EP0069887A2 - Cylinder lock with tumblers arranged in pairs - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Locking cylinder a cylinder core 1 which is guided in a cylinder housing borings and which is traversed, in planes situated at right angles to the cylinder core axis, by two pin keepers 30, 31 which are situated parallel to each other and at equal distances from the parallel core diameter and which are interconnected by a crosspiece (web?) 13 against which the key 19 rests by its indentations, a suitable key moving the pairs of pine 4 into a position in which the ends of the pairs of pins do not project beyond the cylinder core casing, while if the key does not fit or has been removed the pairs of pins project by the ends of one side into recesses of the cylinder housing, while in each case two plate keepers 30, 31 or two pairs of pins are situated in one single recess of the cylinder core 1 and are adjacent to each other, and their central crosspieces 13 project beyond one side surface 33, characterized by the fact that the projecting crosspiece 13 of each plate-shaped keeper or of each pair of pins is situated inside the central intermediate space 32 of the adjacent keeper or of the pair of pins.

Description

The invention relates to a lock cylinder with a cylinder core guided in a cylinder housing bore, each passing through two pin tumblers arranged in planes arranged at right angles to the cylinder core axis, which are parallel to one another and at the same distance from the parallel core diameter and are connected to one another by a web to which the key is connected its incisions, whereby a suitable key brings the pin pairs into a position in which the ends of the pin pairs do not protrude beyond the cylinder core shell, and if the key does not match or is removed, the ends of one side of the pin pairs extend into recesses in the cylinder housing.

Such a locking cylinder is known from US Pat. No. 3,058,336. In this known locking cylinder, the two pin tumblers are in a single recess in the cylinder housing, so that in the locked position only one of the two pin tumblers is always locking. The tumbler ends are hemisphere-36 137 EU HC / Be designed so that the tumbler ends must lie far into the recesses in the cylinder housing in order to be able to have a locking effect. The H-shaped tumblers are only guided through the cylinder core in the outer areas so that they cannot withstand greater forces. A somewhat exact actuation of these poorly guided tumblers is only achieved in that the key shaft is U-shaped and actuates the tumblers with a double row of key cuts. The cylinder core consists of two halves, the assembly of which includes the tumblers and two springs per tumbler.

Individual, as well as separately located pin-shaped or pin-like spring-loaded tumblers are known from German patents 467 770; 23 20 184, Auslegeschrift 21 46 849, British Patent 422 092 and U.S. Patents 2,157,142, 2,023,207 and 2,023,208. These double, separate tumblers significantly increase the number of tumblers, making manufacture and assembly more difficult. Locks in one plane only lock sufficiently in one direction of rotation and insufficiently in the opposite, since in the opposite direction of rotation, as with plate tumblers, only edges with obtuse angles come into contact with the cylinder housing recess, so that the tumbler must enter the recess with a considerable length. to ensure safe blocking. Furthermore, elaborate keys with side grooves in the key shaft are usually required.

Furthermore, it is known from German Patent Specification 1,060,737 to arrange an intermediate part in the recess in the cylinder housing provided for a tumbler plate. This intermediate part is only intended to guide the back of the key shaft.

The object of the invention is to improve a locking cylinder of the type mentioned in such a way that a high number of locks can be achieved with a simple construction and assembly and even a small emergence of the tumblers over the cylinder core jacket leads to locking in both directions of rotation.

This object is achieved in that the recesses provided for a pin of a pair of pins in the cylinder housing are separated from the recesses for the other pin of the same pair of pins by an intermediate part of the cylinder housing which forms a section of the cylinder housing bore in such a way that the end faces of the pin ends correspond to the cylinder core jacket are chamfered to come to rest in the locked position with the edge of the pin end running through the apex of the acute angle on the side wall of the intermediate part, and that the pairs of pins are guided over their entire length in the cylinder core.

Due to the four inner sharp edges, such a pair of tumblers locks even if it emerges slightly from the cylinder core jacket. The two tumbler ends penetrate double channels of the cylinder housing and can be supported on an intermediate area between the channels with the sharp-edged corners. The assembly is very easy, since the springs only need to be inserted in the cylinder core, to then come up with the tumblers. The cylinder core and cylinder housing can be manufactured, delivered and assembled separately.

