EP0058386A1 - Mandrel and Method of pressure-sealed installation of a tube in a tube sheet or the like - Google Patents

Mandrel and Method of pressure-sealed installation of a tube in a tube sheet or the like Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0058386A1
EP0058386A1 EP82100963A EP82100963A EP0058386A1 EP 0058386 A1 EP0058386 A1 EP 0058386A1 EP 82100963 A EP82100963 A EP 82100963A EP 82100963 A EP82100963 A EP 82100963A EP 0058386 A1 EP0058386 A1 EP 0058386A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mandrel
pressure
tube
pressure build
pipe
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Granted
Application number
EP82100963A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0058386B1 (en
Inventor
Wilfried Busse
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BUSSE, WILFRIED
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Individual
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Priority to AT82100963T priority Critical patent/ATE19968T1/en
Publication of EP0058386A1 publication Critical patent/EP0058386A1/en
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Publication of EP0058386B1 publication Critical patent/EP0058386B1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
    • B21D39/08—Tube expanders
    • B21D39/20—Tube expanders with mandrels, e.g. expandable
    • B21D39/203—Tube expanders with mandrels, e.g. expandable expandable by fluid or elastic material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
    • F28F9/16—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
    • Y10T29/49373—Tube joint and tube plate structure
    • Y10T29/49375—Tube joint and tube plate structure including conduit expansion or inflation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49805—Shaping by direct application of fluent pressure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
    • Y10T29/49938—Radially expanding part in cavity, aperture, or hollow body
    • Y10T29/4994—Radially expanding internal tube

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the pressure-tight fastening of a tube in a tube sheet or the like, wherein the tube end of the tube to be attached is inserted with play into a bore in the tube sheet, a pressure build-up mandrel is introduced into the tube end of the tube to be attached, the outside diameter of which is smaller is the inside diameter of the pipe end, the cavity between the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened and the pressure build-up mandrel at the two ends of an expansion area - with the help of.
  • the invention thus relates to a method which has long been known as "hydraulic expansion of pipes” (cf., for example, DE-OS 19 39 105 and the essay by M. Podhorsky and H. Krips "Hydraulic expansion of Tubes "in VGB KRAFTWERKSTECHNIK, issue 1/1979, pages 81 to 87).
  • the pressure build-up mandrel is introduced with play into the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened and the cavity between the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened and the pressure build-up mandrel only after Inserting the pressure build-up mandrel sealed in the pipe end.
  • the seals are mechanically enlarged after the introduction of the pressure build-up mandrel into the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened, namely via clamping cones, so that it leads to the desired and required sealing of the cavity between the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened and the in this pipe end inserted pressure build mandrel comes.
  • the outer diameter of the seals of the pressure build-up mandrel must be in proportion If minus tolerances of the inside diameter of the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened and plus tolerances of the seals of the pressure build-up mandrel occur, the outside diameter of the seals of the pressure build-up mandrel is no longer "slightly", but considerably larger than the inside diameter of the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to design and further develop the method described above so that the problem of sealing the cavity between the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened and the pressure build-up mandrel is better solved.
  • the inventive method for pressure-tight fastening of a pipe in a tube sheet or the like in which the above-described object is achieved, is initially and essentially characterized in that for the purpose of sealing the cavity between the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened and the pressure build-up mandrel, the seals are acted upon with the pressure fluid, and expediently such that a force acting radially outward is exerted on the seals by the pressure fluid.
  • the pressure build-up mandrel is introduced with play into the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened and the cavity between the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened and the pressure build-up mandrel only after the pressure build-up mandrel has been introduced into the pipe end sealed, namely in that the force for radially enlarging the seals of the pressure build-up mandrel and thus for sealing the cavity between the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened and the pressure build-up mandrel is derived from the hydraulic fluid, the "actual task" of which is to expand the pipe end of the fastening pipe.
  • the pressure fluid is supplied first at a first flow rate and then at a second flow rate, the first flow rate being so low that the cavity between the pipe end is sealed fastening pipe and the pressure build-up mandrel does not yet take place, while the second flow rate is so great that the cavity between the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened and the pressure build-up mandrel is sealed. If pressure fluid is supplied to the cavity between the tube end of the tube to be fastened and the pressure build-up mandrel via the pressure medium supply at the first flow rate, then the pressure fluid flowing into the cavity first displaces the air in the cavity; the cavity is thus vented.
  • the pressure drop behind the point at which the seals are acted upon by the hydraulic fluid is so small that the force exerted on the seals by the hydraulic fluid is not sufficient to tension the seals so that the cavity is sealed between the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened and the pressure build-up mandrel.
  • the flow rate of the hydraulic fluid increased, the pressure drop behind the point at which the seals are acted upon by the hydraulic fluid is so great that the force exerted by the hydraulic fluid on the seals is sufficient to tension the seals so that a seal of the cavity between the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened and the pressure build-up mandrel.
  • the invention also relates to a pressure build-up mandrel for carrying out the method according to the invention, with a pressure medium supply that preferably starts centrally and preferably runs out radially and with at least two seals provided in corresponding annular seal receiving grooves, which is characterized in that the seal receiving grooves are each connected to the pressure medium supply by at least one pressure medium connection are connected.
  • the outside diameter of the seals is preferably smaller than the outside diameter of the pressure build-up mandrel without the seals being acted upon by the pressure fluid.
  • the single figure shows a section through a tube sheet 1, in which a tube 2 is to be attached in a pressure-tight manner.
  • the tube end 3 of the tube 2 is inserted with play into a bore 4 in the tube sheet.
  • a pressure build-up mandrel 5 is introduced into the pipe end 3 of the pipe 2 to be fastened. the outside diameter of which is smaller than the inside diameter of the pipe 3.
  • the cavity 6 between the pipe end 3 of the pipe 2 to be fastened and the pressure build-up mandrel 5 is sealed at both ends of an expansion area 7 with the aid of two seals 8.
  • a pressure fluid is supplied to the cavity 6 via a pressure medium feed 9 which runs through the pressure build-up mandrel 5 and opens into the cavity 6 between the pipe end 3 of the pipe 2 to be fastened and the pressure build-up mandrel 5.
  • the pressure build-up mandrel 5 has, in addition to the pressure medium supply 9, which begins centrally and runs out radially, two annular seal receiving grooves 10 in which the seals 8 are provided.
  • the seal receiving grooves 10 are each connected to the pressure medium feed 9 by a pressure medium connection 11.
  • the outside diameter of the seals 8 is smaller than the outside diameter of the pressure build-up mandrel 5.
  • the pressure build-up mandrel 5 has been introduced into the pipe end 3 of the pipe 2 to be fastened with play.
  • the seals 8 are acted upon by the pressure fluid, in such a way that a force acting radially outwards is exerted on the seals 8 by the pressure fluid.
  • the hydraulic fluid is first supplied at a first flow rate and then at a second flow rate, the first flow rate being so low that the cavity 6 between the pipe end 3 of the pipe 2 to be fastened and the pressure build-up mandrel 5 does not yet seal while the second flow rate is so great that the cavity 6 is sealed.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
  • Flanged Joints, Insulating Joints, And Other Joints (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Gripping On Spindles (AREA)
  • Pipe Accessories (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Sealing Devices (AREA)

