EP0066118A1 - Method of preventing solidification of molten metal in the outlet of a casting vessel and casting apparatus for molten metals for carrying out the method - Google Patents

Method of preventing solidification of molten metal in the outlet of a casting vessel and casting apparatus for molten metals for carrying out the method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0066118A1
EP0066118A1 EP82104015A EP82104015A EP0066118A1 EP 0066118 A1 EP0066118 A1 EP 0066118A1 EP 82104015 A EP82104015 A EP 82104015A EP 82104015 A EP82104015 A EP 82104015A EP 0066118 A1 EP0066118 A1 EP 0066118A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
casting
slide part
movable slide
outlet channel
closed position
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Granted
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EP82104015A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0066118B1 (en
Inventor
Bernhard Tinnes
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Metacon AG
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Metacon AG
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Priority to AT82104015T priority Critical patent/ATE11018T1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/14—Closures
    • B22D41/22—Closures sliding-gate type, i.e. having a fixed plate and a movable plate in sliding contact with each other for selective registry of their openings
    • B22D41/38—Means for operating the sliding gate

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a casting device for metallic melts according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the outlet channel is filled with a non-metallic filler or with a metal with a low melting point when the vessel is empty.
  • gas e.g. an inert gas. Openings for the entry of gas into the outlet channel are provided either directly in the perforated brick or in the perforated stone sleeve, in the fixed base plate of the slide or in the movable slide plate itself, in the latter case the gas inlet opening only in the closed slide position with the outlet channel in Connection is established.
  • the aim is to circulate the melt located in the outlet channel in order to mix colder melt with warmer melt and thereby prevent or delay its solidification.
  • the blowing in of air or other non-inert gases and nitrogen is generally forbidden for metallurgical reasons and therefore more expensive, inert gas must be used. Gas blowing not only results in increased operating costs, but the melt is also cooled by the cold gas entering. There is also the risk that, due to active heat removal by the gas flow, both from the melt in the outlet channel and from the refractory material delimiting this outlet channel if heat is insufficiently supplied from the casting vessel, e.g. a sudden freeze occurs due to insufficient circulation.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a device with which the freezing of the outlet channel, both before the start and during operational interruptions in the casting process, can be avoided reliably and without significant increase in operating costs.
  • the object is achieved in that the movable slide part is driven oscillating in the closed position transversely to the outlet channel.
  • the solution according to the invention therefore does not aim to bring about an exchange of colder for warmer melt in the outlet channel by circulating the same. Rather, this solution is the He is based on the knowledge that the solidification of a melt layer resting on a flat surface can be delayed if the boundary surface is subjected to a back and forth movement in the plane.
  • the invention prevents the formation of a coherent solidification front in the melt layers close to the wall immediately above the movable slide part in the pouring spout. This is done by introducing shear loads into the melt parallel to the main solidification front by means of the oscillating movement of the movable slide part. Forces are apparently also transferred into the zones of the outlet channel near the wall, which are at a certain distance from the movable slide part. In any case, the solution according to the invention succeeds in stopping the freezing even at temperatures which are only slightly above the liquidus temperature.
  • the oscillation drive is also provided for positions other than the closed position of the movable slide part.
  • the oscillation drive can also be provided for the fully open position or, in the case of a control slide, also for intermediate positions between the open and the closed position. If the oscillation drive is superimposed on the actuator either directly or in relation to the corresponding signals, the oscillation drive can be in continuous operation.
  • the casting device comprises a program control for periodically opening and closing movements of the movable slide part.
  • the program control determines the frequency, the size of the movement and the dwell time in the respective open position.
  • the program control is preferably designed to be adjustable in relation to the aforementioned variables.
  • the program control can form part of a control device, the program control being able to be operated either only in the closed position or, if need be, also in a partially open position of the movable slide part.
  • 2 generally designates a schematically illustrated casting vessel (distributor) which has a perforated brick 6 inserted in its base 4.
  • the perforated brick 6 delimits an upper part of an outlet channel 8, which continues downward in the base plate 12 of a conventional slide closure, generally designated 10.
  • the slide closure 10, which is also only shown schematically, comprises a plate-shaped, movable slide part 14 and a plate-shaped pouring part 16 rigidly connected to the base plate 12.
  • the pouring part 16 has a pouring opening 18 aligned with the outlet channel 8, while the slide part 14 has a passage Owns 20.
  • the slide part 14, which is clamped between the base plate 12 and the pouring part 16 but can be displaced transversely to the outlet channel 8, is by means of an actuating device generally designated 22 between an open position in which the passage 20 is also aligned with the outlet channel 8 and the closed one, in the drawing (Fig. 1 and 2) shown movable position, in which the latter the connection between the outlet channel 8 and the pouring opening 18 is interrupted.
  • the actuating device 22 comprises a cylinder-piston unit 24 which is operatively connected to the slide part 14 and which is connected to a servo control block 26 via corresponding lines for a liquid medium.
  • the servo control block 26 controls the cylinder-piston unit 24 in a known manner and is connected to a pump 28 and a liquid tank 30 as shown.
  • a schematically illustrated control device 32 acts on the servo control block 26, which can either be operated by hand or switched on in a control circuit, not shown.
  • the control device 32 allows the servo control block 26 to be actuated to generate the actuating movements of the slide part 14.
  • an oscillator 34 is provided in accordance with the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, which is connected to a vibrator 36 and causes this to generate oscillating movements of predetermined frequency and amplitude.
  • the vibrator 36 is connected between parts 38 and 40 of a piston rod which connects the cylinder-piston unit 24 to the movable slide part 14.
  • an arm 42 is rigidly attached to the part 38 of the piston rod, which in the closed position is connected to a position transmitter 44, e.g. interacts in the form of a proximity switch (reedswitch).
  • the position transmitter 44 connected to the oscillator 34 switches the former on before the movable slide part 14 has reached the closed position, e.g. as long as there is still a short covering between the outlet channel 8, the passage 20 and the pouring opening 18.
  • the vibrator 36 is thus also switched on before the movable slide part has reached the closed position. On the other hand, the vibrator 36 comes to rest only when the movable slide part
  • the oscillator 34 can be adjustable in order to change the extent (stroke) and / or the time course of the oscillation movement on the movable slide part 14.
  • strokes of the order of a few millimeters, e.g. 3 mm are suitable, frequencies of 1 to 2 strokes per second have proven to be sufficient.
  • other temporal courses can also be considered.
  • the exemplary embodiment of the casting device shown in FIG. 2 is designed for use in a continuous casting plant.
  • the control device 33 connected to the servo control block 26 has an input 52 for signals from a measuring device, not shown, which is attached to the mold and measures the fill level in the same.
  • a program control 48 which acts on the control device in predetermined states, is also connected to the control device 33.
  • the control device 33 is connected to the oscillator 34, which in turn is directly connected to the servo control block 26. Via the control device, the program controller 48 puts the oscillator 34 into operation when the former allows the slide lock to move into the closed position. In this case, the oscillator 34 acts on the control signal superimposed by the control device 32 is produced.
  • the oscillation movement is thus generated by the cylinder piston unit 24 which generates the actuating movements.
  • the program control also initiates control signals which intervene in the regulation and cause the movable slide part 14 to move up and down via the servo control block 26 and the cylinder-piston unit 24.
  • a casting device according to FIG. 2 was used in a continuous casting plant.
  • the outlet channel 8 had a diameter of 45 mm.
  • a low-alloy structural steel with a content of 0.04-0.05% of metallic aluminum and a temperature which was on average 20 ° C. above the liquidus temperature was poured out of the casting vessel or distributor 2.
  • the slide part 14 brought into the closed position was controlled by the oscillator 34 and driven in an oscillating manner. Two complete oscillations per second are carried out, each consisting of a stroke of 3 mm in the opening direction and an equally long stroke in the closing direction.
  • the passage 20 remained completely covered by the base plate 12.
  • the casting operation could be restarted regularly after interruptions lasting 2 minutes.
  • the movable slide part could be moved into an open position without difficulty and the melt emerges from the pouring opening 18 without delay.
  • the program control was switched on during the interruptions in the casting process.
  • the program control caused the oscillation movements to be interrupted every 30 seconds by moving the movable slide part up and down.
  • the stroke length was set so that the movable slide part in the one end position on the outlet channel released a gap of 3 to 5 mm in width, the dwell time in this position being 1 second.
  • the melt flowing out during the upward movement reached the mold and could be taken up for 3 minutes without exceeding the volume reserve present in it or due to contraction of the strand.
  • the resumption of the casting operation after this interruption period was problem-free and there were no signs of the outlet channel freezing.

Abstract

For a slide closure 10 attached to a pouring vessel 2 which has a movable slide part 14 disposed between a bottom plate 12 and a discharge part 16, there is, in addition to a cylinder piston unit 24 acting on the slide part, which unit is dominant by way of a servocontrol block 26 by regulating arrangement 32, a vibrator 36 which is controlled by an oscillator 34. The vibrator 36 is switched into the connection between the cylinder-piston unit 24 and the movable slide part 14, and is in a position to oscillatingly drive the latter both in its closing position as well as in other positions and, indeed, in the same direction as the cylinder piston unit. A position generator 44 starts the oscillator 34 forcibly in the closed position.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Giesseinrichtung für metallische Schmelzen nach dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1.The invention relates to a casting device for metallic melts according to the preamble of claim 1.

Bei den Schieberverschlüssen von Giesspfannen und Zwischengefässen für das Abgiessen von metallischen Schmelzen bemüht man sich schon seit längerer Zeit, der Gefahr des Erstarrens von Schmelze im Auslaufkanal bzw. des Einfrierens des Schieberverschlusses zu begegnen. Dabei sind schon Massnahmen bekannt geworden, die darauf abzielen, das Eindringen von Schmelze in den Auslaufkanal vor dem Giessen zu verhindern. Hierzu wird der Auslaufkanal bei leerem Gefäss entweder mit einer nichtmetallischen Füllmasse oder mit einem Metall mit niedrigem Schmelzpunkt gefüllt.In the slide closures of ladles and intermediate vessels for the pouring of metallic melts, efforts have been made for a long time to counter the risk of the melt solidifying in the outlet channel or freezing the slide closure. Measures have already become known which aim to prevent the melt from penetrating into the outlet channel before casting. For this purpose, the outlet channel is filled with a non-metallic filler or with a metal with a low melting point when the vessel is empty.

Abgesehen vom arbeitsmässigen Aufwand, den diese bekannten Massnahmen darstellen, sind sie nur so lange wirksam, als das Giessen noch nicht begonnen hat. Es ist auch nicht zu verhindern, dass die Füllmasse oder das Füllmetall z.B. in die Kokille gelangen und sich dort störend auswirken.Apart from the work involved in these known measures, they are only effective as long as the casting has not started. It also cannot be prevented that the filling compound or the filling metal e.g. get into the mold and have a disruptive effect there.

Um nicht nur vor dem Abstich sondern auch während Giess- bzw. Betriebsunterbrüchen kürzerer Dauer das Einfrieren des Auslaufkanales eines mit einem Schieberverschluss ausgestatteten Giessgefässes vermeiden zu können, ist es ebenfalls bekannt, in den Auslaufkanal im geschlossenen Zustand des Schiebers Gas, z.B. ein Inertgas, einzublasen. Oeffnungen für den Eintritt von Gas in den Auslaufkanal sind dabei entweder unmittelbar im Lochstein bzw. in der Lochsteinhülse, in der feststehenden Bodenplatte des Schiebers oder in der beweglichen Schieberplatte selbst vorgesehen, wobei im letzteren Fall die Gaseintrittsöffnung nur in der geschlossenen Schieberstellung mit dem Auslaufkanal in Verbindung steht.In order to avoid freezing of the outlet channel of a casting vessel equipped with a slide closure not only before tapping but also during pouring or operational interruptions of shorter duration, it is also known to gas, e.g. an inert gas. Openings for the entry of gas into the outlet channel are provided either directly in the perforated brick or in the perforated stone sleeve, in the fixed base plate of the slide or in the movable slide plate itself, in the latter case the gas inlet opening only in the closed slide position with the outlet channel in Connection is established.

Durch das Einblasen von Gas wird angestrebt, die im Auslaufkanal befindliche Schmelze umzuwälzen, um kältere Schmelze mit wärmerer Schmelze zu vermischen, und dadurch deren Erstarrung zu verhindern oder zu verzögern. In der Regel verbietet sich das Einblasen von Luft oder anderen nicht inerten Gasen sowie Stickstoff aus metallurgischen Gründen und es muss deshalb teureres, inertes Gas verwendet werden. Durch das Gaseinblasen ergeben sich somit nicht nur erhöhte Betriebskosten sondern die Schmelze wird durch das eintretende kalte Gas auch abgekühlt. Es besteht zudem die Gefahr, dass infolge aktiven Wärmeentzuges durch die Gasströmung, und zwar sowohl aus der im Auslaufkanal befindlichen Schmelze wie auch aus dem diesen Auslaufkanal begrenzenden Feuerfestmaterial bei ungenügender Zufuhr von Wärme aus dem Giessgefäss, z.B. infolge ungenügender Umwälzung ein plötzliches Einfrieren stattfindet.By blowing in gas, the aim is to circulate the melt located in the outlet channel in order to mix colder melt with warmer melt and thereby prevent or delay its solidification. The blowing in of air or other non-inert gases and nitrogen is generally forbidden for metallurgical reasons and therefore more expensive, inert gas must be used. Gas blowing not only results in increased operating costs, but the melt is also cooled by the cold gas entering. There is also the risk that, due to active heat removal by the gas flow, both from the melt in the outlet channel and from the refractory material delimiting this outlet channel if heat is insufficiently supplied from the casting vessel, e.g. a sudden freeze occurs due to insufficient circulation.

Die Tatsache, dass der Gaseintritt in den Auslaufkanal Oeffnungen oder Poren in diesen begrenzenden feuerfesten Teilen voraussetzt, zwingt im Betrieb dazu, in jedem Zeitpunkt mit einem höheren Gasdruck zu arbeiten als der ferrostatische Druck im Auslaufkanal ist. Dieser ferrostatische Druck ändert aber mit dem Füllstand beträchtlich, so dass sich die Wirkung des Gaseinblasens je nach der Höhe dieses Füllstandes in unzulässigem Ausmass ändert. Ist andererseits der Druck des Gases nicht ausreichend, so besteht die Gefahr eines Verstopfens der Oeffnungen oder Poren für die Zuführung des Gases. Die entsprechenden Teile müssen dann ersetzt werden, bevor sie aus Verschleissgründen gewechselt werden müssten. In den Betriebskosten, die schon durch den Verbrauch an Inertgas belastet sind, wirkt sich dies infolge der für das Gaseinblasen aufwendigeren Teile besonders ungünstig aus.The fact that the gas entry into the outlet channel presupposes openings or pores in these delimiting refractory parts makes it necessary to work with a higher gas pressure at all times than the ferrostatic pressure in the outlet channel. However, this ferrostatic pressure changes considerably with the level, so that the effect of gas injection changes to an unacceptable extent depending on the level of this level. On the other hand, if the pressure of the gas is not sufficient, there is a risk of the openings or pores being blocked for the supply of the gas. The corresponding parts must then be replaced before they have to be replaced for reasons of wear. In the operating costs, which are already burdened by the consumption of inert gas, this has a particularly unfavorable effect as a result of the parts which are more complex for gas injection.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es nun, eine Einrichtung zu schaffen, mit welcher das Einfrieren des Auslaufkanales, sowohl vor Beginn als auch während betriebsbedingten Unterbrüchen des Giessvorganges zuverlässig und ohne ins Gewicht fallende Vergrösserung der Betriebskosten vermieden werden kann.The object of the invention is to provide a device with which the freezing of the outlet channel, both before the start and during operational interruptions in the casting process, can be avoided reliably and without significant increase in operating costs.

Erfindungsgemäss wird die gestellte Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass der bewegliche Schieberteil in der Schliessstellung quer zum Auslaufkanal oszillierend angetrieben ist.According to the invention, the object is achieved in that the movable slide part is driven oscillating in the closed position transversely to the outlet channel.

Die erfindungsgemässe Lösung zielt somit nicht darauf ab, einen Austausch von kälterer gegen wärmere Schmelze im Auslaufkanal durch ein Umwälzen derselben herbeizuführen. Vielmehr liegt dieser Lösung die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass die Erstarrung einer auf einer ebenen Fläche ruhenden Schmelzenschicht verzögert werden kann, wenn die Begrenzungsfläche einer Hin- und Herbewegung in der Ebene unterworfen wird.The solution according to the invention therefore does not aim to bring about an exchange of colder for warmer melt in the outlet channel by circulating the same. Rather, this solution is the He is based on the knowledge that the solidification of a melt layer resting on a flat surface can be delayed if the boundary surface is subjected to a back and forth movement in the plane.

Mit der Erfindung wird die Bildung einer zusammenhängenden Erstarrungsfront in den wandnahen Schmelzenschichten unmittelbar oberhalb des beweglichen Schieberteiles im Ausgusskanal verhindert. Dies geschieht dadurch, dass vermittels der Oszillationsbewegung des beweglichen Schieberteiles Schubbeanspruchungen parallel zur Haupterstarrungsfront in die Schmelze eingeleitet werden. Dabei übertragen sich Kräfte offenbar auch in die wandnahen Zonen des Auslaufkanales, die in einem gewissen Abstand vom beweglichen Schieberteil liegen. Jedenfalls gelingt es, mit der erfindungsgemässen Lösung, das Einfrieren selbst noch bei Temperaturen aufzuhalten, die nur wenig über der Liquidus-Temperatur liegen.The invention prevents the formation of a coherent solidification front in the melt layers close to the wall immediately above the movable slide part in the pouring spout. This is done by introducing shear loads into the melt parallel to the main solidification front by means of the oscillating movement of the movable slide part. Forces are apparently also transferred into the zones of the outlet channel near the wall, which are at a certain distance from the movable slide part. In any case, the solution according to the invention succeeds in stopping the freezing even at temperatures which are only slightly above the liquidus temperature.

Es hat sich gezeigt, dass der aus der Oszillation des beweglichen Schieberteiles herrührende Reibungsverschleiss der feuerfesten Schieberteile unerwartet bescheiden ist. Aber auch der Reibungsverschleiss insgesamt ist höchstens geringfügig grösser als bei konventionellem Betrieb des Schieberverschlusses. Diese Tatsache kann damit erklärt werden, dass infolge der Oszillation des beweglichen Schieberteiles der Reibungskoeffizient der Ruhe nicht auftritt und immer derjenige der Bewegung aufrechterhalten bleibt. Für Stellbewegungen des beweglichen Schieberteiles, die während der Oszillation eingeleitet werden, werden deshalb auch messbar kleinere Stellkräfte benötigt.It has been shown that the frictional wear of the refractory slide parts resulting from the oscillation of the movable slide part is unexpectedly modest. However, the overall frictional wear is at most slightly greater than when the slide lock is operated conventionally. This fact can be explained by the fact that due to the oscillation of the movable slide part, the coefficient of friction of the rest does not occur and that of the movement is always maintained. Measurably smaller actuating forces are therefore required for actuating movements of the movable slide part which are initiated during the oscillation.

Gemäss einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Giesseinrichtung ist der Oszillationsantrieb auch für andere Stellungen als die Schliessstellung des beweglichen Schieberteiles vorgesehen. So kann beispielsweise der Oszillationsantrieb auch für die voll geöffnete Stellung oder bei einem Regelschieber zusätzlich für Zwischenstellungen zwischen der offenen und der geschlossenen Stellung vorgesehen sein. Wird der Oszillationsantrieb dem Stellantrieb entweder direkt oder in bezug auf die entsprechenden Signale überlagert, so kann der Oszillationsantrieb ununterbrochen wirksam sein.According to an advantageous development of the casting device, the oscillation drive is also provided for positions other than the closed position of the movable slide part. For example, the oscillation drive can also be provided for the fully open position or, in the case of a control slide, also for intermediate positions between the open and the closed position. If the oscillation drive is superimposed on the actuator either directly or in relation to the corresponding signals, the oscillation drive can be in continuous operation.

Gemäss einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung umfasst die erfindungsgemässe Giesseinrichtung eine Programmsteuerung für periodisch durchzuführende Auf-Zubewegungen des beweglichen Schieberteiles. Die Programmsteuerung bestimmt dabei die Frequenz, die Grösse der Bewegung sowie die Verweilzeit in der jeweiligen geöffneten Stellung. Vorzugsweise ist die Programmsteuerung in bezug auf die vorgenannten Grössen einstellbar ausgebildet. Die Programmsteuerung kann Teil einer Regeleinrichtung bilden, wobei die Programmsteuerung entweder nur in der geschlossenen Stellung oder allenfalls auch in einer teilweise geöffneten Stellung des beweglichen Schieberteiles in Betrieb gesetzt werden kann.According to an advantageous development, the casting device according to the invention comprises a program control for periodically opening and closing movements of the movable slide part. The program control determines the frequency, the size of the movement and the dwell time in the respective open position. The program control is preferably designed to be adjustable in relation to the aforementioned variables. The program control can form part of a control device, the program control being able to be operated either only in the closed position or, if need be, also in a partially open position of the movable slide part.

Erfolgen solche Auf-Zubewegungen aus der geschlossenen Stellung heraus, so gestatten sie, wärmere Schmelze aus dem Giessgefäss in den Auslaufkanal nachfliessen zu lassen, währenddem kältere Schmelze aus dem Auslaufkanal austritt. Hierdurch wird es möglich, das Einfrieren auch bei länger dauernden Giessunterbrüchen gänzlich zu vermeiden. Da die Freigabe eines sehr kleinen Oeffnungs- bzw. Kanalquerschnittes während einer sehr kurzen Zeit genügt, kann die dabei jeweils in geringer Menge ausfliessende Schmelze ohne Probleme absorbiert oder mit geringem zusätzlichen Aufwand aufgefangen werden.If such open and closed movements occur from the closed position, they allow warmer melt to flow from the casting vessel into the outlet channel, while colder melt emerges from the outlet channel. This makes it possible to completely avoid freezing even in the case of prolonged interruptions in pouring. Because the release of a very small opening or channel cross If the cut is sufficient for a very short time, the melt flowing out in small quantities can be absorbed without problems or can be collected with little additional effort.

Die Durchführung der Auf-Zubewegungen aus einer gedrosselten Schieberstellung heraus ist dann vorteilhaft, wenn aus dem Giessgefäss z.B. aluminiumberuhigter Stahl abgegossen wird. In diesem Fall empfiehlt es sich, den Hub so zu wählen, dass die bewegliche Schieberplatte am Ende der Auf-Bewegung die voll geöffnete Stellung erreicht. Hierdurch wird der Strömungsweg der Schmelze durch den Schieber begradigt. Die Oxydablagerungen, welche sich im gedrosselten Zustand bevorzugt in den strömungstoten Zonen gebildet haben, werden ausgewaschen. Da der Schieberverschluss nur kurzzeitig in der offenen Stellung verbleiben muss, um die Ablagerungen zu entfernen, an die während dieser Zeit fliessende Schmelzenmenge durch Beeinflussung der Durchflussverhältnisse vor oder nach der Auf-Zubewegung kompensiert werden. Jedenfalls gestattet die erfindungsgemässe Giesseinrichtung das Zusetzen des Auslaufkanales durch die bei aluminiumberuhigtem Stahl nicht zu vermeidenden Oxydablagerungen zu verhindern. In der Zeichnung sind zwei beispielsweise Ausführungsformen einer Giesseinrichtung dargestellt, anhand welcher die Erfindung näher erläutert wird. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1, eine erste Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemässen Giesseinrichtung,
  • Fig. 2, die erfindungsgemässe Giesseinrichtung in einer zweiten Ausführungsform.
Carrying out the open and closed movements from a throttled slide position is advantageous if, for example, aluminum-calmed steel is poured from the casting vessel. In this case it is advisable to select the stroke so that the movable slide plate reaches the fully open position at the end of the open movement. This straightens the flow path of the melt through the slide. The oxide deposits, which in the throttled state have preferably formed in the current-free zones, are washed out. Since the slide closure only has to remain in the open position for a short time in order to remove the deposits, to which the amount of melt flowing during this time is compensated by influencing the flow conditions before or after the opening / closing movement. In any case, the casting device according to the invention allows the outlet channel to be prevented from being clogged by the oxide deposits which cannot be avoided in the case of aluminum-calmed steel. The drawing shows two exemplary embodiments of a casting device, on the basis of which the invention is explained in more detail. Show it:
  • 1, a first embodiment of a casting device according to the invention,
  • F ig. 2, the casting device according to the invention in a second embodiment.

In der Zeichnung ist mit 2 allgemein ein schematisch dargestelltes Giessgefäss (Verteiler) bezeichnet, das einen in seinem Boden 4 eingesetzten Lochstein 6 aufweist. Der Lochstein 6 begrenzt einen oberen Teil eines Auslaufkanales 8, der sich nach unten in der Bodenplatte 12 eines allgemein mit 10 bezeichneten, konventionellen Schieberverschlusses fortsetzt. Der Schieberverschluss 10, der ebenfalls nur schematisch dargestellt ist, umfasst einen plattenförmigen, beweglichen Schieberteil 14 sowie einen mit der Bodenplatte 12 starr verbundenen plattenförmigen Ausgussteil 16. Der Ausgussteil 16 weist eine mit dem Auslaufkanal 8 fluchtende Ausgussöffnung 18 auf, während der Schieberteil 14 einen Durchlass 20 besitzt.In the drawing, 2 generally designates a schematically illustrated casting vessel (distributor) which has a perforated brick 6 inserted in its base 4. The perforated brick 6 delimits an upper part of an outlet channel 8, which continues downward in the base plate 12 of a conventional slide closure, generally designated 10. The slide closure 10, which is also only shown schematically, comprises a plate-shaped, movable slide part 14 and a plate-shaped pouring part 16 rigidly connected to the base plate 12. The pouring part 16 has a pouring opening 18 aligned with the outlet channel 8, while the slide part 14 has a passage Owns 20.

Der zwischen Bodenplatte 12 und Ausgussteil 16 dichtend eingespannte, jedoch quer zum Auslaufkanal 8 verschiebbare Schieberteil 14 ist vermittels einer allgemein mit 22 bezeichneten Betätigungsvorrichtung zwischen einer offenen Stellung, in welcher auch der Durchlass 20 mit dem Auslaufkanal 8 fluchtet, und der geschlossenen, in der Zeichnung (Fig. 1 und 2) dargestellten Stellung beweglich, in welch letzterer die Verbindung zwischen dem Auslaufkanal 8 und der Ausgussöffnung 18 unterbrochen ist.The slide part 14, which is clamped between the base plate 12 and the pouring part 16 but can be displaced transversely to the outlet channel 8, is by means of an actuating device generally designated 22 between an open position in which the passage 20 is also aligned with the outlet channel 8 and the closed one, in the drawing (Fig. 1 and 2) shown movable position, in which the latter the connection between the outlet channel 8 and the pouring opening 18 is interrupted.

Die Betätigungsvorrichtung 22 umfasst eine mit dem Schieberteil 14 in Wirkungsverbindung stehende Zylinder-Kolbeneinheit 24, die über entsprechende Leitungen für ein flüssiges Medium mit einem Servo-Steuerblock 26 in Verbindung steht. Der Servo-Steuerblock 26 beherrscht in bekannter Weise die Zylinder-Kolbeneinheit 24 und steht wie dargestellt mit einer Pumpe 28 und einem Flüssigkeitstank 30 in Verbindung.The actuating device 22 comprises a cylinder-piston unit 24 which is operatively connected to the slide part 14 and which is connected to a servo control block 26 via corresponding lines for a liquid medium. The servo control block 26 controls the cylinder-piston unit 24 in a known manner and is connected to a pump 28 and a liquid tank 30 as shown.

Auf den Servo-Steuerblock 26 wirkt andererseits eine schematisch dargestellte Regeleinrichtung 32 ein, die entweder von Hand betätigbar oder in einem nicht dargestellten Steuerkreis eingeschaltet ist. Die Regeleinrichtung 32 gestattet, den Servo-Steuerblock 26 zur Erzeugung der Stellbewegungen des Schieberteiles 14 zu betätigen.On the other hand, a schematically illustrated control device 32 acts on the servo control block 26, which can either be operated by hand or switched on in a control circuit, not shown. The control device 32 allows the servo control block 26 to be actuated to generate the actuating movements of the slide part 14.

Um den erfindungsgemäss vorgesehenen oszillierenden Antrieb des beweglichen Schieberteiles 14 zu ermöglichen, ist gemäss dem in Fig. 1 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ein Oszillator 34 vorgesehen, der mit einem Vibrator 36 in Verbindung steht und diesen zur Erzeugung von Oszillationsbewegungen vorbestimmter Frequenz und Amplitude veranlasst. Der Vibrator 36 ist zwischen Teile 38 und 40 einer Kolbenstange eingeschaltet, die die Zylinder-Kolbeneinheit 24 mit dem beweglichen Schieberteil 14 verbindet.In order to enable the oscillating drive of the movable slide part 14 provided according to the invention, an oscillator 34 is provided in accordance with the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, which is connected to a vibrator 36 and causes this to generate oscillating movements of predetermined frequency and amplitude. The vibrator 36 is connected between parts 38 and 40 of a piston rod which connects the cylinder-piston unit 24 to the movable slide part 14.

Um jedenfalls in seiner Schliessstellung den oszillierenden Antrieb des beweglichen Schieberteiles 14 zu gewährleisten, ist am Teil 38 der Kolbenstange ein Arm 42 starr befestigt, der in der Schliessstellung mit einem Stellungsgeber 44, z.B. in Form eines Näherungsschalters (Reedswitch) zusammenwirkt. Der mit dem Oszillator 34 verbundene Stellungsgeber 44 schaltet den ersteren ein, bevor der bewegliche Schieberteil 14 die Schliessstellung erreicht hat, z.B. solange zwischen dem Auslaufkanal 8, dem Durchlass 20 und der Ausgussöffnung 18 noch eine qeringfüqige Ueberdeckung besteht. Damit wird auch der Vibrator 36 eingeschaltet, bevor der bewegliche Schieberteil die Schliessstellung erreicht hat. Andererseits kommt der Vibrator 36 erst dann zur Ruhe, wenn der bewegliche Schieberteil dieIn order in any case to ensure the oscillating drive of the movable slide part 14 in its closed position, an arm 42 is rigidly attached to the part 38 of the piston rod, which in the closed position is connected to a position transmitter 44, e.g. interacts in the form of a proximity switch (reedswitch). The position transmitter 44 connected to the oscillator 34 switches the former on before the movable slide part 14 has reached the closed position, e.g. as long as there is still a short covering between the outlet channel 8, the passage 20 and the pouring opening 18. The vibrator 36 is thus also switched on before the movable slide part has reached the closed position. On the other hand, the vibrator 36 comes to rest only when the movable slide part

Schliessstellung verlassen hat. Vermittels eines von Hand betätigbaren Schaltelementes 46, das mit dem Oszillator 34 verbunden ist, kann der oszillierende Antrieb des beweglichen Schieberteiles 14 in anderen Oeffnungsstellungen des letzteren ein- und ausgeschaltet werden.Has left the closed position. By means of a manually operable switching element 46, which is connected to the oscillator 34, the oscillating drive of the movable slide part 14 can be switched on and off in other open positions of the latter.

Der Oszillator 34 kann einstellbar sein, um das Ausmass (Hub) und/oder den zeitlichen Verlauf der Oszillationsbewegung am beweglichen Schieberteil 14 zu verändern. Während Hübe in der Grössenordnung von einigen Millimetern, z.B. 3 mm geeignet sind, haben sich Frequenzen von 1 - 2 Hüben pro Sekunde als ausreichend erwiesen. Neben einem sinusförmigen Verlauf der Bewegung kommen auch andere zeitliche Verläufe in Betracht.The oscillator 34 can be adjustable in order to change the extent (stroke) and / or the time course of the oscillation movement on the movable slide part 14. During strokes of the order of a few millimeters, e.g. 3 mm are suitable, frequencies of 1 to 2 strokes per second have proven to be sufficient. In addition to a sinusoidal course of the movement, other temporal courses can also be considered.

Das in Fig. 2 dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel der Giesseinrichtung ist für die Anwendung in einer Stranggiessanlage ausgelegt. Dementsprechend weist die mit dem Servo-Steuerblock 26 verbundene Regeleinrichtung 33 einen Eingang 52 für Signale einer nicht dargestellten Messeinrichtung auf, welche an der Kokille angebracht ist und den Füllstand in derselben misst. Mit der Regeleinrichtung 33 steht weiterhin eine Programmsteuerung 48 in Verbindung, welche in vorbestimmten Zuständen der Regeleinrichtung auf diese einwirkt. Schliesslich ist die Regeleinrichtung 33 mit dem Oszillator 34 verbunden, der seinerseits unmittelbar mit dem Servo-Steuerblock 26 in Verbindung steht. Ueber die Regeleinrichtung setzt die Programmsteuerung 48 den Oszillator 34 in Betrieb, wenn der erstere den Schieberverschluss in die Schliessstellung fahren lässt. Dabei wirkt der Oszillator 34 dem Stellsignal überlagert, das von -der Regeleinrichtung 32 erzeugt wird. Die Oszillationsbewegung wird damit von der die Stellbewegungen erzeugenden Zylinderkolben-Einheit 24 erzeugt. Damit entfällt ein besonderes Wirkeglied z.B. in Form des Vibrators 36 nach Fig. l. Die Programmsteuerung veranlasst dabei auch Stellsignale, welche in die Regelung eingreifen und Auf-Zubewegungen des beweglichen Schieberteiles 14 über den Servo-Steuerblock 26 und die Zylinder-Kolbeneinheit 24 verursachen.The exemplary embodiment of the casting device shown in FIG. 2 is designed for use in a continuous casting plant. Accordingly, the control device 33 connected to the servo control block 26 has an input 52 for signals from a measuring device, not shown, which is attached to the mold and measures the fill level in the same. A program control 48, which acts on the control device in predetermined states, is also connected to the control device 33. Finally, the control device 33 is connected to the oscillator 34, which in turn is directly connected to the servo control block 26. Via the control device, the program controller 48 puts the oscillator 34 into operation when the former allows the slide lock to move into the closed position. In this case, the oscillator 34 acts on the control signal superimposed by the control device 32 is produced. The oscillation movement is thus generated by the cylinder piston unit 24 which generates the actuating movements. This eliminates a special active link, for example in the form of the vibrator 36 according to FIG. The program control also initiates control signals which intervene in the regulation and cause the movable slide part 14 to move up and down via the servo control block 26 and the cylinder-piston unit 24.

Versuche, welche mit der erfindungsgemässen Giesseinrichtung gemacht wurden, haben erstaunliche Ergebnisse gebracht. So wurde eine Giesseinrichtung nach Fig. 2 beispielsweise in einer Stranggiessanlage zum Einsatz gebracht. Der Auslaufkanal 8 wies einen Durchmesser von 45 mm auf. Aus dem Giessgefäss bzw. Verteiler 2 wurde ein niedriglegierter Baustahl mit einem Gehalt von 0,04 - 0.05% an metallischem Aluminium und einer Temperatur, die im Mittel 200C über der Liquidustemperatur lag, abgegossen.Experiments which have been carried out with the casting device according to the invention have brought surprising results. For example, a casting device according to FIG. 2 was used in a continuous casting plant. The outlet channel 8 had a diameter of 45 mm. A low-alloy structural steel with a content of 0.04-0.05% of metallic aluminum and a temperature which was on average 20 ° C. above the liquidus temperature was poured out of the casting vessel or distributor 2.

Während den Giessunterbrüchen, welche die Anlage notwendig machte, wurde der in die Schliessstellung verbrachte Schieberteil 14 vom Oszillator 34 gesteuert, oszillierend angetrieben. Pro Sekunde werden zwei vollständige Oszillationen je aus einem Hub von 3 mm in Oeffnungsrichtung und einem gleich langen Hub in Schliessrichtung bestehend durchgeführt. Dabei blieb der Durchlass 20 durch die Bodenplatte 12 vollständig überdeckt.During the interruptions in casting which made the system necessary, the slide part 14 brought into the closed position was controlled by the oscillator 34 and driven in an oscillating manner. Two complete oscillations per second are carried out, each consisting of a stroke of 3 mm in the opening direction and an equally long stroke in the closing direction. The passage 20 remained completely covered by the base plate 12.

Mit der beschriebenen Massnahme konnte der Giessbetrieb nach Unterbrüchen von 2 Minuten Dauer regelmässig wieder aufgenommen werden. Der bewegliche Schieberteil liess sich ohne Schwierigkeiten in eine geöffnete Stellung verfahren und der Austritt von Schmelze aus der Ausgussöffnung 18 setzt ohne Verzug ein.With the measure described, the casting operation could be restarted regularly after interruptions lasting 2 minutes. The movable slide part could be moved into an open position without difficulty and the melt emerges from the pouring opening 18 without delay.

Bei einem weiteren mehrfach wiederholten Versuch mit dieser Giesseinrichtung und mit den gleichen Bedingungen bezüglich Zusammensetzung und Temperatur der Schmelze wurde während der Giessunterbrüche die Programmsteuerung eingeschaltet. Die Programmsteuerung veranlasste dabei eine Unterbrechung der Oszillationsbewegungen alle 30 Sekunden durch eine Auf-Zubewegung des beweglichen Schieberteiles. Die Hublänge wurde so eingestellt, dass der bewegliche Schieberteil in der einen Endstellung am Auslaufkanal einen Spalt von 3 bis 5 mm Breite freigab, wobei die Verweilzeit in dieser Stellung 1 Sekunde betrug. Die während den Auf-Zubewegungen ausfliessende Schmelze gelangte in die Kokille und konnte während 3 Minuten ohne Ueberschreitung der in dieser vorhandenen bzw. sich durch Kontraktion des Stranges bildenden Volumenreserve aufgenommen werden. Die nach dieser Unterbrechungsdauer erfolgte Wiederaufnahme des Giessbetriebes war problemlos und es waren keinerlei Anzeichen eines Einfrierens des Auslaufkanales festzustellen.In another repeated test with this casting device and with the same conditions with regard to the composition and temperature of the melt, the program control was switched on during the interruptions in the casting process. The program control caused the oscillation movements to be interrupted every 30 seconds by moving the movable slide part up and down. The stroke length was set so that the movable slide part in the one end position on the outlet channel released a gap of 3 to 5 mm in width, the dwell time in this position being 1 second. The melt flowing out during the upward movement reached the mold and could be taken up for 3 minutes without exceeding the volume reserve present in it or due to contraction of the strand. The resumption of the casting operation after this interruption period was problem-free and there were no signs of the outlet channel freezing.

Claims (8)

1. Giesseinrichtung für metallische Schmelzen, mit einem Auslaufkanal für ein Giessgefäss, der in einem Schieberverschluss endet, dessen beweglicher Schieberteil quer zum Auslaufkanal in eine und aus einer den Auslaufkanal absperrende Schliessstellung beweglich ist und mit einer Betätigungsvorrichtung für den beweglichen Schieberteil, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der bewegliche Schieberteil mindestens in der Schliessstellung quer zum Auslaufkanal oszillierend angetrieben ist.1.Casting device for metallic melts, with an outlet channel for a pouring vessel which ends in a slide closure, the movable slide part of which can be moved transversely to the outlet channel into and out of a closed position blocking the outlet channel and with an actuating device for the movable slide part, characterized in that the movable slide part is driven oscillatingly at least in the closed position transversely to the outlet channel. 2. Giesseinrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Mittel für den oszillierenden Antrieb ausserhalb der Schliessstellung des beweglichen Schieberteiles vorgesehen sind.2. Casting device according to claim 1, characterized in that means for the oscillating drive are provided outside the closed position of the movable slide part. 3. Giesseinrichtung nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch einen die Oszillationssignale erzeugenden einstellbaren Oszillator (34).3. Casting device according to claim 1, characterized by an adjustable oscillator (34) generating the oscillation signals. 4. Giesseinrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen dem beweglichen Schieberteil und seiner Betätigungsvorrichtung (22) ein vom Oszillator (34) gesteuerter Vibrator (36) eingeschaltet ist.4. Casting device according to claim 3, characterized in that between the movable slide part and its actuating device (22) from Oscillator (34) controlled vibrator (36) is switched on. 5. Giesseinrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Oszillator (34) mit einem Steuerglied (26) der Betätigungsvorrichtung (22) in Verbindung steht.5. Casting device according to claim 3, characterized in that the oscillator (34) with a control member (26) of the actuating device (22) is connected. 6. Giesseinrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Betätigungsvorrichtung (22) eine mit dem Steuerglied (26) verbundene Regeleinrichtung (32) umfasst, wobei eine Programmsteuerung (48) mit der Regeleinrichtung und über diese mit dem Oszillator (34) in Verbindung steht.6. Casting device according to claim 5, characterized in that the actuating device (22) comprises a control device (32) connected to the control member (26), a program controller (48) being connected to the control device and via this to the oscillator (34) stands. 7. Verfahren zum Abgiessen von metallischen Schmelzen über einen von einem Schieberverschluss beherrschten Auslaufkanal eines Giessgefässes, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der bewegliche Schieberteil des Schieberverschlusses während Giessunterbrüchen in seiner geschlossenen Stellung oszillierend angetrieben wird.7. A method for pouring metallic melts through an outlet channel of a casting vessel controlled by a slide closure, characterized in that the movable slide part of the slide closure is driven to oscillate in its closed position during interruptions in casting. 8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der bewegliche Schieberteil während den Giessunterbrüchen periodisch aus der geschlossenen Stellung heraus Auf-Zubewegungen ausführt.8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the movable slide part periodically executes open and closed movements during the casting interruptions from the closed position.
EP82104015A 1981-06-01 1982-05-08 Method of preventing solidification of molten metal in the outlet of a casting vessel and casting apparatus for molten metals for carrying out the method Expired EP0066118B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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AT82104015T ATE11018T1 (en) 1981-06-01 1982-05-08 METHOD FOR PREVENTING THE FREEZING OF METALLIC MELTES IN THE OUTLET CHANNEL OF A CASTING VESSEL AND CASTING DEVICE FOR METALLIC MELTES FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD.

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CH3546/81A CH653269A5 (en) 1981-06-01 1981-06-01 METHOD FOR PREVENTING THE FREEZING OF METAL MELT IN THE OUTLET CHANNEL OF A CASTING VESSEL.
CH3546/81 1981-06-01

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JP (1) JPS57209770A (en)
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DE (1) DE3261752D1 (en)
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CA1190022A (en) 1985-07-09
ES522928A0 (en) 1984-11-16
CH653269A5 (en) 1985-12-31
ES512677A0 (en) 1983-10-16
IN160850B (en) 1987-08-08
JPS57209770A (en) 1982-12-23
ES8500576A1 (en) 1984-11-16
JPH0123230B2 (en) 1989-05-01
EP0066118B1 (en) 1985-01-02
ES8308735A1 (en) 1983-10-16
DE3261752D1 (en) 1985-02-14
MX158021A (en) 1988-12-29
US4759479A (en) 1988-07-26
ATE11018T1 (en) 1985-01-15

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