EP0057179A1 - A fastener driving tool for corners. - Google Patents
A fastener driving tool for corners.Info
- Publication number
- EP0057179A1 EP0057179A1 EP81900764A EP81900764A EP0057179A1 EP 0057179 A1 EP0057179 A1 EP 0057179A1 EP 81900764 A EP81900764 A EP 81900764A EP 81900764 A EP81900764 A EP 81900764A EP 0057179 A1 EP0057179 A1 EP 0057179A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- raceway
- staple
- fastener
- blade
- stud
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25C—HAND-HELD NAILING OR STAPLING TOOLS; MANUALLY OPERATED PORTABLE STAPLING TOOLS
- B25C5/00—Manually operated portable stapling tools; Hand-held power-operated stapling tools; Staple feeding devices therefor
- B25C5/16—Staple-feeding devices, e.g. with feeding means, supports for staples or accessories concerning feeding devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25C—HAND-HELD NAILING OR STAPLING TOOLS; MANUALLY OPERATED PORTABLE STAPLING TOOLS
- B25C5/00—Manually operated portable stapling tools; Hand-held power-operated stapling tools; Staple feeding devices therefor
- B25C5/06—Manually operated portable stapling tools; Hand-held power-operated stapling tools; Staple feeding devices therefor without provision for bending the ends of the staples on to the work
Definitions
- This invention relates to portable fastener driving tools which drive fasteners seriatim using a recipro ⁇ cating blade and include a magazine housing lower sur ⁇ face which is held against the workpiece during operation and, in particular, to a portable fastener driving tool having a fastenerstick magazine lower surface positioned at an acute angle to the plane of movement of the reci- provating blade to permit the tool to be positioned for driving in heretofore inaccessible corners or other areas.
- U.S. Patent No. 2,086,922 to Peterson teaches use of a staplestick magazine positioned generally parallel to the driver blade with an arrangement of reciprocating parts to remove seriatim staples from the staplestick and thereafter transport and orient them for driving.
- the invention comprises a portable fastener driving ttol having a reciprocating driver blade and a fastener magazine in which the fastenerstick is posi ⁇ tioned at an acute angle to the plane in which the driver •-* ⁇ blade reciprocates.
- One end of the fastenerstick abuts the fastener raceway with the first-to-be-driven fastener positioned at an acute angle to the driver blade.
- the first-to-be-driven fastener is sheared from the fastener ⁇ stick by the force of the driver blade.
- fastener ramps adja ⁇ cent the exit opening ⁇ f the tool urge the fastener back into the raceway, if it has moved out of the raceway, to assure proper alignment of the fastener as the fastener exits the tool.
- Fastener ramps, together with the race- 5 way define an exit opening which guides the full length of the fastener as it moves through the opening into the workpiece.
- a retractable detent may be positioned in the raceway which detent serves to assist 0 in orienting the first-to-be-driven fastener as the blade strickes and moves such fastener during the driving stroke and also serves to support the fastenerstick during load ⁇ ing of the magazine.
- a retractable detent is not required when driving fasteners having heads or crowns which are 5 wide or otherwise shaped so that the driver blade striking them will properly orient them; however, with fasteners which are not properly oriented by the driver blade a detent is required.
- detents may 0 be used. Additional detents are positioned below the detent shown in the drawings and operate in the same manner to re-orient as necessary the fastener as it moves down the raceway.
- Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of the staple driving unit partially broken away;
- Fig. 2 is an enlarged side view partially broken away to show a portion of the internal mechanism
- Fig. 3 is an another enlarged side view broken away to show the mechanism of Fig. 2 in another stage of its operation;
- Fig. 4 is a sectional view alongsline 4-4 of Fig. 2.
- electrically powered staple driving tool 10 includes housing 11, trigger 12, electrical power conduit 13, staple magazine 14.
- Latch 16 permits access to magazine for loading and unloading staplesticks.
- Be ⁇ low housing 10 is a lower drive frame 17 which carries front sheath 18.
- driver blade 21 and a staplestick 19 riding on rail 24 being urged toward and against staple raceway 26 by magazine spring means 25 (in dashed lines in Fig. 1) .
- Rail 24 has a sloping front which parallels raceway 26.
- Tool 10 is shown positioned in a 90° corner formed by a floor 22 and a vertical wall 23. The configuration of housing 10 and the angle of the magazine 14 to driver blade 21 permits driving staples in the corner.
