EP0070558A1 - Fuel-injection pump - Google Patents

Fuel-injection pump Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0070558A1
EP0070558A1 EP82106523A EP82106523A EP0070558A1 EP 0070558 A1 EP0070558 A1 EP 0070558A1 EP 82106523 A EP82106523 A EP 82106523A EP 82106523 A EP82106523 A EP 82106523A EP 0070558 A1 EP0070558 A1 EP 0070558A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
distributor shaft
switching valve
fuel supply
fuel injection
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP82106523A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0070558B1 (en
Inventor
Jean Leblanc
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication of EP0070558A1 publication Critical patent/EP0070558A1/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/20Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing
    • F02M59/205Quantity of fuel admitted to pumping elements being metered by an auxiliary metering device
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M41/00Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor
    • F02M41/02Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor being spaced from pumping elements
    • F02M41/06Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor being spaced from pumping elements the distributor rotating
    • F02M41/063Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor being spaced from pumping elements the distributor rotating the distributor and rotary valve controlling fuel passages to pumping elements being combined
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M41/00Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor
    • F02M41/02Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor being spaced from pumping elements
    • F02M41/06Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor being spaced from pumping elements the distributor rotating
    • F02M41/063Fuel-injection apparatus with two or more injectors fed from a common pressure-source sequentially by means of a distributor the distributor being spaced from pumping elements the distributor rotating the distributor and rotary valve controlling fuel passages to pumping elements being combined
    • F02M41/066Arrangements for adjusting the rotary valve-distributor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection pump according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • a known fuel injection pump of this type (DE-PS 1 303 637)
  • the distributor for quantity determination is axially displaced by a mechanical speed regulator and rotated relative to the drive shaft during its longitudinal displacement for the start of injection adjustment.
  • This relatively complex regulation has the disadvantage that, due to the rigid assignment of the control variables, an adaptation to the requirements of the internal combustion engine manufacturers, inter alia, in the reduction of noise, fuel consumption and poisonous portion of the exhaust gas cannot be achieved.
  • the fuel injection pump according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage of forming the basis for an extremely flexible injection pump control.
  • almost all of the requirements of the internal combustion engine manufacturers are in the Begur engine parameters such as consumption, temperature, exhaust gas, etc. can be met.
  • the standard effort required for this is relatively small and extremely flexible.
  • By simultaneously controlling the control points of the control groove and the switching valve used for metering it is advantageously possible to provide the fuel injection phases as desired and independently of the speed and injection quantity within the delivery stroke range of the pump piston (s).
  • the electrical control device provided for control and the electrical switching valve are not exposed to the injection pressure.
  • the combination of the switching valve and the control edges of the control groove, which are guided in synchronism with the pump speed, can substantially avoid an adverse, uncontrolled influence of the speed on the fuel metering, as is the case due to the constant switching times of fuel injection pumps controlled by solenoid valves, with extremely versatile possibilities of influencing the injection.
  • FIG. 1 shows a fuel injection pump according to the invention in longitudinal section and FIG. 2 in the representations A, B, C, D and E five different working positions each shown on the cross sections according to lines I, II and III in FIG. 1.
  • a distributor shaft 2 and radially arranged pump pistons 3 are mounted in the housing 1 of a fuel injection pump.
  • the pump pistons 3 are driven via a cam ring 4, which surrounds the pistons in a pot shape and with the drive shaft of the fuel injection pump, not shown, is firmly connected.
  • the distributor shaft 2 is carried along by the drive shaft, but the distributor shaft 2 is axially displaceable in the housing 1.
  • an annular groove 5 is arranged, which delimits the pump working spaces 6 with the pistons 3.
  • longitudinal grooves are connected, of which a longitudinal groove 7 cooperates as a distributor groove with the delivery lines 8, which lead to the fuel injection nozzles 9 on the internal combustion engine and are opened one after the other through the distributor groove 7.
  • the distributor groove 7 can be designed as a long longitudinal groove branching off from the annular groove 5, or can be made shorter via a longitudinal channel 21 and two radial channels 22, 23 of the distributor shaft with the annular groove 5 (shown in dashed lines in FIG. 1).
  • 2 control grooves 10 are arranged on the outer surface of the distributor shaft, which are connected to the annular groove 5 and extend slightly obliquely with respect to a surface line of the distributor shaft 2.
  • control grooves control a fuel supply opening 13 which opens into the cylinder 14 guiding the distributor shaft 2 and represents the end of a pressure channel 11 which is supplied with fuel by a fuel feed pump 12.
  • An electrically actuated switching valve 16 is arranged in the pressure channel, which preferably has a slide as a valve closing element and is thus pressure-balanced. In particular, however, this valve should be of a type that can perform fast switching operations.
  • the delivery pressure of the fuel delivery pump is kept at a constant value by means of a pressure control valve 17.
  • the distributor shaft 2 is longitudinally displaceable, which is done with the aid of an electrical adjusting device 18.
  • This device is shown only schematically in the drawing and acts on the rotating distributor shaft via a point-like contact surface.
  • FIG. 2 For a more detailed explanation of the function, five different rotary positions A, B, C, D and E are shown in FIG. 2, each of which represents the rotary positions in the sectional planes I, II and III of the fuel injection pump according to FIG. 1 in a schematic juxtaposition.
  • the distributor shaft 2 is cut in the area of the pump pistons 3.
  • the sectional plane II passes through the fuel supply opening 13 and the sectional plane III lies in the confluence plane of the delivery lines 8.
  • a cam 24 of the cam ring 4 is also shown in its assignment to the pump piston 3, with the pump piston 3 and the cam 24 in between a roller 25 is connected in a known manner.
  • the illustration A shows the rotational position of the distributor shaft 2 at the start of filling the pump work spaces 6 with fuel.
  • the roller 25 has reached the highest elevation of the cam 24 and is to be followed in the concept of the falling flank of the cam.
  • the pump piston is moved outwards and the pump working space 6 is enlarged.
  • the switching valve 16 is at this time in the open position and the control groove 10 has just opened the connection to the pressure channel 11. Fuel can thus enter the annular groove 5 via the control groove 10 and from there into the pump work spaces 6.
  • the fuel pressure ensures that the rollers 25 remain in contact with the cams 24.
  • the representation B shows the moment at which the switching valve 16 is closed. From this point in time, although the control groove 10 is still in connection with the pressure channel 11, the supply of fuel is stopped, so that the pump piston 3 maintains the position it has assumed at that point in time and lifts off the cam. This is the end of the metering.
  • the representation E shows the end of the injection, which is reached when the control groove 10 is brought back into connection with the pressure channel 11.
  • the distributor groove 7 is still connected to the delivery line 8
  • the fuel delivery is now interrupted, since the remaining fuel delivered by the pump piston 3 can flow off to the fuel supply side via the pressure channel.
  • a further channel 26 can be provided, which bypasses the switching valve 16 and contains a check valve 27. In this way, the control cross section is enlarged and it is ensured that the injection is stopped suddenly. This last phase is then followed by phase A and the process described above is repeated.
  • the fuel injection quantity per stroke can be determined solely by the switching valve 16.
  • the metering phase is determined on the one hand by opening the pressure line 11 with a speed-controlled control edge of the control groove 10 and on the other hand by closing the switching valve 16.
  • the influence of the speed in fuel metering only comes into play once due to the constant switching time of the switching valve 16.
  • This -Control type leads to changing injection start times with variable injection quantity. The end of the spray, however, can be kept constant.
  • Another control option is that an equal amount of fuel is constantly metered through the switching valve 16, whereby a constant injection timing is achieved and that for varying the fuel injection quantity the distributor shaft 2 is shifted.
  • the shift changes the point at which the control groove 10 is reconnected to the pressure line 11 at the end of the injection phase.
  • the position of the end of injection is therefore variable.
  • This control also has the advantage that the metering is not dependent on the switching times of the switching valve.
  • any quantity of fuel can be injected within any range of the possible delivery stroke of the pump pistons 3.
  • any desired spraying times and spraying times can be achieved depending on the temperature load, speed and other parameters of the internal combustion engines.