Abstract

A tube end received in a bore of a tube sheet is expanded by introducing a mandrel into the tube end and utilizing fluid pressure to bias a pair of sealing rings outwardly to engagement with a tube end, thereby sealing off the clearance between the mandrel and the tube end. In addition to utilizing the fluid pressure to provide the sealing action, the invention admits the fluid pressure into the clearance and thereby expands the tube end.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur druckdichten Befestigung eines Rohres in einem Rohrboden o. dgl., wobei das Rohrende des zu befestigenden Rohres mit Spiel in eine Bohrung des Rohrbodens eingesetzt wird, in das Rohrende des zu befestigenden Rohres ein Druckaufbaudorn eingebracht wird, dessen Außendurchmesser kleiner ist als der Innendurchmesser des Rohrendes, der Hohlraum zwischen dem Rohrende des zu befestigenden Rohres und dem Druckaufbaudorn an den beiden Enden eines Aufweitbereiches - mit Hilfe von. mindestens zwei Dichtungen - abgedichtet wird und über mindestens eine durch den Druckaufbaudorn geführte und in den Hohlraum zwischen dem Rohrende des zu befestigenden Rohres und dem Druckaufbaudorn mündende Druckmittelzuführung dem Hohlraum eine Druckflüssigkeit zugeführt wird. Gegenstand der Erfindung ist also ein Verfahren, das als "hydraulisches Aufweiten von Rohren" schon seit langem bekannt ist (vgl. z. B. die DE-OS 19 39 105 und den Aufsatz von M. Podhorsky und H. Krips "Hydraulisches Aufweiten von Rohren" in VGB KRAFTWERKSTECHNIK, Heft 1/1979, Seiten 81 bis 87).The invention relates to a method for the pressure-tight fastening of a tube in a tube sheet or the like, wherein the tube end of the tube to be attached is inserted with play into a bore in the tube sheet, a pressure build-up mandrel is introduced into the tube end of the tube to be attached, the outside diameter of which is smaller is the inside diameter of the pipe end, the cavity between the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened and the pressure build-up mandrel at the two ends of an expansion area - with the help of. at least two seals - is sealed and a pressure fluid is supplied to the cavity via at least one pressure medium supply which is guided through the pressure build-up mandrel and opens into the cavity between the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened and the pressure build-up mandrel. The invention thus relates to a method which has long been known as "hydraulic expansion of pipes" (cf., for example, DE-OS 19 39 105 and the essay by M. Podhorsky and H. Krips "Hydraulic expansion of Tubes "in VGB KRAFTWERKSTECHNIK, issue 1/1979, pages 81 to 87).

