EP0053270B1 - Arrangement for the control of a self-advancing support in underground mining - Google Patents

Arrangement for the control of a self-advancing support in underground mining Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0053270B1
EP0053270B1 EP81108648A EP81108648A EP0053270B1 EP 0053270 B1 EP0053270 B1 EP 0053270B1 EP 81108648 A EP81108648 A EP 81108648A EP 81108648 A EP81108648 A EP 81108648A EP 0053270 B1 EP0053270 B1 EP 0053270B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
control
control unit
receiver
transmitter
data
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EP81108648A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0053270A1 (en
Inventor
Guy Dipl.-Ing. Geuns
Georg Dipl.-Ing. Rötzer
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D23/00Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor
    • E21D23/12Control, e.g. using remote control
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D23/00Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor
    • E21D23/12Control, e.g. using remote control
    • E21D23/14Effecting automatic sequential movement of supports, e.g. one behind the other
    • E21D23/146Transmission of signals and commands by cable

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement for controlling a progressive development in underground mining, comprising a control unit, each assigned to n expansion units, individually selectable and containing an electronic evaluation circuit, and a control room which serially transmits control data output by a computer to the control units a device indicating the state of expansion and is equipped with an input device for selecting the computer program.
  • the expansion units e.g. B. Removal frame, equipped with hydraulic cylinders that have to perform the following functions: robbing the removal, moving the removal, setting the removal and backing of the conveyor and, if necessary, pre-pledging the support caps.
  • These functions can be triggered, for example, by electromagnetically operated valves from a longwall control room or on site.
  • a longwall construction comprises a number of expansion units that can be controlled individually or in groups to achieve the walking process.
  • control units are made up of electronic components and connected to the computer in the control room via a cable with a large number of wires, each of which has a task, e.g. B. data transmission, power supply, timing, etc. are assigned.
  • This structure of the control units is complex and, in the event of a fault, the parallel connection to the cable common to all control units makes it difficult to determine which control unit or in which cable section the fault has occurred.
  • the invention has for its object to set up the control for a longwall construction in such a way that the control data can be transmitted trouble-free with as little effort as possible and malfunctions can be localized without complex measures.
  • this object is achieved in that a first receiver arranged in each control unit and receiving the control data is connected to the evaluation circuit and to a first transmitter which is connected via a control line to the first receiver of the immediately following control unit, and in that a A second transmitter providing feedback in each control unit, which is connected via a further line to a second receiver of the immediately preceding control unit, can be connected via a switch to the evaluation circuit or to the second receiver of the control unit.
  • control data are passed on in sequence from one control unit to another and in the same way the feedback data are passed on in the opposite direction, faults occurring on the transmission path can be easily localized.
  • the evaluation circuit advantageously consists of a small computer and at least one converter connected to it for parallel-serial and serial-parallel transmission of the control or feedback data, as well as a control logic.
  • each control unit contains a third transmitter and a third receiver to initiate one of the so that a transmission of control data from a control unit to the immediately adjacent control units is possible if a fault occurs in the control room or on the transmission path leading to the control room Control room independent data traffic between the control units of two neighboring expansion units.
  • Two further transmitters which can be connected to the evaluation circuit via a second switch and two further receivers which can be connected to the evaluation circuit via a third switch, the further transmitters each being connected to the corresponding further receiver of the adjacent control unit via a further line, form a second, transmission path independent of the control room.
  • a control room 1 and a control unit A1 to An are provided for remote control of a longwall construction.
  • a computer 2 is arranged in the control room 1 and is connected to an input device 3, for example a keypad, for selecting one of the control programs stored in the computer.
  • the computer delivers the control data corresponding to the selected program to a transmitter 5 via a parallel-serial converter4.
  • a receiver receives the feedback data arriving from the control units and transmits them via a serial-parallel converter7 to the computer, which evaluates this data and signals indicating the operating state of the expansion to a display device 8.
  • each of the control units A contains five transmitters S1 to S5, five receivers E1 to E5 and an evaluation circuit 9, which has a small computer (10) with serial-parallel converters 11, 12, parallel-serial converters 13, 14, control logic 15 and monitoring logic 16. Switches 17, 18, 19 are actuated by the computer via the control logic 15.
  • the small computer also controls solenoid valves 20 which are assigned to the hydraulic drives of the expansion unit which cause the walking processes. The Walking processes are monitored by sensors, which send appropriate signals to the small computer. The sensors and a further keypad for program selection on site are indicated by block 21.
  • the computer 2 in the control room transfers the control data corresponding to the program selected by means of the keypad 3, which is composed of an address characterizing the individual control units, an organization part, an information part and a security part, to the parallel-serial converter 4 for forwarding to the transmitter 5.
  • This is connected via a control line 22 to the first receiver E1 of the control unit A1.
  • the receiver E1 forwards the control data via the serial-parallel converter 11 to the small computer 10 and at the same time to the first transmit S1 of the control unit A1.
  • the transmitter S1 of each of the control units is connected to the receiver E1 of the following control unit via a further control line 23.
  • the control data output by the computer 2 are thus passed on from one control unit to the next one.
  • the small computer 10 of each control unit examines the control data for its content.
  • the small computer 10 of the control unit whose address matches the address specified in the control data actuates the switch 17 via the control logic 15 and sends feedback data to the control room via the transmitter S2.
  • the unaddressed control units receive the feedback data output by the transmitter S2 of the selected control unit via their receiver E2 and pass the data on without further evaluation (switch 17 in the shown rest position) via their transmitter S2 and a control line 24 to the receiver E2 of the respective previous control unit .
  • the transmitter S2 of the control unit A1 is connected via a control line 25 to the receiver of the control room, which transmits the feedback data to the computer 2 via the serial-parallel converter 7.
  • the feedback data are thus passed on from one control unit to another in the same way as the control data.
  • errors occurring on the transmission path can be localized without difficulty and the sub-lines 23, 24 each have the same length.
  • the transmitters represent switchable voltage or current sources, while optoelectronic coupling elements are used as receivers.
  • the relatively short sub-lines - the distance between two control units is approx. 3 m - are terminated with low impedance and therefore offer a guarantee for interference-free data transmission.