- Driver blade 21 reciprocates in staple raceway 26 formed in front sheath 18 using an electric solenoid and suitable blade return mechanism such as spring means (not shown) .
- the front face 27 of sheath 18 has an aperture in it for receiving detent stud 29.
- Detent stud 29 is positioned in staple raceway 26 adjacent the first-to-be-driven staple 33 of staplestick 19. Stud 29 may be positioned below and tangent to the crown 39 of the staple 33, as shown in the drawings, or ay be positioned in a slightly lower position.
- inclined . ramps 37 are positioned adjacent to exit 38 of raceway 26. If staple 33 strays out of raceway 26 during the driving stroke ramps 37 urge it back into proper alignment. Ramps 37 also cooperate with raceway 26 to form exit 38 which exit guides and orients staple 33 as its full length passes through the exit.
- magazine 14 is opened and staplestick 19 inserted for urging (to the left as shown in Fig. 1) by spring 25 to ⁇ ward and against raceway 26. Due the angle between staple- stick 19 and raceway 26 and the force of spring 25, the end of stick 19 is urged downwardly against stud 29. If stud 19 is not used in the tool other means for holding staplestick 19 in contact with raceway 26 are required.
- driver blade 21 descends staple 33 is removed from staplestick 19; oriented in raceway 26 and driven in the following manner; Staplestick 19 having staple 33 at its left handed end (as shown in Fig. 2) abuts raceway 26 with the crown 39 of staple 33 adjacent stud 29.
- raceway 26 The length of raceway 26 and spacing between where driver blade 21 first strikes staple 33 and ramps 37 permits tool 10 to drive staples having longer legs than • those shown in Figs. 2 and 3. 5
Abstract
Un instrument portatif d'entrainement d'elements d'attache (10) possede un caniveau (26) avec une lame d'entrainement (21) ayant un mouvement de va-et-vient a l'interieur depuis une position retractee vers une position d'elements d'attache entraines pour entrainer les elements d'attache (33) successivement a partir d'une baguette d'elements d'attache (19) positionnee suivant un angle aigu par rapport au caniveau. Le premier element d'attache a etre entraine (33), tout en etant fixe a la baguette (19), est positionne dans le caniveau (26) de maniere telle que la lame descendante (21) serve a orienter l'element d'attache (33) vers une position sensiblement parallele au caniveau (26) pour effectuer un entrainement vers le bas et hors du caniveau, dans la piece de travail. Des moyens de rampe (37,46) qui font partie de l'ouverture de sortie de l'instrument(38) reorientent l'element d'attache (33) comme cela est necessaire et le guident pendant sa sortie. La baguette d'elements d'attache (19) peut etre supportee dans le caniveau (26) par des moyens de tenon de detente (29, 31) qui se retractent du caniveau (26) lorsque l'agrafe (33) descend.A portable attachment element drive (10) has a channel (26) with a drive blade (21) reciprocating inside from a retracted position to a position of fastening elements driven to drive the fastening elements (33) successively from a strip of fastening elements (19) positioned at an acute angle relative to the gutter. The first fastening element to be driven (33), while being fixed to the rod (19), is positioned in the gutter (26) in such a way that the descending blade (21) serves to orient the element of attachment (33) to a position substantially parallel to the channel (26) to perform a drive down and out of the channel, in the work piece. Ramp means (37,46) which are part of the outlet opening of the instrument (38) reorient the fastening element (33) as necessary and guide it during its exit. The strip of fastening elements (19) can be supported in the channel (26) by detent pin means (29, 31) which retract from the channel (26) when the clip (33) descends.
Description
Description
A Fastener Driving Tool For Corners
Technical Field
This invention relates to portable fastener driving tools which drive fasteners seriatim using a recipro¬ cating blade and include a magazine housing lower sur¬ face which is held against the workpiece during operation and, in particular, to a portable fastener driving tool having a fastenerstick magazine lower surface positioned at an acute angle to the plane of movement of the reci- provating blade to permit the tool to be positioned for driving in heretofore inaccessible corners or other areas.
Background Art
Arrangements for positioning fastener magazines parallel to or at acute angles to the driving blade have been suggested for some years; U.S. Patent No. 371,659 to Arnold; U.S. Patent No. 525,581 to Blakey and U.S. Patent No. 2,966,681 to Campbell.
U.S. Patent No. 2,086,922 to Peterson teaches use of a staplestick magazine positioned generally parallel to the driver blade with an arrangement of reciprocating parts to remove seriatim staples from the staplestick and thereafter transport and orient them for driving.