Der druckdichten Befestigung von Rohren in Rohrböden o. dgl., z. B. der Wärmetauscherrohre in den Rohrböden von Wärmetauschern, kommt eine enorme wirtschaftliche Bedeutung zu. Über mehrere Jahrzehnte hinweg ist als Verfahren dazu das "mechanische Einwalzen" angewendet worden, das jedoch sehr aufwendig ist und nicht zu hinreichend exakt berechenbaren Ergebnissen führt (vgl. M. Podhorsky und H. Krips "Hydraulisches Aufweiten von Rohren", aa0.) Gegenüber dem "mechanischen Einwalzen" ist das "hydraulische Aufweiten" mit einer Vielzahl von Vorteilen verbunden (vgl. M. Podhorsky und H. Krips "Hydraulisches Aufweiten von Rohren", aa0).The pressure-tight fastening of tubes in tube sheets or the like, z. B. the heat exchanger tubes in the tube sheets of heat exchangers, is of enormous economic importance. For several decades, "mechanical rolling" has been used as a method, but this is very complex and does not lead to results that can be calculated with sufficient accuracy (cf. M. Podhorsky and H. Krips "Hydraulic expansion of pipes", loc. Cit.) "Mechanical rolling" is associated with "hydraulic expansion" with a number of advantages (see M. Podhorsky and H. Krips "Hydraulic expansion of pipes", loc. cit.).

Ein besonderes Problem bei der praktischen Durchführung des in Rede stehenden Verfahrens zur druckdichten Befestigung eines Rohres in einem Rohrboden o. dgl., also des "hydraulischen Aufweitens" besteht in der Abdichtung des Hohlraumes zwischen dem Rohrende des zu befestigenden Rohres und dem Druckaufbaudorn. Insoweit sind verschiedene Lösungen bekannt.A particular problem in the practical implementation of the method in question for the pressure-tight fastening of a pipe in a tube sheet or the like, that is to say the "hydraulic expansion", consists in the sealing of the cavity between the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened and the pressure build-up mandrel. In this respect, various solutions are known.

Bei dem Verfahren, von dem die Erfindung ausgeht (vgl. die DE-OS 19 39 105), wird der Druckaufbaudorn mit Spiel in das Rohrende des zu befestigenden Rohres eingebracht und der Hohlraum zwischen dem Rohrende des zu befestigenden Rohres und dem Druckaufbaudorn erst nach dem Einbringen des Druckaufbaudornes in das Rohrende abgedichtet. Im einzelnen werden dabei die Dichtungen nach dem Einbringen des Druckaufbaudornes in das Rohrende des zu befestigenden Rohres mechanisch, nämlich über Spannkonen, in radialer Richtung vergrößert, so daß es zu der gewollten und erforderlichen Abdichtung des Hohlraumes zwischen dem Rohrende des zu befestigenden Rohres und dem in dieses Rohrende eingebrachten Druckaufbaudorn kommt. Diese Art der Abdichtung des Hohlraumes zwischen dem Rohrende des zu befestigenden Rohres und dem in dieses Rohrende eingebrachten Druckaufbaudorn ist insoweit nachteilig, als nach dem Einbringen des Druckaufbaudornes in das Rohrende des zu befestigenden Rohres mindestens ein Spannkonus in axialer Richtung eingestellt werden muß, was natürlich relativ zeitaufwendig ist.In the method from which the invention is based (cf. DE-OS 19 39 105), the pressure build-up mandrel is introduced with play into the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened and the cavity between the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened and the pressure build-up mandrel only after Inserting the pressure build-up mandrel sealed in the pipe end. In detail, the seals are mechanically enlarged after the introduction of the pressure build-up mandrel into the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened, namely via clamping cones, so that it leads to the desired and required sealing of the cavity between the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened and the in this pipe end inserted pressure build mandrel comes. This type of sealing of the cavity between the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened and the pressure build-up mandrel introduced into this pipe end is disadvantageous insofar as after the introduction of the pressure build-up mandrel into the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened, at least one clamping cone must be set in the axial direction, which of course is relative is time consuming.