Abstract

Es wird eine Kraftsstoffeinspritzpumpe vorgeschlagen, bei der die Kraftstoffzumessung während des Saughubes der Pumpenkolben der Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe zugeführte Kraftstoffmenge über einen Druckkanal (11) erfolgt, dessen Querschnitt einmal durch ein elektrische gesteuertes Schaltventil (16) und zum anderen durch die Steuerung einer Kraftstoffzuführöffnung (13) des Druckkanals (11) mittels einer Steuernut (10) gesteuert wird, ?? mit dem Pumpenarbeitsraum in Verbindung steht und als Teil einer Verteilerwelle drehzahlsynchron geführt wird. Durch schräge Anordnung der Steuernut (10) und der Möglichkeit einer elektrisch gesteuerten Längsverschiebung der Verteilerwelle (2) wird in Verbindung mit dem Schaltventil (16) die Winkellage der Einspritzung beliebig gestaltbar.A fuel injection pump is proposed, in which the fuel metering takes place during the suction stroke of the pump pistons of the fuel injection pump via a pressure channel (11), the cross section of which is controlled by an electrically controlled switching valve (16) and by the control of a fuel feed opening (13) Pressure channel (11) is controlled by means of a control groove (10) communicates with the pump work area and is guided as part of a distributor shaft in synchronism with the speed. Through the inclined arrangement of the control groove (10) and the possibility of an electrically controlled longitudinal displacement of the distributor shaft (2) in connection with the switching valve (16), the angular position of the injection can be designed as desired.

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs. Bei einer bekannten Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe dieser Art (DE-PS 1 303 637) wird der Verteiler zur Mengenbestimmung axial durch einen mechanischen Drehzahlregler verschoben und für die Spritzbeginnverstellung relativ zur Antriebswelle bei seiner Längsverschiebung verdreht. Diese verhältnismäßige aufwendige Regelung hat den Nachteil, daß infolge der starren Zuordnung der Regel- bzw. Steuergrößen eine Anpassung an die Forderungen der Brennkraftmaschinenhersteller unter anderem in der Verminderung von Geräusch, Kraftstoffverbrauch und Giftanteil des Abgases nicht erfüllbar sind.The invention relates to a fuel injection pump according to the preamble of the main claim. In a known fuel injection pump of this type (DE-PS 1 303 637), the distributor for quantity determination is axially displaced by a mechanical speed regulator and rotated relative to the drive shaft during its longitudinal displacement for the start of injection adjustment. This relatively complex regulation has the disadvantage that, due to the rigid assignment of the control variables, an adaptation to the requirements of the internal combustion engine manufacturers, inter alia, in the reduction of noise, fuel consumption and poisonous portion of the exhaust gas cannot be achieved.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Die erfindungsgemäße Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, die Grundlage für eine äußerst flexible Einspritzpumpenregelung zu bilden. In Ausgestaltung dieser Grundlage sind nahezu sämtliche Forderungen der Brennkraftmaschinenhersteller in der Berücksichtigung von Motorkenngrößen wie Verbrauch, Temperatur, Abgas usw. erfüllbar. Der hierzu erforderliche Regelaufwand ist verhältnismäßig gering und äußerst flexibel. Durch das gleichzeitige Steuern der Steuerpunkte der Steuernut und des der Zumessung dienenden Schaltventils ist es vorteilhaft möglich, die Phasen der Kraftstoffeinspritzung beliebig und unabhängig von Drehzahl und Einspritzmenge innerhalb des Förderhubbereiches des bzw. der Pumpenkolben vorzusehen. Die zur Steuerung vorgesehene elektrische Stellvorrichtung und das elektrische Schaltventil, sind dabei nicht dem Einspritzdruck ausgesetzt. Durch die Kombination Schaltventil und pumpendrehzahlsynchron geführte Steuerkanten der Steuernut kann bei äußerst vielseitigen Einflußmöglichkeiten auf die Einspritzung ein nachteiliger unkontrollierter Einfluß der Drehzahl auf die Kraftstoffzumessung, wie das wegen den konstanten Schaltzeiten bei mit Magnetventilen gesteuerten Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpen der Fall ist, im wesentlichen vermieden werden.In contrast, the fuel injection pump according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage of forming the basis for an extremely flexible injection pump control. In the development of this basis, almost all of the requirements of the internal combustion engine manufacturers are in the Berück engine parameters such as consumption, temperature, exhaust gas, etc. can be met. The standard effort required for this is relatively small and extremely flexible. By simultaneously controlling the control points of the control groove and the switching valve used for metering, it is advantageously possible to provide the fuel injection phases as desired and independently of the speed and injection quantity within the delivery stroke range of the pump piston (s). The electrical control device provided for control and the electrical switching valve are not exposed to the injection pressure. The combination of the switching valve and the control edges of the control groove, which are guided in synchronism with the pump speed, can substantially avoid an adverse, uncontrolled influence of the speed on the fuel metering, as is the case due to the constant switching times of fuel injection pumps controlled by solenoid valves, with extremely versatile possibilities of influencing the injection.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel des Gegenstandes der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung vereinfacht dargestellt und im folgenden näher beschrieben. Es zeigen Figur 1 eine erfindungsgemäße Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe im Längsschnitt und Figur 2 in den Darstellungen A, B, C, D und E fünf verschiedene Arbeitsstellungen jeweils gezeigt an den Querschnitten gemäß den Linien I, II und III in Figur 1.An embodiment of the object of the invention is shown in simplified form in the drawing and described in more detail below. 1 shows a fuel injection pump according to the invention in longitudinal section and FIG. 2 in the representations A, B, C, D and E five different working positions each shown on the cross sections according to lines I, II and III in FIG. 1.

Beschreibung des ErfindungsbeispielsDescription of the invention example

In dem Gehäuse 1 einer Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe ist eine Verteilerwelle 2 sowie radial angeordnete Pumpenkolben 3 gelagert. Die Pumpenkolben 3 werden über einen Nockenring 4 angetrieben, der topfförmig die Kolben umgreift und mit der nicht dargestellten Antriebswelle der Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe fest verbunden ist. Über eine nicht dargestellte Kupplung wird die Verteilerwelle 2 durch die Antriebswelle mitgenommen, wobei jedoch die Verteilerwelle 2 im Gehäuse 1 axial verschiebbar ist. Auf der Mantelfläche der Verteilerwelle 2 ist eine Ringnut 5 angeordnet, die mit den Kolben 3 die Pumpenarbeitsräume 6 begrenzt. Mit dieser Ringnut 5 sind Längsnuten verbunden, von denen eine Längsnut 7 als Verteilernut mit den Förderleitungen 8 zusammenwirkt, die zu den Kraftstoffeinspritzdüsen 9 an der Brennkraftmaschine führen und nacheinander durch die Verteilernut 7 aufgesteuert werden. Die Verteilernut 7 kann dabei als eine von der Ringnut 5 abzweigenden lange Längsnut ausgeführt sein oder kürzer ausgeführt über einen Längskanal 21 und zwei Radialkanäle 22, 23 der Verteilerwelle mit der Ringnut 5 verbunden sein (in Fig.r 1 gestrichelt dargestellt). Außerdem sind auf der Mantelfläche der Verteilerwelle 2 Steuernuten 10 angeordnet, die mit der Ringnut 5 verbunden sind und bezogen auf eine Mantellinie der Verteilerwelle 2 leicht schräg verlaufen. Diese Steuernuten steuern eine Kraftstoffzuführöffnung 13, die in den die Verteilerwelle 2 führenden Zylinder 14 mündet und das Ende eines Druckkanals 11 darstellt, der von einer Kraftstofförderpumpe 12 mit Kraftstoff versorgt wird. In dem Druckkanal ist ein elektrisch betätigbares Schaltventil 16 angeordnet, das vorzugsweise als Ventilschließglied einen Schieber aufweist und somit druckausgeglichen ist. Insbesondere soll dieses Ventil jedoch von einer Bauart sein, die schnelle Schaltvorgänge ausführen kann. Der Förderdruck der Kraftstofförderpumpe wird mit Hilfe eines Druckregelventils 17 auf einem konstanten Wert gehalten.A distributor shaft 2 and radially arranged pump pistons 3 are mounted in the housing 1 of a fuel injection pump. The pump pistons 3 are driven via a cam ring 4, which surrounds the pistons in a pot shape and with the drive shaft of the fuel injection pump, not shown, is firmly connected. Via a clutch, not shown, the distributor shaft 2 is carried along by the drive shaft, but the distributor shaft 2 is axially displaceable in the housing 1. On the lateral surface of the distributor shaft 2, an annular groove 5 is arranged, which delimits the pump working spaces 6 with the pistons 3. With this annular groove 5, longitudinal grooves are connected, of which a longitudinal groove 7 cooperates as a distributor groove with the delivery lines 8, which lead to the fuel injection nozzles 9 on the internal combustion engine and are opened one after the other through the distributor groove 7. The distributor groove 7 can be designed as a long longitudinal groove branching off from the annular groove 5, or can be made shorter via a longitudinal channel 21 and two radial channels 22, 23 of the distributor shaft with the annular groove 5 (shown in dashed lines in FIG. 1). In addition, 2 control grooves 10 are arranged on the outer surface of the distributor shaft, which are connected to the annular groove 5 and extend slightly obliquely with respect to a surface line of the distributor shaft 2. These control grooves control a fuel supply opening 13 which opens into the cylinder 14 guiding the distributor shaft 2 and represents the end of a pressure channel 11 which is supplied with fuel by a fuel feed pump 12. An electrically actuated switching valve 16 is arranged in the pressure channel, which preferably has a slide as a valve closing element and is thus pressure-balanced. In particular, however, this valve should be of a type that can perform fast switching operations. The delivery pressure of the fuel delivery pump is kept at a constant value by means of a pressure control valve 17.

Wie bereits erwähnt ist die Verteilerwelle 2 längs verschiebbar, was mit Hilfe einer elektrischen Stellvorrichtung 18 erfolgt. Diese Vorrichtung ist in der Zeichnung nur schematisch wiedergegeben und wirkt über eine punktförmige Berührungsfläche auf die rotierende Verteilerwelle. Bei der Verschiebung der Verteilerwelle entgegen der Kraft einer Feder 19 ändert sich die Lage der Steuernut 10 bezogen auf die Kraftstoffzuführöffnung 13 bei einer konstant angenommenen Drehstellung der Antriebswelle und somit ändert sich auch die Steuerzeiten, bei denen die Kraftstoffzuführöffnung 13 geöffnet ist.As already mentioned, the distributor shaft 2 is longitudinally displaceable, which is done with the aid of an electrical adjusting device 18. This device is shown only schematically in the drawing and acts on the rotating distributor shaft via a point-like contact surface. When the distributor shaft is displaced counter to the force of a spring 19, the position of the control groove 10 with respect to the fuel supply opening 13 changes when the rotational position of the drive shaft is assumed to be constant, and thus the timing at which the fuel supply opening 13 is opened also changes.

