EP0070249B1 - Isolating switch - Google Patents

Isolating switch Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0070249B1
EP0070249B1 EP82730079A EP82730079A EP0070249B1 EP 0070249 B1 EP0070249 B1 EP 0070249B1 EP 82730079 A EP82730079 A EP 82730079A EP 82730079 A EP82730079 A EP 82730079A EP 0070249 B1 EP0070249 B1 EP 0070249B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switching pin
scissors
bushing
auxiliary
isolating switch
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82730079A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0070249A2 (en
EP0070249A3 (en
Inventor
Dieter Dipl.-Ing. Lorenz
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Publication of EP0070249A2 publication Critical patent/EP0070249A2/en
Publication of EP0070249A3 publication Critical patent/EP0070249A3/en
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Publication of EP0070249B1 publication Critical patent/EP0070249B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H31/26—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with movable contact that remains electrically connected to one line in open position of switch
    • H01H31/32—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with movable contact that remains electrically connected to one line in open position of switch with rectilinearly-movable contact

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a disconnector with a fixed, tubular contact piece and a movable, tubular switching pin, which is guided in a fixed outer part and contains an auxiliary switching pin movable in relation to the switching pin, which can be connected to an auxiliary contact piece of the fixed contact piece.
  • a known disconnector of this type (Siemens operating instructions SW 8378-220 «3CB switch disconnector, 10 kV», pages 102/1 to 102/3) is designed as a switch disconnector and has an auxiliary switching pin so that an arc only occurs between a so-called sliding contact when it is switched off and a burn-off ring of the switching pin is formed because gas is split off from the insulating material of the fixed outer part by this arc, which escapes from the quenching pot with vigorous flow while deionizing the switching path.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a circuit breaker which, even in the case of a version for higher voltages and the large separation distances required, has short flashover times without requiring a particularly fast-operating drive.
  • flashover time is understood to mean the time during which an arc occurs between the stationary contact piece and the movable switching pin when switching on or off.
  • a support shaft is attached to the switching pin, on which at least one socket is arranged; on the outside of the circumference of the socket there is an end of a scissor-like connecting element, the other end of which is attached to the auxiliary switching pin, and on the outside of the circumference of the socket are elements of a mechanical control device which cause rotation of the socket when the switching pin is moved.
  • a major advantage of the circuit breaker according to the invention is that relatively short flashover times can be achieved both when switching on and when switching off, without the need for a special, relatively fast drive for the switching pin.
  • the need for a fast drive is achieved by a comparatively simple design of the isolating switch, in that it is provided with an auxiliary switching pin which is only mechanically connected to the switching pin via a scissor-like connecting element and a socket on a support shaft.
  • the elements of a mechanical control device ensure that by rotating the socket on the support shaft, the scissor-like connecting link is opened after a relatively short path of the switching pin, whereby the auxiliary switching pin comes into contact with the auxiliary contact piece of the fixed contact piece considerably earlier than the switching pin.
  • the disconnector according to the invention is also advantageous during the opening movement because the scissor-like connecting element only closes when the switching pin has moved relatively far from the fixed contact piece; at this moment the contact between the auxiliary contact piece and the auxiliary switching pin is only released.
  • the support shaft with the at least one socket and also the scissor-like connecting element can be arranged on the outside of the switching pin.
  • the support axis and also the scissor-like connecting element are located inside the switching pin. In this case, no complex insulation measures and no openings and slots in the switching pin are required in order to establish the mechanical connection between the switching pin and the auxiliary switching pin guided inside it.
  • the support axis and the scissor-like connecting element lie inside or outside the switching pin, it is advantageous to create well-defined movement conditions if the scissor-type connecting element lies in a plane which is perpendicular to a plane formed by the center axes of the auxiliary switching pin and the supporting axis .
  • the mechanical control device and the elements attached to the circumference of the socket can be designed differently, provided that they only fulfill the task of causing a rotation of the socket to open the scissor-like connecting element when the switching pin is moved.
  • the elements of the control device are two stop levers which are offset from one another on the circumference of the bushing and interact with two lugs of the outer part during the movement of the switching pin.
  • the two approaches in the vicinity of the support axis advantageously overlap over a predetermined distance and extend from this distance in each case in an axis-parallel direction.
