EP0052554B1 - Variable distribution device for an internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Variable distribution device for an internal-combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0052554B1
EP0052554B1 EP81401761A EP81401761A EP0052554B1 EP 0052554 B1 EP0052554 B1 EP 0052554B1 EP 81401761 A EP81401761 A EP 81401761A EP 81401761 A EP81401761 A EP 81401761A EP 0052554 B1 EP0052554 B1 EP 0052554B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rocker arm
cams
rocker
combustion engine
elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81401761A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0052554A1 (en
Inventor
Claude Henault
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Regie Nationale des Usines Renault
Original Assignee
Regie Nationale des Usines Renault
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Regie Nationale des Usines Renault filed Critical Regie Nationale des Usines Renault
Publication of EP0052554A1 publication Critical patent/EP0052554A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0052554B1 publication Critical patent/EP0052554B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/26—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of two or more valves operated simultaneously by same transmitting-gear; peculiar to machines or engines with more than two lift-valves per cylinder
    • F01L1/267—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of two or more valves operated simultaneously by same transmitting-gear; peculiar to machines or engines with more than two lift-valves per cylinder with means for varying the timing or the lift of the valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
    • F01L1/181—Centre pivot rocking arms

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a variable distribution device for modifying at will the distribution of an internal combustion engine with spark ignition.
  • the distribution is ensured by a camshaft carrying an intake cam and an exhaust cam controlling respectively, either directly or via a rocker arm, the intake and exhaust valves.
  • a camshaft carrying an intake cam and an exhaust cam controlling respectively, either directly or via a rocker arm, the intake and exhaust valves.
  • patent FR-A-2,406,087 discloses a variable distribution device for starting four-stroke and air compression engines, in which a rocker arm can be moved axially using hydraulic means to lean against one or two cams of a camshaft.
  • this device has the disadvantages of comprising relatively complex hydraulic means and of requiring significant axial displacement of the rocker arm.
  • Patent FR-A-393,826 describes a gear change device for a combustion engine also comprising two cams as well as two rollers, one of which is retracted and the other interposed between one of the cams and a rocker in a first position, and vice versa in a second position, the passage from the first to the second position being controlled by rotation around the camshaft by means of a lever.
  • Such a device is naturally very bulky and has many parts affecting its reliability.
  • the invention aims to provide a variable distribution device with two stages, therefore with two cams, which is particularly simple and compact.
  • a variable distribution device for an internal combustion engine comprising, for each intake valve, a composite rocker arm with selectively aocouplable elements cooperating with two cams of configuration suitable for different loads of the engine, characterized in what the rocker arm comprises, on either side of a rocker element slidably mounted on a rocker shaft and controlling the intake valve, two rocker elements each cooperating with one of the two aforementioned cams, the sliding rocker element being coupled by engagement of shapes conjugate with one or the other of the two rocker elements using a translation control along the axis.
  • These intake cams C 1 , C 2 are intended to actuate respectively two rocker arms 2 and 3 articulated on an axis 13 and immobilized in translation by pins 14 moving in corresponding grooves provided on the internal face of the rocker arms.
  • the rocker arms 2, 3 are provided with latching means, for example a notched structure (15), intended to be fitted into a corresponding structure provided on each of the side faces of the element. connectable 1 common to the two rocker arms 2, 3.
  • This connectable element 1 can be actuated in translation by means of a control device 7, 8 enabling it to be engaged either on the rocker arm 2 or on the rocker arm 3 and to respectively control the valve 10 or the cam Ci or by cam C2.
  • the disconnectable element 1 mounted to slide on the axis 13 is shaped so as to present on the one hand a zone cooperating with the fork 8 secured to the shaft 7, and on the other hand a zone 1 b carrying a rocker screw that can slide a sufficient distance because the upper face of the cup 10a is at the level of the valve stem 10.
  • Springs 5, 6 are respectively provided for holding the rocker arms 2, 3 in abutment on their respective cams C 1 , C 2 .
  • the means for controlling the element 1 in translation on the axis 13 can be actuated in any suitable manner, for example mechanically, hydraulically (using the engine oil pressure) or electrically.
  • Such a device provided that the cams are suitably sized, that is to say one optimized for partial loads, the other for full loads, ensures a good compromise in operation over the entire range engine speed and load.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un dispositif de distribution variable permettant de modifier à volonté la distribution d'un moteur à combustion interne à allumage commandé.The present invention relates to a variable distribution device for modifying at will the distribution of an internal combustion engine with spark ignition.

De nombreux dispositifs de l'art antérieur visent à modifier la distribution d'un moteur à combustion interne de manière à adapter celle-ci pour toutes les conditions de marche et plus particulièrement dans les conditions de marche en charge partielle.Many devices of the prior art aim to modify the distribution of an internal combustion engine so as to adapt it for all operating conditions and more particularly in operating conditions under partial load.

Généralement, la distribution est assurée par un arbre à cames portant une came d'admission et une came d'échappement pilotant respectivement, soit directement soit par l'intermédiaire d'un culbuteur, les soupapes d'admission et d'échappement. Pour assurer un calage en phase et en amplitude correct pour toutes les conditions de marche, il faudrait une infinité de cames, ce qui se traduirait par une réalisation complexe et onéreuse.Generally, the distribution is ensured by a camshaft carrying an intake cam and an exhaust cam controlling respectively, either directly or via a rocker arm, the intake and exhaust valves. To ensure correct phase and amplitude adjustment for all operating conditions, an infinite number of cams would be required, which would result in a complex and expensive production.

On connaît par ailleurs par le brevet FR-A-2.406.087 un dispositif de distribution variable pour le démarrage de moteurs à quatre temps et à compression d'air, dans lequel un culbuteur peut être déplacé axialement à l'aide de moyens hydrauliques pour prendre appui contre une ou deux cames d'un arbre à cames. Toutefois, ce dispositif a pour Inconvénients de comporter des moyens hydrauliques relativement complexes et de nécessiter un déplacement axial important du culbuteur.Furthermore, patent FR-A-2,406,087 discloses a variable distribution device for starting four-stroke and air compression engines, in which a rocker arm can be moved axially using hydraulic means to lean against one or two cams of a camshaft. However, this device has the disadvantages of comprising relatively complex hydraulic means and of requiring significant axial displacement of the rocker arm.

Le brevet FR-A-393 826 décrit un appareil de changement de marche pour moteur à combustion comportant également deux cames ainsi que deux galets dont l'un est escamoté et l'autre interposé entre l'une des cames et un culbuteur dans une première position, et inversement dans une seconde position, le passage de la première à la seconde position étant commandé par rotation autour de l'arbre à cames au moyen d'un levier. Un tel appareil est naturellement très encombrant et comporte de nombreuses pièces affectant sa fiabilité.Patent FR-A-393,826 describes a gear change device for a combustion engine also comprising two cams as well as two rollers, one of which is retracted and the other interposed between one of the cams and a rocker in a first position, and vice versa in a second position, the passage from the first to the second position being controlled by rotation around the camshaft by means of a lever. Such a device is naturally very bulky and has many parts affecting its reliability.

L'invention vise à fournir un dispositif de distribution variable à deux étages, donc à deux cames, qui soit particulièrement simple et peu encombrant.The invention aims to provide a variable distribution device with two stages, therefore with two cams, which is particularly simple and compact.

A cet effet, elle a pour objet un dispositif de distribution variable pour moteur à combustion Interne comprenant, pour chaque soupape d'admission, un culbuteur composite à éléments sélectivement aocouplables coopérant avec deux cames de configuration appropriée à des charges différentes du moteur, caractérisé en ce que le culbuteur comprend, de part et d'autre d'un élément de culbuteur monté coulissant sur un axe de culbuteur et commandant la soupape d'admission, deux éléments de culbuteur coopérant chacun avec l'une des deux cames précitées, l'élément de culbuteur coulissant étant accoupla- bte par engagement de formes conjuguées avec l'un ou l'autre des deux éléments de culbuteur à l'aide d'une commande de translation le long de l'axe.To this end, it relates to a variable distribution device for an internal combustion engine comprising, for each intake valve, a composite rocker arm with selectively aocouplable elements cooperating with two cams of configuration suitable for different loads of the engine, characterized in what the rocker arm comprises, on either side of a rocker element slidably mounted on a rocker shaft and controlling the intake valve, two rocker elements each cooperating with one of the two aforementioned cams, the sliding rocker element being coupled by engagement of shapes conjugate with one or the other of the two rocker elements using a translation control along the axis.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description non limitative suivante d'une forme de réalisation de dispositif de distribution variable discontinue pour moteur à combustion interne, en référence au dessin annexé dans lequel :

  • la figure 1 est une vue latérale du dispositif de distribution variable selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue de dessus du dispositif de la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue latérale en coupe transverse partielle du dispositif de la figure 1.
The invention will be better understood on reading the following nonlimiting description of an embodiment of a discontinuous variable distribution device for an internal combustion engine, with reference to the appended drawing in which:
  • Figure 1 is a side view of the variable dispensing device according to the invention;
  • Figure 2 is a top view of the device of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a side view in partial transverse section of the device in FIG. 1.

Sur l'arbre à cames du dispositif de distribution variable selon l'invention sont montées deux cames d'admission C1, C2 et une came d'échappement C3.On the camshaft of the variable distribution device according to the invention are mounted two intake cams C 1 , C 2 and an exhaust cam C 3 .

Ces cames d'admission C1, C2 sont destinées à actionner respectivement deux culbuteurs 2 et 3 articulés sur un axe 13 et immobilisés en translation par des pions 14 se déplaçant dans des rainures correspondantes prévues sur la face interne des culbuteurs. Sur leurs faces latérales en regard, les culbuteurs 2, 3 sont pourvus de moyens d'enclenchement, par exemple une structure à crans (15), destinée à venir s'emboîter dans une structure correspondante prévue sur chacune des faces latérales de l'élément connectable 1 commun aux deux culbuteurs 2, 3.These intake cams C 1 , C 2 are intended to actuate respectively two rocker arms 2 and 3 articulated on an axis 13 and immobilized in translation by pins 14 moving in corresponding grooves provided on the internal face of the rocker arms. On their facing side faces, the rocker arms 2, 3 are provided with latching means, for example a notched structure (15), intended to be fitted into a corresponding structure provided on each of the side faces of the element. connectable 1 common to the two rocker arms 2, 3.

Cet élément connectable 1 est susceptible d'être actionné en translation au moyen d'un dispositif de commande 7, 8 permettant de l'enclencher soit sur le culbuteur 2 soit sur le culbuteur 3 et de commander respectivement la soupape 10 soit la came Ci soit par la came C2.This connectable element 1 can be actuated in translation by means of a control device 7, 8 enabling it to be engaged either on the rocker arm 2 or on the rocker arm 3 and to respectively control the valve 10 or the cam Ci or by cam C2.

A cet effet, l'élément déconnectable 1 monté à coulisse sur l'axe 13 est conformé de façon à présenter d'une part une zone la coopérant avec la fourchette 8 solidarisée à l'arbre 7, et d'autre part une zone 1 b portant une vis de culbuteur pouvant glisser sur une distance suffisante du fait que la face supérieure de la coupelle 10a est au niveau de la queue 10 de soupape.To this end, the disconnectable element 1 mounted to slide on the axis 13 is shaped so as to present on the one hand a zone cooperating with the fork 8 secured to the shaft 7, and on the other hand a zone 1 b carrying a rocker screw that can slide a sufficient distance because the upper face of the cup 10a is at the level of the valve stem 10.

Des ressorts 5, 6 sont respectivement prévus pour maintenir les culbuteurs 2, 3 en appui sur leurs cames respectives C1, C2.Springs 5, 6 are respectively provided for holding the rocker arms 2, 3 in abutment on their respective cams C 1 , C 2 .

Les moyens de commande de l'élément 1 en translation sur l'axe 13 peuvent être actionnés de toute façon appropriée, par exemple mécaniquement, hydrauliquement (en utilisant la pression d'huile du moteur) ou électriquement.The means for controlling the element 1 in translation on the axis 13 can be actuated in any suitable manner, for example mechanically, hydraulically (using the engine oil pressure) or electrically.

Un tel dispositif, pour autant que les cames soient judicieusement dimensionnées, c'est-à-dire l'une optimisée pour les charges partielles, l'autre pour les pleines charges, permet d'assurer un bon compromis de fonctionnement sur toute la plage de régime et de charge d'un moteur.Such a device, provided that the cams are suitably sized, that is to say one optimized for partial loads, the other for full loads, ensures a good compromise in operation over the entire range engine speed and load.

Il est évident que l'invention n'est nullement limitée à la forme de réalisation décrite ci-dessus, mais qu'elle englobe toutes les modifications et variantes issues du même principe de base; c'est ainsi qu'on peut également prévoir que l'élément connectable 1 présente un débattement suffisant en translation sur l'axe 13 pour ne s'enclencher avec aucun des culbuteurs, mettant ainsi le cylindre hors service.It is obvious that the invention is in no way limited to the embodiment described above, but that it encompasses all the modifications and variants stemming from the same basic principle; this is as can also be expected that the connectable element 1 has sufficient travel in translation on the axis 13 so as not to engage with any of the rocker arms, thus putting the cylinder out of service.

Claims (2)

1. A variable valve timing device for an internal combustion engine comprising, for each inlet valve, a composite rocker arm (1-3) comprising selectively couplable elements co-operating with two cams (C1, C2) of a configuration appropriate to different engine loads, characterised in that the rocker arm comprises, on respective sides of a rocker arm element (1) mounted slidably on a rocker shaft (13) and controlling the inlet valve, two rocker arm elements (2, 3) each co-operating with one of said two cams (Ci, C2) ; the slidable rocker arm element (1) being couplable by the engagement of interacting shapes (15) with one or other of the two rocker arm elements (2, 3) by means of a translatory actuating motion (7, 8) along the shaft (13).
2. A variable valve timing device according to claim 1, characterised in that said slidable rocker arm element (1) comprises a neutral position between the two rocker arm elements (2, 3) to which it can be coupled, corresponding to a control position for rendering inoperative the valve and the corresponding cylinder of the engine.
EP81401761A 1980-11-13 1981-11-03 Variable distribution device for an internal-combustion engine Expired EP0052554B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8024129A FR2493915B1 (en) 1980-11-13 1980-11-13 VARIABLE DISTRIBUTION DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE
FR8024129 1980-11-13

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0052554A1 EP0052554A1 (en) 1982-05-26
EP0052554B1 true EP0052554B1 (en) 1983-09-14

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Family Applications (1)

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EP81401761A Expired EP0052554B1 (en) 1980-11-13 1981-11-03 Variable distribution device for an internal-combustion engine

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US4448156A (en)
EP (1) EP0052554B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS57110708A (en)
DE (1) DE3160884D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2493915B1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2493915B1 (en) 1985-12-06
EP0052554A1 (en) 1982-05-26
FR2493915A1 (en) 1982-05-14
US4448156A (en) 1984-05-15
JPS57110708A (en) 1982-07-09
DE3160884D1 (en) 1983-10-20

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