EP0060238B1 - Ventilspindelabdichtung - Google Patents

Ventilspindelabdichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0060238B1
EP0060238B1 EP82890026A EP82890026A EP0060238B1 EP 0060238 B1 EP0060238 B1 EP 0060238B1 EP 82890026 A EP82890026 A EP 82890026A EP 82890026 A EP82890026 A EP 82890026A EP 0060238 B1 EP0060238 B1 EP 0060238B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
packing
assembly
valve
valve stem
stem
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82890026A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0060238A1 (de
Inventor
Hamid J. Saka
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ACF Industries Inc
Original Assignee
ACF Industries Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ACF Industries Inc filed Critical ACF Industries Inc
Priority to AT82890026T priority Critical patent/ATE16844T1/de
Publication of EP0060238A1 publication Critical patent/EP0060238A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0060238B1 publication Critical patent/EP0060238B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K41/00—Spindle sealings
    • F16K41/02—Spindle sealings with stuffing-box ; Sealing rings
    • F16K41/023—Spindle sealings with stuffing-box ; Sealing rings for spindles which only rotate, i.e. non-rising spindles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/1624—Destructible or deformable element controlled
    • Y10T137/1797—Heat destructible or fusible

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a packing structure for a valve stem extending through a packing chamber in a valve housing, wherein said packing chamber is provided with inner and outer packing stops at the respective ends thereof, said packing structure comprising a first packing assembly positioned within the packing chamber between the valve stem and valve housing in surrounding relation to said valve stem and resting on said inner packing stop, said packing assembly being in sealing contact with the stem and the housing, a rigid spacer member received about the valve stem and positioned within the packing chamber outwardly of said packing assembly and in engagement therewith and a second packing assembly positioned within the packing chamber between the valve stem and valve housing in surrounding relation to said valve stem and outwardly of said spacer member on the lower pressure side of the packing structure so as to be sandwiched between said outer packing stop and said spacer member, said second packing assembly being in sealing contact with the valve stem and valve housing.
  • Packing structures of the above type for the stem of high pressure valves are known from DE-A-2 412 698 and from US-A-4177 998.
  • the former shows above and below a rigid spacer member a first and a second packing assembly comprising chevron or V-type seal rings all of which are pointed downwardly to form an open seal box.
  • the latter shows like arrangements in some of which all of the chevron or V-type seal rings are pointed downwardly while in others the seal rings of the two packing assemblies are oppositely disposed to form a combined closed and open seal box arrangement.
  • the seal rings of both packing assemblies are made of the same high pressure sealing material without paying attention to sealing properties at different temperatures.
  • Valves utilized in pipelines that carry petroleum products are susceptible to exposure to abnormally high temperatures in the event of a fire in the pipeline. It is essential to effective operation that the valve, and in particular the seal between the valve stem and valve body, will not leak under such abnormal operating conditions. Of course, the stem packing must also effectively seal at normal operating temperatures.
  • US-A-3 788 600 relates to a structure which prevents venting of the valve chamber to the atmosphere when there is an excessive pressure build-up
  • US-A-4 082 105 provides .
  • the invention solves the problem in that the first packing assembly is a low temperature assembly being in sealing contact with the stem and the housing at normal temperature conditions of the housing and the second packing assembly is a high temperature assembly being in sealing contact with the valve stem and the housing at normal temperatures of the valve housing and at abnormally high temperature conditions of the valve housing which are destructive to said low temperature packing assembly.