Im übrigen ist eine Art des "hydraulischen Aufweitens" bekannt (vgl. die DE-OS 24 00 148), bei der die Dichtungen, mit denen der Druckaufbaudorn versehen ist, von vornherein einen Außendurchmesser haben, der "geringfügig" größer ist als der Innendurchmesser des Rohrendes des zu befestigenden Rohres, bei der also der Druckaufbaudorn nur durch eine nicht unerhebliche Kraft in axialer Richtung in das Rohrende des zu befestigenden Rohres eingebracht werden kann. (Um trotz möglicher Plustoleranzen des Innendurchmessers des Rohrendes des zu befestigenden Rohres und möglicher Minustoleranzen des Außendurchmessers der Dichtungen des Druckaufbaudornes noch eine sichere Abdichtung des Hohlraumes zwischen dem Rohrende des zu befestigenden Rohres und dem Druckaufbaudorn zu gewährleisten, muß der Außendurchmesser der Dichtungen des Druckaufbaudornes im Verhältnis zum Innendurchmesser des Rohrendes des zu befestigenden Rohres entsprechend gewählt werden. Treten dann Minustoleranzen des Innendurchmessers des Rohrendes des zu befestigenden Rohres und Plustoleranzen der Dichtungen des Druckaufbaudornes auf, so ist der Außendurchmesser der Dichtungen des Druckaufbaudornes nicht mehr "geringfügig", sondern erheblich größer als der Innendurchmesser des Rohrendes des zu befestigenden Rohres. Die Folge davon ist, daß einerseits eine ganz erhebliche Kraft in axialer Richtung aufgebracht werden muß, um den Druckaufbaudorn in das Rohrende des zu befestigenden Rohres einzubringen, daß andererseits die Dichtungen des Druckaufbaudornes beim Einbringen des Druckaufbaudornes in das Rohrende des zu befestigenden Rohres beschädigt werden.) Nachteilig ist.dabei außerdem, daß der Hohlraum zwischen dem Rohrende des zu befestigenden Rohres und dem Druckaufbaudorn vor dem Zuführen der Druckflüssigkeit nicht entlüftet werden kann, so daß die eingeschlossene Luft extrem stark komprimiert wird, - mit allen Gefahren, die damit verbunden sein können.For the rest, a type of "hydraulic expansion" is known (see. DE-OS 24 00 148), in which the seals with which the pressure build-up mandrel is provided have an outer diameter from the start that is "slightly" larger than the inner diameter of the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened, in which case the pressure build-up mandrel can only be introduced into the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened by a not inconsiderable force in the axial direction. (In order to ensure a safe seal of the cavity between the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened and the pressure build-up mandrel, despite possible plus tolerances of the inner diameter of the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened and possible minus tolerances of the outer diameter of the seals of the pressure build-up mandrel, the outer diameter of the seals of the pressure build-up mandrel must be in proportion If minus tolerances of the inside diameter of the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened and plus tolerances of the seals of the pressure build-up mandrel occur, the outside diameter of the seals of the pressure build-up mandrel is no longer "slightly", but considerably larger than the inside diameter of the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened. The result of this is that on the one hand a very considerable force must be applied in the axial direction in order to introduce the pressure build-up mandrel into the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened, and on the other hand the seals of the pressure build-up mandrel are damaged when the pressure build-up mandrel is introduced into the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened. ) It is also a disadvantage that the cavity between the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened and the pressure build-up mandrel cannot be vented before the pressure fluid is supplied, so that the trapped air is extremely strongly compressed, with all the dangers that can be associated with it .

Der Erfindung liegt folglich die Aufgabe zugrunde, das eingangs beschriebene Verfahren so auszugestalten und weiterzubilden, daß das Problem der Abdichtung des Hohlraumes zwischen dem Rohrende des zu befestigenden Rohres und dem Druckaufbaudorn besser gelöst ist.The invention is therefore based on the object to design and further develop the method described above so that the problem of sealing the cavity between the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened and the pressure build-up mandrel is better solved.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur druckdichten Befestigung eines Rohres in einem Rohrboden o. dgl., bei dem die zuvor dargelegte Aufgabe gelöst ist, ist zunächst und im wesentlichen dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwecks Abdichtung des Hohlraumes zwischen dem Rohrende des zu befestigenden Rohres und dem Druckaufbaudorn die Dichtungen mit der Druckflüssigkeit beaufschlagt werden, und zwar zweckmäßigerweise so, daß durch die Druckflüssigkeit auf die Dichtungen eine radial nach außen wirkende Kraft ausgeübt wird. Erfindungsgemäß wird also, wie im Stand der Technik, von dem die Erfindung ausgeht, der Druckaufbaudorn mit Spiel in das Rohrende des zu befestigenden Rohres eingebracht und der Hohlraum zwischen dem Rohrende des zu befestigenden Rohres und dem Druckaufbaudorn erst nach dem Einbringen des Druckaufbaudornes in das Rohrende abgedichtet, und zwar dadurch, daß die Kraft zur radialen Vergrößerung der Dichtungen des Druckaufbaudornes und damit zur Abdichtung des Hohlraumes zwischen dem Rohrende des zu befestigenden Rohres und dem Druckaufbaudorn aus der Druckflüssigkeit abgeleitet wird, deren "eigentliche Aufgabe" das Aufweiten des Rohrendes des zu-befestigenden Rohres ist. Einerseits bedarf es also bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren nicht einer mechanischen Einstellung eines Spannkonus, - wie im Stand der Technik, von dem die Erfindung ausgeht, andererseits treten aber auch die Probleme nicht auf, die dann auftreten, wenn die Dichtungen des Druckaufbaudornes von vornherein einen Außendurchmesser haben, der größer ist als der Innendurchmesser des Rohrendes des zu befestigenden Rohres, der Druckaufbaudorn also nur durch eine nicht unerhebliche Kraft in axialer Richtung in das Rohrende des zu befestigenden Rohres eingebracht werden kann.The inventive method for pressure-tight fastening of a pipe in a tube sheet or the like, in which the above-described object is achieved, is initially and essentially characterized in that for the purpose of sealing the cavity between the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened and the pressure build-up mandrel, the seals are acted upon with the pressure fluid, and expediently such that a force acting radially outward is exerted on the seals by the pressure fluid. According to the invention, as in the prior art from which the invention is based, the pressure build-up mandrel is introduced with play into the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened and the cavity between the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened and the pressure build-up mandrel only after the pressure build-up mandrel has been introduced into the pipe end sealed, namely in that the force for radially enlarging the seals of the pressure build-up mandrel and thus for sealing the cavity between the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened and the pressure build-up mandrel is derived from the hydraulic fluid, the "actual task" of which is to expand the pipe end of the fastening pipe. On the one hand, it requires fiction According to the method not a mechanical adjustment of a clamping cone, as in the prior art from which the invention is based, on the other hand, the problems that occur when the seals of the pressure build-up mandrel have an outer diameter which is larger than the inside diameter of the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened, that is to say the pressure build-up mandrel can only be introduced into the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened by a not inconsiderable force in the axial direction.