It is preferably proposed that the key channel arranged in the cylinder core on the diameter receives the shaft of a flat key, which rests centrally on the webs of the pin pairs. Usual flat keys can be used for the cylinder core. On the opposite side of the key channel, a spring may engage the web on each pin ^p aar centrally. This means that not only a single spring per pair of pins is sufficient, but no additional projection on the pair of pins is required for the spring. Rather, it is sufficient if the spring engages the web of the pair of pins, which is also actuated by the key. It is preferably proposed that the spring as a helical spring lies coaxially on the diameter of the cylinder core parallel to the pins.

A particularly wide blocking edge of the pins as well as a high stability is achieved in that the pins are rectangular in cross-section, in particular almost square, the longitudinal edges of the pins preferably being chamfered at an angle of 45 °. By chamfering the pins, great smoothness and insensitivity to imprecise channels in the cylinder core are also achieved.

A particularly space-saving design is achieved in that the web with respect to the pin ends except is in the middle. The web can be shifted towards the spring. It is also proposed that the spring be in the smaller or shorter space between the pins of a pair and the key channel in the larger or longer space.

An even more precise locking and guiding of the pins is achieved in that the pin ends are curved in accordance with the cylinder core jacket. It is also proposed that, in order to obtain different closings, the web is at different pin pairs at different distances from the tumbler ends.

A very simple manufacture of the pins is achieved in that a pair of pins is cast together with the bridge in one piece from metal. A particularly simple manufacture of the cylinder core as well as a simple mounting of the spring is created in that the cylinder core outer wall forms a web between the pins of a pair, on the inside of which the spring rests.

It is preferably proposed that parallel longitudinal strips protrude on the pins on the sides facing the other pin of a pair, the end faces of which form stops for limiting the movement of the pins. These longitudinal strips not only ensure better guidance of the pair of pins, but also ensure that the pins only protrude a certain amount beyond the outer surface of the core. Because of this construction, it is then no longer necessary to ensure that the recesses in the cylinder housing are only one have certain depth. Furthermore, the two longitudinal strips of a pair of pins can guide the spring. An additional contact surface for the spring on the double tumbler is not required if the web is reinforced in the contact area of the spring and / or the key. The web can be roof-shaped in the area facing the key in order to ensure easy actuation by the key shaft.

It is preferably proposed that the side surfaces of the pins and the web and, if appropriate, the longitudinal strips be arranged in one plane on a broad side of a double pin. This not only increases the stability of the pair of pins, but also allows the intermediate webs or intermediate walls in the cylinder core to be straight at least on one side. This leads to simpler manufacture, greater stability, better demoldability and a shorter overall length of the cylinder core.

It is preferably proposed that a pair of pins form an H-shaped plate tumbler.

A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention is achieved in that two platelet tumblers. two pairs of pins lie in a single recess of the cylinder core and adjoin one another, and that the central web of each plate-like tumbler or

Pin pair protrudes over a side surface and in the central space of the adjacent tumbler or

Pair of pins. Such a solution leads to a very short design of the locking cylinder and thus also of the cylinder core and the lock in the axial direction.

A very low-friction and therefore easy actuation of the locking devices is ensured by the key, since the areas of the locking devices that are in contact with the key and acted upon by the key can be larger than the thickness of each locking device. Furthermore, a high number of increments can be achieved. Such an embodiment can also be carried out and is advantageous if no intermediate parts are provided in the recesses of the cylinder housing provided for the tumblers. The end faces of the locking devices do not need to be beveled either.

Optimal use of the recess provided in the cylinder for the tumbler pairs is achieved in that the web has approximately twice the depth or thickness as the thickness of a plate-like tumbler or pin pair. The surface of the web that scans the key can form two inclined surfaces whose cutting line (control edge) lies approximately at the level of the boundary plane or side surfaces between the pair of plate-like tumblers or pairs of pins.

Main and secondary locking systems can be achieved in that the web has two scanning surfaces or control edges of different heights for two different key shaft profiles side by side. It is also proposed that in one of the legs of the plate-like tumblers or in one of the pins a longitudinal recess is provided on the side facing the adjacent tumbler and the adjacent tumbler has a corresponding longitudinal recess, with a helical compression spring in each of the two recesses lies. This enables a particularly space-saving arrangement of the spring acting on the tumblers. Also, each tumbler no longer needs its own spring, but a single spring is sufficient for a pair of tumblers. Each recess can be semi-cylindrical.

A secure mounting of the spring in the tumblers is achieved in that a projection of each tumbler bearing one end of the helical compression spring projects into the recess of the adjacent tumbler. It is also proposed that, in the case of a pair of tumblers, the web of one tumbler on one side, in particular the narrow side, scans the key shaft and the web of the second tumbler on the opposite side.

• Fig. 1 einen Querschnitt durch den Schließzylinder bei abgezogenem Schlüssel;
• Fig. 2 einen Querschnitt nach Fig. 1 mit eingestecktem Schlüssel;
• Fig. 3 einen Schnitt nach III-III in Fig. 2, mit nur teilweise geschnittenem Zylinderkern;
• Fig. 4 eine Untersicht unter den Zylinderkern;
• Fig. 5 eine Draufsicht auf den Zylinderkern;
• Fig. 6 eine Seitenansicht der Doppelzuhaltung in vergrößertem Maßstab;
• Fig. 7 eine Ansicht von oben auf die Doppelzuhaltung nach Fig. 6;
• Fig. 8 eine perspektivische Ansicht des Zylinderkerns mit einer Doppelzuhaltung einschließlich einer Feder, vor der Montage;
• Fig. 9 eine isometrische Darstellung eines Zuhaltungspaares und eines Schlüsselschaftes in auseinandergezogenem Zustand eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispieles mit jeweils zwei Zuhaltungen in einer Zylinderkernausnehmung:
• Fig. 10 eine Draufsicht auf den Zylinderkern des zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels; und
• Fig. 11 einen Längsschnitt durch Zylindergehäuse und teilweise durch Zylinderkern beim zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel.

Two embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings and are described in more detail below. Show it:

• 1 shows a cross section through the lock cylinder with the key removed.
• FIG. 2 shows a cross section according to FIG. 1 with the key inserted;
• 3 shows a section according to III-III in FIG. 2, with the cylinder core only partially cut;
• Fig. 4 is a bottom view under the cylinder core;
• 5 is a plan view of the cylinder core;
• 6 is a side view of the double tumbler on an enlarged scale;
• FIG. 7 is a top view of the double tumbler according to FIG. 6;
• 8 is a perspective view of the cylinder core with a double tumbler including a spring, before assembly;
• 9 shows an isometric illustration of a pair of tumblers and a key shaft in the pulled-apart state of a second exemplary embodiment, each with two tumblers in a cylinder core recess:
• 10 is a plan view of the cylinder core of the second embodiment; and
• Fig. 11 is a longitudinal section through the cylinder housing and partially through the cylinder core in the second embodiment.

The cylinder core 1 has pocket-shaped recesses 2 transverse to its axis of rotation, which are shaped in accordance with the cross section of double tumblers (pairs of pins) 3. The recesses 2 have a flat wall 2a, on which the flat back of the double tumbler 3 comes to rest. The opposite wall 2b of the recess 2 has two strip-shaped webs 2c, which extend into the double tumbler 3 to about half its thickness. Each double tumbler 3 has two mutually parallel pins 4 which are of equal length to one another and to the pins of the other double tumblers. The pins 4 lie in tendon-shaped, parallel channels of the cylinder core, which form part of the recesses 2. The channels open into the cylinder core jacket on both sides, so that the pins can emerge on both sides of the cylinder core. During the emergence, the pins 4 protrude with one of the two ends into recesses 5 of the cylinder housing, a recess 5 being provided for each end of a pin 4. The recesses are only provided in the rotational positions of the cylinder core in the cylinder housing that are intended for key removal.

Between the recesses 5 on one side there are intermediate parts 6 of the cylinder housing 7, so that in the locking position shown in Fig. 1 the inner surfaces, i.e. the surfaces 8 of the pins 4 facing the opposite pin come to rest on the side surfaces of the intermediate part 6 and act there as a block. The end faces 9 are designed obliquely, in particular arched, in accordance with the cylinder core outer wall and form an acute angle α with the face 8. Thus, the surfaces 8 and 9 form a sharp edge 10 parallel to the axis of rotation, which locks in the recess 5 with respect to the intermediate part 6 or the sharp edge 11 of the intermediate part 6 even after a slight emergence from the cylinder core.