  • the auxiliary switching pin initially moves at the same speed as the switching pin, because the scissor-like connecting member remains in its largely closed state, and that only after a predetermined path of the switching pin through the elements of mechanical control device, a rotary movement of the socket and thus an opening of the scissor-like connecting element occurs, whereby the speed of movement of the auxiliary switching pin increases considerably and after a relatively short time contact between the auxiliary switching pin and the auxiliary contact piece is brought about long before the switching pin has reached the stationary contact piece.
  • the scissor-like connecting link can also be designed in different ways in the disconnector according to the invention. So it is considered advantageous if the scissor-like connecting element contains a scissor element which is guided axially in the switching pin. The axial guidance is absolutely necessary, because otherwise the opening and closing of the scissor element cannot be achieved when the bushing rotates.
  • the scissor-like connecting element can advantageously also be designed such that it consists of two scissor elements; A further bush is then arranged on the supporting axis, and one scissor element is fastened on the outside to the circumference of the one bush and the other scissor element is fastened on the outside to the circumference of the further bush.
  • a switching pin 2 is mounted for longitudinal movement in a fixed outer part 1.
  • the switching pin 2 has a support axis 3, the central axis 4 of which extends through the longitudinal axis 5 of the switching pin 2.
  • a bushing 6 is rotatably arranged on the support shaft 3.
  • an end 7 of a scissor-like connecting member 8 is fastened, the other end 9 of which is connected to an auxiliary switching pin 10 which is mounted in the switching pin 2 so as to be longitudinally movable.
  • an element 11 designed as a stop lever and a further element 12 of a mechanical control device designed as another stop lever.
  • the two stop levers 11 and 12 are held offset from one another on the circumference of the bush 6.
  • the mechanical control device is completed by an extension 13 which extends in the direction of the arrow 14 to the point 15 of the outer part 1; a further extension 16 extends in the direction of arrow 17 and ends at point 18.
  • the extensions 13 and 16 thus overlap in the area between points 18 and 15.
  • the scissor-like connecting element 8 contains not only a scissor element 19 but also a further scissor element 20.
  • This further scissor element 20 is fastened with its one end 21 on the outside to the circumference of a further bushing 22. At its other end, it is connected to the auxiliary switching pin 10 in the same way as the scissors element 19.
  • the two scissor elements 19 and 20 are connected to one another at bearing points 23.
  • the outer part 1 with the switching pin 2 and the auxiliary switching pin 10 is opposite a - in the figure only schematically shown - fixed contact piece 24, in which there is an auxiliary contact piece, not shown, for receiving the auxiliary switching pin 10.
  • the fixed outer part 1 and the fixed contact piece 24 are spaced apart from one another via a separating section T.
  • the disconnector is shown in its starting position, in which the disconnector is fully open.
  • the scissor-like connecting member 8 is largely closed.
  • One stop lever 11 extends freely downward, while the further stop lever 12 is supported on the shoulder 13 in the overlapping area between points 18 and 15.
  • the switching pin 2 is in this state within the fixed outer part 1; the auxiliary switching pin 10 is almost completely inside the switching pin 2.
  • the scissor-like connecting member 8 When the bushing 6 rotates, the scissor-like connecting member 8 is opened because the end 7 is now guided from the outside to the central axis of the switching pin 2 or of the auxiliary switching pin 10. If, for example, the scissor element 19 took the angle a to the center axis of the auxiliary switching pin 10 in the closed state (cf. illustration 2), the angle ⁇ is now enclosed by the scissor element and the center axis. The opening of the scissor-like connecting member 8 leads to the auxiliary switching pin 10 almost suddenly covering a path s1 which can be described by the following equation:
  • s2 describes the path that the support axis 3 or the switching pin 2 travels during the rotational movement of the bush 3; this way is shown in the illustration 3.
  • r denotes the length of the section of the scissor elements 19 and 20 from the respective common bearing point 23 to the outside.
  • n is the number of these sections featured. From the above equation it can be seen that the auxiliary switching pin covers a considerably greater distance than the switching pin 2 during the transition from the position of the switching pin 2 according to illustration 2 to that according to illustration 3, which leads to rapid contact between the auxiliary contact piece and the auxiliary contact piece 10 , which significantly reduces the pre-rollover time when switching on.
  • the representation 4 of the figure shows that after contact has been made between the auxiliary switching pin 10 and the auxiliary contact piece, the movement of switching pin 2 and auxiliary switching pin 10 takes place at the same speed, covering the same distance in each case, the auxiliary switching pin 10 penetrating even further into the auxiliary contact piece. In this way, the switching pin 2 finally comes into contact with the fixed contact piece 24, and the disconnector is closed.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Trennschalter mit einem feststehenden, rohrförmigen Kontaktstück und einem bewegbaren, rohrförmigen Schaltstift, der in einem feststehenden Außenteil geführt ist und in seinem Innern einen relativ zum Schaltstift bewegbaren Hilfsschaltstift enthält, der mit einem Hilfskontaktstück des feststehenden Kontaktstückes verbindbar ist.The invention relates to a disconnector with a fixed, tubular contact piece and a movable, tubular switching pin, which is guided in a fixed outer part and contains an auxiliary switching pin movable in relation to the switching pin, which can be connected to an auxiliary contact piece of the fixed contact piece.