Es gibt nun verschiedene Möglichkeiten, die zuvor erläuterte grundsätzliche Lehre der Erfindung im einzelnen zu realisieren sowie auszugestalten und weiterzubilden, was im folgenden nur beispielhaft erläutert werden soll.There are now various possibilities for implementing the previously explained basic teaching of the invention in detail, as well as for developing and developing it, which will only be explained below by way of example.

Besondere Bedeutung kommt einer Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zu, die dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß die Druckflüssigkeit zuerst mit einer ersten Strömungsgeschwindigkeit und dann mit einer zweiten Strömungsgeschwindigkeit zugeführt wird, wobei die erste Strömungsgeschwindigkeit so gering ist, daß eine Abdichtung des Hohlraumes zwischen dem Rohrende des zu befestigenden Rohres und dem Druckaufbaudorn noch nicht stattfindet, während die zweite Strömungsgeschwindigkeit so groß ist, daß eine Abdichtung des Hohlraumes zwischen dem Rohrende des zu befestigenden Rohres und dem Druckaufbaudorn stattfindet. Wird dem Hohlraum zwischen dem Rohrende des zu befestigenden Rohres und dem Druckaufbaudorn über die Druckmittelzuführung Druckflüssigkeit mit der ersten Strömungsgeschwindigkeit zugeführt, dann verdrängt die in den Hohlraum einströmende Druckflüssigkeit zuerst die in dem Hohlraum befindliche Luft; der Hohlraum wird also entlüftet. Wegen der geringen Strömungsgeschwindigkeit der Druckflüssigkeit ist der Druckabfall hinter der Stelle, an der die Dichtungen mit der Druckflüssigkeit beaufschlagt werden, so gering, daß die durch die Druckflüssigkeit auf die Dichtungen ausgeübte Kraft nicht ausreicht, die Dichtungen so zu spannen, daß eine Abdichtung des Hohlraumes zwischen dem Rohrende des zu befestigenden Rohres und dem Druckaufbaudorn stattfindet. Wird nun die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit der Druckflüssigkeit erhöht, so ist der Druckabfall hinter der Stelle, an der die Dichtungen mit der Druckflüssigkeit beaufschlagt werden, so groß, daß die durch die Druckflüssigkeit auf die Dichtungen ausgeübte Kraft ausreicht, die Dichtungen nunmehr so zu spannen, daß eine Abdichtung des Hohlraumes zwischen dem Rohrende des zu befestigenden Rohres und dem Druckaufbaudorn stattfindet.Of particular importance is an embodiment of the method according to the invention, which is characterized in that the pressure fluid is supplied first at a first flow rate and then at a second flow rate, the first flow rate being so low that the cavity between the pipe end is sealed fastening pipe and the pressure build-up mandrel does not yet take place, while the second flow rate is so great that the cavity between the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened and the pressure build-up mandrel is sealed. If pressure fluid is supplied to the cavity between the tube end of the tube to be fastened and the pressure build-up mandrel via the pressure medium supply at the first flow rate, then the pressure fluid flowing into the cavity first displaces the air in the cavity; the cavity is thus vented. Because of the low flow velocity of the hydraulic fluid, the pressure drop behind the point at which the seals are acted upon by the hydraulic fluid is so small that the force exerted on the seals by the hydraulic fluid is not sufficient to tension the seals so that the cavity is sealed between the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened and the pressure build-up mandrel. Now the flow rate of the hydraulic fluid increased, the pressure drop behind the point at which the seals are acted upon by the hydraulic fluid is so great that the force exerted by the hydraulic fluid on the seals is sufficient to tension the seals so that a seal of the cavity between the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened and the pressure build-up mandrel.

