EP0071085A1 - Process for the reproducible preparation of particles having differing geometries from polymer dispersions, melts or solutions - Google Patents

Process for the reproducible preparation of particles having differing geometries from polymer dispersions, melts or solutions Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0071085A1
EP0071085A1 EP82106301A EP82106301A EP0071085A1 EP 0071085 A1 EP0071085 A1 EP 0071085A1 EP 82106301 A EP82106301 A EP 82106301A EP 82106301 A EP82106301 A EP 82106301A EP 0071085 A1 EP0071085 A1 EP 0071085A1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
particles
hollow body
rotating
fixing agent
film
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EP82106301A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0071085B1 (en
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Richard Dr. Bung
Karl Gans
Gerold Schreyer
Gerhard Welzel
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BASF SE
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BASF SE
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/18—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like by means of rotating spinnerets
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/40—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like by applying a shearing force to a dispersion or solution of filament formable polymers, e.g. by stirring

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for the reproducible production of shaped particles of different geometries from polymer dispersions, solutions or melts.
  • molded particles such as binding fibers or fibrils, have been produced from polymer dispersions or solutions for strengthening nonwovens by precipitation of the dispersion or solution in a precipitation bath which is subjected to a strong shear field.
  • a precipitation bath which is subjected to a strong shear field.
  • DOS 16 60 628 describes the precipitation after the dispersion has emerged from capillaries into a turbulent, passing precipitation bath.
  • CH patent 487 672 a felling unit is described which generates strong shear with rotors and shear blades.
  • the polymer dispersion is injected under pressure in a thin stream into a moderately stirred precipitation bath, the polymer having to have a certain glass transition temperature.
  • fibrils are obtained by precipitation in a shear field of the precipitation bath generated by nozzles.
  • DOS 25 16 561 describes precipitation in a shear field with an average energy density of at least 5 Ws / cm.
  • binding fibers are produced by precipitation with simultaneous division in a shear field of a precipitation bath.
  • the shaped particles should be coagulated or fixed in their form in a precipitant or fixative and should be present as a suspension with different solids content in the respective precipitant or fixative.
  • the geometry of the shaped particles should be able to be varied from fiber and lamellar to spherical and lamellar structures. In order to be able to optimize further processing or application parameters, the particles should have a narrow shape spectrum.
  • the threads, droplets or lamellae which are still liquid are introduced into a precipitating or fixing agent film rotating in the same direction or in the opposite direction.
  • the particles are additionally and specifically deformed and coagulated in the precipitating or fixing agent or their shape is fixed. In this way, longer threads can be crushed, droplets flattened into slices and the still liquid lamellae can be branched. Due to the axial film speed, the shaped particles are transported away from the point of entry without agglomerating and discharged suspended in the precipitating or fixing agent.
  • the particular advantage of this method is that already preformed, still liquid particles, which have a narrow shape spectrum when using, for example, a rotating disk or a rotating ultrasonic atomizer, can be additionally and specifically deformed, with the primary witnessed, narrow shape spectrum is preserved and on the other hand, the deformation is virtually frozen by the precipitating or fixing agent.
  • the precipitating or fixing agent is funnel-shaped by a rotating annular gap on the inner surface of a likewise rotating hollow body which is open on at least one side and whose longitudinal geometry is cylindrical or can be curved, applied. Due to the internal longitudinal geometry but also by annular depressions or elevations of the inner wall of the rotating hollow body, the resulting centrifugal forces can form storage volumes which have a residence time which can be set via the amount of precipitant or fixative added and the associated coagulation or prior to the discharge of the suspension Allow fixing time of the shaped particles.
  • a further embodiment of the invention provides for the addition of fillers to the precipitating or fixing agent prior to film formation, as a result of which the filler and molding particles are simultaneously and homogeneously suspended due to the uniform and annular entry of the shaped particles produced into the precipitating or fixing agent suspension.
  • annular openings are made in front of the discharge opening of the hollow body, which, due to their geometry and the rotation of the hollow body, supported or reduced by an overpressure or underpressure impressed on the exterior in relation to the interior of the rotating hollow body, an adjustable throwing off of the excess precipitation or Allow fixative.
  • FIG. 1 shows a sectional drawing of the front view of a precipitation or fixing apparatus.
  • the precipitator essentially consists of a rotating hollow cylinder 1 with a distributor disk 5, an annular fixative feed channel 8 and a rotating disk 2 with product feed 10.
  • the product 9 is applied centrally to the disk 2 through the feed pipe 10 and by rotation to the edge thereof Droplets, threads or lamellas are divided.
  • the still liquid particles 4 are introduced by the centrifugal force radially outward into the fixing agent film 3, which also rotates with the hollow cylinder 1, and are transported downward away from the point of entry.
  • the hollow cylinder 1 has a likewise ring-shaped zone with bores 13 which, depending on the particle geometry, are covered on the inside with a screen film 14. Due to the centrifugal forces acting on the fixative suspension, the fixative is thrown off into an annular chamber 15. The remaining moist product is discharged through wipers 17 arranged in a star shape in the interior without being flung off into the openings 18 of a housing 11 underneath.
  • the annular chamber 15 can be subjected to an overpressure or underpressure via bores 16 with respect to the interior of the hollow cylinder 1, as a result of which the amount of fixative to be thrown out can be adjusted independently of the speed of the hollow cylinder 1. Through holes in the bottom of the In the annular chamber 15, the centrifuged fixative can be discharged and returned to an inlet 19, for example in a circle.
  • the fixative supplied via the pipe 19 is introduced into the annular channel 8 of the distributor disk 5. Due to the rotation of the distributor disk 5 and the ring channel 8, the fixing agent is thrown outwards and conveyed through the annular gap 6 between the distributor disk 5 and the hollow cylinder inner wall 1.
  • the connecting ribs 7 distributed over the circumference of the ring channel 8 support the rotational acceleration of the stationary fixative. This creates an evenly distributed and co-rotating fixative template, which can be used to produce a co-rotating and uniformly thick fixative film with the annular gap 6.
  • the respective product is fed here centrally through the axis 22 of the distributor disc 5 onto the disc 2.
  • the feed tube 10 is rotatably mounted in the distributor axis 22 and is connected to the disc 2 by sheet-shaped webs 12 and their axis. This allows the feed pipe with the disk 2 to rotate independently of the distributor speed and allows the product to be applied and distributed to the disk 2 free of rotational acceleration.
  • the hollow cylinder 1 and the disk 2 are driven separately by motors 20 and 21 here.
  • the speeds of the fixing agent film 3 and the splitter disk 2 can thus be set independently of one another, as a result of which reproducible secondary deformations of the immersed and still liquid particles can be achieved.
  • the advantages that can be achieved with the invention are, in particular, that instead of being largely turbulent and Statistical division, deformation and fixation of, for example, polymer dispersions, preformed, still liquid particles of a product that can be produced in a narrow form spectrum can be converted into shaped particles with different geometry and a narrow form spectrum by means of a specifically adjustable, variable secondary deformation with simultaneous fixation.
  • This allows the geometry of the shaped particles to be optimized in accordance with the respective intended use. For example, the penetration depths of binding particles from polymer dispersions in nonwovens and thus their mechanical properties can be optimized or varied.
  • a further advantage is the possibility of adding filler particles to the product or the fixative before the production of the molded particles, as a result of which the molded particles can be mixed homogeneously with the filler particles at the same time as they are fixed, without an additional process step.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)
  • Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
  • Immobilizing And Processing Of Enzymes And Microorganisms (AREA)