  • the low temperature packing which is closer to the valve chamber and the flow passage may decompose. Then the pressure from the valve chamber acts on the spacer member so that high temperature packing remains in an operable position and is being held in such position. Due to the sequence of arranging the low temperature assembly and the high temperature assembly between the inside and the outside of the valve housing in accordance with the invention, at above normal temperature conditions of the valve body which can be destructive to the low temperature packing assembly, the high temperature packing assembly provides an effective seal between the valve stem and valve body.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view, a portion shown in section, of a nonrising stem type expanding gate valve in which the packing assembly of the invention is utilized;
  • Fig. 2 is a plan view of the packing arrangement used with the gate valve illustrated in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the packing arrangement illustrated in Fig. 2.
  • the gate valve 10 which incorporates the novel packing structure of this invention.
  • the gate valve 10 includes a valve body 12 which has a body cavity 14 formed therein and inlet and outlet flow passages 18, 20 communicating with the valve body cavity 14.
  • the valve body 12 is further provided with flanges 22 and 24 adjacent the inlet and outlet flow passages, respectively and at the outer ends thereof to facilitate connection of the valve in a flowline.
  • a bonnet assembly generally designated as 36 is connected via a lower flange 38 to the valve body 12 by a plurality of bolts 40.
  • the bonnet assembly 36 has a bore 42 formed therethrough, the lower end 46 of which is shaped to define a bonnet cavity 48.
  • the bonnet cavity 48 together with the valve body cavity 14 define a valve chamber 50.
  • bore 42 has an enlarged diameter portion 52 which is provided with internal threads 54 adjacent its upper end.
  • the bore 42 further includes an intermediate diameter portion 56 located adjacent and axially inward of enlarged diameter bore portion 52 towards the valve chamber, thus providing the bore 42 with an annular upward facing shoulder 58.
  • the bore 42 further includes a reduced diameter portion 60 extending from the bottom of the intermediate diameter bore portion 56 as defined by an upwardly facing annular shoulder 62 so as to communicate with the bonnet cavity 48.
  • the bonnet assembly 36 is further provided with a threaded port 64 which extends laterally through the wall of the bonnet assembly 36 into communication with the intermediate bore portion 56. Threaded port 64 accommodates a lubricant fitting 102.
  • the gate valve 10 includes a gate assembly 70 positioned within the valve chamber 50 for reciprocal up and down movement between open and closed positions relative to the flow passages 18 and 20.
  • the gate assembly 70 is moved by selective rotation of the valve stem 72 which extends from the gate assembly through the bonnet bore 42 and an opening 100 in retainer 98 which is threadedly connected in the upper end of the bore 42.
  • the valve stem 72 is provided at its upper end with a handle 90 and at its lower end if threaded so as to be received within the correspondingly threaded bore which is formed in an upwardly directed extension 86 of the gate member 78.
  • valve stem 72 is also provided with a collar 92 which is mediately disposed between upper and iower thrust bearings 94 and 96, respectively, contained within the enlarged diameter bore portion 52.
  • the gate assembly 70 is moved up or down relative thereto and depending on the selected direction of rotation effects an opening or closing of the gate valve 10 as is desired.
  • the gate assembly 70 includes, in addition to the gate member 78, a segment 80 which is disposed adjacent the inlet flow passage 18.
  • the gate member 78 is provided with a V-shaped recess which receives the V-shaped face of the segment 80 for cooperative engagement therewith.
  • a pair of curved springs 82 engage pins on opposite sides of the gate 78 and segment 80 in a manner to continuously urge the gate 78 and segment 80 towards one another and therefore biasing the gate assembly toward a collapsed condition.
  • upper and lower stops place a limit to the upward and downward movement of the segment.
  • the upper stop is the inside surface of the bonnet and the lower stop is the bottom of the valve chamber.