Gegenstand der Erfindung ist auch ein Druckaufbaudorn zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens, mit einer vorzugsweise zentral beginnenden und vorzugsweise radial auslaufenden Druckmittelzuführung und mit mindestens zwei in entsprechenden ringförmigen Dichtungsaufnahmenuten vorgesehenen Dichtungen, der dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß die Dichtungsaufnahmenuten durch mindestens jeweils eine Druckmittelverbindung an die Druckmittelzuführung angeschlossen sind. Vorzugsweise ist der Außendurchmesser der Dichtungen - ohne Beaufschlagung der Dichtungen durch die Druckflüssigkeit - kleiner als der Außendurchmesser des Druckaufbaudornes.The invention also relates to a pressure build-up mandrel for carrying out the method according to the invention, with a pressure medium supply that preferably starts centrally and preferably runs out radially and with at least two seals provided in corresponding annular seal receiving grooves, which is characterized in that the seal receiving grooves are each connected to the pressure medium supply by at least one pressure medium connection are connected. The outside diameter of the seals is preferably smaller than the outside diameter of the pressure build-up mandrel without the seals being acted upon by the pressure fluid.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand einer lediglich ein Ausführungsbeispiel darstellenden Zeichnung erläutert.In the following the invention will be explained with reference to a drawing showing only one embodiment.

Die einzige Figur zeigt einen Schnitt durch einen Rohrboden 1, in dem ein Rohr 2 druckdicht befestigt werden soll. Das Rohrende 3 des Rohres 2 ist mit Spiel in eine Bohrung 4 des Rohrbodens eingesetzt. In das Rohrende 3 des zu befestigenden Rohres 2 ist ein Druckaufbaudorn 5 eingebracht, . dessen Außendurchmesser kleiner ist als der Innendurchmesser des Rohren-des 3. Der Hohlraum 6 zwischen dem Rohrende 3 des zu befestigenden Rohres 2 und dem Druckaufbaudorn 5 wird an den beiden Enden eines Aufweitbereiches 7 mit Hilfe von zwei Dichtungen 8 abgedichtet. Über eine durch den Druckaufbaudorn 5 geführte und in den Hohlraum 6 zwischen dem Rohrende 3 des zu befestigenden Rohres 2 und dem Druckaufbaudorn 5 mündende Druckmittelzuführung 9 wird dem Hohlraum 6 eine Druckflüssigkeit'zugeführt.The single figure shows a section through a tube sheet 1, in which a tube 2 is to be attached in a pressure-tight manner. The tube end 3 of the tube 2 is inserted with play into a bore 4 in the tube sheet. A pressure build-up mandrel 5 is introduced into the pipe end 3 of the pipe 2 to be fastened. the outside diameter of which is smaller than the inside diameter of the pipe 3. The cavity 6 between the pipe end 3 of the pipe 2 to be fastened and the pressure build-up mandrel 5 is sealed at both ends of an expansion area 7 with the aid of two seals 8. A pressure fluid is supplied to the cavity 6 via a pressure medium feed 9 which runs through the pressure build-up mandrel 5 and opens into the cavity 6 between the pipe end 3 of the pipe 2 to be fastened and the pressure build-up mandrel 5.

Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel weist der Druckaufbaudorn 5 neben der Druckmittelzuführung 9, die zentral beginnt und radial ausläuft, zwei ringförmige Dichtungsaufnahmenuten 10 auf, in denen die Dichtungen 8 vorgesehen sind. Die Dichtungsaufnahmenuten 10 sind durch jeweils eine Druckmittelverbindung 11 an die Druckmittelzuführung 9 angeschlossen. Der Außendurchmesser der Dichtungen 8 ist kleiner als der Außendurchmesser des Druckaufbaudornes 5.In the exemplary embodiment shown, the pressure build-up mandrel 5 has, in addition to the pressure medium supply 9, which begins centrally and runs out radially, two annular seal receiving grooves 10 in which the seals 8 are provided. The seal receiving grooves 10 are each connected to the pressure medium feed 9 by a pressure medium connection 11. The outside diameter of the seals 8 is smaller than the outside diameter of the pressure build-up mandrel 5.

Der Druckaufbaudorn 5 ist mit Spiel in das Rohrende 3 des zu befestigenden Rohres 2 eingebracht_worden. Zwecks Abdichtung des Hohlraumes 6 zwischen dem Rohrende 3 des zu befestigenden Rohres 2 und dem Druckaufbaudorn 5 werden die Dichtungen 8 mit der Druckflüssigkeit beaufschlagt, und zwar so, daß durch die Druckflüssigkeit auf die Dichtungen 8 eine radial nach außen wirkende Kraft ausgeübt wird. Die Druckflüssigkeit wird zuerst mit einer ersten Strömungsgeschwindigkeit und dann mit einer zweiten Strömungsgeschwindigkeit zugeführt, wobei die erste Strömungsgeschwindigkeit so gering ist, daß ·eine Abdichtung des Hohlraumes 6 zwischen dem Rohrende 3 des.zu befestigenden Rohres 2 und dem Druckaufbaudorn 5 noch nicht stattfindet, während die zweite Strömungsgeschwindigkeit so groß ist, daß eine Abdichtung des Hohlraumes 6 stattfindet.The pressure build-up mandrel 5 has been introduced into the pipe end 3 of the pipe 2 to be fastened with play. For the purpose of sealing the cavity 6 between the pipe end 3 of the pipe 2 to be fastened and the pressure build-up mandrel 5, the seals 8 are acted upon by the pressure fluid, in such a way that a force acting radially outwards is exerted on the seals 8 by the pressure fluid. The hydraulic fluid is first supplied at a first flow rate and then at a second flow rate, the first flow rate being so low that the cavity 6 between the pipe end 3 of the pipe 2 to be fastened and the pressure build-up mandrel 5 does not yet seal while the second flow rate is so great that the cavity 6 is sealed.