Ein bekannter Trennschalter dieser Art (Siemens Betriebsanleitung SW 8378-220 « Lasttrennschalter 3CB, 10 kV », Seiten 102/1 bis 102/3) ist als Lasttrennschalter ausgebildet und weist einen Hilfsschaltstift auf, damit bei einer Ausschaltbewegung ein Lichtbogen nur zwischen einem sogenannten Gleitschaltstück und einem Abbrennring des Schaltstiftes gebildet wird, weil durch diesen Lichtbogen Gas aus dem Isolierstoff des feststehenden Außenteiles abgespalten wird, das unter Entionisierung der Schaltstrecke mit kräftiger Strömung aus dem Löschtopf entweicht. Eine Löschvorrichtung ist bei dem bekannten Lasttrennschalter zwischen dem feststehenden Kontaktstück und dem Schaltstift nicht vorgesehen, so daß zwischen diesen beiden Kontaktelementen beim Ausschalten eine galvanische Verbindung über den Hilfsschaltstift so lange aufrechterhalten werden muß, bis die Schaltstrecke nach Löschung des Lichtbogens unterbrochen ist. Danach wird der Hilfsschaltstift aus dem Hilfskontaktstück des feststehenden Kontaktstückes herausgerissen, so daß der Trennschalter sichtbar aufgetrennt ist.A known disconnector of this type (Siemens operating instructions SW 8378-220 «3CB switch disconnector, 10 kV», pages 102/1 to 102/3) is designed as a switch disconnector and has an auxiliary switching pin so that an arc only occurs between a so-called sliding contact when it is switched off and a burn-off ring of the switching pin is formed because gas is split off from the insulating material of the fixed outer part by this arc, which escapes from the quenching pot with vigorous flow while deionizing the switching path. An extinguishing device is not provided in the known switch disconnector between the fixed contact piece and the switching pin, so that a galvanic connection via the auxiliary switching pin must be maintained between these two contact elements until the switching path is interrupted after the arc has been extinguished. Then the auxiliary switching pin is torn out of the auxiliary contact piece of the fixed contact piece, so that the isolating switch is visibly opened.

Die Erfindung stellt sich die Aufgabe, einen Trennschalter vorzuschlagen, der auch bei einer Ausführung für höhere Spannungen und den dabei notwendigen großen Trennstrecken kurze Vorüberschlagszeiten aufweist, ohne eines besonders schnell arbeitenden Antriebs zu bedürfen. Dabei wird unter Vorüberschlagszeit die Zeit verstanden, während der ein Lichtbogen zwischen dem feststehenden Kontaktstück und dem bewegbaren Schaltstift beim Einschalten oder Ausschalten auftritt.The object of the invention is to propose a circuit breaker which, even in the case of a version for higher voltages and the large separation distances required, has short flashover times without requiring a particularly fast-operating drive. The term flashover time is understood to mean the time during which an arc occurs between the stationary contact piece and the movable switching pin when switching on or off.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist bei einem Trennschalter der eingangs angegebenen Art erfindungsgemäß am Schaltstift eine Tragachse befestigt, auf der mindestens eine Buchse angeordnet ist ; außen am Umfang der Buchse ist ein Ende eines scherenartigen Verbindungsgliedes angebracht, dessen anderes Ende am Hilfsschaltstift befestigt ist, und außen am Umfang der Buchse sind Elemente einer mechanischen Steuereinrichtung befestigt, die bei der Bewegung des Schaltstiftes eine Drehung der Buchse hervorruft.To solve this problem, in a disconnector of the type specified in the invention, a support shaft is attached to the switching pin, on which at least one socket is arranged; on the outside of the circumference of the socket there is an end of a scissor-like connecting element, the other end of which is attached to the auxiliary switching pin, and on the outside of the circumference of the socket are elements of a mechanical control device which cause rotation of the socket when the switching pin is moved.

