EP0053503A2 - Wassererhitzer - Google Patents

Wassererhitzer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0053503A2
EP0053503A2 EP81305639A EP81305639A EP0053503A2 EP 0053503 A2 EP0053503 A2 EP 0053503A2 EP 81305639 A EP81305639 A EP 81305639A EP 81305639 A EP81305639 A EP 81305639A EP 0053503 A2 EP0053503 A2 EP 0053503A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
coils
heating apparatus
burner
water heating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP81305639A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0053503A3 (de
Inventor
Heinrich Holz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HELOT AND Co Ltd
Original Assignee
HELOT AND Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by HELOT AND Co Ltd filed Critical HELOT AND Co Ltd
Publication of EP0053503A2 publication Critical patent/EP0053503A2/de
Publication of EP0053503A3 publication Critical patent/EP0053503A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/40—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water tube or tubes
    • F24H1/43—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water tube or tubes helically or spirally coiled
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/24—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers
    • F24H1/26—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/44—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups F24H1/24 - F24H1/40 , e.g. boilers having a combination of features covered by F24H1/24 - F24H1/40

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a water heating apparatus, for domestic, institutional, industrial and other purposes. It relates in particular to a water heating apparatus of the type having a passage for hot combustion gases leading from a fuel burner to a flue outlet, wherein a substantial length of the passage is defined by a heat exchanger, hereinafter-referred to .as a water heating apparatus of the type - described.
  • a water jacket defines, or partly defines, a fire box into which the flame of a burner is directed in use.
  • the inner wall of the water jacket, which defines or partly defines the fire box is a sheet of metal, usually cast iron, and constitutes the sole heat exchanger through which heat energy generated by the burning of fuel is communicated to the water to be heated.
  • the present invention is directed towards the amelioration of some or all of the above recited drawbacks of conventional water heating apparatus.
  • the invention accordingly provides a water heating apparatus of the type described, which is characterised in that the heat exchanger comprises a plurality of adjacent substantially helical coils, that each coil comprises from 3 to 12 turns of a water conduit, and that each coil is arranged to convey water separately from a source common to all the coils to an outlet common to all the coils.
  • a preferred water conduit is metal tubing, copper tubing being specially preferred because of its high thermal conductivity and the ease with which it may be formed into helical coils.
  • a useful size of copper tubing is of internal diameter about 12 mm, though diameters ranging from 5 to 40 mm are within the scope of the invention.
  • the coils may be arranged to form a simple rectilinear tunnel with the burner located at one end and the flue outlet at the other end thereof. Or such a tunnel may be enclosed within an outer shell coaxially spaced apart therefrom, to yield a combustion gas passage which consists of a central tunnel and a space of annular cross-section therearound.
  • the apparatus may be arranged so that the combustion gases travel in a single direction through the central tunnel and the annular space in parallel; or it may be arranged so that the stream of gases traverses the said two spaces in succession, its direction being reversed in midstream by appropriate constructional features.
  • the coils may comprise two sets, namely a first set of adjacent coils of a first diameter and a second similar set of greater diameter disposed outside the first set and spaced apart therefrom in substantially coaxial manner.
  • the stream of gases may be caused to flow either in parallel or in succession, as in the previous case described.
  • an outer shell may be provided thus creating a third (annular) space, and the stream of gases may then be caused to flow through the three spaces in succession or in parallel or in a selected combination of those modes.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention is a simple series arrangement of the three spaces last referred to, in which the gas stream first passes along the central tunnel, then passes back between the two sets of coils and afterwards resumes its original direction between the outer set of coils and the outer shell before finally arriving at the flue outlet.
  • the outer shell when present, may be a part of a water jacket which constitutes the common source of water above referred to.
  • a jacket has two useful characteristics. Firstly it serves as a thermal insulator for minimising heat losses from the combustion gases passage. Secondly, any heat absorbed by the jacket serves to raise the water temperature therein, thereby reducing the overall energy requirement of the apparatus.
  • An insulating jacket of conventional type may advantageously be provided to enclose the water jacket itself, thereby further reducing heat losses.
  • Each coil of water conduit preferably comprises from 5 to 10 turns, still more preferably from 6 to 8 turns, most preferably about 6 turns.
  • the apparatus of the invention may be used for heating water for a variety of purposes and on widely different scales.