The double tumbler 3 is cast in one piece from metal and consists of two almost square pins 4 with a rectangular cross-section, on the inside of which two longitudinal strips 12 are formed, which are connected to one another by a web 13. The parallel to the pins 4 longitudinal sides 12 are shorter than the pins and form contact surfaces on both end faces Chen to come to rest on one side on a web 14 of the cylinder core and on the other side on the intermediate part 6. The freedom of movement of the double tumblers can thus be determined very precisely. The longitudinal strips 12 guide a helical compression spring which rests on the web 13 and rests with its opposite end on the web 14 of the cylinder core. On the side of the web 13 opposite the spring, the web 13 can be moved through the shaft of a flat key. For this purpose, the web 13 has roof-shaped surfaces 14 on the side facing the key, which correspond to the key incisions.

With regard to the pin ends, the web 13 is eccentric, namely displaced towards the spring 15. This gives the key channel more space than the spring, which requires little space.

. The longitudinal edges of the pins 4, which are approximately square in cross section, are chamfered or chamfered at 45 ° in order to ensure that the double tumblers slide safely. In the direction of the longitudinal axis, the web 13 has an insignificantly smaller width than the pins 4 in order to provide a bearing surface for the spring and also sufficiently large surfaces 14 for the key. The longitudinal strips 12, however, are made less wide.

In the second exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 9 to 11, the lock differs from the first exemplary embodiment in that two in particular plate-like tumblers 30, 31 are arranged in a single recess 2 of the cylinder core 1. That the cylinder Core 1 surrounding cylinder housing 7 thus also has common recesses for the tumbler pair, an intermediate part 6 being provided in the cylinder housing recesses.

The H-shaped tumblers have a web 13 connecting the pins or legs of the tumbler, the width B of the web being measured transversely to the longitudinal direction of the tumbler and / or the pins or legs, approximately equal to the width or slightly less than the width of the gap, distance or space 32 between the pins or legs. Both webs 13 of a pair of tumblers have a thickness D which is approximately twice as large as the thickness of a tumbler, the region of the web 13 which protrudes beyond the side surface 33 of a tumbler projecting into the space 32 of the adjacent tumbler and being guided there is. The two plate tumblers 30 and 31 are arranged so that the web 13 of one tumbler is located near one end of the tumbler and the web of the other tumbler on the opposite side.

Because of their greater width than the width of a tumbler, the webs 13 of the tumblers therefore have a region which is twice as large for forming control edges 34 and contact surfaces 35 for the key profiles. Since, in the exemplary embodiment, the flat key in the area of the shaft has two key profiles each with differently graduated heights for the control edges of the webs arranged at different heights, the webs of each tumbler also have two different control edges and associated contact surfaces. The control edges and contact surfaces are one Tumbler of a pair on a first narrow side of the key shaft, and the control edges and contact surfaces of the other tumbler of the same pair on the opposite narrow side of the key shaft.

A spring is not provided for the two tumblers of a pair lying in a single cylinder core recess, which press the control edges and contact surfaces towards the key profile, but rather the tumblers of a pair are acted upon by a single helical compression spring 34. For this purpose, the two tumblers in the side surfaces 33, with which they abut one another, have a longitudinal recess 35 in one of the pins or legs, each of the longitudinal recesses being semi-cylindrical, so that the two longitudinal recesses of both tumblers of a pair together form a cylindrical space in which the helical compression spring 34 is inserted. On opposite ends, the recesses 35 each form a projection 36 which projects beyond the side surface 33 and extends into the recess of the adjacent tumbler, as a result of which the ends of the helical compression spring 34 are securely mounted.

Claims (26)