Ein wesentlicher Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Trennschalters besteht darin, daß sowohl bei der Einschalt- als auch bei der Ausschaltbewegung verhältnismäßig kurze Vorüberschlagszeiten erzielbar sind, ohne daß dazu ein spezieller, verhältnismäßig schneller Antrieb für den Schaltstift benötigt wird. Dabei ist der Verzicht auf einen schnellen Antrieb durch eine vergleichsweise einfache Ausgestaltung des Trennschalters erreicht, indem dieser mit einem Hilfsschaltstift versehen ist, der lediglich über ein scherenartiges Verbindungsglied und eine Buchse auf einer Tragachse mit dem Schaltstift in mechanischer Verbindung steht. Die Elemente einer mechanischen Steuereinrichtung sorgen dabei dafür, daß durch eine Drehung der Buchse auf der Tragachse das scherenartige Verbindungsglied nach einem verhältnismäßig kurzen Weg des Schaltstiftes geöffnet wird, wodurch der Hilfsschaltstift erheblich früher als der Schaltstift in Kontakt mit dem Hilfsschaltstück des feststehenden Kontaktstückes gelangt. Auch bei der Ausschaltbewegung ist der erfindungsgemäße Trennschalter vorteilhaft, weil ein Schließen des scherenartigen Verbindungsgliedes erst dann eintritt, wenn sich der Schaltstift verhältnismäßig weit vom feststehenden Kontaktstück entfernt hat; in diesem Augenblick erfolgt auch erst ein Auflösen der Kontaktgabe zwischen dem Hilfskontaktstück und dem Hilfsschaltstift.A major advantage of the circuit breaker according to the invention is that relatively short flashover times can be achieved both when switching on and when switching off, without the need for a special, relatively fast drive for the switching pin. The need for a fast drive is achieved by a comparatively simple design of the isolating switch, in that it is provided with an auxiliary switching pin which is only mechanically connected to the switching pin via a scissor-like connecting element and a socket on a support shaft. The elements of a mechanical control device ensure that by rotating the socket on the support shaft, the scissor-like connecting link is opened after a relatively short path of the switching pin, whereby the auxiliary switching pin comes into contact with the auxiliary contact piece of the fixed contact piece considerably earlier than the switching pin. The disconnector according to the invention is also advantageous during the opening movement because the scissor-like connecting element only closes when the switching pin has moved relatively far from the fixed contact piece; at this moment the contact between the auxiliary contact piece and the auxiliary switching pin is only released.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Trennschalter kann die Tragachse mit der mindestens einen Buchse und auch das scherenartige Verbindungsglied außen am Schaltstift angeordnet sein. Aus isolationstechnischen Gründen und zur Erzielung einer gedrängten Bauform erscheint es jedoch vorteilhafter, wenn sich die Tragachse und auch das scherenartige Verbindungsglied im Innern des Schaltstiftes befinden. In diesem Faller werden nämlich keine aufwendigen lsolationsmaßnahmen und keine Öffnungen und Schlitze im Schaltstift benötigt, um die mechanische Verbindung zwischen dem Schaltstift und dem in seinem Innern geführten Hilfsschaltstift herzustellen.In the disconnector according to the invention, the support shaft with the at least one socket and also the scissor-like connecting element can be arranged on the outside of the switching pin. For reasons of insulation technology and to achieve a compact design, however, it appears to be more advantageous if the support axis and also the scissor-like connecting element are located inside the switching pin. In this case, no complex insulation measures and no openings and slots in the switching pin are required in order to establish the mechanical connection between the switching pin and the auxiliary switching pin guided inside it.

Unabhängig davon, ob die Tragachse und das scherenartige Verbindungsglied innerhalb oder außerhalb des Schaltstiftes liegen, ist es zur Schaffung gut definierbarer Bewegungsverhältnisse vorteilhaft, wenn das scherenartige Verbindungsglied in einer Ebene liegt, die senkrecht zu einer von den Mittenachsen des Hilfsschaltstiftes und der Tragachse gebildeten Ebene liegt.Regardless of whether the support axis and the scissor-like connecting element lie inside or outside the switching pin, it is advantageous to create well-defined movement conditions if the scissor-type connecting element lies in a plane which is perpendicular to a plane formed by the center axes of the auxiliary switching pin and the supporting axis .

Die mechanische Steuereinrichtung und die am Umfang der Buchse angebrachten Elemente können unterschiedlich ausgeführt sein, sofern sie nur der Aufgabe gerecht werden, bei der Bewegung des Schaltstiftes eine Drehbewegung der Buchse zum Öffnen des scherenartigen Verbindungsgliedes zu bewirken. Zur Erzielung einer konstruktiv einfachen Ausführung erscheint es vorteilhaft, wenn die Elemente der Steuereinrichtung zwei am Umfang der Buchse versetzt zueinander angeordnete Anschlaghebel sind, die bei der Bewegung des Schaltstiftes mit zwei Ansätzen des Außenteiles zusammenwirken. Dabei überlappen sich die zwei Ansätze in der Nähe der Tragachse über eine vorgegebene Strecke vorteilhafterweise und erstrecken sich von dieser Strecke aus in jeweils einer achsparallelen Richtung. Dadurch wird erreicht, daß sich der Hilfsschaltstift zunächst mit derselben Geschwindigkeit wie der Schaltstift bewegt, weil das scherenartige Verbindungsglied in seinem weitgehend geschlossenen Zustand bleibt, und daß erst nach einem vorgegebenen Weg des Schaltstiftes durch die Elemente der mechanischen Steuereinrichtung eine Drehbewegung der Buchse und damit ein Öffnen des scherenartigen Verbindungsgliedes eintritt, wodurch die Bewegungsgeschwindigkeit des Hilfsschaltstiftes erheblich erhöht und nach verhältnismäßig kurzer Zeit eine Kontaktgabe zwischen dem Hilfsschaltstift und dem Hilfskontaktstück bewirkt wird, lange bevor der Schaltstift zu dem feststehenden Kontaktstück gelangt ist.The mechanical control device and the elements attached to the circumference of the socket can be designed differently, provided that they only fulfill the task of causing a rotation of the socket to open the scissor-like connecting element when the switching pin is moved. In order to achieve a structurally simple design, it appears advantageous if the elements of the control device are two stop levers which are offset from one another on the circumference of the bushing and interact with two lugs of the outer part during the movement of the switching pin. The two approaches in the vicinity of the support axis advantageously overlap over a predetermined distance and extend from this distance in each case in an axis-parallel direction. It is thereby achieved that the auxiliary switching pin initially moves at the same speed as the switching pin, because the scissor-like connecting member remains in its largely closed state, and that only after a predetermined path of the switching pin through the elements of mechanical control device, a rotary movement of the socket and thus an opening of the scissor-like connecting element occurs, whereby the speed of movement of the auxiliary switching pin increases considerably and after a relatively short time contact between the auxiliary switching pin and the auxiliary contact piece is brought about long before the switching pin has reached the stationary contact piece.