  • a useful application is for a domestic central heating system and for this purpose a preferred embodiment comprises 6 coils of 12 mm internal diameter copper tubing disposed in the simple series arrangement of three spaces described above, with 3 coils of 8 turns each in the inner set, and 3 coils of 12 turns each in the outer set, the whole surrounded by a cylindrical water jacket externally lagged.
  • a conventional oil burner is used, with the burner jet horizontally disposed to direct the flame axially into the central tunnel.
  • a water pump is incorporated, arranged to switch on and off in response to a room thermostat located in the space to be heated.
  • the common outlet feeds hot water to a set of room heaters conventionally connected, and the heaters feed it back to the water jacket, which forms the common source above referred to.
  • a burner thermostat is located in the water jacket, and operates to ignite the burner whenever the water temperature in the jacket falls below a predetermined working value, for example 50°C.
  • the burner thermostat however is subordinated to the room thermostat, so as to operate the burner only while the pump is working, i.e. while there is a demand for hot water for space heating.
  • the capacity of the pump is so selected, and the flow from the common source to the coils so adjusted (e.g. by valves) as to achieve a predetermined water temperature, for example 80°C, in the common outlet.
  • a conventional domestic central heating boiler comprises an oil burner 10, a fire box 11, a water jacket 13 that surrounds the fire box 11 on all sides except the front, where the burner 10 is mounted, and a plurality of fire tubes 12 leading from the fire box 11 to a flue outlet 14.
  • a simple domestic central heating boiler of the invention comprises a cylindrical fire box 20 mounted on support structures 21, an oil burner 22, inlet and outlet pipes 23 and 24 respectively for water to be heated, a water pump 25, a heat exchanger 26 and a flue outlet 27.
  • the fire box 20 is surrounded by an insulating jacket 28.
  • the heat exchanger 26 comprises three discrete but adjacent substantially helical coils 29,30,31 each comprising four turns of 12 mm internal diameter copper tubing.
  • Each coil 29,30,31 in use is fed from a respective limb of a feed manifold 32 extending from the inlet pipe 23, and discharges through a respective limb of an outlet manifold 33 which communicates with the outlet pipe 24.
  • the coils 29,30,31 form a continuous tunnel for the hot combustion gases , and are shown as separated merely for clarity in the drawing, being spatially unseparated in fact. Similarly the coils 29,30,31 are disposed adjacent the cylindrical -shell -34 of the fire box 20 in fact, the apparent gap being necessitated for clarity in showing the connections of the manifolds 32,33.
  • a baffle 35 of refractory material constricts the passage for the hot combustion gases to promote maximum contact thereof with the heat exchanger before said gases reach the flue outlet 27.
  • a larger central heating boiler comprises a water jacket 50, an insulating jacket 51, an oil burner 52, a heat exchanger 53, inlet and outlet pipes 54 and 55 respectively for water to be heated, a water pump 56 and a flue outlet 57.
  • the whole assembly stands on a support structure having legs 58.
  • the heat exchanger 53 comprises a coaxial pair of tunnels formed by a set of four inner coils 59 of eight turns each, and a set of three outer coils 60 of twelve turns each, all the coils being of copper tubing similar to that of Fig. 1.
  • the coils in each set are adjacent, the apparent gaps between them being shown in the drawing only for clarity.
  • the pair of tunnels is enclosed within a shell which serves as the inner wall of a water jacket 50.
  • Each coil 59,60 in use is fed from a respective limb of a feed manifold 61 extending from the inlet pipe 54, and discharges through a respective limb of an outlet manifold 62 which communicates with the outlet pipe 55.
  • An additional coil 63 spiral in form, is connected between the manifolds 61 and 62 and helps to define a first U-turn in the passage for hot combustion gases, as shown by the associated arrows. Similar arrows outline the remainder of the passage, which is S-shaped in overall longitudinal section, as can be seen.
  • a baffle 64 of refractory material backed by metallic guide plates 65, helps to confine the stream of gases to the required pathway.
  • a manometer and pressure regulating equipment 66 are indicated schematically.
  • the outlet pipe 55 feeds the radiators or convectors (not shown) of a central heating system, the return flow from which re-enters the water jacket 50 via a return pipe 69.
  • the room thermostat 67 governs the operation of the pump 56 to circulate heating water from the apparatus through the central heating system radiators; during operation of the pump the boiler thermostat 68 additionally ignites the burner 52 whenever and for as long as the water reserve in the jacket 50 is below a preset temperature such as 50°C.
  • a preset temperature such as 50°C.
  • the water temperature at the outlet pipe 55 is that of the water reserve in the jacket 50.
  • the said temperature has a different value, such as 80°C, which can be set by choice of components and adjustment of water flow and other parameters.
  • the passage for hot combustion gases comprises three successive sections 70,71,72 here seen in cross-section. It is preferred that the cross-sectional areas of these three sections should be approximately equal, although this is not apparent from the drawing. This provision helps to achieve a constant speed for the stream of gases.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)
EP81305639A 1980-11-28 1981-11-27 Wassererhitzer Withdrawn EP0053503A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IE247980 1980-11-28
IE247980A IE802479L (en) 1980-11-28 1980-11-28 Water heating apparatus suitable for use as domestic central¹heating boiler

