adhesive layer depends on the desired requirements and the expected adhesive effect. In principle, dry layer thicknesses of 0.05 to 50 11 m can be used. Usable results will be achieved with 0.05 to 10 11m. Dry layer thicknesses of 0.05 to 2 μm are preferred in connection with adhesive layers which contain poly-1,2-alkyleneimine.
Vorzüglich geeignet sind auch die in der EP-A-The EP-A-
Zum Laminieren der mit der Haftschicht versehenen Folie auf die Oberfläche des Informationsträgers wird die Folie auf etwa 50 bis 150 °C erwärmt und dabei gegen die Oberfläche des Informationsträgers gedrückt, so dass ein blasen- und knitterfreies Laminat entsteht. Die Laminierung wird durch Anwendung von Drucken im Bereich von 1 bis 10 km/cm2 unterstützt. Bei Anwendung von Haftschichten aus strahlenhärtbarem Material, wie sie z.B. in der DE-OS 2 952 322 beschrieben werden, wird das Dokument im allgemeinen nach vollzogener Laminierung zusätzlich zu der beschriebenen Erwärmung einer energiereicher Strahlung, z.B. UV-Licht, Elektronen-oder Gamastrahlung ausgesetzt, wobei man UV-Licht in Verbindung mit Haftschichten, die Fotoinitiatoren enthalten, verwendet.To laminate the film provided with the adhesive layer on the surface of the information carrier, the film is heated to about 50 to 150 ° C. and pressed against the surface of the information carrier, so that a bubble-free and wrinkle-free laminate is produced. The lamination is supported by applying pressures in the range of 1 to 10 km / cm 2 . When using adhesive layers made of radiation-curable material, as described, for example, in DE-OS 2 952 322, the document is generally exposed to high-energy radiation, for example UV light, electron or gamma radiation, in addition to the heating described, once the lamination has been completed. being UV Use light in conjunction with subbing layers that contain photoinitiators.
Die Laminierung, vorzugsweise auf beiden Seiten des Informationsträgers, wird zweckmässigerweise kontinuierlich durch Zusammenführen der einzelnen Informationsträger an die von Vorratsrollen ablaufenden, mit der Haftschicht versehenen Folien durchgeführt. Aus dem dabei entstehenden bandförmigen Laminat können die die Informationsträger enthaltenden Teile anschliessend ausgestanzt werden, wobei die verschweisste Folie, abhängig von der Dicke des Informationsträgers, in einem Abstand von etwa 1 bis 2 mm vom Rand des Informationsträgers abgetrennt wird.The lamination, preferably on both sides of the information carrier, is expediently carried out continuously by bringing the individual information carriers together onto the foils which run off supply rolls and are provided with the adhesive layer. The parts containing the information carriers can then be punched out of the resulting band-shaped laminate, the welded film being cut off at a distance of approximately 1 to 2 mm from the edge of the information carrier, depending on the thickness of the information carrier.
Man erhält eine allseitige geschlossene Umhüllung des Informationsträgers, die eine nachträgliche Kantenverschweissung überflüssig macht. Selbstverständlich führt eine diskontinuierliche Laminierung mittels blattförmiger Folienstücke zu den gleichen Ergebnissen.An all-round closed wrapping of the information carrier is obtained, which makes subsequent edge welding unnecessary. Of course, discontinuous lamination using sheet-shaped pieces of film leads to the same results.
Die beschriebenen Dokumente sind in hervorragender Weise fälschungssicher. Die in erfindungsgemässer Weise zusammengesetzten Gelatineschichten des Informationsträgers bewirken eine überraschende Verstärkung der Bindung zwischen Folien und Informationsträger. Selbst mit Hilfe von Wärme und/oder von Lösungsmitteln lässt sich das Dokument ohne völlige Zerstörung des Informationsträgers nicht mehr trennen.The documents described are excellent forgery-proof. The gelatin layers of the information carrier composed in the manner according to the invention surprisingly strengthen the bond between films and information carrier. Even with the help of heat and / or solvents, the document can no longer be separated without completely destroying the information carrier.