Abstract

A process for the repeatable production of shaped particles of various geometries from polymer dispersions, melts or solutions, wherein first particles are expelled by means of a rotating disk and are introduced while still liquid, in a radially outward direction, into a liquid precipitant or fixant film and the particles are thereby coagulated or fixed and also given an additional structure and are transported away from the point of introduction.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur reproduzierbaren Herstellung von Formteilchen unterschiedlicher Geometrie aus Polymerdispersionen, Lösungen oder Schmelzen.The present invention relates to a process for the reproducible production of shaped particles of different geometries from polymer dispersions, solutions or melts.

Bisher werden Formteilchen, wie Bindefasern oder Fibrillen aus Polymerdispersionen oder Lösungen zur Verfestigung von Faservliesen durch Ausfällen der Dispersion oder Lösung in einem, mit einem starken Scherfeld beaufschlagten, Fällbad hergestellt. So wird gemäß US-Patent 2 999 788 die Fällung in einem Kessel unter starkem Rühren oder durch Einspritzen bei hoher Relationsgeschwindigkeit des Fällbades vorgeschlagen. Die DOS 16 60 628 beschreibt die Fällung nach Austritt der Dispersion aus Kapillaren in ein turbulentes, vorbeifließendes Fällbad. In dem CH-Patent 487 672 wird ein Fällaggregat beschrieben, das mit Rotoren und Scherblättern eine starke Scherung erzeugt. Nach der DOS 21 59 871 spritzt man die Polymerdispersion unter Druck in dünnem Strahl in ein mäßig gerührtes Fällbad ein, wobei das Polymer eine bestimmte Glastemperatur haben muß. Nach der DOS 23 26 143 werden Fibrillen durch Fällung in einem durch Düsen erzeugten Scherfeld des Fällbads erhalten. Schließlich wird auch in der DOS 25 16 561 die Fällung in einem Scherfeld mit einer mittleren Energiedichte von mindestens 5 Ws/cm beschrieben. Bei all diesen Verfahren werden die als Bindefasern bezeichneten Formteilchen durch Ausfällen bei gleichzeitiger Zerteilung in einem Scherfeld eines Fällbads erzeugt. Damit lassen sich zwar kompliziert geformte, netzwerkartige Fibrillen, jedoch keine Bindeteilchen mit einfacher, reproduzierbarer und gezielt veränderlicher Geometrie erzeugen.Up to now, molded particles, such as binding fibers or fibrils, have been produced from polymer dispersions or solutions for strengthening nonwovens by precipitation of the dispersion or solution in a precipitation bath which is subjected to a strong shear field. For example, according to US Pat. No. 2,999,788, precipitation in a kettle with vigorous stirring or by injecting at high speed of the precipitation bath is proposed. DOS 16 60 628 describes the precipitation after the dispersion has emerged from capillaries into a turbulent, passing precipitation bath. In CH patent 487 672 a felling unit is described which generates strong shear with rotors and shear blades. According to DOS 21 59 871, the polymer dispersion is injected under pressure in a thin stream into a moderately stirred precipitation bath, the polymer having to have a certain glass transition temperature. According to DOS 23 26 143, fibrils are obtained by precipitation in a shear field of the precipitation bath generated by nozzles. Finally, DOS 25 16 561 describes precipitation in a shear field with an average energy density of at least 5 Ws / cm. In all of these processes, the shaped particles referred to as binding fibers are produced by precipitation with simultaneous division in a shear field of a precipitation bath. Although complex-shaped, network-like fibrils can be produced in this way, it is not possible to produce binding particles with simple, reproducible and specifically variable geometry.