Claims (5)

1. Verfahren zur druckdichten Befestigung eines Rohres in einem Rohrboden o. dgl., wobei das Rohrende des zu befestigenden Rohres mit Spiel in eine Bohrung des Rohrbodens eingesetzt wird, in das Rohrende des zu befestigenden Rohres ein Druckaufbaudorn eingebracht wird, dessen Außen-. durchmesser kleiner ist als der Innendurchmesser des Rohrendes, der Hohlraum zwischen dem Rohrende des zu befestigenden Rohres und dem Druckaufbaudorn an den beiden Enden eines Aufweitbereiches - mit Hilfe von mindestens zwei Dichtungen - abgedichtet wird und über mindestens eine durch den Druckaufbaudorn geführte und in den Hohlraum zwischen dem Rohrende des zu befestigenden Rohres und dem Druckaufbaudorn mündende Druckmittelzuführung dem Hohlraum eine Druckflüssigkeit zugeführt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwecks Abdichtung des Hohlraumes zwischen dem Rohrende des zu befestigenden Rohres und dem Druckaufbaudorn die Dichtungen mit der Druckflüssigkeit beaufschlagt werden.1. A method for the pressure-tight attachment of a tube in a tube sheet or the like, wherein the tube end of the tube to be attached is inserted with play into a bore in the tube sheet, a pressure build-up mandrel is introduced into the tube end of the tube to be attached, the outer. diameter is smaller than the inside diameter of the pipe end, the cavity between the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened and the pressure build-up mandrel is sealed at the two ends of an expansion area - with the aid of at least two seals - and via at least one led through the pressure build-up mandrel and into the cavity between a pressure fluid is supplied to the cavity at the tube end of the tube to be fastened and the pressure build-up mandrel, characterized in that for the purpose of sealing the cavity between the tube end of the tube to be fastened and the pressure build-up mandrel, the seals are pressurized with the pressure fluid. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß durch die Druckflüssigkeit auf die Dichtungen eine radial nach außen wirkende Kraft ausgeübt wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a radially outward force is exerted on the seals by the hydraulic fluid. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Druckflüssigkeit zuerst mit einer ersten Strömungsgeschwindigkeit und dann mit einer zweiten Strömungsgeschwindigkeit zugeführt wird, wobei die erste Strömungsgeschwindigkeit so gering ist, daß eine Abdichtung des Hohlraumes zwischen dem Rohrende des zu befestigenden Rohres und dem Druckaufbaudorn noch nicht stattfindet, während die zweite Strömungsgeschwindigkeit so groß ist, daß eine Abdichtung des Hohlraumes stattfindet.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the hydraulic fluid is first supplied at a first flow rate and then at a second flow rate, the first flow rate is so low that a seal of the cavity between the pipe end of the pipe to be fastened and the pressure build-up mandrel does not yet take place, while the second flow rate is so high that the cavity is sealed. 4. Druckaufbaudorn zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 3, mit einer vorzugsweise zentral beginnenden und vorzugsweise radial auslaufenden Druckmittelzuführung und mit mindestens zwei in entsprechenden ringförmigen Dichtungsaufnahmenuten vorgesehenen Dichtungen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Dichtungsaufnahmenuten (10) durch mindestens jeweils eine Druckmittelverbindung (11) an die Druckmittelzuführung (9) angeschlossen sind.4. pressure build-up mandrel for performing the method according to claim 3, with a preferably starting centrally and preferably radially ending Pressure medium supply and with at least two seals provided in corresponding annular seal receiving grooves, characterized in that the seal receiving grooves (10) are connected to the pressure medium supply (9) by at least one pressure medium connection (11). 5. Druckaufbaudorn nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Außendurchmesser der Dichtungen (8) - ohne Beaufschlagung der Dichtungen (8) durch die Druckflüssigkeit - kleiner ist als der Außendurchmesser des Druckaufbaudornes (5).5. pressure build-up mandrel according to claim 4, characterized in that the outer diameter of the seals (8) - without exposure of the seals (8) by the hydraulic fluid - is smaller than the outer diameter of the pressure build-up mandrel (5).
EP82100963A 1981-02-17 1982-02-10 Mandrel and method of pressure-sealed installation of a tube in a tube sheet or the like Expired EP0058386B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82100963T ATE19968T1 (en) 1981-02-17 1982-02-10 PRESSURE MANDREL AND METHOD OF PRESSURE TIGHT ATTACHING A PIPE IN A PIPE SHEET OD. DGL.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3105736 1981-02-17
DE3105736A DE3105736C2 (en) 1981-02-17 1981-02-17 Pressure build-up mandrel for fastening a pipe in a pipe sheet or the like.