Ein weiterer wichtiger und überraschender Vorteil der erfindungsgemässen Ausweisdokumente bzw. ID-Karten mit Polyalkyleniminhaftschichten liegt in der ausgezeichneten Planlage. Gerade in dieser Beziehung sind die erfindungsgemässen Dokumente bekannter überlegen.Another important and surprising advantage of the identification documents or ID cards according to the invention with polyalkyleneimine adhesive layers lies in the excellent flatness. It is precisely in this respect that the documents according to the invention are better known.
100 g einer wässrigen 2 gew.-%igen Polyethyleniminlösung wurden mit 0,1 g Eisessig und 2 ml einer wässrigen 40 gew.-%igen Formaldehydlösung gemischt und danach auf eine Polyethylenfolie aufgetragen. Die Oberfläche der Polyethylenfolie wurde vor dem Beguss einer Coronabestrahlung ausgesetzt. Die getrocknete Schicht enthielt 0,1 g Polyethylenimin pro m2.100 g of an aqueous 2% by weight polyethyleneimine solution were mixed with 0.1 g of glacial acetic acid and 2 ml of an aqueous 40% by weight formaldehyde solution and then applied to a polyethylene film. The surface of the polyethylene film was exposed to corona radiation before casting. The dried layer contained 0.1 g polyethyleneimine per m 2 .
Als Informationsträger wurde ein konventionelles fotografisches Papier verwendet, dessen Schichtträger aus beidseitig mit Polyethylen kaschiertem Papier bestand, das ein m2-Gewicht von etwa 120 g hatte. Der Erweichungspunkt des Polyethylens des Schichtträgers lag bei 110 °C. Der Schichtträger wurde nach beidseitiger Coronabestrahlung mit einer lichtempfindlichen Silberhalogenid-Gelatine-Emulsionsschicht sowie mit einer gelatinehaltigen Schutzschicht und Rückseitenschicht, ausgerüstet.A conventional photographic paper was used as information carrier, the layer carrier of which consisted of paper laminated on both sides with polyethylene, which had an m 2 weight of approximately 120 g. The softening point of the polyethylene of the support was 110 ° C. After exposure to corona on both sides, the support was equipped with a light-sensitive silver halide gelatin emulsion layer and with a gelatin-containing protective layer and back layer.
Der Silberhalogenidemulsionsschicht lag eine fotografische Schwarz-weiss-Emulsion üblicher Zusammensetzung zu grunde. Die Schicht enthielt pro m2 3,5 g Gelatine und 1,2 g Polyethylacrylat (Teilchengrösse etwa 0,05 11m), dazu die üblichen Zusätze, z.B. Netzmittel und Härtungsmittel. Die Schichtdicke der trockenen Schicht betrug 4,7 µm. Über die Silberhalogenidemulsionsschicht wurde eine Schutzschicht gelegt, die pro m2 1,2 g Gelatine, 0,45 g Polyethylacrylat und 0,3 g Polyacrylnitril einer Teilchengrösse von etwa 3 11m enthielt. Die Dicke der trockenen Schicht betrug 1,95 11m.The silver halide emulsion layer was based on a photographic black and white emulsion of the usual composition. The layer contained 3.5 g of gelatin and 1.2 g of polyethyl acrylate (particle size about 0.05 11 m ) per m 2 , plus the usual additives, for example wetting agents and hardening agents. The layer thickness of the dry layer was 4.7 µm. A protective layer was placed over the silver halide emulsion layer and contained 1.2 g of gelatin, 0.45 g of polyethyl acrylate and 0.3 g of polyacrylonitrile with a particle size of approximately 3 11 m per m 2 . The thickness of the dry layer was 1.95 11m.