U.S. Patent No. 2,396,356 to Wickens meters indivi¬ dual staples down a rail at an acute angle to the drive blade.
None of the prior arrangements for feeding fasteners" seriatim and driving them have been satisfactory from the point of view of reliability and simplicity.
Summary of the Invention
Broadly, the invention comprises a portable fastener
driving ttol having a reciprocating driver blade and a fastener magazine in which the fastenerstick is posi¬ tioned at an acute angle to the plane in which the driver •-*■ blade reciprocates. One end of the fastenerstick abuts the fastener raceway with the first-to-be-driven fastener positioned at an acute angle to the driver blade. The first-to-be-driven fastener is sheared from the fastener¬ stick by the force of the driver blade. Upon continued 0 movement of the fastener, inclined fastener ramps adja¬ cent the exit opening άf the tool urge the fastener back into the raceway, if it has moved out of the raceway, to assure proper alignment of the fastener as the fastener exits the tool. Fastener ramps, together with the race- 5 way define an exit opening which guides the full length of the fastener as it moves through the opening into the workpiece.
It is a feature that a retractable detent may be positioned in the raceway which detent serves to assist 0 in orienting the first-to-be-driven fastener as the blade strickes and moves such fastener during the driving stroke and also serves to support the fastenerstick during load¬ ing of the magazine. A retractable detent is not required when driving fasteners having heads or crowns which are 5 wide or otherwise shaped so that the driver blade striking them will properly orient them; however, with fasteners which are not properly oriented by the driver blade a detent is required.
It is also a feature that more than one detent may 0 be used. Additional detents are positioned below the detent shown in the drawings and operate in the same manner to re-orient as necessary the fastener as it moves down the raceway.
A
Brief Description Of The Drawings
Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of the staple driving unit partially broken away;
Fig. 2 is an enlarged side view partially broken away to show a portion of the internal mechanism;
Fig. 3 is an another enlarged side view broken away to show the mechanism of Fig. 2 in another stage of its operation; and
Fig. 4 is a sectional view alongsline 4-4 of Fig. 2.
Best Mode For Carrying Out Invention
In Figs. 1-4, electrically powered staple driving tool 10 includes housing 11, trigger 12, electrical power conduit 13, staple magazine 14. Latch 16 permits access to magazine for loading and unloading staplesticks. Be¬ low housing 10 is a lower drive frame 17 which carries front sheath 18. Also shown is driver blade 21 and a staplestick 19 riding on rail 24 being urged toward and against staple raceway 26 by magazine spring means 25 (in dashed lines in Fig. 1) . Rail 24 has a sloping front which parallels raceway 26. Tool 10 is shown positioned in a 90° corner formed by a floor 22 and a vertical wall 23. The configuration of housing 10 and the angle of the magazine 14 to driver blade 21 permits driving staples in the corner.
Driver blade 21 reciprocates in staple raceway 26 formed in front sheath 18 using an electric solenoid and suitable blade return mechanism such as spring means (not shown) . The front face 27 of sheath 18 has an aperture in it for receiving detent stud 29.
Detent stud 29 is positioned in staple raceway 26 adjacent the first-to-be-driven staple 33 of staplestick 19. Stud 29 may be positioned below and tangent to the crown 39 of the staple 33, as shown in the drawings, or
ay be positioned in a slightly lower position. To assure that staple 33 exits the tool and enters the workpiece in proper orientation, inclined.ramps 37 are positioned adjacent to exit 38 of raceway 26. If staple 33 strays out of raceway 26 during the driving stroke ramps 37 urge it back into proper alignment. Ramps 37 also cooperate with raceway 26 to form exit 38 which exit guides and orients staple 33 as its full length passes through the exit.