  • the outwardly facing sides of the gate and segment are planar surfaces which continually remain parallel to one another and perpendicular to the flow passages for all positions of the gate assembly.
  • these planar surfaces of the gate and segment are disposed in sealing engagement with valve seats 110, one of which is located in each annular seat pocket 26, 28 formed about the inlet and outlet flow passages through the valve and opening to the valve body cavity.
  • valve seats 110 one of which is located in each annular seat pocket 26, 28 formed about the inlet and outlet flow passages through the valve and opening to the valve body cavity.
  • a "fire-safe" packing arrangement generally designated 104 and representing a preferred embodiment of the invention is positioned within intermediate diameter bore portion 56 so as to be sandwiched between an upper barrier comprised of a packing retainer 106, which is seated on the bore shoulder 58, and a lower barrier provided by the annular shoulder 62.
  • stem packing arrangement 104 is generally comprised of a low temperature packing assembly generally designated as 112, a high temperature packing assembly generally designated 114, and a spacer ring 116 which separates the high and low temperature packing assemblies.
  • Low temperature packing assembly 112 includes a lower adapter ring 118.
  • the adapter ring 118 is made of an elastomeric material, and has a V-shaped upper surface 120 and a flat lower surface 122 which rests on inner annular shoulder 62.
  • a first V-type seal or packing ring 126 is also made of an elastomeric material. "Viton" asbestos is one such material which is suitable.
  • the packing ring 126 is provided with an upper V-shaped face 128 and a lower V-shaped recess 130 and is positioned axially outward of lower adapter ring 118, i.e., it is further from the flow passage than adapter ring 118, so that V-shaped recess 130 fits upon V-shaped upper surface 120 of lower adapter ring 118.
  • a second V-type seal or packing ring 132 also made of similar elastomeric material and having an upper V-shaped face 134 and a lower V-shaped recess 136 is positioned axially outward of first packing ring 126 so that V-shaped recess 136 fits upon V-shaped face 128.
  • Lower adapter 118, and first and second packing rings 126 and 132 together comprise the low temperature packing assembly 112. It is to be understood that a greater or lesser number of packing rings, such as rings 126,132, can be used depending on the pressures expected.
  • Spacer ring 116 which is made of steel, such as 4140 alloy steel or stainless steel, has upper and lower enlarged diameter portions 138 and 140 at the opposite ends thereof joined by a mediate reduced diameter portion 142 which is formed by an external annular recess 143 in the outer wall of the spacer ring.
  • Lower ring portion 140 has a V-shaped recess 144 in the free end thereof which faces downward and rests upon upper V-shaped face 134 of second packing ring 132.
  • Upper ring portion 138 has a V-shaped upper face 148 at the free end thereof.
  • Mediate portion 142 has a plurality of radial apertures 146 which extends radially inward from the external annular recess 143 to an internal annular recess 145 which communicates with the central opening through the spacer ring.
  • the radial aperture 146 provides communication between valve stem 72 and fitting port 64 which is axially aligned with one of the radial apertures.
  • the high temperature packing assembly 114 is comprised of a trio of identical high temperature sealing or packing rings 152 each having a V-shaped face 154 on the upper face thereof and a V-shaped recess 156 in the bottom face thereof.
  • High temperature packing rings 152 which could be more or less than three in number depending on the properties required for expected operating conditions, are fitted together so as to form a stack with the V-shaped recess 156 of the bottommost ring 152 resting on V-shaped face 148 of upper enlarged diameter portion 138 of spacer ring 116.
  • Each high temperature packing ring 152 is a laminated structure of graphite sheets and a metallic mesh sheet. Further details of this laminated ring structure will be discussed hereinafter.
  • upper packing steel retainer 106 has an annular body 162 with a central aperture 164 therein through which valve stem 72 passes.
  • a flange 166 extends radially outward of body 162 and defines top and bottom flange surfaces, 168 and 170, respectively.