Auf der Rückseite des Schichtträgers wurde eine Schicht aufgetragen, die pro m2 1,8 g Gelatine, 0,65 g Polyethylacrylat, 0,45 g Polyacrylnitril und 0,005 g Kaliumnitrat enthielt. Die Dicke der trockenen Schicht betrug 2,9 11m.A layer was applied to the back of the support which contained 1.8 g of gelatin, 0.65 g of polyethyl acrylate, 0.45 g of polyacrylonitrile and 0.005 g of potassium nitrate per m 2 . The thickness of the dry layer was 2.9 11 m.
Auf den Informationsträger wurde nun ein Bild des Ausweisinhabers zusammen mit den entsprechenden Informationen aufbelichtet und das Material entwickelt, fixiert und nach Trockung beidseitig mit einem Guillochendruck versehen.An image of the card holder along with the corresponding information was now exposed on the information carrier and the material developed, fixed and, after drying, printed on both sides with a guilloche pattern.
Der Informationsträger mit den fotografisch und drucktechnisch aufgebrachten Identifikationsmerkmalen wurde zwischen 2 der obengenannten Polyethylenfolien, deren Erweichungspunkt etwa 122 °C betrug, gelegt, so dass die Haftschichten der Folien mit den beiden Oberflächen des Informationdträgers in Kontakt kamen und die Folien etwa 1 mm über den Rand des Informationsträgers hinausragten. Das Paket wurde nun zwischen 2 auf 90 °C aufgeheitzen Walzen hindurchgeführt und mit einem Druck von etwa 1,5 kp/cm2 zusammengepresst.The information carrier with the photographic and printing-related identification features was placed between 2 of the above-mentioned polyethylene films, the softening point of which was approximately 122 ° C., so that the adhesive layers of the films came into contact with the two surfaces of the information carrier and the films about 1 mm over the edge of the information carrier protruded. The package was then passed between two rollers heated to 90 ° C. and pressed together with a pressure of approximately 1.5 kp / cm 2 .
Nach Abkühlen des Dokumentes waren die Polyethylenfolien mit dem Informationsträger so fest verbunden, dass bei einem Versuch, das Dokument nach Abschneiden der Randverklebungen im erwärmten Zustand (etwa 100 °C) zu trennen, zwar die Papierunterlage des Informationsträgers zerstört, seine Reste aber von den Folien festgehalten wurden, ddie dabei ausserdem in irreversibler Weise gedehnt wurden. Die Verbindung zwischen Folie und Oberfläche des Informationsträgers konnte auch durch eine Behandlung mit heissem Wasser oder mit Lösungsmitteln wie Chloroform, Benzin, Essigsäure oder verdünnter Salzsäure nicht gelöst werden.After the document had cooled down, the polyethylene films were so firmly attached to the information carrier that when trying to separate the document after the edge bonds had been cut off while heated (approx. 100 ° C), the paper support of the information carrier was destroyed, but its remnants were removed from the films were recorded, which were also irreversibly stretched. The connection between the film and the surface of the information carrier could not be broken even by treatment with hot water or with solvents such as chloroform, gasoline, acetic acid or dilute hydrochloric acid.
Die in Beispiel 1 beschriebene Haftschichtlösung wurde auf eine coronabestrahlte Polyethylenterephthalatfolie aufgetragen und diese zwischen zwei auf 90 °C aufgeheizten Walzen unter einem Druck von 5 kp/cm2 mit einer ebenfalls coronabestrahlten Polyethylenfolie verklebt, wodurch eine Verbundfolie entstand.The adhesive layer solution described in Example 1 was applied to a corona-irradiated polyethylene terephthalate film and this was glued between two rollers heated to 90 ° C. under a pressure of 5 kp / cm 2 with a likewise corona-irradiated polyethylene film, whereby a composite film was formed.
Als Informationsträger wurde ein fotografisches Filmmaterial verwendet, das einen mit den üblichen Substratschichten versehenen Schichtträger aus mit Titandioxid pigmentiertem Cellulosetriacetat, eine Silberhalogenid-Gelatine-Emulsionsschicht, eine über dieser liegenden Gelatineschutzschicht und eine Gelatinerückseitenschicht enthielt.A photographic film material was used as the information carrier, which contained a layer support provided with the usual substrate layers and consisting of cellulose triacetate pigmented with titanium dioxide, a silver halide gelatin emulsion layer, a gelatin protective layer lying over this and a gelatin backing layer.