In the operation of the staple driving tool 10, magazine 14 is opened and staplestick 19 inserted for urging (to the left as shown in Fig. 1) by spring 25 to¬ ward and against raceway 26. Due the angle between staple- stick 19 and raceway 26 and the force of spring 25, the end of stick 19 is urged downwardly against stud 29. If stud 19 is not used in the tool other means for holding staplestick 19 in contact with raceway 26 are required. As driver blade 21 descends staple 33 is removed from staplestick 19; oriented in raceway 26 and driven in the following manner; Staplestick 19 having staple 33 at its left handed end (as shown in Fig. 2) abuts raceway 26 with the crown 39 of staple 33 adjacent stud 29. As drive- blade 21 descends during the driving stroke staple crown 39 is hit by blade 21 breaking staple 33 from stick 19 and causing the legs 41 of staple 33 to rotate clockwise toward the raceway 26. The rotational orientation of staple 33 is caused by forces between blade end 42 and the staple crown 39 whose planer surfaces produce the desired rotation. If stud 29 is employed the surfaces of- all three co-act to accomplish orientation during the driving stroke. Where a second detent is used, driver blade 21 moves staple 33 down the raceway 26 until staple 33 hits a lower detent whereupon staple 33 will similarily be oriented back into raceway 26 if the staple has, in part, moved out of raceway 26. Retractable detent 29 is
causedto retract by staple 33 pushing it out of raceway 26. Blade 21 holds the detend 29 retracted until it returns to its up position. Blade 21 carries chamfer 43 5 on its lower end to assist in readily retracting detent
29 when the driving stroke is accomplished with no staples in the tool.
After its rotation into raceway 26, staple 33 con¬ tinues to descend as shown in Fig. 3 and finally staple 10 33 is driven out of exit 38 into the workpiece. Ramps 37 provide further guiding, as necessary, of staple 33 toward the raceway 26 in the area adjacent exit 38 when staple legs 41 engage and ride down ramp surfaces 46. Exit 38, defined in part by the end of ramps 46, guides "■5 staple 33 during its exit from the tool into the work- piece. As the staple moves down to and through exit opening 38, crown 39 of staple 33 is guided continuously by raceway 26 on one side and by the sloping front of rail 24 on the other side. Legs 41 are guided during 0 the exit of staple 33 by the ends of ramps 37.
The length of raceway 26 and spacing between where driver blade 21 first strikes staple 33 and ramps 37 permits tool 10 to drive staples having longer legs than • those shown in Figs. 2 and 3. 5
v'"C
Claims
1. A portable fastener driving tool in which fasteners 5 are driven along a fastener driving raceway by a reciprocating driver blade out an exit opening into a workpiece and in which each fastener is fed from a reloadable magazine into a raceway at an angle to the raceway the improvement comprising •jO -) fastenerstick feed means for feeding a fastener¬ stick including a first-to-be-driven fastener at an acute angle to the raceway; b) fastener orientation means for orienting the fastener in the raceway as and after it is removed
15 from the fastenerstick by action of the driver blade, said orientation means including the driver blade and the portion of the fastener struck by the blade; and c) fastener ramp means positioned adjacent to and 20 forming a part of said exit opening to urge the fastener, as necessary, toward the raceway and to guide the fastner during its movement out of the exit opening.
25 2. The driving tool of claim 1 in which the fastenerstick is supported in the raceway by retractable stud means and having spring mounting means for mounting the stud means in the raceway which mounting means holds the stud in the raceway when the blade is in its retracted
30 position and permits the first- o-be-driven fastener - to push the stud out of the raceway as the blade descends during the driving stroke.
3. The driving tool of claim 2 in which the fastener
35 orientation means includes the said stud means.
4. The driving tool of claim 3 in which the driver blade, the raceway, the fastener and the stud means are shaped and positioned so that during the driving stroke the blade strikes the first- o-be-driven fastener to shear it from the stick and to orient it in the race¬ way substantially parallel to the direction of move¬ ment of the blade in the raceway.
5. A portable staple driving tool in which staples each having a crown and two legs and are driven along a staple driving raceway by reciprocating staple driver blade out an exit opening into a workpiece and in which each staple is fed into the raceway for driving with its legs at an angle to the raceway improvement comprising a) staplestick feed means for feeding a staplestick including a* first-to-be-driven staple at an acute angle to the raceway; b) staple orientation means for orienting the staple in the raceway as and after it is removed from the staplestick by action of the driver blade, said orientation means including the end of the driver blade and the surface of the crown of the staple; and c) staple ramp means positioned adjacent to the end of the raceway and forming part of said exit open¬ ing to urge, as necessary, the legs of the staple back into the raceway and to guide as part of the exit opening the staple legs and crown as they move through the opening and into the workpiece.