lekannt sind ferner Verfahren zur Herstellung von Mineralfasern und Metallpulvern. Derartige Verfahren sind z.B. in Ullmanns Encyklopädie der technischen Chemie, Band 7 (1956) und Band 12 (1960) sowie im US-Patent 2 451 546 beschrieben. Mit diesen Verfahren können aus Glas-, Metall- oder Mineralschmelzen Fäden oder Kügelchen erzeugt werden, welche in Luft oder einem Wasserbad zu Fäden oder Pulver erstarren. Eine zusätzliche, gezielte Verformung der erzeugten, noch flüssigen Teilchen, z.B. zu bandförmigen Fasern oder Plättchen und deren sichere Fixierung, ist ohne zusätzliche Verfahrensschritte nicht möglich.Processes for the production of mineral fibers and metal powders are also known. Such methods are e.g. in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Volume 7 (1956) and Volume 12 (1960) and in U.S. Patent 2,451,546. With these processes, threads or beads can be produced from glass, metal or mineral melts, which solidify into threads or powder in air or a water bath. An additional, targeted deformation of the still liquid particles produced, e.g. band-shaped fibers or platelets and their secure fixation is not possible without additional process steps.

Weiterhin bekannt sind Verfahren zur Herstellung von Granulat aus Kunststoffschmelzen. Im wesentlichen werden dabei durch Extrudieren Fäden erzeugt, welche daran anschließend mechanisch zu zylindrischen Teilchen zerschlagen werden. Kugelförmiges Granulat wird durch Zertropfen von Kunststoffschmelzen hergestellt. Mit diesen Verfahren ist ebenfalls eine zusätzliche und gezielte, für eine optimale Weiterverarbeitung benötigte Verformung der Teilchen nicht möglich.Methods for producing granules from plastic melts are also known. Essentially, threads are produced by extrusion, which are then mechanically broken into cylindrical particles. Spherical granules are made by dropping plastic melts. With these methods, an additional and targeted deformation of the particles required for optimal further processing is also not possible.

Das Zerteilen von Flüssigkeiten mittels rotierender Scheiben gehört zum Stand der Technik und ist ausführlich in P. Theissing, Erzeugung von Flüssigkeitsfilmen, Flüssigkeitslamellen und Tropfen durch rotierende Scheiben; VDI--Forschungsheft 574, VDI-Verlag GmbH, Düsseldorf 1976, beschrieben. Dieses Verfahren allein ist aber zur Herstellung von z.B. Bindeteilchen aus Polymerdispersionen nicht geeignet, da die erzeugten Fäden, Tröpfchen oder Lamellen nicht, wie üblich, getrocknet sondern in ihrer Form sowohl variiert als auch in einem Fällungs- oder Fixiermittel koaguliert bzw. fixiert werden müssen.The division of liquids by means of rotating disks is part of the prior art and is described in detail in P. Theissing, generation of liquid films, liquid lamellae and drops by rotating disks; VDI - Research booklet 574, VDI-Verlag GmbH, Düsseldorf 1976. However, this method alone is for the production of e.g. Binding particles from polymer dispersions are not suitable, since the threads, droplets or lamellae produced do not dry, as is customary, but rather vary in their shape and also have to be coagulated or fixed in a precipitating or fixing agent.

Es bestand daher die Aufgabe, ein Verfahren zu entwickeln, welches die gezielte und reproduzierbare Herstellung von Formteilchen unterschiedlicher Geometrie aus Polymerdispersionen, Schmelzen oder Lösungen erlaubt. Dabei sollen die Formteilchen in einem Fällungs- oder Fixiermittel koaguliert bzw. in ihrer Form fixiert werden und als Suspension mit unterschiedlichem Feststoffgehalt im jeweiligen Fällungs-oder Fixiermittel vorliegen. Die Geometrie der Formteilchen soll dabei von faser- und lamellenartigen bis zu sphärischen und blättchenförmigen Strukturen variiert werden können. Um die Weiterverarbeitung bzw. Anwendungsparameter optimieren zu können, sollen die Teilchen ein schmales Formspektrum aufweisen.It was therefore the task to develop a process that the targeted and reproducible production of Molded particles of different geometries from polymer dispersions, melts or solutions allowed. The shaped particles should be coagulated or fixed in their form in a precipitant or fixative and should be present as a suspension with different solids content in the respective precipitant or fixative. The geometry of the shaped particles should be able to be varied from fiber and lamellar to spherical and lamellar structures. In order to be able to optimize further processing or application parameters, the particles should have a narrow shape spectrum.

Die Aufgabe wurde durch ein Verfahren gelöst, wie es in den Patentansprüchen gekennzeichnet ist.The object was achieved by a method as characterized in the patent claims.

Nach dem Zerteilen der Polymerdispersion, Lösung oder Schmelze, z.B. durch Auftragen auf eine rotierende Scheibe werden die noch flüssigen Fäden, Tröpfchen oder Lamellen in einen mit der Scheibe gleichsinnig oder gegensinnig rotierenden Fällungs- oder Fixiermittelfilm eingetragen. Je nach Richtung und Größe der einstellbaren Relativgeschwindigkeit von primär erzeugten Teilchen und Fällungs- oder Fixiermittel- film werden die Teilchen zusätzlich und gezielt verformt und im Fällung- oder Fixiermittel koaguliert bzw. in ihrer Form fixiert. Auf diese Weise können z.B. längere Fäden zerkleinert, Tröpfchen zu Scheibchen abgeflacht und die noch flüssigen Lamellen zusätzlich verästelt werden. Durch die axiale Filmgeschwindigkeit werden die Formteilchen ohne zu agglomerieren von Eintragsort wegtransportiert und im Fällungs-oder Fixiermittel suspendiert ausgetragen. Der besondere Vorteil dieses Verfahrens besteht darin, daß bereits vorgeformte, noch flüssige Teilchen, welche bei Verwendung z.B. einer rotierenden Scheibe oder eines rotierenden Ultraschallzerstäubers ein schmales Fornspektrum aufweisen, zusätzlich und gezielt verformt werden können, wobei einmal das primär er- zeugte, schmale Formspektrum erhalten bleibt und zum anderen die Verformung durch das Fällungs- oder Fixiermittel quasi eingefroren wird.After the polymer dispersion, solution or melt has been divided, for example by application to a rotating disk, the threads, droplets or lamellae which are still liquid are introduced into a precipitating or fixing agent film rotating in the same direction or in the opposite direction. Depending on the direction and size of the adjustable relative speed of primarily generated particles and precipitating or fixing agent film, the particles are additionally and specifically deformed and coagulated in the precipitating or fixing agent or their shape is fixed. In this way, longer threads can be crushed, droplets flattened into slices and the still liquid lamellae can be branched. Due to the axial film speed, the shaped particles are transported away from the point of entry without agglomerating and discharged suspended in the precipitating or fixing agent. The particular advantage of this method is that already preformed, still liquid particles, which have a narrow shape spectrum when using, for example, a rotating disk or a rotating ultrasonic atomizer, can be additionally and specifically deformed, with the primary witnessed, narrow shape spectrum is preserved and on the other hand, the deformation is virtually frozen by the precipitating or fixing agent.

Um den rotierenden Fällungs- oder Fixiermittelfilm auf stabile und einfache Weise zu erzeugen, wird nach einer weiteren Ausbildung der Erfindung das Fällungs- oder Fixiermittel durch einen rotierenden Ringspalt auf die Innenfläche eines gleichfalls rotierenden und nach mindestens einer Seite offenen Hohlkörpers, dessen Längsgeometrie zylindrisch, trichterförmig oder gekrümmt sein kann, aufgebracht. Durch die innere Längsgeometrie aber auch durch ringförmige Vertiefungen oder Erhebungen der Innenwand des rotierenden Hohlkörpers können durch die dabei auftretenden Zentrifugalkräfte Speichervolumina gebildet werden, die eine über die Zuführungsmenge des Fällungs- oder Fixiermittels einstellbare Verweilzeit und die damit vor dem Austrag der Suspension verbundene Koagulations- oder Fixierzeit der Formteilchen ermöglichen.In order to produce the rotating precipitating or fixing agent film in a stable and simple manner, according to a further embodiment of the invention, the precipitating or fixing agent is funnel-shaped by a rotating annular gap on the inner surface of a likewise rotating hollow body which is open on at least one side and whose longitudinal geometry is cylindrical or can be curved, applied. Due to the internal longitudinal geometry but also by annular depressions or elevations of the inner wall of the rotating hollow body, the resulting centrifugal forces can form storage volumes which have a residence time which can be set via the amount of precipitant or fixative added and the associated coagulation or prior to the discharge of the suspension Allow fixing time of the shaped particles.

Eine weitere Ausbildung der Erfindung sieht die Beimengung von Füllstoffen in das Fällungs- oder Fixiermittel vor der Filmbildung vor, wodurch aufgrund des gleichmäßigen und ringförmigen Eintrags der erzeugten Formteilchen in die Fällungs-oder Fixiermittelsuspension eine gleichzeitige und homogene Suspendierung vom Füllstoff und Formteilchen erfolgt.A further embodiment of the invention provides for the addition of fillers to the precipitating or fixing agent prior to film formation, as a result of which the filler and molding particles are simultaneously and homogeneously suspended due to the uniform and annular entry of the shaped particles produced into the precipitating or fixing agent suspension.

Des weiteren werden vor der Austragsöffnung des Hohlkörpers ringförmig Durchbrechungen angebracht, welche aufgrund ihrer Geometrie und der Rotation des Hohlkörpers, unterstützt oder vermindert durch einen, den Außenraum gegenüber den Innenraum des rotierenden Hohlkörpers aufgeprägten über- oder Unterdruck, ein einstellbares Abschleudern des überschüssigen Fällungs- oder Fixiermittels erlauben.In addition, annular openings are made in front of the discharge opening of the hollow body, which, due to their geometry and the rotation of the hollow body, supported or reduced by an overpressure or underpressure impressed on the exterior in relation to the interior of the rotating hollow body, an adjustable throwing off of the excess precipitation or Allow fixative.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird im folgenden näher beschrieben.An embodiment of the method according to the invention is shown in the drawing and is described in more detail below.

Es zeigtIt shows

Figur 1 eine Schnittzeichnung der Vorderansicht eines Fällungs- oder Fixierapparates.1 shows a sectional drawing of the front view of a precipitation or fixing apparatus.

In Figur 1 ist am Beispiel eines Fällungsapparates das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren mit seinem Produkt- und Fällungs- bzw. Fixiermitteldurchfluß dargestellt. Im wesentlichen besteht der Fällungsapparat aus einem rotierenden Hohlzylinder 1 mit einer Verteilerscheibe 5, einem ringförmigen Fixiermittelzulaufkanal 8 und einer rotierenden Scheibe 2 mit Produktzuführung 10. Das Produkt 9 wird auf die Scheibe 2 durch das Zuführungsrohr 10 zentral aufgebracht und durch die Rotation an deren Rand zu Tröpfchen, Fäden oder Lamellen zerteilt. Die noch flüssigen Teilchen 4 werden durch die Fliehkraft radial nach außen in den gleichfalls mit dem Hohlzylinder 1 mitrotierenden Fixiermittelfilm 3 eingetragen und mit ihm nach unten vom Eintragsort wegtransportiert. Unterhalb der ringförmigen Eintragszone besitzt der Hohlzylinder 1 eine ebenfalls ringförmig angeordnete Zone mit Bohrungen 13, welche je nach Teilchengeometrie innenseitig mit einer Siebfolie 14 abgedeckt sind. Durch die auf die Fixiermittelsuspension wirkenden Fliehkräfte wird das Fixiermittel in eine Ringkammer 15 abgeschleudert. Das verbleibende Feuchtprodukt wird durch im Innern sternförmig angeordnete Abstreifer 17 ohne Randabschleudern in darunterliegende Öffnungen 18 eines Gehäuses 11 ausgetragen. Die Ringkammer 15 kann über Bohrungen 16 gegenüber dem Innenraum des Hohlzylinders 1 mit einem über- oder Unterdruck beaufschlagt werden, wodurch die abzuschleudernde Fixiermittelmenge unabhängig von der Drehzahl des Hohlzylinders 1 eingestellt werden kann. Durch Bohrungen am Boden der Ringkammer 15 kann das abgeschleuderte Fixiermittel ausgetragen und z.B. im Kreis wieder einem Zulauf 19 zugeführt werden.In FIG. 1, using the example of a precipitation apparatus, the method according to the invention is shown with its product and precipitation or fixative flow. The precipitator essentially consists of a rotating hollow cylinder 1 with a distributor disk 5, an annular fixative feed channel 8 and a rotating disk 2 with product feed 10. The product 9 is applied centrally to the disk 2 through the feed pipe 10 and by rotation to the edge thereof Droplets, threads or lamellas are divided. The still liquid particles 4 are introduced by the centrifugal force radially outward into the fixing agent film 3, which also rotates with the hollow cylinder 1, and are transported downward away from the point of entry. Below the ring-shaped entry zone, the hollow cylinder 1 has a likewise ring-shaped zone with bores 13 which, depending on the particle geometry, are covered on the inside with a screen film 14. Due to the centrifugal forces acting on the fixative suspension, the fixative is thrown off into an annular chamber 15. The remaining moist product is discharged through wipers 17 arranged in a star shape in the interior without being flung off into the openings 18 of a housing 11 underneath. The annular chamber 15 can be subjected to an overpressure or underpressure via bores 16 with respect to the interior of the hollow cylinder 1, as a result of which the amount of fixative to be thrown out can be adjusted independently of the speed of the hollow cylinder 1. Through holes in the bottom of the In the annular chamber 15, the centrifuged fixative can be discharged and returned to an inlet 19, for example in a circle.

Das über das Rohr 19 zugeführte Fixiermittel wird in den ringförmigen Kanal 8 der Verteilerscheibe 5 eingetragen. Durch die Rotation der Verteilerscheibe 5 und des Ringkanals 8 wird das Fixiermittel nach außen geschleudert und durch den Ringspalt 6 zwischen Verteilerscheibe 5 und Hohlzylinderinnenwand 1 gefördert, Die über dem Umfang des Ringkanals 8 verteilten Verbindungsrippen 7 unterstützen die Rotationsbeschleunigung des stationär zugeführten Fixiermittels. Damit wird eine gleichmäßig über dem Umfang des Ringkanals 8 verteilte und mitdrehende Fixiermittelvorlage geschaffen, wodurch mit dem Ringspalt 6 ein ebenfalls mitdrehender und gleichmäßig dicker Fixiermittelfilm erzeugt werden kann.The fixative supplied via the pipe 19 is introduced into the annular channel 8 of the distributor disk 5. Due to the rotation of the distributor disk 5 and the ring channel 8, the fixing agent is thrown outwards and conveyed through the annular gap 6 between the distributor disk 5 and the hollow cylinder inner wall 1. The connecting ribs 7 distributed over the circumference of the ring channel 8 support the rotational acceleration of the stationary fixative. This creates an evenly distributed and co-rotating fixative template, which can be used to produce a co-rotating and uniformly thick fixative film with the annular gap 6.

Die Zuführung des jeweiligen Produktes erfolgt hier zentral durch die Achse 22 der Verteilerscheibe 5 auf die Scheibe 2. Das Zuführungsrohr 10 ist dabei drehbar in der Verteilerachse 22 gelagert und durch blattförmige Stege 12 und deren Achse mit der Scheibe 2 verbunden. Damit kann sich das Zuführungsrohr mit der Scheibe 2 unabhängig von der Verteilerdrehzahl mitdrehen und erlaubt einen rotationsbeschleunigungsfreien Auftrag und Verteilung des Produktes auf die Scheibe 2. Der Hohlzylinder 1 und die Scheibe 2 werden hier durch Motoren 20 und 21 getrennt angetrieben. Damit lassen sich die Drehzahlen von Fixiermittelfilm 3 und Zerteilerscheibe 2 unabhängig voneinander einstellen, wodurch reproduzierbare Sekundäreverformungen der eintauchenden und noch flüssigen Teilchen erzielt werden können.The respective product is fed here centrally through the axis 22 of the distributor disc 5 onto the disc 2. The feed tube 10 is rotatably mounted in the distributor axis 22 and is connected to the disc 2 by sheet-shaped webs 12 and their axis. This allows the feed pipe with the disk 2 to rotate independently of the distributor speed and allows the product to be applied and distributed to the disk 2 free of rotational acceleration. The hollow cylinder 1 and the disk 2 are driven separately by motors 20 and 21 here. The speeds of the fixing agent film 3 and the splitter disk 2 can thus be set independently of one another, as a result of which reproducible secondary deformations of the immersed and still liquid particles can be achieved.

Die mit der Erfindung erzielbaren Vorteile bestehen insbesondere darin, daß statt einer weitgehend turbulenten und also statistischen Zerteilung, Verformung und Fixierung von z.B. Polymerdispersionen, vorgeformte, in einem engen Formspektrum herstellbare, noch flüssige Teilchen eines Produktes durch eine gezielt einstellbare, variable Sekundärverformung mit gleichzeitiger Fixierung in Formteilchen mit unterschiedlicher Geometrie und engem Formspektrum überführt werden können. Dies erlaubt eine gemäß dem jeweiligen Verwendungszweck optimierende Anpassung der Geometrie der Formteilchen. So lassen sich z.B. die Eindringtiefen von Bindeteilchen aus Polymerdispersionen in Faservliesen und damit deren mechanische Eigenschaften optimieren bzw. variieren.The advantages that can be achieved with the invention are, in particular, that instead of being largely turbulent and Statistical division, deformation and fixation of, for example, polymer dispersions, preformed, still liquid particles of a product that can be produced in a narrow form spectrum can be converted into shaped particles with different geometry and a narrow form spectrum by means of a specifically adjustable, variable secondary deformation with simultaneous fixation. This allows the geometry of the shaped particles to be optimized in accordance with the respective intended use. For example, the penetration depths of binding particles from polymer dispersions in nonwovens and thus their mechanical properties can be optimized or varied.

Ein weiterer Vorteil ist die Möglichkeit der Zumischung von Füllstoffteilchen in das Produkt oder das Fixiermittel vor der Erzeugung der Formteilchen, wodurch die Formteilchen gleichzeitig mit ihrer Fixierung homogen mit den Füllstoffteilchen ohne zusätzlichen Verfahrensschritt vermengt werden können.A further advantage is the possibility of adding filler particles to the product or the fixative before the production of the molded particles, as a result of which the molded particles can be mixed homogeneously with the filler particles at the same time as they are fixed, without an additional process step.

Des weiteren läßt sich der räumlich kompakte Aufbau von Vorrichtungen in Ausübung des Verfahrens als Vorteil nennen, da ein problemloses und kostengünstiges Vorschalten des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens an weiterverarbeitende Verfahren, beispielsweise dem einer Naßvliesanlage, ermöglicht wird.Furthermore, the spatially compact construction of devices in the practice of the method can be mentioned as an advantage, since problem-free and cost-effective connection of the method according to the invention to further processing methods, for example that of a wet fleece system, is made possible.

Claims (9)

1. Verfahren zur reproduzierbaren Herstellung von Formteilchen unterschiedlicher Geometrie aus Polymerdispersionen, Schmelzen oder Lösungen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die aus Dispersionen, Lösungen oder Schmelzen durch z.B. eine rotierende Scheibe (2) erzeugten, noch flüssigen Kugeln, Fäden oder Lamellen radial nach außen in einen sowohl gleich- als auch gegensinnig rotierenden Fällungs- oder Fixiermittel- film (3) eingetragen und dadurch sowohl koaguliert bzw. fixiert als auch durch das unterschiedliche Eintauchen der Teilchen (4) zusätzlich strukturiert und vom Ein- - tragsort wegtransportiert werden.1. A process for the reproducible production of moldings of different geometries from polymer dispersions, melts or solutions, characterized in that the from dispersions, solutions or melts by e.g. A rotating disk (2) produced, still liquid balls, threads or lamellae are inserted radially outward into a precipitation or fixing agent film (3) which rotates in the same direction as well as in the opposite direction and is thereby coagulated or fixed as well as by the different immersion the particles (4) are additionally structured and transported away from the point of entry. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rotation des Fällungs- oder Fixiermittelfilms (3) durch Einbringen des Fällungs- oder Fixiermittels auf die Innenwand eines rotierenden und nach mindestens einer Seite offenen Hohlkörpers (1) mit zylindrischer, trichterförmiger oder gekrümmter Längsgeometrie erfolgt.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotation of the precipitating or fixing agent film (3) by introducing the precipitating or fixing agent onto the inner wall of a rotating and open to at least one side hollow body (1) with a cylindrical, funnel-shaped or curved longitudinal geometry he follows. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Innenflächen des nach mindestens einer Seite offenen und rotierenden Hohlkörpers (1) ringförmige Vertiefungen oder Erhebungen aufweisen, durch welche auf Grund der Zentrifugalkraftwirkung örtlich beschleunigte oder verzögerte Fällungs- oder Fixiermittelfilmgeschwindigkeiten eingestellt werden können.3. The method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the inner surfaces of the hollow body which is open and rotating to at least one side (1) have annular depressions or elevations through which locally accelerated or decelerated precipitation or fixing agent film speeds can be set due to the centrifugal force effect . 4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem Fällungs- oder Fixiermittelfilm (3) vor dem Eintrag in den rotierenden Hohlkörper (1) Füllstoffteilchen beigemischt werden, wodurch zusammen mit den erzeugten Formteilchen z.B. aus Polymerdispersionen eine homogene Suspension von Bindeteilchen und Füllstoffteilchen erzeugt werden kann.4. The method according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the precipitation or fixative film (3) before filler particles are admixed with the entry into the rotating hollow body (1), whereby a homogeneous suspension of binding particles and filler particles can be produced together with the shaped particles produced, for example from polymer dispersions. 5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der rotierende Fällungs- oder Fixiermittel- film (3) durch eine Verteilerscheibe (5) erzeugt wird, welche mit der Innenfläche des Hohlkörpers (1) einen Ringspalt (6) bildet, wobei die Zuführung des Fällungs-oder Fixiermittels über einen mit Mitnehmerrippen (7) versehenen, ringförmigen Kanal (8) erfolgt.5. The method according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that the rotating precipitation or fixative film (3) is generated by a distributor disc (5) which forms an annular gap (6) with the inner surface of the hollow body (1), wherein the precipitating or fixing agent is supplied via an annular channel (8) provided with driving ribs (7). 6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der rotierende Hohlkörper (1) vor seinem öffnungsseitigen Rand ringförmig angeordnete Durchbrechungen (13) aufweist, welche von einer Siebfolie (14) abgedeckt werden und ein Abschleudern des Fällungs- oder Fixiermittels in eine Ringkammer (15) erlauben, die zur Unterstützung oder Verminderung der Austragsmenge und damit der, z.B. zur Trocknung oder Beschichtung notwendigen Restfeuchte der Formteilchen mit einem gegenüber dem Innenraum des Hohlkörpers befindlichen Über- oder Unterdruck beaufschlagt werden kann.6. The method according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that the rotating hollow body (1) in front of its opening-side edge has openings (13) arranged in a ring, which are covered by a screen film (14) and a centrifuging of the precipitating or fixing agent in one Allow annular chamber (15) to support or reduce the discharge amount and thus the, for Residual moisture of the molded particles required for drying or coating can be subjected to an overpressure or underpressure relative to the interior of the hollow body. 7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Innenraum des Hohlkörpers (1) im Bereich der Siebfolie (14) sternförmig einer oder mehrere schräggestellte Abstreifer (17) angeordnet sind, deren Enden bis mindestens zum offenen Hohlzylinderrand reichen, wodurch ein schonender und auf den Abstreiferort begrenzter Austrag des Feuchtproduktes in die Austragsöffnung (18) eines Gehäuses (11) ermöglicht wird.7. The method according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that in the interior of the hollow body (1) in the region of the screen film (14) one or more inclined wipers (17) are arranged in a star shape, the ends of which extend at least to the open hollow cylinder edge, thereby a more gentle and on the scraper location limited discharge of the moist product into the discharge opening (18) of a housing (11) is made possible. 8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei Gleichlauf von Hohlkörper (1) und z.B. der Scheibe (2) beide über die Verteilerscheibe (5) und das Produktzuführungsrohr (10) starr verbunden werden.8. The method according to claim 1 to 7, characterized in that when the hollow body (1) and e.g. the disc (2) are both rigidly connected via the distributor disc (5) and the product feed pipe (10). 9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei unterschiedlicher Drehbewegung von Hohlkörper (1) und z.B. der Scheibe (2) beide einzeln angetrieben werden, wobei die Produktzuführung drehbar durch die Verteilerachse (22) sowohl in Ruhe als auch durch Verbinden mit der Scheibe (2) mit ihr mitdrehend erfolgt.9. The method according to claim 1 to 7, characterized in that with different rotational movement of the hollow body (1) and e.g. the disc (2) are both driven individually, the product feed being rotatable through the distributor axis (22) both at rest and by rotating with the disc (2).
EP82106301A 1981-07-22 1982-07-14 Process for the reproducible preparation of particles having differing geometries from polymer dispersions, melts or solutions Expired EP0071085B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82106301T ATE9915T1 (en) 1981-07-22 1982-07-14 PROCESS FOR THE REPRODUCABLE MANUFACTURE OF MOLDED PARTS OF DIFFERENT GEOMETRY FROM POLYMER DISPERSIONS, MELTS OR SOLUTIONS.

