EP0061637A1 - Method of packaging alumino-thermic mixtures - Google Patents

Method of packaging alumino-thermic mixtures Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0061637A1
EP0061637A1 EP82102056A EP82102056A EP0061637A1 EP 0061637 A1 EP0061637 A1 EP 0061637A1 EP 82102056 A EP82102056 A EP 82102056A EP 82102056 A EP82102056 A EP 82102056A EP 0061637 A1 EP0061637 A1 EP 0061637A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
aluminothermic
packaging unit
mixture
packaging
binding agent
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP82102056A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Hans Dr. Guntermann
Horst Schümann
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Goldschmidt ETB GmbH
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Elektro Thermit GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Elektro Thermit GmbH filed Critical Elektro Thermit GmbH
Publication of EP0061637A1 publication Critical patent/EP0061637A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B31/00—Packaging articles or materials under special atmospheric or gaseous conditions; Adding propellants to aerosol containers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for packaging aluminothermic mixtures while preventing segregation during storage and transport.
  • Aluminothermic mixtures consist chwermetalloxiden of finely divided aluminum and S, where the mixture to dampen the reaction and / or to form an alloy in the reaction, further finely divided metals, metal oxides, or other alloying elements, such as iron filings, copper, copper oxides, chromium, manganese, carbon or the like, can be added.
  • the reactants contained in the aluminothermic mixture In order to achieve a uniform reaction and to control it in a controlled manner, it is necessary for the reactants contained in the aluminothermic mixture to be present within a predetermined particle size range and with a desired particle size distribution.
  • the "different specific weights of the reactants in the aluminothermic mixture as well as their specific particle shape cause changes in the optimally adjusted mixing ratio of the reactants within one during transport and storage, especially with shaking stress, as they cannot be excluded during loading and transport Packaging unit, for example a cloth bag containing 7 to 15 kg of aluminothermic mixture as the usual packaging form for aluminothermic welding compounds for carrying out aluminothermic rail connection welds.
  • This segregation can lead to an uneven course of the aluminothermic reaction.
  • the reaction is too violent or uneven due to the segregation, a part of the melt can be thrown out of the crucible, for example, which endangers the operating personnel and can also lead to faulty welds due to the lack of weld metal or the formation of alloys of undesirable composition.
  • Demixed aluminothermic mixtures can also react too slowly, which can lead to heat loss and thus also to faulty welds. Since the majority of the aluminothermic mixtures are used for rail connection welding, such sources of error must be excluded for traffic safety reasons alone.
  • the invention is based on the object of finding a simple solution to the problem of preventing the segregation of the aluminothermic mixtures which are optimally mixed during production, without the need to add substances to the mixture which remain in the aluminothermic reaction or which interfere in the event of remaining.
  • the bulk density of the reaction mixture should not be reduced. All application properties of the aluminothermic mixture should remain unchanged.
  • this object can be achieved in a surprisingly simple manner by combining the aluminothermic mixture with a small amount of a C0 2 -binding agent into a packaging unit consisting of flexible, essentially airtight plastic film, which displaces the air in the packaging unit with C0 2 and the packaging unit in a known manner including the lowest possible CO 2 - Volume hermetically sealed.
  • the film forming the packaging unit quickly closes tightly around the aluminothermic mixture, which is solidified into a block. Separation is no longer possible.
  • the packaging unit is opened by tearing or cutting the film. The aluminothermic mixture is free-flowing immediately after opening the packaging and can be poured into the reaction crucible.
  • the CO 2 binding agent can be distributed in the aluminothermic mixture. This is possible above all if the CO 2 -binding agent does not interfere with the aluminothermic reaction and does not contaminate the metal melt obtained. It is therefore particularly preferred to use finely divided soda lime as an effective, inexpensive and metallurgically indifferent CO 2 binder.
  • the majority of the alkali carbonate evaporates as an oxide, the alkaline earths are absorbed by the slag.
  • the C0 2 -binding agent can be packaged in a cartridge or a bag made of paper or textile material. It is then possible, after opening the packaging of the aluminothermic mixture, to remove the cartridge or the bag containing the agent which has absorbed the carbon dioxide before the reaction.
  • the packaging unit for the aluminothermic mixture generally consists of a sack or pouch made of thermoplastic film which can be easily closed by welding. To achieve higher strength, a film can also be used, which is laminated in particular on the outside with paper.
  • Polyethylene films with a thickness of approximately 0.1 to 0.3 mm have proven particularly suitable as the film material.
  • a bag 20 cm wide and 40 cm long is formed by cross welding from a tube made of polyethylene film. 10 kg of an aluminothermic mixture of iron oxide, aluminum powder, fine steel granules and manganese powder are filled into this bag. A bag made of cotton fabric measuring 5 x 5 cm and containing 5 g of soda lime is also inserted. The air in this packaging unit is now removed by blowing in C0 2 and replaced by CO 2 . The bag is then sealed and the aluminothermic mixture is distributed in the form of a plate. After a few minutes, the film has wrapped itself so tightly around the aluminothermic mixture that a plate-shaped, rigid block has formed. This rigid block is easy to pack and send in boxes.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
  • Bag Frames (AREA)

Abstract

The method is for packing aluminothermic mixtures whilst preventing demixing during storage and transport. A packaging unit, consisting of a flexible, essentially air-tight plastic film, is filled with the aluminothermic mixture, together with a small amount of a CO2-binding agent, the air in the packaging unit is displaced by CO2 and the packaging unit is sealed air-tightly in a manner known per se whilst including as small a volume of CO2 as possible. After absorption of the CO2, the film fits snugly around the aluminothermic mixture which solidifies to form a rigid block. After opening of the packaging, the mixture is again pourable.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Abpacken von aluminothermischen Gemischen unter Verhinderung des Entmischens bei Lagerung und Transport.The invention relates to a method for packaging aluminothermic mixtures while preventing segregation during storage and transport.

Aluminothermische Gemische bestehen aus feinteiligem Aluminium und Schwermetalloxiden, wobei dem Gemisch zur Dämpfung der Reaktion und/oder zur Bildung einer Legierung bei der Reaktion weitere feinteilige Metalle, Metalloxide, oder andere Legierungselemente, wie z.B. Eisenspäne, Kupfer, Kupferoxide, Chrom, Mangan, Kohlenstoff oder dergleichen, zugesetzt werden können.Aluminothermic mixtures consist chwermetalloxiden of finely divided aluminum and S, where the mixture to dampen the reaction and / or to form an alloy in the reaction, further finely divided metals, metal oxides, or other alloying elements, such as iron filings, copper, copper oxides, chromium, manganese, carbon or the like, can be added.

Zur Erzielung einer gleichmäßigen Reaktion und zu deren kontrolliertem Ablauf ist es erforderlich, daß die im aluminothermischen Gemisch enthaltenen Reaktionspartner innerhalb eines vorgegebenen Teilchengrößenbereichs und mit einer erwünschten Teilchengrößenverteilung vorliegen.In order to achieve a uniform reaction and to control it in a controlled manner, it is necessary for the reactants contained in the aluminothermic mixture to be present within a predetermined particle size range and with a desired particle size distribution.

Die "unterschiedlichen spezifischen Gewichte der Reaktionspartner im aluminothermischen Gemisch sowie deren spezifische Teilchengestalt verursachen bei Transport und Lagerung, insbesondere bei rüttelnder Beanspruchung, wie sie bei der Verladung und beim Transport nicht ausgeschlossen werden können, Änderungen des bei der Produktion optimal eingestellten Mischungsverhältnisses der Reaktionspartner innerhalb einer Verpackungseinheit, z.B. eines 7 bis 15 kg aluminothermisches Gemisch enthaltenden Tuchbeutels als üblicher Verpackungsform für aluminothermische Schweißmassen zur Durchführung aluminothermischer Schienenverbindungsschweißungen.The "different specific weights of the reactants in the aluminothermic mixture as well as their specific particle shape cause changes in the optimally adjusted mixing ratio of the reactants within one during transport and storage, especially with shaking stress, as they cannot be excluded during loading and transport Packaging unit, for example a cloth bag containing 7 to 15 kg of aluminothermic mixture as the usual packaging form for aluminothermic welding compounds for carrying out aluminothermic rail connection welds.

Diese Entmischung kann zu ungleichmäßigem Ablauf der aluminothermischen Reaktion führen. Ist zum Beispiel bei der aluminothermischen Schienenschweißung die Reaktion aufgrund der Entmischung zu heftig oder ungleichmäßig, kann z.B. ein Teil der Schmelze aus dem Tiegel herausgeschleudert werden, wodurch das Bedienungspersonal gefährdet wird und es außerdem zu fehlerhaften Schweißungen infolge fehlenden Schweißgutes oder der Bildung von Legierungen unerwünschter Zusammensetzung kommen kann. Entmischte aluminothermische Gemische können auch zu langsam reagieren, was zu Wärmeverlusten und damit ebenfalls zu fehlerhaften Schweißungen führen kann. Da der überwiegende Anteil der aluminothermischen Gemische zur Schienenverbindungsschweißung verwendet wird, müssen solche Fehlerquellen schon aus Gründen der Verkehrssicherheit ausgeschlossen werden.This segregation can lead to an uneven course of the aluminothermic reaction. For example, with the aluminothermic rails If the reaction is too violent or uneven due to the segregation, a part of the melt can be thrown out of the crucible, for example, which endangers the operating personnel and can also lead to faulty welds due to the lack of weld metal or the formation of alloys of undesirable composition. Demixed aluminothermic mixtures can also react too slowly, which can lead to heat loss and thus also to faulty welds. Since the majority of the aluminothermic mixtures are used for rail connection welding, such sources of error must be excluded for traffic safety reasons alone.

Man hat versucht, der Entmischung aluminothermischer Gemische dadurch entgegenzuwirken, daß man die Reaktionspartner pelletisiert. Hierzu bedarf man aber anorganischer oder organischer Bindemittel. Ein mögliches anorganisches Bindemittel ist Wasserglas, mit dem man die aluminothermischen Gemische anteigen und mit C02 verfestigen könnte. Hierdurch werden jedoch Fremdelemente in das Reaktionsgemisch eingebracht, welche in der Metallschmelze stören können. Verwendet man organische Bindemittel, können die organischen Bestandteile zur Gasentwicklung bei der Reaktion und damit zu porösen Reaktionsprodukten führen. Ein weiterer Nachteil pelletisierter Gemische liegt aber in der Erhöhung des Schüttvolumens. Durch die plötzliche Wärmeentwicklung bei der aluminothermischen Reaktion dehnt sich die in der Schüttung enthaltene Luft stark aus und verursacht heftiges Spritzen der Reaktionsmasse zu Reaktionsbeginn.Attempts have been made to counteract the segregation of aluminothermic mixtures by pelletizing the reactants. However, this requires inorganic or organic binders. A possible inorganic binder is water glass, with which one could increase the aluminothermic mixtures and solidify with CO 2 . In this way, however, foreign elements are introduced into the reaction mixture which can interfere in the molten metal. If organic binders are used, the organic constituents can lead to gas evolution during the reaction and thus to porous reaction products. Another disadvantage of pelletized mixtures is the increase in the bulk volume. Due to the sudden heat development during the aluminothermic reaction, the air contained in the bed expands strongly and causes violent splashing of the reaction mass at the start of the reaction.

Der Erfindung liegt nun die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine einfache Lösung des Problems der Verhinderung der Entmischung der bei der Produktion optimal gemischten aluminothermischen Gemische zu finden, ohne daß dem Gemisch Substanzen zugegeben werden müssen, die bei der aluminothermischen Reaktion verbleiben oder im Falle des Verbleibens stören. Insbesondere soll die Schüttdichte des Reaktionsgemisches nicht verringert werden. Alle anwendungstechnischen Eigenschaften des aluminothermischen Gemisches sollen unverändert bleiben.The invention is based on the object of finding a simple solution to the problem of preventing the segregation of the aluminothermic mixtures which are optimally mixed during production, without the need to add substances to the mixture which remain in the aluminothermic reaction or which interfere in the event of remaining. In particular, the bulk density of the reaction mixture should not be reduced. All application properties of the aluminothermic mixture should remain unchanged.

Diese Aufgabe kann erfindungsgemäß in überraschend einfacher Weise dadurch gelöst werden, daß man das aluminothermische Gemisch zusammen mit einer geringen Menge eines C02-bindenden Mittels in eine aus flexibler, im wesentlichen luftdichter Kunststoff-Folie bestehende Verpackungseinheit einfüllt, die in der Verpackungseinheit befindliche Luft durch C02 verdrängt und die Verpackungseinheit in an sich bekannter Weise unter Einschluß eines möglichst geringen CO2-Volumens luftdicht verschließt.According to the invention, this object can be achieved in a surprisingly simple manner by combining the aluminothermic mixture with a small amount of a C0 2 -binding agent into a packaging unit consisting of flexible, essentially airtight plastic film, which displaces the air in the packaging unit with C0 2 and the packaging unit in a known manner including the lowest possible CO 2 - Volume hermetically sealed.

Durch die Absorption des Kohlendioxids legt sich die die Verpackungseinheit bildende Folie innerhalb kurzer Zeit dicht um das aluminothermische Gemisch, das zu einem Block verfestigt wird. Eine Entmischung ist nicht mehr möglich. Am Ort der Verwendung wird die Verpackungseinheit durch Aufreißen oder Aufschneiden der Folie geöffnet. Das aluminothermische Gemisch ist unmittelbar nach dem Öffnen der Verpackung wieder rieselfähig und kann in den Reaktionstiegel geschüttet werden.As a result of the absorption of carbon dioxide, the film forming the packaging unit quickly closes tightly around the aluminothermic mixture, which is solidified into a block. Separation is no longer possible. At the point of use, the packaging unit is opened by tearing or cutting the film. The aluminothermic mixture is free-flowing immediately after opening the packaging and can be poured into the reaction crucible.

Das CO2-bindende Mittel kann in dem aluminothermischen Gemisch verteilt sein. Dies ist vor allem dann möglich, wenn das CO2-bindende Mittel die aluminothermische Reaktion nicht stört und die erhaltene Metallschmelze nicht verunreinigt. Besonders bevorzugt ist deshalb als wirkungsvolles, preiswertes und metallurgisch indifferentes CO2-Bindemittel feinteiliger Natronkalk. Bei der aluminothermischen Reaktion verdampft die überwiegende Menge des Alkalikarbonates als Oxid, die Erdalkalien werden von der Schlacke aufgenommen.The CO 2 binding agent can be distributed in the aluminothermic mixture. This is possible above all if the CO 2 -binding agent does not interfere with the aluminothermic reaction and does not contaminate the metal melt obtained. It is therefore particularly preferred to use finely divided soda lime as an effective, inexpensive and metallurgically indifferent CO 2 binder. In the aluminothermic reaction, the majority of the alkali carbonate evaporates as an oxide, the alkaline earths are absorbed by the slag.

Man kann jedoch das CO2-bindende Mittel separat und C02-durchlässig verpackt in die Verpackungseinheit einlegen. Das C02-bindende Mittel kann in einer Patrone oder einem Beutel aus Papier oder textilem Material verpackt sein. Es ist dann möglich, nach dem öffnen der Verpackung des aluminothermischen Gemisches vor der Reaktion die Patrone oder den Beutel mit dem Mittel, welches das Kohlendioxid absorbiert hat, zu entfernen.However, one can separate the CO 2 binding agents and C0 2 -permeable packaged in the wrapping unit. The C0 2 -binding agent can be packaged in a cartridge or a bag made of paper or textile material. It is then possible, after opening the packaging of the aluminothermic mixture, to remove the cartridge or the bag containing the agent which has absorbed the carbon dioxide before the reaction.

Die Verpackungseinheit für das aluminothermische Gemisch besteht im Regelfall aus einem Sack oder Beutel aus thermoplastischer Kunststoff-Folie der durch Verschweißen in einfacher Weise geschlossen werden kann. Zur Erzielung höherer Festigkeit kann man auch eine Folie verwenden, welche insbesondere außenseitig mit Papier kaschiert ist.The packaging unit for the aluminothermic mixture generally consists of a sack or pouch made of thermoplastic film which can be easily closed by welding. To achieve higher strength, a film can also be used, which is laminated in particular on the outside with paper.

Als Folienmaterial haben sich insbesondere Polyäthylen-Folien einer Dicke von etwa 0,1 bis 0,3 mm bewährt.Polyethylene films with a thickness of approximately 0.1 to 0.3 mm have proven particularly suitable as the film material.

Das folgende Beispiel zeigt eine mögliche Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.The following example shows a possible implementation of the method according to the invention.

Beispielexample

Aus einem Schlauch aus Polyäthylen-Folie wird durch Querverschweißen ein Beutel von 20 cm Breite und 40 cm Länge gebildet. In diesen Beutel werden 10 kg eines aluminothermischen Gemisches aus Eisenoxid, Aluminiumgrieß, Feinstahlgranalien und Manganpulver eingefüllt. Ein Beutel aus Baumwollgewebe mit den Abmessungen 5 x 5 cm, welcher 5 g Natronkalk enthält, wird zusätzlich eingelegt. Die in dieser Verpackungseinheit befindliche Luft wird nun durch Einblasen von C02 entfernt und durch CO2 ersetzt. Anschließend wird der Beutel zugeschweißt und das aluminothermische Gemisch plattenförmig verteilt. Nach einigen Minuten hat sich die Folie so fest um das aluminothermische Gemisch gelegt, daß ein plattenförmiger, starrer Block entstanden ist. Dieser starre Block ist gut in Kisten zu verpacken und zu versenden. Auch nach einer Beobachtungszeit von mehreren Monaten erfolgt keine feststellbare Veränderung der Beschaffenheit des verpackten, starren Gemisches. Am Ort der Anwendung wird die Folie aufgeschnitten und der Beutel mit dem Natronkalk entnommen. Das Gemisch ist wieder rieselfähig und kann wie ursprünglich gemischt in den Gießtiegel geschüttet werden. Die aluminothermische Reaktion verläuft dadurch in der angestrebten Weise und führt zu Reaktionsprodukten definierter Menge und Zusammensetzung.A bag 20 cm wide and 40 cm long is formed by cross welding from a tube made of polyethylene film. 10 kg of an aluminothermic mixture of iron oxide, aluminum powder, fine steel granules and manganese powder are filled into this bag. A bag made of cotton fabric measuring 5 x 5 cm and containing 5 g of soda lime is also inserted. The air in this packaging unit is now removed by blowing in C0 2 and replaced by CO 2 . The bag is then sealed and the aluminothermic mixture is distributed in the form of a plate. After a few minutes, the film has wrapped itself so tightly around the aluminothermic mixture that a plate-shaped, rigid block has formed. This rigid block is easy to pack and send in boxes. Even after an observation period of several months, there is no detectable change in the nature of the packaged, rigid mixture. At the point of use, the film is cut open and the bag with the soda lime removed. The mixture is free-flowing again and can be poured into the pouring pot as originally mixed. The aluminothermic reaction thus proceeds in the desired manner and leads to reaction products of a defined amount and composition.

Claims (6)

1. Verfahren zum Abpacken von aluminothermischen Gemischen unter Ver- hinderung des Entmischens bei Lagerung und Transport, dadurch ge- kennzeichnet, daß man das aluminothermische Gemisch zusammen mit einer geringen Menge eines CO2 bindenden Mittels in eine aus flexibler, im wesentlichen luftdichter Kunststoff-Folie bestehende Verpackungseinheit einfüllt, die in der Verpackungseinheit befindliche Luft durch C02 verdrängt und die Verpackungseinheit in an sich bekannter Weise unter Einschluß eines möglichst geringen CO2-Volumens luftdicht verschließt.1. A process for packaging mixtures with aluminothermic V ER- hindrance of segregation during storage and transport, characterized g e - indicates that the aluminothermic mixture bound together with a small amount of CO 2 in a medium of flexible, airtight plastic substantially - Fills the existing packaging unit, displaces the air in the packaging unit with C0 2 and closes the packaging unit airtight in a manner known per se, including the smallest possible CO 2 volume. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das CO2- bindende Mittel in dem aluminothermischen Gemisch verteilt ist.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the CO 2 - binding agent is distributed in the aluminothermic mixture. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das CO2- bindende Mittel in einem CO2-durchlässigen Behältnis abgepackt in die Verpackungseinheit eingelegt wird.3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the CO 2 binding agent is packaged in a CO 2- permeable container and placed in the packaging unit. 4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das C02- bindende Mittel in einem Beutel aus Papier oder textilem Material in die Verpackungseinheit eingelegt wird.4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the C0 2 - binding agent is placed in a bag made of paper or textile material in the packaging unit. 5. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man als C02-bindendes Mittel Natronkalk verwendet.5. The method according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that soda lime is used as the C0 2 -binding agent. 6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kunststoff-Folie mit Papier kaschiert ist.6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the plastic film is laminated with paper.
EP82102056A 1981-03-25 1982-03-13 Method of packaging alumino-thermic mixtures Withdrawn EP0061637A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3111611A DE3111611C1 (en) 1981-03-25 1981-03-25 Process for preventing segregation of an aluminothermic mixture
DE3111611 1981-03-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0061637A1 true EP0061637A1 (en) 1982-10-06

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EP82102056A Withdrawn EP0061637A1 (en) 1981-03-25 1982-03-13 Method of packaging alumino-thermic mixtures

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EP (1) EP0061637A1 (en)
AU (1) AU8121182A (en)
DE (1) DE3111611C1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA82672B (en)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT269737B (en) * 1965-01-07 1969-03-25 Hoeganaes Ab Container for packaging a metal powder
US3922363A (en) * 1971-03-17 1975-11-25 Japan Foods Storage & Packagin Method for packing free-flowing materials

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH405153A (en) * 1962-07-23 1965-12-31 Hesser Ag Maschf Air-oxygen-free, gas-tight packaging made of flexible packaging material, as well as a method for producing the same
GB1564399A (en) * 1975-10-13 1980-04-10 Unilever Ltd Methods of forming evacuated sealed packs particularly of foods

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT269737B (en) * 1965-01-07 1969-03-25 Hoeganaes Ab Container for packaging a metal powder
US3922363A (en) * 1971-03-17 1975-11-25 Japan Foods Storage & Packagin Method for packing free-flowing materials

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AU8121182A (en) 1982-09-30
ZA82672B (en) 1982-12-29
DE3111611C1 (en) 1982-09-30

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