1.Locking cylinder with a cylinder core guided in a cylinder housing bore, which pass through two pin tumblers in planes arranged at right angles to the cylinder core axis, which are parallel to one another and at the same distance from the parallel core diameter and are connected to one another by a web on which the key with its notches lies , wherein a suitable key brings the pin pairs into a position in which the ends of the pin pairs do not protrude beyond the cylinder core shell, and if the key does not fit or is removed, the ends of one side of the pin pairs extend into recesses in the cylinder housing, characterized in that the for a pin (4) of a pair of pins (3) provided recesses (5) in the cylinder housing (7) of the recesses (5) for the other pin (4) of the same pair of pins (3) through an intermediate part (16) of the cylinder housing (7) are separated, which forms a portion of the cylinder housing bore (16) t that the end faces (9) of the pin ends are beveled in accordance with the cylinder core jacket in order to in the locked position with the through the apex of the acute angle (CL) Edge (10) of the pin end to come to rest on the side wall (17) of the intermediate part, and that the pin pairs (3) are guided over their entire length in the cylinder core (11). 2. Lock cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that the arranged in the cylinder core (1) on the diameter key channel (18) receives the shaft of a flat key (19) which rests against the webs (13) of the pin pairs (3) in the center. 3. Lock cylinder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that on the opposite side of the key channel (18) on each pin pair (3) engages a spring (15) centrally on the web (13). 4. Lock cylinder according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the spring (15) is coaxial as a coil spring on the parallel to the pins (4) parallel diameter of the cylinder core (1). 5. Lock cylinder according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the pins (4) are rectangular in cross section, in particular almost square, preferably the longitudinal edges of the pins are chamfered at an angle of 45 °. 6. Lock cylinder according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the web (13) is off-center with respect to the pin ends. 7. Lock cylinder according to claim 6, characterized in that the web (13) is displaced towards the spring (15). 8. Lock cylinder according to claim 6 or 7,. characterized in that the spring (15) lies in the smaller or shorter space between the pins (14) of a pair and in the larger or longer space the key channel (18). 9. Lock cylinder according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the pin ends are curved in accordance with the cylinder core jacket. 10. Lock cylinder according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that in order to obtain different closures, the web (13) at different pin pairs (3) lies at different distances from the tumbler ends. 11. Lock cylinder according to one of claims 1 to 1 ₀ , characterized in that a pin (3) together with the web (13) is cast in one piece from metal. 12. Lock cylinder according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the outer wall of the cylinder core forms a web (14) between the pins (4) of a pair (3), on the inside of which the spring (15) rests. 13. Lock cylinder according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that on the pins (4) on the other pin (4) of a pair (3) facing sides project parallel parallel bars (12), the end faces of stops to limit the movement form the pins (4). 14. Lock cylinder according to claim 13, characterized in that the two longitudinal strips (12) of a pair of pins (3) guide the spring (15). 15. Lock cylinder according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the web (13) in the contact area of the spring (15) and / or the key (19) is reinforced. 16. Lock cylinder according to claim 15, characterized in that the web (13) is roof-shaped in the area facing the key (19). 17. Lock cylinder according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that on a broad side of a double pin (3) the side surfaces of the pins (4) and the web (13) and optionally the longitudinal sides (12) are arranged in one plane (20) are. 18. Lock cylinder according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that a pair of pins (4) form an H-shaped plate tumbler. 19. Lock cylinder according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that two plate tumblers (30, 31) or two pairs of pins in a single recess (2) of the cylinder core (1) and adjoin each other, and that the central web (13th ) each plate-like tumbler or pair of pins protrudes over a side surface (33) and lies in the central space (32) of the adjacent tumbler or pair of pins. 20. Lock cylinder according to claim 19, characterized in that the web (13) has approximately twice the depth or thickness (D) as the thickness of a plate-like tumbler (30, 31) or pair of pins. 21. Lock cylinder according to claim 20, characterized in that the key (19) scanning surface of the web (13) forms two inclined surfaces (35) whose cutting line (control edge) (34) approximately at the level of the boundary plane or side surface (33) between the pair of plate-shaped tumblers or pin pairs. 22. Lock cylinder according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that the web (13) has two scanning surfaces or control edges (34) of different heights for two different key shaft profiles (37, 38) side by side. 23. Lock cylinder according to one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that in one of the legs of the plate-like tumblers (30) or in one of the pins (4) a longitudinal recess (35) is provided on the side of the adjacent tumbler (31) and the adjacent tumbler (31) has a corresponding longitudinal extension (35), with a helical compression spring (34) lying halfway in each of the two recesses. 24. Lock cylinder according to claim 23, characterized in that each recess (35) is semi-cylindrical. 25. Lock cylinder according to claim 23 or 24, characterized in that an end of the helical compression spring (34) bearing projection (36) of each tumbler protrudes into the recess (35) of the adjacent tumbler. 26. Locking cylinder according to one of claims 18 to 25, characterized in that in a pair of tumblers (30, 31) the web (13) of the one tumbler on one side, in particular narrow side, scans the key shaft and the web (13) of the second tumbler on the opposite side.

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