Die Zusammensetzung der drei Gelatineschichten entsprach der in Beispiel 1 angegebenen.The composition of the three gelatin layers corresponded to that given in Example 1.
Auf diesen Inforamtionsträger wurde ein Bild des Ausweisinhabers zusammen mit den entsprechenden Informationen aufbelichtet, das Material entwickelt, fixiert, getrocknet und schliesslich beidseitig mit einem Guillochendruck versehen.A picture of the card holder along with the corresponding information was exposed on this information carrier, the material developed, fixed, dried and finally printed on both sides with a guilloche pattern.
Zur Herstellung des Dokumentes wurde die Polyethylenoberfläche der Verbundfolie mit der gleichen, schon bei der Herstellung der Verbundfolie verwendeten, Haftschichtzusammensetzung beschichtet und wie in Beispiel 1 beschrieben auf den Informationsträger laminiert.To produce the document, the polyethylene surface of the composite film was coated with the same adhesive layer composition already used in the production of the composite film and laminated to the information carrier as described in Example 1.
Das Ergebnis war eine Ausweiskarte mit ausgezeichneter Planlage. Das Ausweisdokument lässt sich ohne völlige Zerstörung des als Informationsträger verwendeten fotografischen Materials nicht mehr trennen.The result was an ID card with excellent flatness. The ID document can no longer be separated without completely destroying the photographic material used as the information carrier.
Beispiel 2 wurde wiederholt mit dem Unterschied, dass in den drei Gelatineschichten das Polyethylacrylat durch die entsprechende Menge Gelatine ersetzt wurde.Example 2 was repeated with the difference that in the three gelatin layers, the polyethyl acrylate was replaced by the corresponding amount of gelatin.
Die Haftung der Folien auf der Oberfläche des Informationsträgers war unzureichend. Unter der Wirkung von Wasserdampf oder Lösungsmitteldämpfen liess sich die Oberfläche des Informationsträgers ohne nennenswerte Beschädigung freilegen.The adhesion of the foils to the surface of the information carrier was insufficient. Under the effect of water vapor or solvent vapors, the surface of the information carrier could be exposed without any significant damage.
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT82106438T ATE17684T1 (en) | 1981-07-30 | 1982-07-17 | ANTI-FALSE DOCUMENT. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19813130032 DE3130032A1 (en) | 1981-07-30 | 1981-07-30 | COUNTERFEIT-PROOF DOCUMENT |
DE3130032 | 1981-07-30 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP0071121A2 EP0071121A2 (en) | 1983-02-09 |
EP0071121A3 EP0071121A3 (en) | 1983-07-27 |
EP0071121B1 true EP0071121B1 (en) | 1986-01-29 |
Family
ID=6138069
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP82106438A Expired EP0071121B1 (en) | 1981-07-30 | 1982-07-17 | Forge-proof document |
Country Status (16)
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US (1) | US4455359A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0071121B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS5825985A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE17684T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU563266B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA1201648A (en) |
DE (2) | DE3130032A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK339682A (en) |
ES (1) | ES514517A0 (en) |
FI (1) | FI75305C (en) |
GR (1) | GR77235B (en) |
IE (1) | IE53083B1 (en) |
IL (1) | IL66155A (en) |
NO (1) | NO822507L (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ201392A (en) |
PT (1) | PT75290B (en) |