6. The tool of claim 5 having in addition a) retractable stud means in the raceway for orient¬ ing the first-to-be-driven staple during the driving stroke; and
/ c? - spring mounting means mounting the stud means in the raceway which mounting means holds the stud in the raceway when the blade is in its retracted position and permits the first-to-be- driven staple to push the stud out of the race¬ way as it descends during the driving stroke.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US1980/001002 WO1982000429A1 (en) | 1980-08-07 | 1980-08-07 | A fastener driving tool for corners |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0057179A1 true EP0057179A1 (en) | 1982-08-11 |
| EP0057179A4 EP0057179A4 (en) | 1982-12-09 |
| EP0057179B1 EP0057179B1 (en) | 1985-04-17 |
Family
ID=22154464
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP81900764A Expired EP0057179B1 (en) | 1980-08-07 | 1980-08-07 | A fastener driving tool for corners |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0057179B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH0158034B2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3070540D1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1982000429A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4598852A (en) * | 1982-04-06 | 1986-07-08 | Swingline Inc. | Fastener driving tool including fastener deformation and guidance arrangements |
| CA2915513C (en) | 2012-06-18 | 2020-08-18 | Quick Grip Staples (Hk) Limited | An accessory for a fastening gun |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2089573A (en) * | 1935-10-18 | 1937-08-10 | Hotchkiss Co E H | Tacking machine |
| US2172259A (en) * | 1937-03-03 | 1939-09-05 | Emanuel R Posnack | Stapling method and device |
| US2242967A (en) * | 1939-01-05 | 1941-05-20 | Talon Inc | Staple strip |
| US4136810A (en) * | 1977-10-27 | 1979-01-30 | Advance Nailing Tools, Inc. | Automatic nailer gun and magazine |
| DE2838194C3 (en) * | 1978-09-01 | 1982-02-11 | Karl M. Reich Maschinenfabrik GmbH, 7440 Nürtingen | Device for feeding and separating fastening means |
| US4225075A (en) * | 1979-01-29 | 1980-09-30 | Chi Hui Neng | Hook-nail and its driving machine |
-
1980
- 1980-08-07 EP EP81900764A patent/EP0057179B1/en not_active Expired
- 1980-08-07 JP JP50105981A patent/JPH0158034B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1980-08-07 DE DE8181900764T patent/DE3070540D1/en not_active Expired
- 1980-08-07 WO PCT/US1980/001002 patent/WO1982000429A1/en active IP Right Grant
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO8200429A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1982000429A1 (en) | 1982-02-18 |
| DE3070540D1 (en) | 1985-05-23 |
| EP0057179A4 (en) | 1982-12-09 |
| EP0057179B1 (en) | 1985-04-17 |
| JPH0158034B2 (en) | 1989-12-08 |
| JPS57501272A (en) | 1982-07-22 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4598852A (en) | Fastener driving tool including fastener deformation and guidance arrangements | |
| CA1117702A (en) | Fastener driving tool | |
| CA2007319C (en) | Nail driving device | |
| US4424929A (en) | Clip magazine feed for fastener driving tools | |
| US2784405A (en) | Nailing strip | |
| CA1185751A (en) | Fastener driving tool | |
| EP0591671A1 (en) | Positioning mechanism for powered fastener-driving tool | |
| CA2127501C (en) | Adjustable shear block assembly | |
| US4863089A (en) | Flagless nail driving tool | |
| JPH0624719B2 (en) | Fastener driving tool | |
| JPH05220629A (en) | Assembling device for supplying elements arranged on belt | |
| US5350103A (en) | Easy fastener jam removal tool | |
| JPS6362352B2 (en) | ||
| US4709842A (en) | Tool for fastening an elongated object on a supporting surface by means of U-shaped clips | |
| US5927922A (en) | Tack, hammer tacker therefor, and method | |
| EP0057179A1 (en) | A fastener driving tool for corners. | |
| US8430290B2 (en) | System and method for driving a fastener | |
| US4334613A (en) | Stick package of spring clip fasteners | |
| US2953788A (en) | Carpet tack strip fabricating apparatus | |
| CN218488284U (en) | Device for penetrating pin on product | |
| CN214517838U (en) | Plate shearing machine for civil air defense door steel plate | |
| JPH0546850Y2 (en) | ||
| JP4656270B2 (en) | Wire jump prevention mechanism in nailing machine | |
| DE4491676B4 (en) | Portable fastener driver | |
| DE8112241U1 (en) | FASTENER FOR FASTENERS |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): DE FR GB |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19820814 |
|
| GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): DE FR GB Designated state(s): DE FR GB |
|
| REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 3070540 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19850523 |
|
| ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
| PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
| 26N | No opposition filed | ||
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 19900706 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 19900731 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 19901022 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Effective date: 19910807 |
|
| GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee | ||
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Effective date: 19920430 |
|
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Effective date: 19920501 |
|
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST |