Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
  • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
  • A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
  • A61B5/024—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse rate or heart rate
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
  • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
  • A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
  • A61B5/021—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels

Definitions

• This value corresponds to the so-called minimum pressure or diastolic pressure. It is noted here that all the pressure pulses, which correspond to the heart pulses, are naturally transmitted by the body to the cuff under the form of small pressure variations.
• Pmax systolic
• Pmin diastolic
• Pmax and Pmin mechanical manometers which are calibrated, for example, in units of mm Hg.
• the determination of Pmax and Pmin could ideally be made directly through the respective determination of the appearance and disappearance of the pressure pulses of the air in the cuff. However due to the inertia and intrinsic mechanical inaccuracies of the manometers these determinations have not yet been made possible with enough precision.
• the counting of the heart beat is also usually taken by the auscultation of the pulses in an artery with an stethoscope and with the use of a timer.
• pressure pulse rate is also usually taken by the auscultation of the pulses in an artery with an stethoscope and with the use of a timer.
• Such systems are said to detect the appearing and desappearing of sound signals (korotkov sounds) and so determine, indirectly, Pmax and Pmin.
• Those systems however, also have serious difficulties, ranging from the need to filter and choose which sounds are the correct ones to the taken into account, because other sounds can interfer, till individual problems whereby there exists, for somehuss, an absence of such sounds in a certain pressure interval.
• the /instrument interface to measure pressure (including systolic and diastolic) and also to count pulse rate, consists in the conventional cuff ( pressure chamber) with a pressure pump and air scape valve, which is connected to the box of the meter only through a flexible tube.
• cuff pressure chamber
• pressure pump and air scape valve which is connected to the box of the meter only through a flexible tube.
• Such an interface is practical and traditional, facilitating the operations of measurements of pressure and pulse rate with the proposed meter.
• the operator can even take this interface (cuff and pump) from his conventional mechanical manometer, and cou ⁇ le it directly to the meter box, proposed here, and also vice-versa - this represents versatility and economy.
• the fragile part of the device,such as transducers and electronic part is contained within the rigid meter box and not in the interface, and this represents less risk of damages during usage.
• the measurements of temperature are rapidly taken, in any part of the body, as the temperature transducer, of low heat capacity and of small dimensions is placed in a small housing of high thermal conductivity and is connected to the meter box through a flexible cable.
• Another objective of the present invention is to take a set of measurements of the parameters of interest (pressure, pulse rate and temperature), to be stored in electronic memories for later usage, such as in statistical averages and in the observation of the evolution of a department or other system under observation.
• parameters of interest pressure, pulse rate and temperature
• a further objective of the present invention is to present the results of measurements of the diverse parameters in a way that allows a better visualization than the conventional sys terns.
• the results can be displayed in the form of numer ical digits, and/or in an analogical form through graphics in paper or TV tube (cathode ray), and the display can also include light and audio signals to indicate preselected levels reached by pressure/temperature or to indicate the existence of pulse signals or still as alarm signals.
• the present system is compact and eliminates the need of the diverse meters tradi ⁇ ionally used to measure pressure, pulse rate and temperature, which are: manometer, stethoscope,timer and the Hg thermometer.
• Figure 1 is a schematic representation, for medical use, of the proposed device, in a block diagram form, and where the mechanical-electronic sensor-transducer proposed for pressure/pulse measurements is indicated by numbers (1) and (10).
• the figure 2 represents in. a more detailed schematic diagram the amplifier circuir shown as block (2) in figure 1.
• Figure 3 is. a schematic diagram of the analog-digital converter shown as block (3) in figure 1.
• Figure 4 is a more detailed diagram of the filter circuit, shown in figure 1 as block (5), and its connection to the counter circuit.
• Figure 5 shows a diagram of the counter circuit shown as block (6) in figure 1.
• Figure 6 is a schematic representation of one of the basic arrangements proposed for measuring temperature.
• Figure 7 is a schematic representation of an alternative proposed arrangement for measuring temperature, where the transducer is a diode.
• the deformation transducer (1) can be connected diretly to the diaphragm, as for example, a strain-gauge glued to the elastic circular and smooth plate of the diaphragm.
• Another example of a configuration that gives good results is obtained- by connecting the deformation transducer to a flexible rectangular metallic plate, anchored to the structure of the meter by one or by both ends, and such that the diaphragm can through direct contact, communicate the pulses of the cuff to the flexible plate.
• the arrangements of the sensor-transducer setup can have configurations dif ferent from the basic one described above and other deformation transducers, besides the strain-gauges, cited above, can be used, as for example, piezoelectric crystals or differential transformers (LVDT).
• LVDT differential transformers
• the systolic pressure (Pmax) corresponds to the pressure value displayed in the display (4) when the pulse signals start after decreasing the pressure in the cuff (12) from the value where there is oclusion of the flux of arterial blood. This starting of the pulses is indicated by light and/or audio signals, as said before.
• RAM Electronic memories
• ⁇ VPROM Electronic memories
• EEPROM Electronic memories
• ADM direct access to the memory
• This enables the system to perform programmed tasks as for example, automatic registration of systolic and diastolic pressures through a system fed in closed loop.
• Critical values of pressure, pulse and temperature can also be indicated by sound and/or light alarm signals, which is very useful in surgical monitoring.
• This also makes possible the interpolation and extrapolation of values of pressure, pulse rate and temperature to follow the clinical evolution of s.
• the pressure and temperature meters can be used in industry and scientific instrumentation, where accurate and fast measurements of these parameters are needed. For non medical use it suffices to modify the already described interface between the device with the object of the measurement.

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• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Cardiology (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
• Physiology (AREA)
• Biophysics (AREA)
• Pathology (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Biomedical Technology (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Medical Informatics (AREA)
• Molecular Biology (AREA)
• Surgery (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Vascular Medicine (AREA)
• Measuring Pulse, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure Or Blood Flow (AREA)

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Citations (4)

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• 1980
  • 1980-09-24 BR BR8006110A patent/BR8006110A/pt unknown
• 1981
  • 1981-09-24 JP JP50315281A patent/JPS57501764A/ja active Pending
  • 1981-09-24 WO PCT/BR1981/000008 patent/WO1982000949A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1981-09-24 EP EP19810902749 patent/EP0060876A4/fr not_active Withdrawn

Patent Citations (4)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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