Zur näheren Erläuterung der Funktion sind in Figur 2 fünf verschiedene Drehstellungen A, B, C, D und E dargestellt, von denen jede in schematischer Nebeneinanderordnung die Drehstellungen in den Schnittebenen I, II und III der-Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe gemäß Figur 1 wiedergibt. Beim Schnitt I wird die Verteilerwelle 2 im Bereich der Pumpenkolben 3 geschnitten. Die Schnittebene II geht durch die Kraftstoffzuführöffnung 13 und die Schnittebene III liegt in der Einmündungsebene der Förderleitungen 8. Beim Schnitt I ist weiterhin auch ein Nocken 24 des Nockenrings 4 in seiner Zuordnung zum Pumpenkolben 3 gezeigt, wobei zwischen dem Pumpenkolben 3 und dem Nocken 24 in bekannter Weise eine Rolle 25 geschaltet ist.For a more detailed explanation of the function, five different rotary positions A, B, C, D and E are shown in FIG. 2, each of which represents the rotary positions in the sectional planes I, II and III of the fuel injection pump according to FIG. 1 in a schematic juxtaposition. In section I, the distributor shaft 2 is cut in the area of the pump pistons 3. The sectional plane II passes through the fuel supply opening 13 and the sectional plane III lies in the confluence plane of the delivery lines 8. In section I, a cam 24 of the cam ring 4 is also shown in its assignment to the pump piston 3, with the pump piston 3 and the cam 24 in between a roller 25 is connected in a known manner.

Die Darstellung A zeigt die Drehstellung der Verteilerwelle 2 bei Beginn des Auffüllens der Pumpenarbeitsräume 6 mit Kraftstoff. Die Rolle 25 hat zu diesem Zeitpunkt die höchste Erhebung des Nockens 24 erreicht und ist im Begriff der abfallenden Flanke des Nockens zu folgen. Dabei wird der Pumpenkolben nach außen bewegt und der Pumpenarbeitsraum 6 vergrößert. Das Schaltventil 16 befindet sich zu diesem Zeitpunkt in der geöffneten Stellung und die Steuernut 10 hat gerade die Verbindung zum Druckkanal 11 geöffnet. Somit kann Kraftstoff über die Steuernut 10 in die Ringnut 5 und von dort in die Pumpenarbeitsräume 6 gelangen. Der Kraftstoffdruck sorgt dafür, daß die Rollen 25 in Anlage an den Nocken 24 bleiben.The illustration A shows the rotational position of the distributor shaft 2 at the start of filling the pump work spaces 6 with fuel. At this point the roller 25 has reached the highest elevation of the cam 24 and is to be followed in the concept of the falling flank of the cam. The pump piston is moved outwards and the pump working space 6 is enlarged. The switching valve 16 is at this time in the open position and the control groove 10 has just opened the connection to the pressure channel 11. Fuel can thus enter the annular groove 5 via the control groove 10 and from there into the pump work spaces 6. The fuel pressure ensures that the rollers 25 remain in contact with the cams 24.

Bei der Darstellung B ist der Moment erfaßt, bei der das Schaltventil 16 geschlossen wird. Obwohl die Steuernut 10 noch in Verbindung mit dem Druckkanal 11 ist, wird ab diesem Zeitpunkt die Zufuhr von Kraftstoff gestopt, so daß die Pumpenkolben 3, die in diesem Zeitpunkt eingenommene Stellung beibehält und vom Nocken abhebt. Damit ist das Ende der Zumessung erreicht.The representation B shows the moment at which the switching valve 16 is closed. From this point in time, although the control groove 10 is still in connection with the pressure channel 11, the supply of fuel is stopped, so that the pump piston 3 maintains the position it has assumed at that point in time and lifts off the cam. This is the end of the metering.

Bei der Darstellung C ist die Verbindung zwischen Steuernut 10 und Druckkanal 11 unterbrochen. Ab diesem Zeitpunkt kann bereits wieder das Schaltventil 16 geöffnet werden, so daß keine Schaltverlustzeiten durch die endliche Schaltzeit des Magnetventils und kein durch die Schaltzeit des Magnetventils erzeugter Drehzahl-Einfluß auf die Kraftstoffmenge auftreten kann. Der Nocken 24 hat sich gegenüber dem Pumpenkolben bzw. der Rolle 25 weiterbewegt und die Pumpenkolben 3 befinden sich noch immer in der bei der Darstellung B fixierten Stellung.In the representation C, the connection between control groove 10 and pressure channel 11 is interrupted. From this point on, the switching valve 16 can be opened again, so that no switching loss times due to the finite switching time of the solenoid valve and no speed influence on the fuel quantity caused by the switching time of the solenoid valve can occur. The cam 24 has moved further with respect to the pump piston or the roller 25 and the pump pistons 3 are still in the position fixed in the representation B.

Bei der Darstellung D hat nun der nächste Nocken 24" die Rolle 25 erreicht, die im Laufe der Weiterbewegung des Nocken 24' die Pumpenkolben 3 einwärts bewegt. Die Pumpenkolben 3 führen nun den Förderhub aus und 'drücken den Kraftstoff über den Längskanal 21 und den Radialkanal 22 in die Längsnut 7, die nunmehr in Verbindung mit einer der Förderleitungen 8 steht. In diese wird der geförderte Kraftstoff gepreßt und zur Einspritzstelle bei der Brennkraftmaschine gebracht. Der Druckkanal 11 ist weiterhin durch die Verteilerwelle gesperrt und das Schaltventil 16 ist geöffnet.In the representation D, the next cam 24 "has now reached the roller 25, which in the course of the further movement of the cam 24 'moves the pump pistons 3 inwards Radial channel 22 into the longitudinal groove 7, which is now in communication with one of the delivery lines 8. The delivered fuel is pressed into this and brought to the injection point at the internal combustion engine Channel 11 is still blocked by the distributor shaft and the switching valve 16 is open.

Die Darstellung E zeigt das Ende der Einspritzung, das dann erreicht ist, wenn die Steuernut 10 wieder in Verbindung mit dem Druckkanal 11 gebracht wird. Obwohl die Verteilernut 7 noch in Verbindung mit der Förderleitung 8 steht, wird jetzt die Kraftstofförderung unterbrochen, da der restliche vom Pumpenkolben 3 geförderte Kraftstoff über den Druckkanal zur Kraftstoffversorgungsseite abfließen kann. Zur Verbesserung der Absteuerung kann ein weiterer Kanal 26 vorgesehen werden, der das Schaltventil 16 umgeht und ein Rückschlagventil 27 enthält. Auf diese Weise wird der Absteuerquerschnitt vergrößert und es wird gewährleistet, daß die Einspritzung schlagartig beendet wird. An diese letzte Phase schließt sich dann danach wieder die Phase A an und der oben beschriebene Vorgang wiederholt sich. Wie man dieser Beschreibung entnehmen kann, kann die Kraftstoffeinspritzmenge pro Hub allein durch das Schaltventil 16 bestimmt werden. Dabei wird die Zumeßphase einerseits durch das Öffnen der Druckleitung 11 mit einer drehzahlsynchron geführten Steuerkante der Steuernut 10 bestimmt und andererseits durch das Schließen des Schaltventils 16. Es kommt somit nur einmal der Drehzahleinfluß bei der Kraftstoffzumessung zum Tragen aufgrund der konstanten Schaltzeit des Schaltventils 16. Diese -Steuerungsart führt bei variabler Einspritzmenge zu sich ändernden Spritzbeginnzeiten. Das Spritzende kann dagegen konstant gehalten werden.The representation E shows the end of the injection, which is reached when the control groove 10 is brought back into connection with the pressure channel 11. Although the distributor groove 7 is still connected to the delivery line 8, the fuel delivery is now interrupted, since the remaining fuel delivered by the pump piston 3 can flow off to the fuel supply side via the pressure channel. To improve the control, a further channel 26 can be provided, which bypasses the switching valve 16 and contains a check valve 27. In this way, the control cross section is enlarged and it is ensured that the injection is stopped suddenly. This last phase is then followed by phase A and the process described above is repeated. As can be seen from this description, the fuel injection quantity per stroke can be determined solely by the switching valve 16. The metering phase is determined on the one hand by opening the pressure line 11 with a speed-controlled control edge of the control groove 10 and on the other hand by closing the switching valve 16. Thus, the influence of the speed in fuel metering only comes into play once due to the constant switching time of the switching valve 16. This -Control type leads to changing injection start times with variable injection quantity. The end of the spray, however, can be kept constant.

Eine andere Steuerungsmöglichkeit ist die, daß über das Schaltventil 16 ständig eine gleich große Kraftstoffmenge zugemessen wird, wodurch ein konstanter Einspritzzeitpunkt erzielt wird und daß zur Variation der Kraftstoffeinspritzmenge die Verteilerwelle 2 verschoben wird. Durch die Verschiebung ändert sich der Punkt, bei dem die Steuernut 10 am Ende der Einspritzphase wieder mit der Druckleitung 11 verbunden wird. Die Lage des Einspritzendes ist somit veränderlich. Diese Steuerung hat weiterhin den Vorteil, daß die Zumessung nicht von den Schaltzeiten des Schaltventils abhängig ist. Durch Kombination von sowohl Verteilerwellenverschiebung als auch variabler Öffnungszeiten des Schaltventils 16 kann eine beliebige Kraftstoffmenge innerhalb eines beliebigen Bereiches des möglichen Förderhubs der Pumpenkolben 3 zur Einspritzung gelangen. Mit einer entsprechend ausgestalteten Steuereinrichtung lassen sich hier beliebige Spritzzeitpunkte und Spritzdauern in Abhängigkeit von Temperaturlast, Drehzahl und anderen Parametern der Brennkraftmaschinen erzielen.Another control option is that an equal amount of fuel is constantly metered through the switching valve 16, whereby a constant injection timing is achieved and that for varying the fuel injection quantity the distributor shaft 2 is shifted. The shift changes the point at which the control groove 10 is reconnected to the pressure line 11 at the end of the injection phase. The position of the end of injection is therefore variable. This control also has the advantage that the metering is not dependent on the switching times of the switching valve. By combining both the distributor shaft displacement and the variable opening times of the switching valve 16, any quantity of fuel can be injected within any range of the possible delivery stroke of the pump pistons 3. With an appropriately designed control device, any desired spraying times and spraying times can be achieved depending on the temperature load, speed and other parameters of the internal combustion engines.

Claims (5)

1. Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe mit wenigstens einem von einem Pumpenkolben in einem Zylinder eingeschlossenen Pumpenarbeitsraum, der mit einer Verteileröffnung an einer in einem Zylinder rotierenden Verteilerwelle in ständiger Verbindung steht und durch diese bei der Drehung der Verteilerwelle nacheinander während des Förderhubs des Pumpenkolbens mit einer der am Umfang des Zylinders verteilt angeordneten, vom Zylinder zur Kraftstoffeinspritzstelle führenden Förderleitungen verbindbar ist und daß der Pumpenarbeitsraum weiterhin mit einer Steuernut in der Mantelfläche der Verteilerwelle in ständiger Verbindung steht, wobei die Steuernut mit einer in den Zylinder mündenden Kraftstoffzuführöffnung zusammenwirkt und die Verteilerwelle axial verschiebbar und damit die Drehlage der Steuernut in bezug auf die Kraftstoffzuführöffnung und den Antrieb der Verteilerwelle änderbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kraftstoffzuführöffnung (13) über ein elektrisch betätigbares Schaltventil (16) mit einer Kraftstoffversorgungsquelle verbindbar ist und das Schaltventil von einer elektrischen Steuereinrichtung so steuerbar ist, daß das Schaltventil geöffnet wird, nachdem die Kraftstoffzuführbohrung (13) durch die nachlaufende Begrenzungskante der Steuernut (10) geschlossen ist und zu einem Zeitpunkt geschlossen wird, wenn die vorlaufende Steuerkante der Steuernut (10) die Kraftstoffzuführöffnung (13) wieder geöffnet hat und daß die Verteilerwelle (2) durch eine elektrische Stellvorrichtung (18) verschiebbar ist.1. Fuel injection pump with at least one pump work space enclosed by a pump piston in a cylinder, which is in constant communication with a distributor opening on a distributor shaft rotating in a cylinder and through this in rotation of the distributor shaft in succession during the delivery stroke of the pump piston with one of the circumferences of the Distributed cylinder, from the cylinder leading to the fuel injection delivery lines can be connected and that the pump workspace is still in constant communication with a control groove in the lateral surface of the distributor shaft, the control groove cooperating with a fuel supply opening opening into the cylinder and the distributor shaft axially displaceable and thus the rotational position the control groove can be changed with respect to the fuel supply opening and the drive of the distributor shaft, characterized in that the fuel supply opening (13) has an electrically actuated switching valve (16) a fuel supply source ver is bindable and the switching valve can be controlled by an electrical control device in such a way that the switching valve is opened after the fuel supply bore (13) is closed by the trailing boundary edge of the control groove (10) and is closed at a point in time when the leading control edge of the control groove ( 10) the fuel supply opening (13) has opened again and that the distributor shaft (2) can be displaced by an electrical adjusting device (18). 2. Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Druck der Kraftstoffversorgungsquelle mittels eines Druckreglers (17) konstant einstellbar ist.2. Fuel injection pump according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure of the fuel supply source by means of a pressure regulator (17) is constantly adjustable. . 3. Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Steuernut (10) gegenüber der Achsrichtung der Verteilerwelle (2) geneigt ist.. 3. Fuel injection pump according to claim 1, characterized in that the control groove (10) relative to the axial direction of the distributor shaft (2) is inclined. 4. Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Schaltventil (16) als Schließglied einen Schieber aufweist.4. Fuel injection pump according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the switching valve (16) has a slide as a closing member. 5. Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß parallel zum Schaltventil (16) eine Entlastungsleitung (26) vorgesehen ist, die ein zur Kraftstoffversorgungsquelle hin öffnendes Rückschlagventil (27) enthält.5. Fuel injection pump according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a relief line (26) is provided in parallel with the switching valve (16), which contains a check valve (27) opening towards the fuel supply source.
EP82106523A 1981-07-22 1982-07-20 Fuel-injection pump Expired EP0070558B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19813128975 DE3128975A1 (en) 1981-07-22 1981-07-22 FUEL INJECTION PUMP
DE3128975 1981-07-22

Publications (2)

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EP0070558A1 true EP0070558A1 (en) 1983-01-26
EP0070558B1 EP0070558B1 (en) 1984-10-31

Family

ID=6137494

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EP82106523A Expired EP0070558B1 (en) 1981-07-22 1982-07-20 Fuel-injection pump

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4501246A (en)
EP (1) EP0070558B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS5825565A (en)
BR (1) BR8204235A (en)
DE (2) DE3128975A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2536464A1 (en) * 1982-11-24 1984-05-25 Bosch Gmbh Robert FUEL INJECTION PUMP
GB2156910A (en) * 1984-04-05 1985-10-16 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injection pump
WO1987006307A1 (en) * 1986-04-17 1987-10-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection pump for internal combustion engines
WO1989000243A1 (en) * 1987-07-06 1989-01-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection pump

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5098260A (en) * 1990-04-23 1992-03-24 Cummins-Engine Company, Inc. Position-servo device for positioning a stop in a positive displacement fuel injection system
US5215449A (en) * 1991-12-05 1993-06-01 Stanadyne Automotive Corp. Distributor type fuel injection pump
JPH11508345A (en) 1995-06-23 1999-07-21 ディーゼル テクノロジー カンパニー Fuel pump and operating method thereof
US5954487A (en) * 1995-06-23 1999-09-21 Diesel Technology Company Fuel pump control valve assembly
US6158419A (en) * 1999-03-10 2000-12-12 Diesel Technology Company Control valve assembly for pumps and injectors
US6089470A (en) * 1999-03-10 2000-07-18 Diesel Technology Company Control valve assembly for pumps and injectors
US6450778B1 (en) 2000-12-07 2002-09-17 Diesel Technology Company Pump system with high pressure restriction
ATE337482T1 (en) * 2004-06-30 2006-09-15 Fiat Ricerche HIGH PRESSURE PUMP WITH VARIABLE FLOW RATE FOR A FUEL INJECTION SYSTEM

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FR2389005A1 (en) * 1977-04-30 1978-11-24 Lucas Industries Ltd LIQUID FUEL PUMPING UNIT
DE3017276A1 (en) * 1980-05-06 1981-11-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart FUEL INJECTION PUMP FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES

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DE3024963A1 (en) * 1980-07-02 1982-01-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart FUEL INJECTION DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES, ESPECIALLY FOR DIESEL ENGINES

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FR1387296A (en) * 1963-12-19 1965-01-29 Sigma Improvements made to rotary distributor fuel injection pumps
FR2389005A1 (en) * 1977-04-30 1978-11-24 Lucas Industries Ltd LIQUID FUEL PUMPING UNIT
DE3017276A1 (en) * 1980-05-06 1981-11-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart FUEL INJECTION PUMP FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2536464A1 (en) * 1982-11-24 1984-05-25 Bosch Gmbh Robert FUEL INJECTION PUMP
GB2156910A (en) * 1984-04-05 1985-10-16 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injection pump
WO1987006307A1 (en) * 1986-04-17 1987-10-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection pump for internal combustion engines
US5050558A (en) * 1986-04-17 1991-09-24 Andre Brunel Fuel injection pump for internal-combustion engines
WO1989000243A1 (en) * 1987-07-06 1989-01-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection pump

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3128975A1 (en) 1983-02-10
EP0070558B1 (en) 1984-10-31
BR8204235A (en) 1983-07-12
US4501246A (en) 1985-02-26
JPH024780B2 (en) 1990-01-30
JPS5825565A (en) 1983-02-15
DE3261137D1 (en) 1984-12-06

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