  • the bottom of body 162 has an annular V-shaped recess 172 therein.
  • Upper packing retainer 106 is positioned so that its bottom flange surface 170 rests on the annular shoulder 58 in the bonnet bore 42 and V-shaped recess 172 rests on V-shaped face 154 of the uppermost high temperature packing ring 152.
  • Each high temperature packing ring 152 is a laminated structure formed from a plurality of flexible graphite sheets 174 and a metallic mesh sheet of interwoven stainless steel wire 176.
  • the metallic mesh sheet 176 is contained between the graphite sheets 174 and acts to reinforce the high temperature packing ring 152 and give the ring lip strength.
  • the number of graphite sheets 174 and the specific weave and gauge of wire of the metallic mesh sheet may vary depending upon the specific properties desired, such as lip strength.
  • the stem packing arrangement 104 Prior to operation, the stem packing arrangement 104 must be energised in order to effect an adequate seal between the bonnet and valve stem 72. Accordingly, an injectible graphite packing material 200 is injected under high pressure, e.g. 276 bar (4,000 psi), into the stem packing arrangement 104 through port 64 by means of fitting 102 to energize both high and low temperature packing assemblies 114 and 112.
  • high pressure e.g. 276 bar (4,000 psi)
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,162,078 issued on July 24,1979 to Cox shows an injectible graphite packing which would provide adequate performance characteristics if utilized with applicant's invention.
  • both low temperature packing assembly 112 and high temperature packing assembly 114 effect a seal between valve stem 72 and the bonnet bore.
  • the sealing effectiveness of low temperature packing assembly 112 decreases since elastomeric packing rings 126 and 132 begin to soften about 250°F (121°C) and cannot withstand temperatures above approximately 300°F (149°C).
  • the high temperature packing assembly 114 with its high temperature packing rings 152 maintains its sealing effectiveness through very high temperatures far in excess of 1000°F (538°C).
  • the graphite composition of high temperature packings rings 152 provides adequate high temperature sealing characteristics, and the metallic mesh sheet 176 provides sufficient rigidity so that high temperature packing rings 152 maintain their shape.
  • the injectible graphite packing 200 provides secondary sealing and lubricating characteristics at both normal and high operating temperatures. The greater durability and memory of the elastomeric low. temperature packing assembly 112 makes it more desirable as a low temperature packing than the laminated graphite and metallic structure of high temperature packing assembly 114.
  • the low temperature packing assembly be positioned axially inward of the high temperature packing assembly with respect to the flow passages 18, 20, that is, closer to the valve chamber and the flow passage. Since the low temperature packing assembly decomposes when it reaches a temperature somewhat above the expected normal operating temperature, the pressure from the valve chamber then acts on the spacer ring so that the high temperature packing assembly remains in an operable position and is in fact held in this operable position by the pressure from the valve chamber. If the high temperature packing assembly was positioned axially inward of the low temperature packing assembly, upon the low temperature packing assembly reaching its decomposition temperature it would decompose, and the high temperature packing assembly would be left unsupported against the pressure from the valve chamber. The probable result would be that the pressure from the valve chamber would distort the high pressure packing to such a degree that it would not provide effective sealing properties.
  • a new and improved packing structure is disclosed herein which is particularly adapted as a "fire-safe" packing for sealing between a valve stem and valve housing at both low temperature normal operating conditions and also at abnormal high temperature conditions as might result from a fire. While the invention has been illustrated with respect to a non-rising stem valve wherein the valve stem is limited to only rotary movement about its axis, the unique packing structure of the invention also has applicability to rising stem valves wherein the valve stem is subjected to longitudinal movement for opening or closing the valve.