Das scherenartige Verbindungsglied kann bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Trennschalter ebenfalls in unterschiedlicher Weise ausgebildet sein. So wird es als vorteilhaft angesehen, wenn das scherenartige Verbindungsglied ein Scherenelement enthält, das im Schaltstift axial geführt ist. Die axiale Führung ist hierbei unbedingt erforderlich, weil sonst ein Öffnen und Schließen des Scherenelementes bei der Drehbewegung der Buchse nicht erreichbar ist.The scissor-like connecting link can also be designed in different ways in the disconnector according to the invention. So it is considered advantageous if the scissor-like connecting element contains a scissor element which is guided axially in the switching pin. The axial guidance is absolutely necessary, because otherwise the opening and closing of the scissor element cannot be achieved when the bushing rotates.

Unter Verzicht auf eine axiale Führung kann das scherenartige Verbindungsglied in vorteilhafter Weise auch so ausgebildet sein, daß es aus zwei Scherenelementen besteht ; auf der Tragachse ist dann eine weitere Buchse angeordnet, und das eine Scherenelement ist außen am Umfang der einen Buchse und das andere Scherenelement außen am Umfang der weiteren Buchse befestigt.With no axial guidance, the scissor-like connecting element can advantageously also be designed such that it consists of two scissor elements; A further bush is then arranged on the supporting axis, and one scissor element is fastened on the outside to the circumference of the one bush and the other scissor element is fastened on the outside to the circumference of the further bush.

Zur Erläuterung der Erfindung ist in der Figur ein Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Trennschalters schematisch in seinen verschiedenen Bewegungszuständen dargestellt.To explain the invention, an exemplary embodiment of the disconnector according to the invention is shown schematically in its various movement states in the figure.

Wie die Darstellung 1 der Figur erkennen läßt, ist in einem feststehenden Außenteil 1 ein Schaltstift 2 längsbewegbar gelagert. Der Schaltstift 2 weist eine Tragachse 3 auf, deren Mittenachse 4 durch die Längsachse 5 des Schaltstiftes 2 verläuft. Auf der Tragachse 3 ist drehbar eine Buchse 6 angeordnet. An dieser Buchse 6 ist ein Ende 7 eines scherenartigen Verbindungsgliedes 8 befestigt, dessen anderes Ende 9 mit einem Hilfsschaltstift 10 verbunden ist, der längsbewegbar im Schaltstift 2 gelagert ist.As can be seen in the illustration 1 of the figure, a switching pin 2 is mounted for longitudinal movement in a fixed outer part 1. The switching pin 2 has a support axis 3, the central axis 4 of which extends through the longitudinal axis 5 of the switching pin 2. A bushing 6 is rotatably arranged on the support shaft 3. At this socket 6, an end 7 of a scissor-like connecting member 8 is fastened, the other end 9 of which is connected to an auxiliary switching pin 10 which is mounted in the switching pin 2 so as to be longitudinally movable.

Außen am Umfang der Buchse 6 ist ein als Anschlaghebel ausgebildetes Element 11 sowie ein als weiterer Anschlaghebel ausgebildetes weiteres Element 12 einer mechanischen Steuervorrichtung angebracht. Die beiden Anschlaghebel 11 und 12 sind versetzt zueinander am Umfang der Buchse 6 gehalten. Die mechanische Steuervorrichtung wird vervollständigt durch einen Ansatz 13, der sich in Richtung des Pfeiles 14 bis zur Stelle 15 des Außenteiles 1 erstreckt ; ein weiterer Ansatz 16 erstreckt sich in Richtung des Pfeiles 17 und endet an der Stelle 18. Die Ansätze 13 und 16 überlappen einander also in dem Bereich zwischen den Punkten 18 und 15.On the outside of the circumference of the bushing 6 there is an element 11 designed as a stop lever and a further element 12 of a mechanical control device designed as another stop lever. The two stop levers 11 and 12 are held offset from one another on the circumference of the bush 6. The mechanical control device is completed by an extension 13 which extends in the direction of the arrow 14 to the point 15 of the outer part 1; a further extension 16 extends in the direction of arrow 17 and ends at point 18. The extensions 13 and 16 thus overlap in the area between points 18 and 15.

In dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel enthält das scherenartige Verbindungsglied 8 nicht nur ein Scherenelement 19, sondern noch ein weiteres Scherenelement 20. Dieses weitere Scherenelement 20 ist mit seinem einen Ende 21 außen am Umfang einer weiteren Buchse 22 befestigt. Mit seinem anderen Ende ist es ebenso wie das Scherenelement 19 mit dem Hilfsschaltstift 10 verbunden. Die beiden Scherenelemente 19 und 20 sind in Lagerpunkten 23 miteinander verbunden.In the exemplary embodiment shown, the scissor-like connecting element 8 contains not only a scissor element 19 but also a further scissor element 20. This further scissor element 20 is fastened with its one end 21 on the outside to the circumference of a further bushing 22. At its other end, it is connected to the auxiliary switching pin 10 in the same way as the scissors element 19. The two scissor elements 19 and 20 are connected to one another at bearing points 23.

Dem Außenteil 1 mit dem Schaltstift 2 und dem Hilfsschaltstift 10 liegt ein - in der Figur nur schematisch dargestelltes - feststehendes Kontaktstück 24 gegenüber, in dem sich ein nicht dargestelltes Hilfskontaktstück zur Aufnahme des Hilfsschaltstiftes 10 befindet. Das feststehende Außenteil 1 und das feststehende Kontaktstück 24 sind über eine Trennstrecke T voneinander im Abstand angeordnet.The outer part 1 with the switching pin 2 and the auxiliary switching pin 10 is opposite a - in the figure only schematically shown - fixed contact piece 24, in which there is an auxiliary contact piece, not shown, for receiving the auxiliary switching pin 10. The fixed outer part 1 and the fixed contact piece 24 are spaced apart from one another via a separating section T.

In der Darstellung 1 der Figur ist der Trennschalter in seiner Ausgangsstellung wiedergegeben, in der der Trennschalter vollständig geöffnet ist. In diesem Zustand ist das scherenartige Verbindungsglied 8 weitgehend geschlossen. Der eine Anschlaghebel 11 erstreckt sich frei nach unten, während sich der weitere Anschlaghebel 12 auf dem Ansatz 13 im überlappenden Bereich zwischen den Punkten 18 und 15 abstützt. Der Schaltstift 2 befindet sich in diesem Zustand innerhalb des feststehenden Außenteiles 1 ; der Hilfsschaltstift 10 liegt nahezu vollständig im Innern des Schaltstiftes 2.In the illustration 1 of the figure, the disconnector is shown in its starting position, in which the disconnector is fully open. In this state, the scissor-like connecting member 8 is largely closed. One stop lever 11 extends freely downward, while the further stop lever 12 is supported on the shoulder 13 in the overlapping area between points 18 and 15. The switching pin 2 is in this state within the fixed outer part 1; the auxiliary switching pin 10 is almost completely inside the switching pin 2.

Wird der Schaltstift 2 durch Betätigung eines in der Figur nicht dargestellten Antriebes in Richtung auf das feststehende Kontaktstück 24 bewegt, dann gelangt der eine Anschlaghebel 11 gegen den Ansatz 16 an der Stelle 18, während der weitere Anschiaghebe) 12 die Stelle 15 erreicht, wo der Ansatz 13 aufhört. Bis zu dieser in der Darstellung 2 gezeigten Lage wird der Hilfsschaltstift 10 mit gleicher Geschwindigkeit wie der Schaltstift 2 bewegt ; das scherenartige Verbindungsglied 8 bleibt im weitgehend geschlossenen Zustand. Wird der Schaltstift 2 noch weiter vorwärts bewegt, und gelangt er in die in der Darstellung 3 gezeigten Lage, dann wird die Buchse 6 auf der Tragachse 3 in Richtung des Pfeiles 25 geschwenkt, da der eine Anschlaghebel 11 nunmehr auf den Ansatz 16 läuft. Der weitere Anschlaghebel 12 ist von dem Ansatz 13 heruntergeführt. Bei der Drehbewegung der Buchse 6 wird das scherenartige Verbindungsglied 8 geöffnet, weil das Ende 7 von außen nunmehr auf die Mittenachse des Schaltstiftes 2 bzw. des Hilfsschaltstiftes 10 zu geführt wird. Nahm beispielsweise das Scherenelement 19 im geschlossenen Zustand zur Mittenachse des Hilfsschaltstiftes 10 den Winkel a ein (vgl. Darstellung 2), so wird jetzt von dem Scherenelement und der Mittenachse der Winkel β eingeschlossen. Das Öffnen des scherenartigen Verbindungsgliedes 8 führt dazu, daß der Hilfsschaltstift 10 nahezu schlagartig einen Weg s1 zurücklegt, der sich durch folgende Gleichung beschreiben läßt :

Figure imgb0001
If the switching pin 2 is moved in the direction of the fixed contact piece 24 by actuating a drive (not shown in the figure), then one stop lever 11 comes against the shoulder 16 at the point 18, while the further viewing lever) 12 reaches the point 15 where the Approach 13 stops. Up to this position shown in the illustration 2, the auxiliary switching pin 10 is moved at the same speed as the switching pin 2; the scissor-like connecting member 8 remains in the largely closed state. If the switching pin 2 is moved further forward, and it reaches the position shown in the illustration 3, then the bushing 6 is pivoted on the supporting axis 3 in the direction of the arrow 25, since the one stop lever 11 now runs onto the shoulder 16. The further stop lever 12 is led down from the neck 13. When the bushing 6 rotates, the scissor-like connecting member 8 is opened because the end 7 is now guided from the outside to the central axis of the switching pin 2 or of the auxiliary switching pin 10. If, for example, the scissor element 19 took the angle a to the center axis of the auxiliary switching pin 10 in the closed state (cf. illustration 2), the angle β is now enclosed by the scissor element and the center axis. The opening of the scissor-like connecting member 8 leads to the auxiliary switching pin 10 almost suddenly covering a path s1 which can be described by the following equation:
Figure imgb0001

In dieser Gleichung beschreibt s2 den Weg, den die Tragachse 3 bzw. der Schaltstift 2 während der Drehbewegung der Buchse 3 zurücklegt; in der Darstellung 3 ist dieser Weg eingezeichnet. Mit r ist in obiger Gleichung die Länge des Abschnitts der Scherenelemente 19 bzw. 20 von dem jeweils gemeinsamen Lagerpunkt 23 nach außen hin bezeichnet. Mit n ist die Anzahl dieser Abschnitte gekennzeichnet. Aus der obigen Gleichung ist zu ersehen, daß der Hilfsschaltstift beim Übergang von der Stellung des Schaltstiftes 2 nach Darstellung 2 zu der nach Darstellung 3 einen erheblich größeren Weg als der Schaltstift 2 zurücklegt, was zu einer schnellen Kontaktgabe zwischen dem Hilfskontaktstück und dem Hilfsschaltstück 10 führt, wodurch die Vorüberschlagszeit beim Einschaltvorgang erheblich verringert wird.In this equation, s2 describes the path that the support axis 3 or the switching pin 2 travels during the rotational movement of the bush 3; this way is shown in the illustration 3. In the above equation, r denotes the length of the section of the scissor elements 19 and 20 from the respective common bearing point 23 to the outside. With n is the number of these sections featured. From the above equation it can be seen that the auxiliary switching pin covers a considerably greater distance than the switching pin 2 during the transition from the position of the switching pin 2 according to illustration 2 to that according to illustration 3, which leads to rapid contact between the auxiliary contact piece and the auxiliary contact piece 10 , which significantly reduces the pre-rollover time when switching on.

Die Darstellung 4 der Figur läßt erkennen, daß nach erfolgter Kontaktgabe zwischen dem Hilfsschaltstift 10 und dem Hilfskontaktstück die Bewegung von Schaltstift 2 und Hilfsschaltstift 10 mit derselben Geschwindigkeit unter Zurücklegung jeweils derselben Wegstrecke erfolgt, wobei der Hilfsschaltstift 10 noch weiter in das Hilfskontaktstück eindringt. Es gelangt auf diese Weise schließlich auch der Schaltstift 2 in Kontakt mit dem feststehenden Kontaktstück 24, und der Trennschalter ist geschlossen.The representation 4 of the figure shows that after contact has been made between the auxiliary switching pin 10 and the auxiliary contact piece, the movement of switching pin 2 and auxiliary switching pin 10 takes place at the same speed, covering the same distance in each case, the auxiliary switching pin 10 penetrating even further into the auxiliary contact piece. In this way, the switching pin 2 finally comes into contact with the fixed contact piece 24, and the disconnector is closed.