  • the small computer 10 gives the addressed control unit, e.g. B. A2, via the parallel-serial converter 13 and the switched switch 17 feedback data to the transmitter S2, the data on the receiver E2, the switch 17 and the transmitter S2 of the previous control unit, for. B. Ai, to the receiver 6 in the control room.
  • the computer 2 in the control room checks the feedback data and outputs the original control data again in the event of an error. If the feedback data is missing, the computer recognizes errors.
  • control units A1 to 1 are called cyclically one after the other, the number of individual controls involved in the transmission path and the connecting lines increases in a defined manner. This makes it possible to simplify troubleshooting in the event of a malfunction.
  • a further possibility for the localization of errors is given by a test device 29 which monitors the outputs of the receivers E1 and E2 in each control unit and contains, for example, light-emitting diodes for displaying errors.
  • each control unit is equipped with further transmitters S3 to S5 and further receivers E3 to E5 and its own keypad. If the control units do not receive any control data from the control room for a longer period of time, they automatically switch to operation without a control room.
  • a program stored in the small computer can be called up via the keypad.
  • the small computer of the selected control unit e.g. B.
  • A2 then delivers via the associated transmitter S3 and the connecting line 26 a request for receipt to the receiver E3 of the control unit preceding in the order, for. B. A1, which switches the small computer of the control unit A1 to be ready to receive the neighboring extension (in the example A2).
  • the small computer of the selected control unit e.g. B. A2 now delivers via the parallel-serial converter 14, the switch 19, the transmitter S5 and the line 27 control data to the receiver E5 of the previous control unit, for. B. A1, the control logic 15 has switched the switch 18 due to the readiness of the small computer, so that the control data received via the serial-parallel converter 12 reach the small computer of the control unit A1.
  • the small computer 10 of the control unit A1 supplies, via the parallel-serial converter 14, the switch 19 likewise switched by the control logic, the transmitter S4 and the line 28, reporting data to the receiver E4 of the control unit A2.
  • the feedback data reach the small computer 10 via the non-switched switch 18 and the serial-parallel converter 12 of the control unit A2.
  • Each control unit gives priority to the reception of control data of the immediately preceding control unit.
  • each control unit can exchange data with the left or right neighbors without using the data transmission system of the control room.
  • the control logic 15 of each control unit is associated with a monitoring logic 16, which takes over safety functions in the event of a failure of the small computer and ensures that the control data output by the control room or by the right neighbor is passed on via the transmission path 23, 24.
  • the control arrangement according to Fig. 2 differs from that shown in Fig. 1 essentially in that the "operation with control room or" operation without control room is preselected from the control room and that both for the cyclical call of the control units A1 to An by the control room as well as for the data exchange of the control units with the respective neighboring control units if the control room fails only the lines 23 and 24 are used.
  • the control room contains a further transmitter 36, which is connected via a control line 30 to a receiver E6 in the control unit A1 directly connected to the control room and transmits the selected operating mode to the small computer 10 of the control unit A1.
  • the selected operating mode is transmitted from the receiver E6 simultaneously via the control line 37 and the transmitter S6 to the receiver E6 of the following control unit etc.
  • the small computer 10 of the control units A2 to An can now, as described in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, issue a reception request to the receiver E3 of the respective previous control unit.
  • Another difference is that in each control unit the receiver E1 via switches 31 and 32 in series with the transmitter S1 and via a switch 35 with the serial-parallel converter 11 and in an analogous manner the receiver E2 with the transmitter S2 switches 33, 34 located in series and connected to the converter 11 via the switch 35, which may be switched by the control logic 15.
  • the receiver E1 transfers the incoming control data to the transmitter S1 of the control unit and at the same time via the serial-parallel converter 11 to the small computer 10 of the control unit.
  • the transmitter S1 of the control unit forwards the control data to the receiver E1 of the control unit A2 and so on until the control data finally reach the control unit An.
  • the control data is decoded in each of the control units.
  • the control unit whose address matches the address contained in the control data, sends feedback data to the control room.
  • the unaddressed control units pass on the signals received by the control unit following in sequence via the receiver E2 and their transmitter S2 to the control unit preceding the sequence without further evaluation.
  • the small computer of the addressed control unit switches the switches 33 and 34 via the control logic 15 in such a way that the data to be sent control the transmitter S2 via the parallel-serial converter.
  • the transmitter S2 transmits the data prepared by the computer to the receiver E2 of the respectively previous unaddressed control unit, which passes the data on to the control unit in front of it, unseen, until the receiver 6 in the control room finally accepts the data.
  • control units are switched to this operating mode. If the control line 30 is interrupted, the control units automatically recognize the operating mode “operation without control room”. In this case, the transmission path to and from the control room is prevented; each control unit can start data exchange with its neighbors via the connecting lines 23, 24 to the neighboring control units.
  • the small computer in each control unit After switching to "operation without a control room", the small computer in each control unit first actuates the switches 31 and 33 via the control logic in such a way that the transmitters S1 and S2 are switched off and only emit an idle signal.
  • the switches 32, 34 and 35 maintain their rest position shown.
  • the small computer is thus ready to receive control data from the respective previous control unit. If control data arrives from the preceding control unit, the computer of the receiving control unit can switch the transmitter S2 to the parallel-serial converter 13 via the switches 33 and 34 to be actuated by the control logic and output feedback data.
  • the small computer of this control unit couples the receiver E2 to the serial-parallel converter 11 via the switch 35 and is thus ready to receive.
  • the transmitter S1 is connected to the parallel-serial converter 13 via switches 31 and 32.
  • a request for receipt is not required for sending the control data from one control unit to the next one.
  • the small computer of the following control unit receiving the control data establishes the connection between the transmitter S2 and the parallel-serial converter 13 via the control logic and the switches 33 and 34.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Selective Calling Equipment (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Anordnung zur Steuerung eines schreitenden Ausbaus im Bergbau unter Tage, umfassend je eine n Ausbaueinheiten zugeordnete, einzeln anwählbare und eine elektronische Auswerteschaltung enthaltende Steuereinheit und eine Steuerwarte, die mit einem von einem Rechner ausgegebene Steuerdaten seriell an die Steuereinheiten übertragenden System, mit einer den Ausbauzustand anzeigenden Einrichtung und mit einer Eingabeeinrichtung zur Anwahl des Rechnerprogramms ausgestattet ist.The invention relates to an arrangement for controlling a progressive development in underground mining, comprising a control unit, each assigned to n expansion units, individually selectable and containing an electronic evaluation circuit, and a control room which serially transmits control data output by a computer to the control units a device indicating the state of expansion and is equipped with an input device for selecting the computer program.

Zur Anpassung an den Fortschritt des Abbaus mittels einer Gewinnungsmaschine sind die Ausbaueinheiten, z. B. Ausbaurahmen, mit Hydraulikzylindern ausgestattet, die folgende Funktionen zu erfüllen haben : Rauben des Ausbaus, Rükken des Ausbaus, Setzen des Ausbaus und Rücken des Förderers sowie gegebenenfalls Vorpfänden der Abstützkappen. Diese Funktionen können über beispielsweise elektromagnetisch betätigte Ventile von einer Strebsteuerwarte aus oder vor Ort ausgelöst werden. Ein Strebausbau umfaßt eine Reihe von Ausbaueinheiten, die einzeln oder gruppenweise zur Erzielung des Schreitvorgangs gesteuert werden können.To adapt to the progress of mining by means of a mining machine, the expansion units, e.g. B. Removal frame, equipped with hydraulic cylinders that have to perform the following functions: robbing the removal, moving the removal, setting the removal and backing of the conveyor and, if necessary, pre-pledging the support caps. These functions can be triggered, for example, by electromagnetically operated valves from a longwall control room or on site. A longwall construction comprises a number of expansion units that can be controlled individually or in groups to achieve the walking process.

Eine Anordnung der eingangs genannten Art ist aus der DE-A-27 36 365 bekannt. Hier sind die Steuereinheiten aus elektronischen Bauelementen aufgebaut und mit dem Rechner in der Steuerwarte über ein Kabel mit einer Vielzahl von Adern verbunden, die jeweils einer Aufgabe, z. B. Datenübertragung, Energieversorgung, Zeittakt usw. zugeteilt sind. Dieser Aufbau der Steuereinheiten ist aufwendig und durch den Parallelanschluß an das allen Steuereinheiten gemeinsame Kabel ist es im Störungsfalle schwierig festzustellen, an welcher Steuereinheit oder in welchem Kabelabschnitt die Störung aufgetreten ist.An arrangement of the type mentioned is known from DE-A-27 36 365. Here the control units are made up of electronic components and connected to the computer in the control room via a cable with a large number of wires, each of which has a task, e.g. B. data transmission, power supply, timing, etc. are assigned. This structure of the control units is complex and, in the event of a fault, the parallel connection to the cable common to all control units makes it difficult to determine which control unit or in which cable section the fault has occurred.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Steuerung für einen Strebausbau derart aufzubauen, daß die Steuerdaten mit möglichst geringem Aufwand störungsfrei übertragen und Betriebsstörungen ohne aufwendige Maßnahmen lokalisiert werden können.The invention has for its object to set up the control for a longwall construction in such a way that the control data can be transmitted trouble-free with as little effort as possible and malfunctions can be localized without complex measures.

Gemäß der Erfindung wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß ein in jeder Steuereinheit angeordneter, die Steuerdaten aufnehmender erster Empfänger an die Auswerteschaltung und an einen ersten Sender angeschlossen ist, der über eine Steuerleitung mit dem ersten Empfänger der unmittelbar folgenden Steuereinheit verbunden ist, und daß ein in jeder Steuereinheit vorgesehener zweiter, Rückmeldungen abgebenden Sender, der über eine weitere Leitung mit einem zweiten Empfänger der jeweils unmittelbar vorhergehenden Steuereinheit verbunden ist, über einen Schalter an die Auswerteschaltung oder an den zweiten Empfänger der Steuereinheit anschließbar ist.According to the invention, this object is achieved in that a first receiver arranged in each control unit and receiving the control data is connected to the evaluation circuit and to a first transmitter which is connected via a control line to the first receiver of the immediately following control unit, and in that a A second transmitter providing feedback in each control unit, which is connected via a further line to a second receiver of the immediately preceding control unit, can be connected via a switch to the evaluation circuit or to the second receiver of the control unit.

Durch diesen Aufben ergeben sich kurze und einheitliche Teilleitungen zwischen den einzeinen Steuereinheiten. Da die Steuerdaten der Reihe nach von einer Steuereinheit zur anderen und in gleicher Weise die Rückmeldedaten in umgekehrter Richtung weitergereicht werden, lassen sich auf dem Übertragungsweg auftretende Störungen ohne weiteres lokalisieren.These tasks result in short and uniform sub-lines between the individual control units. Since the control data are passed on in sequence from one control unit to another and in the same way the feedback data are passed on in the opposite direction, faults occurring on the transmission path can be easily localized.

Vorteilhafterweise besteht die Auswerteschaltung aus einem Kleinrechner und mindestens je einem an diesem angeschlossenen Wandler zur parallel-seriellen und seriellparallelen Übertragung der Steuer- bzw. Rückmeldedaten sowie aus einer Steuerlogik. Damit eine Übertragung von Steuerdaten von einer Steuereinheit zu den unmittelbar benachbarten Steuereinheiten möglich ist, wenn eine Störung in der Steuerwarte oder auf dem zur Steuerwarte führenden Übertragungsweg auftritt, enthält nach einem weiteren Erfindungsgedanken jede Steuereinheit einen dritten Sender und einen dritten Empfänger zur Einleitung eines von der Steuerwarte unabhängigen Datenverkehrs zwischen den Steuereinheiten zweier benachbarter Ausbaueinheiten. Zwei weitere, über einen zweiten Schalter an die Auswerteschaltung anschließbare Sender und zwei weitere, über einen dritten Schalter an die Auswerteschaltung anschließbare Empfänger, wobei die weiteren Sender über je eine weitere Leitung mit dem entsprechenden weiteren Empfänger der benachbarten Steuereinheit verbunden sind, bilden einen zweiten, von der Steuerwarte unabhängigen Übertragungsweg.The evaluation circuit advantageously consists of a small computer and at least one converter connected to it for parallel-serial and serial-parallel transmission of the control or feedback data, as well as a control logic. According to a further inventive concept, each control unit contains a third transmitter and a third receiver to initiate one of the so that a transmission of control data from a control unit to the immediately adjacent control units is possible if a fault occurs in the control room or on the transmission path leading to the control room Control room independent data traffic between the control units of two neighboring expansion units. Two further transmitters which can be connected to the evaluation circuit via a second switch and two further receivers which can be connected to the evaluation circuit via a third switch, the further transmitters each being connected to the corresponding further receiver of the adjacent control unit via a further line, form a second, transmission path independent of the control room.

Anhand von in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen wird die Erfindung im folgenden näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing.

Wie Fig. 1 zeigt, sind zur Fernsteuerung eines Strebausbaus eine Steuerwarte 1 und je Ausbaueinheit eine Steuereinheit A1 bis An vorgesehen. In der Steuerwarte 1 ist ein Rechner 2 angeordnet, der an ein Eingabegerät 3, beispielsweise ein Tastenfeld, zur Anwahl eines der im Rechner gespeicherten Steuerprogramme angeschlossen ist. Die dem gewählten Programm entsprechenden Steuerdaten liefert der Rechner über einen Parallel-Seriell-Wandler4 an einen Sender 5. Ein Empfänger nimmt die von den Steuereinheiten ankommenden Rückmeldedaten auf und überträgt sie über einen Seriell-Parallel-Wandler7 auf den Rechner, der diese Daten auswertet und den Betriebszustand des Ausbaus kennzeichnende Signale an eine Anzeigevorrichtung 8 liefert.As shown in FIG. 1, a control room 1 and a control unit A1 to An are provided for remote control of a longwall construction. A computer 2 is arranged in the control room 1 and is connected to an input device 3, for example a keypad, for selecting one of the control programs stored in the computer. The computer delivers the control data corresponding to the selected program to a transmitter 5 via a parallel-serial converter4. A receiver receives the feedback data arriving from the control units and transmits them via a serial-parallel converter7 to the computer, which evaluates this data and signals indicating the operating state of the expansion to a display device 8.

Nach Fig. 1 enthält jede der Steuereinheiten A fünf Sender S1 bis S5, fünf Empfänger E1 bis E5 und eine Auswerteschaltung 9, die einen Kleinrechner (10) mit Seriell-Parallel-Wanlern 11, 12, Parallel-Seriell-Wandlern 13, 14, einer Steuerlogik 15 und einer Überwachungslogik 16 umfaßt. Über die Steuerlogik 15 werden Schalter 17, 18, 19 vom Rechner betätigt. Der Kleinrechner steuert ferner Magnetventile 20 an, die den die Schreitvorgänge bewirkenden hydraulischen Antrieben der Ausbaueinheit zugeordnet sind. Die Schreitvorgänge werden durch Sensoren überwacht, die entsprechende Signale an den Kleinrechner liefern. Die Sensoren und ein weiteres Tastenfeld zur Programmanwahl vor Ort sind durch den Block 21 angedeutet.1, each of the control units A contains five transmitters S1 to S5, five receivers E1 to E5 and an evaluation circuit 9, which has a small computer (10) with serial-parallel converters 11, 12, parallel-serial converters 13, 14, control logic 15 and monitoring logic 16. Switches 17, 18, 19 are actuated by the computer via the control logic 15. The small computer also controls solenoid valves 20 which are assigned to the hydraulic drives of the expansion unit which cause the walking processes. The Walking processes are monitored by sensors, which send appropriate signals to the small computer. The sensors and a further keypad for program selection on site are indicated by block 21.

Die dem mittels des Tastenfeldes 3 gewählten Programm entsprechenden Steuerdaten, die sich aus einer die einzelnen Steuereinheiten kennzeichnenden Adresse, einem Organisationsteil, einem Informationsteil und einem Sicherungsteil zusammensetzen, übergibt der Rechner 2 in der Steuerwarte dem Parallel-Seriell-Wandler 4 zur Weiterleitung an den Sender 5. Dieser ist über eine Steuerleitung 22 mit dem ersten Empfänger E1 der Steuereinheit A1 verbunden. Der Empfänger E1 gibt die Steuerdaten über den Seriell-Parallel-Wandler 11 an den Kleinrechner 10 und gleichzeitig an den ersten Senden S1 der Steuereinheit A1 weiter. Der Sender S1 jeder der Steuereinheiten ist mit dem Empfänger E1 der jeweils folgenden Steuereinheit über eine weitere Steuerleitung 23 verbunden. Die vom Rechner 2 ausgegebenen Steuerdaten werden also von einer Steuereinheit zur nächstfolgenden weitergegeben. Dabei untersucht der Kleinrechner 10 jeder Steuereinheit die Steuerdaten auf ihren Inhalt. Der Kleinrechner 10 derjenigen-Steuereinheit, deren Adresse mit der in den Steuerdaten angegebenen Adresse übereinstimmt, betätigt über die Steuerlogik15 den Schalter 17 und sendet über den Sender S2 Rückmeldedaten an die Steuerwarte. Die nichtadressierten Steuereinheiten erhalten die von dem Sender S2 der angewählten Steuereinheit ausgegebenen Rückmeldedaten über ihren Empfänger E2 und geben die Daten ohne weitere Auswertung (Schalter 17 in der gezeichneten Ruhestellung) über ihren Sender S2 und eine Steuerleitung 24 an den Empfänger E2 der jeweils vorhergehenden Steuereinheit weiter. Der Sender S2 der Steuereinheit A1 ist über eine Steuerleitung 25 mit dem Empfänger der Steuerwarte verbunden, der die Rückmeldedaten über den Seriell-Parallel-Wandler 7 an den Rechner 2 übergibt. Die Rückmeldedaten werden also in der gleichen Weise wie die Steuerdaten von einer Steuereinheit zur anderen weitergegeben. Dadurch lassen sich auf dem Übertragungsweg auftretende Fehler ohne Schwierigkeiten lokalisieren und die Teilleitungen 23, 24 haben jeweils dieselbe Länge. Die Sender stellen schaltbare Spannungs- oder Stromquellen dar, während als Empfänger optoelektronische Koppelelemente eingesetzt sind. Die relativ kurzen Teilleitungen - der Abstand zwischen je zwei Steuereinheiten beträgt ca. 3 m - sind niederohmig abgeschlossen und bieten daher die Gewähr für eine störungsfreie Datenübertragung.The computer 2 in the control room transfers the control data corresponding to the program selected by means of the keypad 3, which is composed of an address characterizing the individual control units, an organization part, an information part and a security part, to the parallel-serial converter 4 for forwarding to the transmitter 5. This is connected via a control line 22 to the first receiver E1 of the control unit A1. The receiver E1 forwards the control data via the serial-parallel converter 11 to the small computer 10 and at the same time to the first transmit S1 of the control unit A1. The transmitter S1 of each of the control units is connected to the receiver E1 of the following control unit via a further control line 23. The control data output by the computer 2 are thus passed on from one control unit to the next one. The small computer 10 of each control unit examines the control data for its content. The small computer 10 of the control unit whose address matches the address specified in the control data actuates the switch 17 via the control logic 15 and sends feedback data to the control room via the transmitter S2. The unaddressed control units receive the feedback data output by the transmitter S2 of the selected control unit via their receiver E2 and pass the data on without further evaluation (switch 17 in the shown rest position) via their transmitter S2 and a control line 24 to the receiver E2 of the respective previous control unit . The transmitter S2 of the control unit A1 is connected via a control line 25 to the receiver of the control room, which transmits the feedback data to the computer 2 via the serial-parallel converter 7. The feedback data are thus passed on from one control unit to another in the same way as the control data. As a result, errors occurring on the transmission path can be localized without difficulty and the sub-lines 23, 24 each have the same length. The transmitters represent switchable voltage or current sources, while optoelectronic coupling elements are used as receivers. The relatively short sub-lines - the distance between two control units is approx. 3 m - are terminated with low impedance and therefore offer a guarantee for interference-free data transmission.

Wie bereits erwähnt, gibt der Kleinrechner 10 der adressierten Steuereinheit, z. B. A2, über den Parallel-Seriell-Wandler 13 und den umgeschalteten Schalter 17 Rückmeldedaten an den Sender S2 ab, der die Daten über den Empfänger E2, den Schalter 17 und den Sender S2 der vorhergehenden Steuereinheit, z. B. Ai, an den Empfänger 6 in der Steuerwarte weiterleitet. Der Rechner 2 in der Steuerwarte überprüft die Rückmeldedaten und gibt im Fehlerfall die ursprünglichen Steuerdaten erneut aus. Bleiben die Rückmeldedaten aus, erkennt der Rechner auf Fehler.As already mentioned, the small computer 10 gives the addressed control unit, e.g. B. A2, via the parallel-serial converter 13 and the switched switch 17 feedback data to the transmitter S2, the data on the receiver E2, the switch 17 and the transmitter S2 of the previous control unit, for. B. Ai, to the receiver 6 in the control room. The computer 2 in the control room checks the feedback data and outputs the original control data again in the event of an error. If the feedback data is missing, the computer recognizes errors.

Da die Steuereinheiten A1 bis An der Reihe nach zyklisch aufgerufen werden, nimmt die Anzahl der in den Übertragungsweg einbezogenen Einzelsteuerungen und der Verbindungsleitungen in definierter Weise zu. Dadurch ist es möglich, im Falle einer Störung die Fehlersuche zu vereinfachen. Eine weitere Möglichkeit zur Lokalisierung von Fehlern ist durch eine Prüfeinrichtung 29 gegeben, die in jeder Steuereinheit die Ausgänge der Empfänger E1 und E2 überwacht und zur Fehleranzeige beispielsweise Leuchtdioden enthält.Since the control units A1 to 1 are called cyclically one after the other, the number of individual controls involved in the transmission path and the connecting lines increases in a defined manner. This makes it possible to simplify troubleshooting in the event of a malfunction. A further possibility for the localization of errors is given by a test device 29 which monitors the outputs of the receivers E1 and E2 in each control unit and contains, for example, light-emitting diodes for displaying errors.

Die Empfänger E1, E2 und die Sender S1, S2 jeder der Steuereinheiten sind in Fig. 1 dem Datenaustausch zwischen der Steuerwarte und den einzelnen Steuereinheiten vorbehalten. Damit die Ausbaueinheiten unabhängig vom zyklischen Aufruf durch die Steuerwarte mit den Steuereinheiten, der jeweils benachbarten Ausbauten Datenaustausch führen können, ist jede Steuereinheit mit weiteren Sendern S3 bis S5 und weiteren Empfängern E3 bis E5 sowie einem eigenen Tastenfeld ausgestattet. Empfangen die Steuereinheiten über eine längere Zeitspanne keine Steuerdaten von der Steuerwarte, so schalten sie selbsttätig auf Betrieb ohne Steuerwarte um. Zum Betrieb der Steuereinheiten von Ort wi beispielsweise über das Tastenfeld ein im Kleinrechner gespeichertes Programm abgerufen. Der Kleinrechner der gewählten Steuereinheit, z. B. A2, liefert dann über den zugehörigen Sender S3 und die Verbindungsleitung 26 eine Empfangsaufforderung an den Empfänger E3 der in der Reihenfolge vorhergehenden Steuereinheit, z. B. A1, der seinersiets den Kleinrechner der Steuereinheit A1 auf Empfangsbereitschaft zum Nachbarausbau (im Beispiel A2) schaltet. Der Kleinrechner der gewählten Steuereinheit, z. B. A2, liefert nun über den Parallel-Seriell-Wandler 14, den Schalter 19, den Sender S5 und die Leitung 27 Steuerdaten an den Empfänger E5 der vorhergehenden Steuereinheit, z. B. A1, deren Steuerlogik 15 aufgrund der Aufnahmebereitschaft des Kleinrechners den Schalter 18 umgeschaltet hat, so daß die empfangenen Steuerdaten über den Seriell-Parallel-Wandler 12 an den Kleinrechner der Steuereinheit A1 gelangen. Der Kleinrechner 10 der Steuereinheit A1 liefert über den Parallel-Seriell-Wandler 14, den ebenfalls von der Steuerlogik umgeschalteten Schalter 19, den Sender S4 und die Leitung 28 Meldedaten an den Empfänger E4 der Steuereinheit A2 zurück. Über den nicht umgeschalteten Schalter 18 und den Seriell-Parrallel-Wandler 12 der Steuereinheit A2 erreichen die Rückmeldedaten den Kleinrechner 10. Jede Steuereinheit räumt dem Empfang von Steuerdaten der unmittelbar vorhergehenden Steuereinheit Vorrang ein. Es ist jedoch auch möglich, mit dem Tastenfeld ein Programm anzuwählen, das über den Parallel-Seriell-Wandler 14, den von der Steuerlogik umgeschalteten Schalter 19, den Sender S4 und den Empfänger E4 einen Übertragungsweg von einer Steuereinheit zu der in der Reigenfolge folgenden Steuereinheit bereitstellt. Auf diese Weise kann jede Steuereinheit Daten mit dem oder den linken oder rechten Nachbarn austauschen, ohne daß das Datenübertragungssystem der Steuerwarte in Anspruch genommen wird. Der Steuerlogik 15 jeder Steuereinheit ist eine Überwachungslogik 16 angegliedert, die bei Ausfall des Kleinrechners Sicherheitsfunktionen übernimmt und ein Weiterreichen der von der Steuerwarte oder vom rechten Nachbarn ausgegebenen Steuerdaten auf dem Übertragungsweg 23, 24 sicherstellt.The receivers E1, E2 and the transmitters S1, S2 of each of the control units in FIG. 1 are reserved for the data exchange between the control room and the individual control units. So that the expansion units can carry out data exchange between neighboring extensions regardless of the cyclical call by the control room with the control units, each control unit is equipped with further transmitters S3 to S5 and further receivers E3 to E5 and its own keypad. If the control units do not receive any control data from the control room for a longer period of time, they automatically switch to operation without a control room. To operate the control units from location wi, for example, a program stored in the small computer can be called up via the keypad. The small computer of the selected control unit, e.g. B. A2, then delivers via the associated transmitter S3 and the connecting line 26 a request for receipt to the receiver E3 of the control unit preceding in the order, for. B. A1, which switches the small computer of the control unit A1 to be ready to receive the neighboring extension (in the example A2). The small computer of the selected control unit, e.g. B. A2, now delivers via the parallel-serial converter 14, the switch 19, the transmitter S5 and the line 27 control data to the receiver E5 of the previous control unit, for. B. A1, the control logic 15 has switched the switch 18 due to the readiness of the small computer, so that the control data received via the serial-parallel converter 12 reach the small computer of the control unit A1. The small computer 10 of the control unit A1 supplies, via the parallel-serial converter 14, the switch 19 likewise switched by the control logic, the transmitter S4 and the line 28, reporting data to the receiver E4 of the control unit A2. The feedback data reach the small computer 10 via the non-switched switch 18 and the serial-parallel converter 12 of the control unit A2. Each control unit gives priority to the reception of control data of the immediately preceding control unit. However, it is also possible to use the keypad to select a program that can be accessed via the parallel-serial converter 14, the switch 19 switched by the control logic, the transmitter S4 and the receiver E4 provides a transmission path from a control unit to the control unit which follows in the sequence. In this way, each control unit can exchange data with the left or right neighbors without using the data transmission system of the control room. The control logic 15 of each control unit is associated with a monitoring logic 16, which takes over safety functions in the event of a failure of the small computer and ensures that the control data output by the control room or by the right neighbor is passed on via the transmission path 23, 24.

Die Steueranordnung nach Fig. 2 unterscheidet sich von der in Fig. 1 dargestellten im wesentlichen dadurch, daß der « Betrieb mit Steuerwarte oder der « Betrieb ohne Steuerwarte von der Steuerwarte aus vorgewählt wird und daß sowohl für den zyklischen Aufruf der Steuereinheiten A1 bis An durch die Steuerwarte als auch für den Datenaustausch der Steuereinheiten mit den jeweils benachbarten Steuereinheiten bei Ausfall der Steuerwarte nur die Leitungen 23 und 24 verwendet werden. Zu diesem Zweck enthält die Steuerwarte einen weiteren Sender 36, der über eine Steuerleitung 30 mit einem Empfänger E6 in der unmittelbar an die Steuerwarte angeschlossenen Steuereinheit A1 verbunden ist und über diesem dem Kleinrechner 10 der Steuereinheit A1 die gewählte Betriebsart übermittelt. Die gewählte Betriebsart wird von dem Empfänger E6 gleichzeitig über die Steuerleitung 37 und den Sender S6 auf den Empfänger E6 der folgenden Steuereinheit usw. übertragen. Der Kleinrechner 10 der Steuereinheiten A2 bis An kann nun, wie beim Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 1 beschrieben, eine Empfangsaufforderung an den Empfänger E3 der jeweils vorhergehenden Steuereinheit abgeben. Ein weiterer Unterschied besteht darin, daß in jeder Steuereinheit der Empfänger E1 über in Reihe liegende Schalter 31 und 32 mit dem Sender S1 und über einen Schalter 35 mit dem Seriell-Parallel-Wandler 11 und in analoger Weise der Empfänger E2 mit dem Sender S2 über in Reihe liegende Schalter 33, 34 und über den gegebenenfalls von der Steuerlogik 15 umgeschalteten Schalter 35 mit dem Wandler 11 verbunden ist. In der in der Zeichnung wiedergegebenen Ruhestellung der Schalter 31 bis 35 übergibt der Empfänger E1 die einlaufenden Steuerdaten an den Sender S1 der Steuereinheit und gleichzeitig über den Seriell-Parallel-Wandler 11 an den Kleinrechner 10 der Steuereinheit. Der Sender S1 der Steuereinheit leitet die Steuerdaten an den Empfänger E1 der Steuereinheit A2 weiter und so fort, bis schließlich die Steuerdaten die Steuereinheit An erreichen.The control arrangement according to Fig. 2 differs from that shown in Fig. 1 essentially in that the "operation with control room or" operation without control room is preselected from the control room and that both for the cyclical call of the control units A1 to An by the control room as well as for the data exchange of the control units with the respective neighboring control units if the control room fails only the lines 23 and 24 are used. For this purpose, the control room contains a further transmitter 36, which is connected via a control line 30 to a receiver E6 in the control unit A1 directly connected to the control room and transmits the selected operating mode to the small computer 10 of the control unit A1. The selected operating mode is transmitted from the receiver E6 simultaneously via the control line 37 and the transmitter S6 to the receiver E6 of the following control unit etc. The small computer 10 of the control units A2 to An can now, as described in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, issue a reception request to the receiver E3 of the respective previous control unit. Another difference is that in each control unit the receiver E1 via switches 31 and 32 in series with the transmitter S1 and via a switch 35 with the serial-parallel converter 11 and in an analogous manner the receiver E2 with the transmitter S2 switches 33, 34 located in series and connected to the converter 11 via the switch 35, which may be switched by the control logic 15. In the rest position of the switches 31 to 35 shown in the drawing, the receiver E1 transfers the incoming control data to the transmitter S1 of the control unit and at the same time via the serial-parallel converter 11 to the small computer 10 of the control unit. The transmitter S1 of the control unit forwards the control data to the receiver E1 of the control unit A2 and so on until the control data finally reach the control unit An.

In jeder der Steuereinheiten werden die Steuerdaten decodiert. Die Steuereinheit, deren Adresse mit der in den Steuerdaten enthaltenen Adresse übereinstimm, sendet Rückmeldedaten an die Steuerwarte. Dabei reichen die nichtadressierten Steuereinheiten die von der jeweils in der Reinhenfolge folgenden Steuereinheit über den Empfänger E2 empfangenen Signale und ihren Sender S2 ohne weitere Auswertung an die in der Reihenfolge vorhergehende Steuereinheit weiter. Hierzu schaltet der Kleinrechner der adressierten Steuereinheit über die Steuerlogik 15 die Schalter 33 und 34 derart, daß die zu sendenden Daten über den Parallel-Seriell-Wandler den Sender S2 ansteuern. Der Sender S2 überträgt die vom Rechner aufbereiteten Daten an den Empfänger E2 der jeweils vorhergehenden nichtadressierten Steuereinheit, die die Daten unbesehen über ihren Sender S2 an die vor ihr liegende Steuereinheit weiterleitet, bis schließlich der Empfänger 6 in der Steuerwarte die Daten annimmt. Wird über den Sender 36 « Betrieb ohne Steuerwarte vorgegeben, so werden alle Steuereinheiten auf diese Betriebsart umgeschaltet. Wenn die Steuerleitung 30 unterbrochen ist, erkennen die Steuereinheiten selbsttätig auf die Betriebsart « Betrieb ohne Steuerwarte ». In diesem Fall ist der Übertragungsweg von und zur Steuerwarte unterbunden, jede Steuereinheit kann Datenaustausch mit ihren Nachbarn über die Verbindungsleitungen 23, 24 zu den benachbarten Steuereinheiten aufnehmen.The control data is decoded in each of the control units. The control unit, whose address matches the address contained in the control data, sends feedback data to the control room. The unaddressed control units pass on the signals received by the control unit following in sequence via the receiver E2 and their transmitter S2 to the control unit preceding the sequence without further evaluation. For this purpose, the small computer of the addressed control unit switches the switches 33 and 34 via the control logic 15 in such a way that the data to be sent control the transmitter S2 via the parallel-serial converter. The transmitter S2 transmits the data prepared by the computer to the receiver E2 of the respectively previous unaddressed control unit, which passes the data on to the control unit in front of it, unseen, until the receiver 6 in the control room finally accepts the data. If operation without a control room is specified via the transmitter 36, all control units are switched to this operating mode. If the control line 30 is interrupted, the control units automatically recognize the operating mode “operation without control room”. In this case, the transmission path to and from the control room is prevented; each control unit can start data exchange with its neighbors via the connecting lines 23, 24 to the neighboring control units.

Nach Umschaltung auf « Betrieb ohne Steuerwarte » betätigt zunächst der Kleinrechner in jeder Steuereinheit über die Steuerlogik die Schalter 31 und 33 derart, daß die Sender S1 und S2 abgeschaltet sind und nur mehr ein Ruhesignal abgeben. Die Schalter 32, 34 und 35 behalten ihre dargestellte Ruhestellung bei. Damit ist der Kleinrechner bereit, Steuerdaten von der jeweils vorhergehenden Steuereinheit zu empfangen. Treffen Steuerdaten von der vorhergehenden Steuereinheit ein, kann der Rechner der empfangenden Steuereinheit den Sender S2 über die von der Steuerlogik zu betätigenden Schalter 33 und 34 an den Parallel-Seriell-Wandler 13 schalten und Rückmeldedaten abgeben.After switching to "operation without a control room", the small computer in each control unit first actuates the switches 31 and 33 via the control logic in such a way that the transmitters S1 and S2 are switched off and only emit an idle signal. The switches 32, 34 and 35 maintain their rest position shown. The small computer is thus ready to receive control data from the respective previous control unit. If control data arrives from the preceding control unit, the computer of the receiving control unit can switch the transmitter S2 to the parallel-serial converter 13 via the switches 33 and 34 to be actuated by the control logic and output feedback data.

Wird von dem Sender S3 eine Empfangsaufforderung an die vorhergehende Steuereinheit abgegeben, so koppelt der Kleinrechner dieser Steuereinheit den Empfänger E2 über den Schalter 35 an den Seriell-Parallel-Wandler 11 an und ist damit empfangsbereit. Zur Abgabe von Rückmeldedaten wird der Sender S1 über die Schalter 31 und 32 an den Parallel-Seriell-Wandler 13 angeschlossen.If the S3 sends a request for receipt to the preceding control unit, the small computer of this control unit couples the receiver E2 to the serial-parallel converter 11 via the switch 35 and is thus ready to receive. To output feedback data, the transmitter S1 is connected to the parallel-serial converter 13 via switches 31 and 32.

Für das Senden der Steuerdaten von einer Steuereinheit auf die nächstfolgende ist eine Empfangsaufforderung nicht erforderlich. Der die Steuerdaten empfangende Kleinrechner der folgenden Steuerinheit stellt über die Steuerlogik und die Schalter 33 und 34 die Verbindung zwischen dem Sender S2 und dem Parallel-Seriell-Wandler 13 her.A request for receipt is not required for sending the control data from one control unit to the next one. The small computer of the following control unit receiving the control data establishes the connection between the transmitter S2 and the parallel-serial converter 13 via the control logic and the switches 33 and 34.

Claims (10)

1. Arrangement for controlling a self-advancing mine roof support assembly in underground mining, comprising respectively a control unit (A) associated with n roof support units that can be individually selected, and containing an electronic evaluating circuit (9), and a control room (1) which is provided with a system transmitting serially to the control units (A1 to An) control data put out by a computer (2), and with a device (8) indicating the state of the roof support assembly and with an input device (3) for selecting the computer program, characterised in that a first receiver (E1) disposed in each of the control units (A1 to An) and receiving the control data is connected to the evaluating circuit (9) and to a first transmitter (S1) which is connected via a control line (23) to the first receiver (E1) of the control unit directly following, and a second transmitter (S2) provided in each of the control units (e. g. A2) and giving off answerback data, which transmitter is connected via a further control line (24) to a second receiver (E2) of the control unit (e. g. A1) directly preceding, is able to be attached via a switch (17) to the evaluating circuit (9) or to the second receiver (E2) of the control unit (A2).
2. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the evaluating circuit (9) comprises a mini computer (10) and at least one converter (11, 12; 13, 14) attached to this for the serial-parallel or parallel-serial transmission of the control- or answerback data, as well as a control logic (15).
3. Arrangement according to claim 2, characterised in that each of the control units (al to An) contains a third transmitter (S3) and a third receiver (E3) for initiating data communication, independent of the control room (1), between the control units (e. g. A1, A2) of two adjacent roof support units.
4. Arrangement according to claim 3, characterised in that two further transmitters (S4, S5) that can be connected via a second switch (19) to the evaluating circuit (9) and two further receivers (E4, E5) that can be connected via a third switch (18) to the evaluating circuit (9) and the further transmitters (S3 to S5) are connected respectively via a further circuit (26, 28 or 27) to the corresponding further receiver (E3 to E5) of the adjacent control unit.
5. Arrangement according to claim 2, characterised in that each of the control units (A1 to An) contains two further transmitters (S3, S6) and receivers (E3, E6), of which the third transmitter (S3) connected to the mini computer (10) is connected via a second circuit (26) to the third receiver (E3) of the respectively preceding control unit and of which the fourth receiver (E6), whose output is connected to the mini computer and the fourth transmitter (S6) of the same control unit, is connected via a third circuit (37) to the fourth transmitter (S6) of the respectively preceding control unit or to a transmitter (36) additionally provided in the transmission system in the control room (1).
6. Arrangement according to claim 5, characterised in that by means of the control logic (15) the first and the second receivers (E1 and E2) of the control units (A1 to An) can be connected via a switch (35) to the serial-parallel converter (11), and the first and the second transmitters (S1 and S2) can be connected via a second switch (32 or 34) to the associated receiver (E1 or E2) or to the parallel-serial converter (13).
7. Arrangement according to claim 6, characterised in that between the transmitters (S1, S2) and the second switches (32 or 34) there is disposed respectively a third switch (31 or 33) actuated by the control logic (15).
8. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterised in that connected at the outputs of the first and second receivers (E1, E2) of the control units (A1 to An) there is respectively a test device (29) releasing a preferably optical signal.
9. Arrangement according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the receivers (6, E) are opto-electronic coupling elements.
10. Arrangement according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the transmitters (5, 36, S) are connectable voltage- or current sources.
EP81108648A 1980-12-02 1981-10-21 Arrangement for the control of a self-advancing support in underground mining Expired EP0053270B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE3045452A DE3045452C1 (en) 1980-12-02 1980-12-02 Arrangement for controlling a progressive development in underground mining
DE3045452 1980-12-02

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EP0053270A1 EP0053270A1 (en) 1982-06-09
EP0053270B1 true EP0053270B1 (en) 1984-07-04

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EP (1) EP0053270B1 (en)
AU (1) AU553180B2 (en)
DE (2) DE3045452C1 (en)
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US4398851A (en) 1983-08-16
DE3164596D1 (en) 1984-08-09
DE3045452C1 (en) 1982-07-01
AU553180B2 (en) 1986-07-03
AU7813381A (en) 1982-06-10
ZA818319B (en) 1982-10-27
EP0053270A1 (en) 1982-06-09

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