Claims (5)

1. Ventilspindelabdichtung für eine sich durch eine Packungskammer in einem Ventilgehäuse hindurcherstreckende Ventilspindel (72), wobei die Packungskammer an ihren Enden mit inneren und äußeren Packungsanschlägen (62, 106) ausgestattet ist und die Ventilspindelabdichtung eine innerhalb der Packungskammer zwischen der Ventilspindel und dem Ventilgehäuse angeordnete, die Ventilspindel umschließende, am inneren Packungsanschlag anliegende und dichtend an der Ventilspindel und am Ventilgehäuse anliegende erste Packungsanordnung (112), einen innerhalb der Packungskammer auswärts der Packungsanordnung angeordneten und daran anliegenden und die Ventilspindel (72) umgebenden starren Abstandshalter (116) und eine innerhalb der Packungskammer zwischen der Ventilspindel (72) und dem Ventilgehäuse angeordnete und die Ventilspindel umgebende und auswärts des Abstandshalters (116) an der Niederdruckseite der Ventilspindelabdichtung so angeordnete zweite Packungsanordnung (144) aufweist, daß sie zwischen dem äußeren Packungsanschlag und dem Abstandshalter liegt, wobei die zweite Packungsanordnung an der Ventilspindel und am Ventilgehäuse dichtend anliegt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die erste Packungsanordnung (112) eine bei normalen Temperaturbedingungen des Ventilgehäuses dichtend an der Ventilspindel (72) und am Ventilgehäuse anliegende Niedertemperaturanordnung ist und daß die zweite Packungsanordnung (114) eine bei normalen Temperaturen des Ventilgehäuses und bei abnormal hohen, für die Niedertemperaturpackungsanordnung zerstörend wirkenden Temperaturbedingungen des Ventilgehäuses dichtend an der Ventilspindel (72) und am Ventilgehäuse anliegenden Hochtemperaturanordnung ist.
2. Ventilspindelabdichtung nach Anspruch 1, worin die Niedertemperaturpackungsanordnung (112) Schichten (126, 132) aus elastomerem Material aufweist.
3. Ventilspindelabdichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, worin die Hochtemperaturpackungsanordnung (114), mehrere aneinandergereihte Packungsringe (152) aufweist, von welchem jeder ein von mehreren Graphitscheiben (174) und einer Metallnetzscheibe (176) gebildeter Schichtkörper ist.
4. Ventilspindelabdichtung nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, worin das elastomere Material in der Niedertemperaturpackungsanordnung (112) eine Zersetzungstemperatur von etwa 149°C besitzt.
5. Ventilspindelabdichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, worin der Abstandshalter (116), ein metallischer Schieberring ist, der mit einer inneren, der Ventilspindel (72) benachbarten ringförmigen Ausnehmung (145) und einer radial hiezu angeordneten äußeren ringförmigen Ausnehmung (143) versehen ist, um am Abstandhalter einen Abschnitt (142) verringerter Dicke auszubilden, wobei der Abschnitt (142) verringerter Dicke eine oder mehrere radiale Öffnungen (146) aufweist, die die innere Ausnehmung (145) mit der äußeren Ausnehmung (143) verbindet bzw. verbinden, wobei in Verbindung mit diesen ringförmigen Ausnehmung (143, 145) ein Fitting (102) zum Einführen von Graphitpackungsmaterial zum Aktivieren und Schmieren der Niedertemperatur- und Hochtemperaturpackungsanordnung (112, 114) und zum Schaffen einer Zusatzdichtung in den Bereich zwischen der inneren ringförmigen Ausnehmung (145) bzw. der äußeren ringförmigen Ausnehmung (143) und der Ventilspindel (72) bzw. dem Ventilgehäuse vorgesehen ist.
EP82890026A 1981-03-05 1982-02-19 Ventilspindelabdichtung Expired EP0060238B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82890026T ATE16844T1 (de) 1981-03-05 1982-02-19 Ventilspindelabdichtung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US06/240,700 US4379557A (en) 1981-03-05 1981-03-05 Valve stem packing structure
US240700 1981-03-05

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0060238A1 EP0060238A1 (de) 1982-09-15
EP0060238B1 true EP0060238B1 (de) 1985-12-04

Family

ID=22907583

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82890026A Expired EP0060238B1 (de) 1981-03-05 1982-02-19 Ventilspindelabdichtung

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4379557A (de)
EP (1) EP0060238B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS57161385A (de)
AT (1) ATE16844T1 (de)
AU (1) AU551106B2 (de)
CA (1) CA1158625A (de)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4379557A (en) 1983-04-12
AU8015082A (en) 1982-09-09
JPH0124953B2 (de) 1989-05-15
EP0060238A1 (de) 1982-09-15
ATE16844T1 (de) 1985-12-15
AU551106B2 (en) 1986-04-17
JPS57161385A (en) 1982-10-04
CA1158625A (en) 1983-12-13

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PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

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