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DE19813128872 DE3128872A1 (en) 1981-07-22 1981-07-22 METHOD FOR REPRODUCIBLE PRODUCTION OF MOLDED PARTICLES OF DIFFERENT GEOMETRY FROM POLYMER DISPERSIONS, MELTS OR SOLUTIONS
DE3128872 1981-07-22

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DE4241514A1 (en) * 1992-12-10 1994-06-16 Freudenberg Carl Fa Spinning rotor
WO1996027700A1 (en) * 1995-03-03 1996-09-12 Akzo Nobel N.V. Centrifugal spinning process for spinnable solutions

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JPS63236608A (en) * 1987-03-26 1988-10-03 Kinzoku Kogyo Jigyodan Apparatus for coagulation and granulation
US5342557A (en) * 1990-11-27 1994-08-30 United States Surgical Corporation Process for preparing polymer particles
US5143662A (en) * 1991-02-12 1992-09-01 United States Surgical Corporation Process for preparing particles of bioabsorbable polymer
GB2377661B (en) * 2001-07-20 2005-04-20 Univ Newcastle Methods of manufacturing particles
DE102010010553A1 (en) * 2010-03-05 2011-09-08 Carl Freudenberg Kg Process for the preparation of fibers from polymer dispersions
CN103498203B (en) * 2013-09-26 2016-12-07 徐东 Wet spinning centrifugal production equipment

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Also Published As

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ATE9915T1 (en) 1984-11-15
EP0071085B1 (en) 1984-10-17
DE3128872A1 (en) 1983-02-10
JPS5829825A (en) 1983-02-22
DE3260998D1 (en) 1984-11-22
US4485055A (en) 1984-11-27

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