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0053503A2 true EP0053503A2 (de) 1982-06-09
EP0053503A3 EP0053503A3 (de) 1982-12-08

Family

ID=11035013

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81305639A Withdrawn EP0053503A3 (de) 1980-11-28 1981-11-27 Wassererhitzer

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0053503A3 (de)
IE (1) IE802479L (de)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1985003765A1 (en) * 1984-02-15 1985-08-29 Karl Eichhorn Device for a heating installation
AU592424B2 (en) * 1986-05-20 1990-01-11 Peter Sachs Pty Ltd Improvements in or relating to electrically operated hot water systems
EP0833113A3 (de) * 1996-09-30 1998-07-15 Vogt Energie-Sparaggregate Heizkessel
US7415944B2 (en) 2004-11-12 2008-08-26 Christopher Charles Farrell Heat exchanger suitable for a boiler, and a boiler including such a heat exchanger
EP2080960A3 (de) * 2008-01-18 2012-01-11 Luciano Santi Vorrichtung zur schnellen Produktion einer heißen Flüssigkeit
US20160273760A1 (en) * 2013-10-30 2016-09-22 Hankook Technology Inc. Apparatus for generating reheat steam

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE473573A (de) *
DE459275C (de) * 1925-09-20 1928-05-01 Paul Niese Heizungskessel
US1773806A (en) * 1929-05-15 1930-08-26 Ernest A Conaway Heater
FR774699A (fr) * 1933-06-16 1934-12-11 Thomson Houston Comp Francaise Chaudières à brûleurs
FR2178035A1 (de) * 1972-03-28 1973-11-09 Nordalpina Anstalt
AT328137B (de) * 1972-08-14 1976-03-10 Stav Praha Vyrobni Stavebni Kessel zur erwarmung von medien, insbesondere zur verdampfung von flussigkeiten
DE2550410A1 (de) * 1975-11-10 1977-05-12 Konus Kessel Waermetech Heizeinrichtung zum erwaermen einer waermetraegerfluessigkeit

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE473573A (de) *
DE459275C (de) * 1925-09-20 1928-05-01 Paul Niese Heizungskessel
US1773806A (en) * 1929-05-15 1930-08-26 Ernest A Conaway Heater
FR774699A (fr) * 1933-06-16 1934-12-11 Thomson Houston Comp Francaise Chaudières à brûleurs
FR2178035A1 (de) * 1972-03-28 1973-11-09 Nordalpina Anstalt
AT328137B (de) * 1972-08-14 1976-03-10 Stav Praha Vyrobni Stavebni Kessel zur erwarmung von medien, insbesondere zur verdampfung von flussigkeiten
DE2550410A1 (de) * 1975-11-10 1977-05-12 Konus Kessel Waermetech Heizeinrichtung zum erwaermen einer waermetraegerfluessigkeit

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1985003765A1 (en) * 1984-02-15 1985-08-29 Karl Eichhorn Device for a heating installation
AU592424B2 (en) * 1986-05-20 1990-01-11 Peter Sachs Pty Ltd Improvements in or relating to electrically operated hot water systems
EP0833113A3 (de) * 1996-09-30 1998-07-15 Vogt Energie-Sparaggregate Heizkessel
US7415944B2 (en) 2004-11-12 2008-08-26 Christopher Charles Farrell Heat exchanger suitable for a boiler, and a boiler including such a heat exchanger
EP2080960A3 (de) * 2008-01-18 2012-01-11 Luciano Santi Vorrichtung zur schnellen Produktion einer heißen Flüssigkeit
US20160273760A1 (en) * 2013-10-30 2016-09-22 Hankook Technology Inc. Apparatus for generating reheat steam

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0053503A3 (de) 1982-12-08
IE802479L (en) 1982-05-28

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PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

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Effective date: 19831113

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Inventor name: HOLZ, HEINRICH