EP0065587A1 - Elektrische Steuerungseinrichtung mit einem Spannungsteiler - Google Patents

Elektrische Steuerungseinrichtung mit einem Spannungsteiler Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0065587A1
EP0065587A1 EP81104026A EP81104026A EP0065587A1 EP 0065587 A1 EP0065587 A1 EP 0065587A1 EP 81104026 A EP81104026 A EP 81104026A EP 81104026 A EP81104026 A EP 81104026A EP 0065587 A1 EP0065587 A1 EP 0065587A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
support
potentiometer
support member
resistive
contact member
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP81104026A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
James Myron Cohn
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to EP81104026A priority Critical patent/EP0065587A1/de
Publication of EP0065587A1 publication Critical patent/EP0065587A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H5/00—Instruments in which the tones are generated by means of electronic generators
    • G10H5/002—Instruments using voltage controlled oscillators and amplifiers or voltage controlled oscillators and filters, e.g. Synthesisers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H1/02—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos
    • G10H1/04—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos by additional modulation
    • G10H1/053—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos by additional modulation during execution only
    • G10H1/055—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos by additional modulation during execution only by switches with variable impedance elements
    • G10H1/0553—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos by additional modulation during execution only by switches with variable impedance elements using optical or light-responsive means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H1/02—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos
    • G10H1/04—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos by additional modulation
    • G10H1/053—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos by additional modulation during execution only
    • G10H1/055—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos by additional modulation during execution only by switches with variable impedance elements
    • G10H1/0558—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos by additional modulation during execution only by switches with variable impedance elements using variable resistors

Definitions

  • My U.S. Patent No. 4,052,923 discloses a frequency control strip 5 formed by a potentiometer which comprises an elongate resistive member and a sensing electrode which can be applied to the resistive member at a position intermediate its ends.
  • the frequency control strip 5 comprises a metal strip 6 secured by adhesive on its underside to the upper surface of a slat 3, two lengths of spacer strip 7, for example double adhesive tape, covering the edges of the metal strip 6 but leaving the central area exposed, a resistive strip comprising a length of recording tape 8 having its edges secured to the spacer strips 7 of double adhesive tape and having its magnetic emulsion on the surface facing the metal strip 6, and a protective covering 9 of electrically non-conductive rayon ribbon.
  • the spacer strips 7 of double adhesive tape keep the recording tape 8 spaced from the strip 6. However, when pressure is applied to the covering 9, the recording tape 8 is pressed onto the strip 6 and establishes electrical connection therewith.
  • the electrical arrangement of the strip 6 and the tape 8, which constitute the active parts of a frequency-control voltage source, is illustrated in Figure 4 of the patent.
  • the opposite ends of the tape 8 are connected, through a variable range control resistor 10 and a diode drop 33 respectively to the positive and negative poles of a DC voltage source.
  • the metal strip 6 effectively constitutes a wiper contact which taps off from the tape 8 a voltage dependent upon the position along the slat 3 at which pressure is applied to the covering 9, and applies that voltage to the VCO and/or VCF of an electronic music synthesizer, as shown, or to the frequency-related circuitry of a musical instrument.
  • the recording tape actually used is Scotch No. 208, having a resistance of about 50,000 ohms/inch, and having a width of 1/4".
  • the potentiometer provides the advantages of a linear controller, including the capabilities of making swift and subtle changes of intonation and of producing a true vibrato (continuous fluctuating frequency).
  • the protective covering 9 of rayon ribbon is not essential to the invention disclosed in the patent, but if no protective covering is provided the fingers of the musician using the frequency control strip will be in continual and/or repeated sliding contact with the back surface of the tape, moving along its length.
  • the back of the tape should be provided with an abrasion-resistant coating, for example comprising carbon pigment suspended in a binder.
  • Magnetic recording tape is relatively flimsy material,, not well adapted to subjection to continual and/or repeated pressure and sliding contact under the conditions encountered in the frequency control strip described in the patent (although it is recognized that it is inherent in normal use of magnetic recording tape that it is subject to continual pressure by sliding contact with, the components of a tape recorder or playback machine). Therefore, the magnetic recording tape should preferably have a polyester base (to resist moisture, and for good stability and mechanical characteristics), preferably of greatest standard thickness (about 1.5 mils), and with a magnetic oxide coating of greatest standard oxide-thickness (about 0.65 mils). It is also desirable that the tape and most or all of the remaining parts of the frequency control strip should be made an easily replaceable subunit like a string of a guitar or violin.
  • all or part of the frequency control strip including its three terminals and perhaps even all or part of the underlying support (the slat 3 of the patent) should be easily removed and replaced, the terminals being provided with plugs or clamps and the rest of the frequency control strip, and possibly also at least part of the support, being removable and replaceable by way of plugs, clamps or adhesive.
  • slats In order to provide an electronic substitute for the strings of a guitar, electric bass or other fretted instrument, four to six slats, each provided with its own frequency control strip, are arranged in parallel on a base the size and shape of the standard (acoustic instrument) fretboard. Again, the player's left hand fingers the slats as if they were strings, and since the fingering action also controls triggering and loudness level the player's right hand is free for other operations.
  • frets can be retained by providing indicia in the standard fret positions on the protective covering or other uppermost surface of each movable slat.
  • the indicia may be either purely visual, such as colored or etched lines on the protective covering, or partly tactile, alternating, on the uppermost surface, both relatively wide smooth regions with narrower fret-like rough regions formed by scoring or grooving, for example, distributed along its length.
  • the slat In order to provide an electronic instrument playable by a keyboard player, the slat would be about 2 inches wide and the protective covering would be formed with a black and white keyboard pattern. The black keys and the divisions between the white keys could be provided with a different tactile effect from the white keys themselves, as by rough surfaces. Such an instrument would have only monophonic capability. In order to provide 2-voice polyphonic capability, two such slats are placed end to end and each played by a different hand. In order to provide 4-voice polyphonic capabilities, an additional pair of slats, end to end, are placed slightly behind and slightly higher than the first pair, so that the entire assemblage looks like a 2- manual organ keyboard.
  • a resilient comb-like member is secured to the slat with the teeth extending perpendicular to the length of the slat and terminating superjacent the recording tape.
  • the comb is made of conductive material, it may be used in place of the metal strip 6 of the potentiometer of the patent, by omitting any protective covering over the recording tape and positioning the recording tape with its magnetic surface upward, facing the terminations of the teeth. A protective covering could then be provided over the comb, the protective covering having a printed black and white keyboard pattern.
  • the metal strip could be retained, and the comb arranged so that when the teeth engage the recording tape the tape is pressed down into contact with the metal strip, just as it is pressed down by finger pressure into contact with the metal strip in the case of the control strip described in the patent.
  • a comb of suitable width the musician may be provided with a finger-contact zone of standard depth (about 3 inches), since he can apply pressure at any point along the teeth, and the teeth transmit the pressure to the much shallower zone of the recording tape.
  • the teeth should be as fine as possible so as to simulate an unbroken contact surface.
  • the comb may be constructed to provide only one tooth for each key, and the teeth themselves may be black or white, as required for a conventional keyboard, and the black teeth could be positioned higher than the white teeth, in order to provide a three-dimensional keyboard surface.
  • a potentiometer comprising a support member having first and second support regions and an intermediate region located therebetween, and a resistive member supported on the support member at said first support region and having a longitudinal dimension extending transversely of a line from the first support region to the second support region, characterized in that a resilient contact member is secured to the support member at said second support region in con- cantilever fashion and extends over the intermediate region and terminates superjacent the resistive member, the contact member being flexible both about axes which extend parallel to said line and about axes which extend transversely of said line, whereby application of pressure to the contact member at a location over said intermediate region causes the contact member to bend resiliently about an axis perpendicular to said line and to engage the resistive member and movement of the point of application of pressure perpendicular to said line causes the point of engagement of the resistive member by the contact member to move along the longitudinal dimension of the resistive member.
  • a potentiometer comprising a support member having first and second support regions and an intermediate region located therebetween, and resistance means supported on the support member at said first support regions and comprising a resistive member and a sensing electrode which are spaced apart from each other but, on application of pressure, come into contact with each other, and having a longitudinal dimension extending transversely of a line from the first support region to the second support region, characterized in that a resilient contact member is secured to the support member at said second support region and extends over the intermediate region and terminates superjacent the resistance means, the contact member being flexible both about axes which extend parallel to said line and about axes which extend transversely of said line, whereby application of pressure to the contact member at a location over said intermediate region causes the contact member to bend resiliently about an axis perpendicular to said line and to engage the resistance means, and movement of the point of application of pressure perpendicular to said line causes the point of engagement of the resistance means by the contact member
  • a resilient member 34 is mounted on the slat 3 with one edge secured to the slat, along the opposite edge from the frequency control strip 5, by means of screws 35.
  • An intermediate part 34' of the member 34 extends across the slat 3, perpendicular to its length, and slightly spaced above its upper surface.
  • the free edge of the member 34 is bent at 34a downward and/or into a U-shape. It will be appreciated that since the member 34 is secured to the slat along only one edge, the other edge being spaced from the slat, the member 34 is supported in cantilever fashion.
  • the recording tape is Scotch No. 208 having a resistance of about 50,000 ohms/inch.
  • the width of the tape is one quarter inch.
  • the depth of the part 34' of the member 34 is about 3 inches.
  • the member 34 is flexible both about longitudinal axes extending parallel to its edges and about axes extending transversely of its edges. When pressure is applied to the intermediate part 34' of the member 34, the corresponding lowermost point of the edge 34a moves down into engagement with the protective covering 9 and thus presses the recording tape 8 into electrical connection with the metal strip 6.
  • the member 34 serves as a transmission device for concentrating the effect of pressure applied at any point over a relatively deep area (the depth of the part 34') into a relatively shallow area (the width of the recording tape).
  • the member 34 should not be so flexible about longitudinal axes that application of pressure to the member causes the entire edge 34a to move down into engagement with the protective covering 9.
  • the member 34 may be in the form of a comb having its back secured to the slat 3 by the screws 35 and the individual teeth 36 of the comb being so narrow and closely spaced that use of a single fingertip to apply pressure to the comb will press the tips 36a of several adjacent teeth simultaneously against the protective covering 9.
  • the upper surface of the member 34 may be covered by a flexible protective covering 37 (which is preferably electrically inert), for example a plastic film, having on its upper surface a smooth and rough and/or black and white pattern 38, as shown in Figure 4, similar to the pattern of black and white keys of a piano keyboard, and with:lines 39, printed on or scored into its surface and extending perpendicular to the length of the slat near the middle of the key position, as a guide to the player showing the location of the underlying tooth which, on contacting the covering 9, produces a note of the exact or "correct" pitch for that key, for observance of the standards of fixed-intonation tuning.
  • a flexible protective covering 37 which is preferably electrically inert
  • a plastic film having on its upper surface a smooth and rough and/or black and white pattern 38, as shown in Figure 4, similar to the pattern of black and white keys of a piano keyboard, and with:lines 39, printed on or scored into its surface and extending perpendicular to the length of the s
  • the frequency control strip 5 comprises only a strip of recording tape which has its back surface secured to the slat, so that its magnetic coating is facing upwards, and the moving part of the frequency control strip comprises the member 34.
  • the member 34 is made of conductive material and is connected in the same manner as the metal strip 6 of the frequency control strip 5 of the patent.
  • the protective covering 9 is not retained, but in order to prevent leakage currents and other perturbations when the musician presses the member 34 a protective covering is required and this must be made of electrically non-conductive material, such as plastic film.
  • the covering may bear the same type of pattern and/or lines as the protective covering 37 of the device illustrated in Figures 1, 2 and 3.
  • the member 34 may have a continuous intermediate portion 34', provided that it is sufficiently resistant to bending about the axes extending longitudinally of the slat, or the member 34 may be in the form of a comb with teeth 36.
  • the member 34 be in the form of a comb with teeth 36, rather than have a continuous intermediate part 34', because although suitable materials are available to produce the member 34 with a continuous intermediate part 34' (i.e. materials are available with suitable resilient and flexible qualities), the physical properties of the member 34 depend upon the conditions under which the member was produced, and the conditions under which the material of the member 34 was produced, and change with time, and therefore the difference in flexible and resilient qualities about the different axes cannot be relied upon to obtain in the future, whereas in the case of a comb it is only necessary that each tooth remain flexible about axes extending longitudinally of the slat: flexibility of the member 34 about axes perpendicular to the slat is achieved by virtue of the member being in the form of a comb, not upon the physical properties of the material from which the member is made, and so will not be affected by passage of time.
  • the frequency control strip 5 is replaced by a series of discrete electrical contacts 5' illustrated in Figure 5 which are connected to respective points of different potential in a chain of resistors 8', illustrated in Figure 5A, which takes the place of the recording tape 8.
  • the intermediate portion of the member 34 may be continuous as in the case of the other described embodiments, but it is preferable that the member 34 should, as illustrated, be a comb having one tooth 36 for each of the discrete contacts 5'.
  • each of the contacts 5' establishes a discrete voltage level which, when applied to a VCO, VCF or other unit whose pitch or frequency response is affected by voltage, establishes a predetermined frequency.
  • the device illustrated in Figure 5 is monophonic, and is especially well suited for playing fixed-intonation music.
  • the slat 3 and the base member 1 upon which it is supported are provided with parts for generating an electrical analog signal dependent on the position of the slat with respect to the base member, and the device is also provided with means for generating a predetermined response when the slat is moved from a null position through an initiating threshold position against the bias established by a tension spring and for terminating the response when the support member is returned from beyond the initiating threshold position towards the null position through a termination threshold position.
  • the light dependent resistor 13 is one component of a T-network 13a, which comprises in addition two resistors 13D and two capacitors 13c.
  • a plurality of relatively short slats 3' forming keys are mounted side by side on a base member 1 as shown in Figures 7, 7A and 7B by means of respective hinges 2.
  • Each of the keys 3' is provided with its own frequency control strip 51 and pressure transmitting member 34 having a solidly colored protective covering 37. above it displaying an in tune or exact pitch indicator line.
  • Each frequency control strip 51 and pressure transmitting member 34 may be constructed as described with reference to Figures 1 and 2 or as described with reference to the modification in which the frequency control strip comprises only a strip of recording tape.
  • each of the frequency control strips 51 is replaced by a discrete electrode 51' and the separate electrodes are connected as illustrated in Figure 5A.
  • the member 34 connected to each key 3' has a continuous intermediate portion 34' and is not in the form of a comb.
  • each individual key 3" has its own set of components for triggering and amplitude control.
  • the different pressure transmitting members 34, of the keys 3' respectively, are connected together to a common output which is ultimately connected to a VCO, VCF or other unit whose pitch or frequency response is affected by voltage as shown in Figure 5A.
  • the respective protective coverings provided on the keys 3' respectively are solidly colored and since discrete contacts are used the coverings are not provided with in tune or exact pitch indicators as in the case of Figure 7.
  • the device of Figure 8 may also be modified to provide a polyphonic device in which each key has a fixed intonation, rather than a variable intonation as in the case of the polyphonic device of Figures 7, 7A and 7B.
  • each potential divider comprises a fixed resistor 45 and a variable trimmer resistor 46 connected in series with a diode drop 33 between the positive and negative poles of a D.C. voltage source.
  • the different pressure transmitting members 34 are connected to respective VCO's and VCF's as in the case of Figure 7C, and each key is provided with its own set of components for triggering and amplitude control.
  • a single elongate member 40 of resilient material is secured on one of its two longer edges by screws to a base member 1 and is formed with cuts 42 extending perpendicular to its other long edge and dividing that part of the member 40 which projects from the base member 1 into a series of long and short keys 43 and 44 respectively in such a way that the entire member 40, viewed from above, resembles a piano keyboard, with the length and width of each of the keys 43 and 44 equal to those of the corresponding piano keys.
  • Each of the keys 43 and 44 has its own frequency control strip 51 attached to its upper surface adjacent the free end of the key, and its own pressure transmission member 34 covered by a solidly-colored protective covering 37 displaying an in tune or exact pitch indicator line 39.
  • Each of the keys 43 and 44 carries near its free end a light-emitting diode 12 (shown in Figure 9A) which illuminates a photodiode 14.
  • Each frequency control strip 51 and pressure transmitting member 34 may be constructed as described with reference to Figures 1 and 2 or as described with reference to the modification in which the frequency control strip comprises only a strip of recording tape.
  • each key carried a shutter which passed, on depression of the key, between two LED's (corresponding to the LED's 11 and 12 of the patent) and an LDR and a photodiode (corresponding to the LDR 13 and the photodiode 14 of the patent) so as to decrease the illumination of the LDR and the photodiode when increasing pressure is applied to the key.
  • each key 43 and 44 has its top surface coplanar with the top surfaces of the other teeth, when not subject to downward pressure.
  • the entire one-piece member 40 may be molded or stamped in such a manner that the top surfaces of the shorter keys 44 would, when not subject to downward pressure, be coplanar with each other in a plane higher than that of the top surfaces of the longer keys 43, thus giving the entire member 40 the three dimensional pattern shown by the arrangement of black and white keys in a piano keyboard.
  • the device illustrated in Figures 9 and 9A could be modified to produce a monophonic keyboard by providing each of the teeth 43 and 44 with a single electrical contact instead of a frequency control strip, connected as in the case of the contacts 5' of Figures 5 and 5A.
  • the member 34 of the monophonic modification of Figures 9 and 9A would have a continuous intermediate portion and would not be in the form of a comb.
  • FIG. 9A The monophonic modification of Figures 9 and 9A could be further modified to provide a polyphonic device having a fixed intonation for each key, rather than a variable intonation, in the manner described with reference to Figure 8A, i.e. by using a plurality of potential dividers connected to the electrical contacts respectively and providing each key with its own set of components for triggering and amplitude control.
  • the contacts 34 and the discrete contacts associated therewith are replaced by direct connections between the potential dividers and the respective voltage-responsive variable frequency devices 20/21, as shown in Figure 9B.
  • each key is provided with a double pole, double throw switch 52, and in one position of the switch the output is taken from the metal strip 6 or the member 34 (depending upon whether the arrangement of the frequency control strip and the member 34 is as described with reference to Figure 1 or the modification thereof) whereas in the other position of the switch the output is taken from a potential divider establishing a fixed voltage output.
  • a suitable switching arrangement is illustrated in Figure 10 of the drawings.
  • the positive terminal of a D.C. voltage source is connected to the negative pole thereof through a diode drop 33 and either a variable trimmer resistor 10 and the strip of tape 8 or through a fixed resistor 45 and a variable trimmer resistor 46, depending upon the position of the switch 52, and the output is received either from the metal strip 6 or member 34 or from the junction point of the resistors 45 and 46, depending upon the position of the switch 52.
  • the connection to the junction point 47 may either be a permanent connection, as illustrated in broken line, or it may be a second movable contact 48 which is placed so that it establishes electrical connection with a nearby fixed metal contact 49, which is connected to the junction 47, when finger pressure is applied to the protective covering 37 on the key.
  • the frequency control strip can be constructed in either of the two configurations described above.
  • the frequencies 48 and 49 are employed, the frequency control strip is constructed in the configuration illustrated in Figure 11.
  • This modified form of frequency control strip comprises a metal strip, forming the contact 49, secured by adhesive on its under surface to the upper surface of the key 3', 43 or 44, a strip of flexible metal tape, such as aluminum foil sensing tape, forming the contact 48 and secured at its under surface to the contact 49 by two strips of double adhesive tape 50 covering the edges of the contact 49 but leaving the central area exposed, and a strip of recording tape, forming the tape 8, having its under surface secured by adhesive to the upper surface of the contact 48 and having its resistive coating on its upper surface, facing towards the pressure transmitting member 34.
  • the pressure transmitting member 34 is covered by the protective covering 37.
  • glissando strip placed in the very front of the keyboard and extending the full length of the latter.
  • This "glissando strip” would be one complete monophonic form of the basic unit described in the patent, including a single movable slat, tension spring, motion-sensing devices, frequency-control strip, circuitry for converting an analog signal into a digital signal, attenuating circuitry, etc., and optionally including a transmission-comb and a protective covering over the latter.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
EP81104026A 1981-05-26 1981-05-26 Elektrische Steuerungseinrichtung mit einem Spannungsteiler Withdrawn EP0065587A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP81104026A EP0065587A1 (de) 1981-05-26 1981-05-26 Elektrische Steuerungseinrichtung mit einem Spannungsteiler

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP81104026A EP0065587A1 (de) 1981-05-26 1981-05-26 Elektrische Steuerungseinrichtung mit einem Spannungsteiler

Publications (1)

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EP0065587A1 true EP0065587A1 (de) 1982-12-01

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EP81104026A Withdrawn EP0065587A1 (de) 1981-05-26 1981-05-26 Elektrische Steuerungseinrichtung mit einem Spannungsteiler

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3624584A (en) * 1969-02-20 1971-11-30 Nippon Musical Instruments Mfg Variable resistance device for an electronic musical instrument
US3657460A (en) * 1971-01-22 1972-04-18 Mattel Inc Organ keyboard switching system
FR2142128A5 (de) * 1971-06-14 1973-01-26 Reynaud Gerard
US4052923A (en) * 1976-06-22 1977-10-11 Cohn J M Electrical control devices

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3624584A (en) * 1969-02-20 1971-11-30 Nippon Musical Instruments Mfg Variable resistance device for an electronic musical instrument
US3657460A (en) * 1971-01-22 1972-04-18 Mattel Inc Organ keyboard switching system
FR2142128A5 (de) * 1971-06-14 1973-01-26 Reynaud Gerard
US4052923A (en) * 1976-06-22 1977-10-11 Cohn J M Electrical control devices

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