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GB2129371A (en) * | 1982-11-05 | 1984-05-16 | De La Rue Thomas & Co Ltd | Identity cards |
DE3527412A1 (en) * | 1985-07-31 | 1987-02-12 | Kurz Leonhard Fa | MULTI-LAYER FILM, ESPECIALLY HOT-IMPRESSION FILM AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
JPS6319578A (en) * | 1986-07-11 | 1988-01-27 | Nec Corp | Radar display system |
US4865198A (en) * | 1988-02-01 | 1989-09-12 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Overwrapped package with tamper indicating means |
GB8814705D0 (en) * | 1988-06-21 | 1988-07-27 | Ciba Geigy Ag | Method |
US4923218A (en) * | 1988-08-15 | 1990-05-08 | Vigilanti William A | Inscribed, paper-base announcement |
KR0147813B1 (en) * | 1989-05-16 | 1998-08-01 | 월터 클리웨인, 한스-피터 위트린 | Laminated structure and process for the production thereof |
US5120097A (en) * | 1990-07-30 | 1992-06-09 | The Rel Corporation | Security seal |
US5090736A (en) * | 1991-01-28 | 1992-02-25 | Transilwrap Company, Inc. | Multi-sheet laminated identification card with tamper resistant, ultrasonic weldments |
DE4118731A1 (en) * | 1991-06-07 | 1992-12-10 | Basf Lacke & Farben | METHOD FOR PRODUCING MATTER LACQUER SURFACES |
DE4211235C2 (en) * | 1992-04-03 | 2003-04-17 | Gao Ges Automation Org | Method and device for producing metallic surface elements on substrates and their use |
GB9303591D0 (en) * | 1993-02-23 | 1993-04-07 | Ilford Ltd | Photographic assembly |
ES2127657B1 (en) * | 1995-04-26 | 2000-03-01 | I D Tec S L | STRATIFIED VARIABLE OPTICAL SECURITY PROCEDURE FOR DOCUMENTS, IDENTITY AND CREDIT CARDS, CHECKS, VISAS AND PASSPORTS. |
GB2321977B (en) * | 1997-02-10 | 2001-10-03 | Andrew Cunnigham Thomson | Mouldable photographic material |
US7201953B2 (en) * | 1999-08-26 | 2007-04-10 | Orga Kartensysteme And Lohmann Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for the production of a multi-layer identity card of plastic |
US6221545B1 (en) | 1999-09-09 | 2001-04-24 | Imation Corp. | Adhesives for preparing a multilayer laminate featuring an ink-bearing surface bonded to a second surface |
FI112288B (en) * | 2000-01-17 | 2003-11-14 | Rafsec Oy | Procedure for producing an input path for smart labels |
FI112287B (en) * | 2000-03-31 | 2003-11-14 | Rafsec Oy | Procedure for producing product sensor and product sensor |
FI111881B (en) * | 2000-06-06 | 2003-09-30 | Rafsec Oy | A smart card web and a method for making it |
FI20001344A (en) * | 2000-06-06 | 2001-12-07 | Rafsec Oy | Method and apparatus for making a smart label feed web |
FI113851B (en) * | 2000-11-20 | 2004-06-30 | Rafsec Oy | Method of attaching a chip's integrated circuit to an intelligent self-adhesive label and method of pre-treating a silicon wafer |
FI112121B (en) * | 2000-12-11 | 2003-10-31 | Rafsec Oy | Smart sticker web, process for making it, process for making a carrier web, and component of a smart sticker on a smart sticker web |
FI112550B (en) * | 2001-05-31 | 2003-12-15 | Rafsec Oy | Smart label and smart label path |
FI117331B (en) * | 2001-07-04 | 2006-09-15 | Rafsec Oy | Method of manufacturing an injection molded product |
FI119401B (en) * | 2001-12-21 | 2008-10-31 | Upm Raflatac Oy | Smart label web and process for its manufacture |
DE10243653A1 (en) * | 2002-09-19 | 2004-04-01 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | security paper |
EP1416432A1 (en) * | 2002-10-11 | 2004-05-06 | SCHLUMBERGER Systèmes | Chip card with transparent layer |
JP4456175B1 (en) * | 2009-10-09 | 2010-04-28 | 日本カラリング株式会社 | Composite hinge sheet for laser marking laminate for electronic passport and laser marking laminate for electronic passport and electronic passport |
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US2322037A (en) * | 1939-07-07 | 1943-06-15 | Eastman Kodak Co | Photographic film |