In umgekehrter Reinhenfolge erfolgt das Öffnen des Trennschalters, indem zunächst der Schaltstift 2 gemeinsam mit dem Hilfsschaltstift 10 aus dem feststehenden Kontaktstück 24 herausgelöst werden, wobei der Hilfsschaltstift 10 noch verhältnismäßig lange im Kontakt mit dem Hilfskontaktstück bleibt. Erst wenn im Verlaufe des Ausschaltvorganges der Schaltstift 2 eine Stellung gemäß der Darstellung 3 erreicht hat, wird durch ein Zurückdrehen der Buchse 3 das scherenartige Verbindungsglied 8 nahezu schlagartig geschlossen und dabei der Hilfsschaltstift 10 aus dem Hilfskontaktstück gerissen. In diesem Zustand hat der Schaltstift 2 aber bereits einen so großen Abstand von dem feststehenden Kontaktstück 24, daß ein Überschlag nicht mehr eintreten kann. Über einen Zustand, wie er in der Darstellung 2 wiedergegeben ist, gelangt das Schaltstück 2 schließlich auch bei der Ausschaltbewegung wieder in den Ausgangszustand, wie ihn die Darstellung 1 der Figur zeigt.In the reverse order, the disconnector is opened by first removing the switching pin 2 together with the auxiliary switching pin 10 from the fixed contact piece 24, the auxiliary switching pin 10 remaining in contact with the auxiliary contact piece for a relatively long time. Only when the switching pin 2 has reached a position according to the illustration 3 in the course of the switching-off process, by turning back the socket 3, the scissor-like connecting member 8 is closed almost suddenly and the auxiliary switching pin 10 is torn from the auxiliary contact piece. In this state, the switching pin 2 is already so far away from the fixed contact piece 24 that a rollover can no longer occur. Via a state such as that shown in illustration 2, the switching element 2 finally returns to the initial state even when it is switched off, as shown in illustration 1 of the figure.

Claims (7)

1. An isolating switch having a stationary, tubular contact piece (24) and a movable, tubular switching pin (2) which is guided in a stationary outer part (1) and which in its interior contains an auxiliary switching pin (10) which is movable relative to the switching pin (2) and can be connected to an auxiliary contact piece of the stationary contact piece (24), characterised in that a supporting shaft (3), on which is arranged at least one bushing (6), is secured to the switching pin (2) ; that one end (7) of a scissors-like connecting element (8), the other end (9) of which is secured to the auxiliary switching pin (10), is externally fixed at the periphery of the bushing (6) ; and that elements of a mechanical control device, which, when the switching pin (2) moves, causes the bushing (6) to rotate, are externally secured to the periphery of the bushing (6).
2. An isolating switch as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the supporting axis (3) and the scissors-like connecting element (8) are arranged inside the switching pin (2).
3. An isolating switch as claimed in Claim 1 or Claim 2, characterised in that the scissors-like connecting element (8) is arranged in a plane which is as right angles to a plane formed by the central axes of the auxiliary switching pin (10) and the supporting shaft (3).
4. An isolating switch as claimed in one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the elements of the control device are two stop levers (11, 12) which are arranged on the periphery of the bushing (6) so as to be offset with respect to one another, and which, when the switching pin (2) moves, interact with two attachments (13, 16) of the outer part (1). 1
5. An isolating switch as claimed in Claim 4, characterised in that the two attachments (13, 16) overlap one another over a predetermined section (15-18) in the vicinity of the supporting shaft (3) and from this section (15-18) extend respectively in an axially-parallel direction.
6. An isolating switch as claimed in one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the scissors-like connecting element includes a scissors element which is axially guided on the switching pin.
7. An isolating switch as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that a further bushing (22) is arranged on the supporting shaft (3) ; that the scissors-like connecting element (8) consists of two scissors elements (19, 20) ; and that the one scissors element (19) is externally secured to the periphery of the one bushing (6) and the other scissors element (20) is externally secured to the periphery of the further bushing (22).
EP82730079A 1981-07-10 1982-06-11 Isolating switch Expired EP0070249B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19813127967 DE3127967A1 (en) 1981-07-10 1981-07-10 DISCONNECTOR
DE3127967 1981-07-10

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0070249A2 EP0070249A2 (en) 1983-01-19
EP0070249A3 EP0070249A3 (en) 1984-04-25
EP0070249B1 true EP0070249B1 (en) 1986-04-16

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EP82730079A Expired EP0070249B1 (en) 1981-07-10 1982-06-11 Isolating switch

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US (1) US4539449A (en)
EP (1) EP0070249B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS5818823A (en)
CA (1) CA1227516A (en)
DE (2) DE3127967A1 (en)
SU (1) SU1199206A3 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2759818B1 (en) * 1997-02-20 1999-04-02 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa SWITCHING SYSTEM INCLUDING A CURRENT INJECTION SWITCH INTEGRATED WITH A GENERATOR BREAKER

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1706782A (en) * 1924-03-17 1929-03-26 Gen Electric Electric switch
US2737556A (en) * 1951-04-27 1956-03-06 Westinghouse Electric Corp Circuit interrupter
US3348001A (en) * 1965-07-26 1967-10-17 Westinghouse Electric Corp Electric distribution system
US3943314A (en) * 1974-05-14 1976-03-09 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Motion-multiplying linkage-mechanism for sealed-casing structures

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0070249A2 (en) 1983-01-19
CA1227516A (en) 1987-09-29
DE3270585D1 (en) 1986-05-22
SU1199206A3 (en) 1985-12-15
US4539449A (en) 1985-09-03
JPS5818823A (en) 1983-02-03
EP0070249A3 (en) 1984-04-25
DE3127967A1 (en) 1983-01-27

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