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EP0058386A1 true EP0058386A1 (en) 1982-08-25
EP0058386B1 EP0058386B1 (en) 1986-05-28

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EP82100963A Expired EP0058386B1 (en) 1981-02-17 1982-02-10 Mandrel and method of pressure-sealed installation of a tube in a tube sheet or the like

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US (1) US4420867A (en)
EP (1) EP0058386B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS57152333A (en)
AT (1) ATE19968T1 (en)
AU (1) AU548571B2 (en)
BR (1) BR8200829A (en)
CA (1) CA1178184A (en)
CS (1) CS235530B2 (en)
DD (1) DD202252A5 (en)
DE (1) DE3105736C2 (en)
ES (1) ES509561A0 (en)
PL (1) PL235097A1 (en)
RO (1) RO83452B (en)
YU (1) YU33282A (en)
ZA (1) ZA82755B (en)

Cited By (2)

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EP0130404A2 (en) * 1983-07-02 1985-01-09 Balcke-Dürr AG Multi-stage heat exchanger
EP0374726A2 (en) * 1988-12-17 1990-06-27 Emitec Gesellschaft für Emissionstechnologie mbH Method for placing and drawing

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US4579171A (en) * 1983-03-04 1986-04-01 Chicago Bridge & Iron Company Shell and tube heat exchanger with welds joining the tubes to tube sheet
US4608739A (en) * 1983-04-06 1986-09-02 Big-Inch Marine Systems, Inc. Connector of and sealing of tubular members
IT1186702B (en) * 1984-08-07 1987-12-16 Nuovo Pignone Spa TELESCOPIC JOINT PERFECTED FOR THE REPAIR OF SUBMARINE PIPES LAYED AT LARGE DEPTHS
US4622732A (en) * 1984-11-23 1986-11-18 Haskel, Inc. Method for forming joints in pressurized fluid systems
DE3530600A1 (en) * 1985-08-27 1987-03-05 Interatom METHOD FOR FIXING DRIVE ELEMENTS ON A HOLLOW SHAFT
DE3726083A1 (en) * 1986-08-12 1988-02-18 Balcke Duerr Ag Device for fixing parts on a hollow body
DE3717517A1 (en) * 1987-05-25 1988-12-15 Emitec Emissionstechnologie EXPANDING PROBE WITH A SMALL DIAMETER AND LARGE LENGTH

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DE2400148A1 (en) * 1974-01-03 1975-07-10 Balcke Duerr Ag Fixing tubes to heat exchanger end plates - involves using adjustable hydraulic deforming force applied to probe sealed into plate
DE2616523B1 (en) * 1976-04-14 1977-03-24 Balcke Duerr Ag DEVICE FOR EXPANDING PIPE ENDS WITHIN A PIPE DISC
DE2824961A1 (en) * 1977-06-28 1979-01-18 Westinghouse Electric Corp DEVICE FOR HYDRAULIC EXPANSION AND PRESSURE OF A PIPE END INSERTED IN A PIPE FLOOR HOLE TO THE BORE WALL
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EP0130404A2 (en) * 1983-07-02 1985-01-09 Balcke-Dürr AG Multi-stage heat exchanger
EP0130404A3 (en) * 1983-07-02 1985-05-15 Balcke-Durr Ag Multi-stage heat exchanger
EP0374726A2 (en) * 1988-12-17 1990-06-27 Emitec Gesellschaft für Emissionstechnologie mbH Method for placing and drawing
EP0374726A3 (en) * 1988-12-17 1991-01-09 Emitec Gesellschaft für Emissionstechnologie mbH Method for placing and drawing

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3105736A1 (en) 1982-08-26
YU33282A (en) 1985-03-20
CS235530B2 (en) 1985-05-15
BR8200829A (en) 1982-12-28
ZA82755B (en) 1982-12-29
RO83452B (en) 1984-02-28
RO83452A (en) 1984-02-21
ES8301128A1 (en) 1982-12-16
ATE19968T1 (en) 1986-06-15
PL235097A1 (en) 1982-09-13
AU548571B2 (en) 1985-12-19
EP0058386B1 (en) 1986-05-28
JPS57152333A (en) 1982-09-20
AU8052682A (en) 1982-08-26
DE3105736C2 (en) 1985-01-10
ES509561A0 (en) 1982-12-16
US4420867A (en) 1983-12-20
DD202252A5 (en) 1983-09-07
CA1178184A (en) 1984-11-20

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