US3511655A (en) * | 1965-04-29 | 1970-05-12 | Polaroid Corp | Laminations |
US3520768A (en) * | 1966-12-12 | 1970-07-14 | Bayer Ag | Laminated safety panes of glass and polycarbonate using acrylic ester adhesives |
US3520758A (en) * | 1967-08-07 | 1970-07-14 | Eastman Kodak Co | Laminated photographic identification card |
US3654022A (en) * | 1967-08-07 | 1972-04-04 | Eastman Kodak Co | Method of making a laminated photographic identification card |
US3871119A (en) * | 1972-02-28 | 1975-03-18 | Avant Ind | Laminated identification card |
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JPS537231A (en) * | 1976-07-08 | 1978-01-23 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Image formation |
JPS53112732A (en) * | 1977-03-14 | 1978-10-02 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Photosensitive material with improved physical properties of film |
JPS53116143A (en) * | 1977-03-18 | 1978-10-11 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Adhesion preventing method for silver halide photographic material |
US4133926A (en) * | 1977-07-05 | 1979-01-09 | American Hoechst Corporation | Laminated identification card having special interlaminar adhesive |
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IT1147083B (en) * | 1980-05-26 | 1986-11-19 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | PHOTOGRAPHIC ELEMENTS WITH IMPROVED SURFACE CHARACTERISTICS LAYER COMPOSITION AND PROCEDURE TO OBTAIN THESE ELEMENTS |
-
1981
- 1981-07-30 DE DE19813130032 patent/DE3130032A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1982
- 1982-06-28 IL IL66155A patent/IL66155A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-07-13 AU AU85952/82A patent/AU563266B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1982-07-17 AT AT82106438T patent/ATE17684T1/en active
- 1982-07-17 DE DE8282106438T patent/DE3268806D1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-07-17 EP EP82106438A patent/EP0071121B1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-07-20 NO NO822507A patent/NO822507L/en unknown
- 1982-07-21 PT PT75290A patent/PT75290B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-07-21 FI FI822583A patent/FI75305C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-07-26 US US06/401,654 patent/US4455359A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1982-07-26 JP JP57129112A patent/JPS5825985A/en active Pending
- 1982-07-27 NZ NZ201392A patent/NZ201392A/en unknown
- 1982-07-28 CA CA000408300A patent/CA1201648A/en not_active Expired
- 1982-07-28 GR GR68889A patent/GR77235B/el unknown
- 1982-07-29 IE IE1826/82A patent/IE53083B1/en unknown
- 1982-07-29 DK DK339682A patent/DK339682A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1982-07-29 ES ES514517A patent/ES514517A0/en active Granted
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK339682A (en) | 1983-01-31 |
NO822507L (en) | 1983-01-31 |
CA1201648A (en) | 1986-03-11 |
AU563266B2 (en) | 1987-07-02 |
EP0071121A2 (en) | 1983-02-09 |
FI822583L (en) | 1983-01-21 |
AU8595282A (en) | 1983-02-03 |
ATE17684T1 (en) | 1986-02-15 |
US4455359A (en) | 1984-06-19 |
ES8400058A1 (en) | 1983-10-16 |
FI75305C (en) | 1988-06-09 |
IE53083B1 (en) | 1988-06-08 |
PT75290A (en) | 1982-08-01 |
IL66155A0 (en) | 1982-09-30 |
GR77235B (en) | 1984-09-11 |
PT75290B (en) | 1984-07-30 |
DE3268806D1 (en) | 1986-03-13 |
EP0071121A3 (en) | 1983-07-27 |
NZ201392A (en) | 1985-08-16 |
IE821826L (en) | 1983-01-30 |
JPS5825985A (en) | 1983-02-16 |
ES514517A0 (en) | 1983-10-16 |
DE3130032A1 (en) | 1983-02-17 |
FI75305B (en) | 1988-02-29 |
IL66155A (en) | 1986-10-31 |
FI822583A0 (en) | 1982-07-21 |
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