EP0051548A1 - Hook for a dobby and the like - Google Patents

Abstract

In the lower position of the hooks (1) there are means of orienting them so that the end (2a) of their upper beak (2) is offset relative to the corresponding edge of the claws (8a). These means are constituted by a bump (1a) of the hook and by a fixed finger (11). Armor mechanism of the Verdol type.

Description

The present invention relates to improvements made to the hooks of an armor mechanism intended to control the formation of the crowd of a loom. It also targets the dobbies which unlike the mechanics proper do not command a multiplicity of independent healds but heald frames.

There are a large number of ways of making armor or dobby mechanical hooks in order to improve the performance of the machines in question. It is often planned to use the bars of a fixed or mobile grid to act on the hooks with a view to subjecting them to bending intended to move their usual beaks so that they escape or, on the contrary, they are gripped by the claws of the lower or upper frames. In general, the action of the bars on the hooks is carried out when the latter have a high speed of movement so that they undergo significant friction and / or violent shocks. In addition, it is often necessary to move the upper claw frame to allow the hooks to descend, the minimum lateral movement of this frame being a function of the hook load. As in most cases, the lateral displacement of the frames takes place when this load is high, the hooks are subjected to too high a stress.

We have also thought of making hooks which separate into two layers depending on whether they go up or down, said hooks pressing against the claws which drive them. For this purpose, the claws are arranged parallel to the needles by means of which the hooks are pressed. As in this case we want to be able to effectively cross the claws, the space between the two claws of a hook which belong to the two frames is relatively small while the displacement in the direction perpendicular to the needles due to the attachment to a claw is weak, therefore delicate. ^{Such a} device is described in French patent 76.22605. This arrangement does not allow to have a correct relative movement between the hooks spouts and the claws due to the play generated by the sliding of said spouts on the corresponding claws.

There are also single-branch hooks requiring the use of a two-cylinder Jacquard mechanism, which is a major drawback due to the cost of such a mechanism.

In other arrangements, hooks have been provided which require the use of two movable grids, which complicates the manufacture of the machines using such hooks.

During an incident, the looms generally stop suddenly. Given their inertia, certain hooks being in upward movement during the stop take off claws. This phenomenon is detrimental if the hook is under stress at this time because it does not fall on the claw but it returns directly to its rest position, that is to say by pressing on the bottom board. This incident risks damaging the hooks and causing problems when restarting the looms because the position of the hooks is then undetermined.

The improvements which are the subject of the present invention aim to remedy the drawbacks of the hooks and devices acting on them currently existing on the market and to allow the production of an armor mechanism whose hooks are only subjected to very low stresses during operation.

Thus in the low position, that is to say when they rest on the bottom board, the hooks are simply pressed against a stop. They are only flexed during the press so when they are at zero speed. There is therefore no friction. When the hooks are taken by the claws of the upper frame, that is to say they rise, the contact with the stopper is very short and occurs at high speed. low. Again the friction is very reduced.

Thanks to the arrangement according to the invention, the bending of the hooks which is necessary to obtain the return of the movement of the press needles takes place when the hook is placed on the bottom board. The press is therefore not dependent or very little on the hook load, which makes it possible to obtain a regular press.

Because the claws of the frames are arranged in the conventional direction the space between the blades likely to interest a hook is much larger than when said claws are oriented parallel to the needles, so that the hooks established in accordance with the invention may be subject to wear without adversely affecting the general functioning.

• Fig. 1 à 12 illustrent l'un des crochets d'une mécanique d'armure comportant application des perfectionnements suivant l'invention, à ses différentes positions pendant la marche de la mécanique.
• Fig. 13 est une vue semblable à celle de fig. 12 mais illustrant une variante d'exécution du crochet de manière qu'il puisse fonctionner avec une presse inversée.
• Fig. 14 est une vue semblable à celle de fig. 11 mais montrant une variante de réalisation du crochet, son extrémité supérieure étant décalée.
• Fig. 15 illustre encore une variante d'un crochet propre à permettre un croisement réel des griffes.
• Fig. 16 montre une autre variante permettant d'améliorer le fonctionnement au moment du croisement des becs des crochets et des griffes des cadres.
• Fig. 17 est une vue semblable à celle de fig. 13 mais illustrant la prise de bec supérieur du crochet par la lame correspondante du cadre supérieur en position basse.

The appended drawing, given by way of example, will allow a better understanding of the invention, the characteristics which it presents and the advantages which it is capable of providing:

• Fig. 1 to 12 illustrate one of the hooks of an armor mechanism comprising application of the improvements according to the invention, at its different positions during the operation of the mechanism.
• Fig. 13 is a view similar to that of FIG. 12 but illustrating an alternative embodiment of the hook so that it can operate with an inverted press.
• Fig. 14 is a view similar to that of FIG. 11 but showing an alternative embodiment of the hook, its upper end being offset.
• Fig. 15 also illustrates a variant of a hook suitable for allowing real claw crossing.
• Fig. 16 shows another variant making it possible to improve the operation at the time of crossing the hook hooks and the frame claws.
• Fig. 17 is a view similar to that of FIG. 13 but illustrating the upper spout of the hook by the corresponding blade of the upper frame in the low position.

Illustrated in fig. 1 a hook 1 of armor or dobby mechanics in the form of a straight metal rod whose upper end is provided with a spout 2. Another spout 3 oriented opposite the first is placed in the upper part of the hook below the first, as is well known in practice. The lower part of the hook 1 is provided with a stop 4 intended to rest on a usual bottom board 5 which the hook passes through in a frustoconical perforation 5a. A third spout 6 is associated with the bottom of the hook 1. It will be noted that the three spouts are rectilinear and oriented obliquely downwards.

A needle 7 crosses the hook 1 to which it is linked by a loop 7a that said hook passes through.

The spouts 2 and 3 of the hook 1 are intended to cooperate with claws 8a, 9a respectively of an upper frame 8 and a lower frame 9.

We also note the presence of a lower blade 10 called open pitch blade and on which rests the spout 6 when it is desired that the hook remains in the high position.

We will not return in more detail to the above description which corresponds to an arrangement well known in practice.

According to the invention, the hook 1 is provided with a camber or bump 1a situated in the plane of the spouts 2 and 3 and which in the low position of this hook is in abutment against a stop produced in the form of a fixed finger 11 which can moreover be constituted by one of the bars of a grid fixed. As illustrated in fig. 1 the orientation of the hook 1 in the low position, that is to say its stop 4 resting on the bottom board 5, is determined by the support of the bump la against the finger 11. In the position shown l end 2a of the spout 2 is slightly offset with respect to the claw 8a so that when the latter rises it hooks the spout 2 first by its end and then over its entire length due to the relative displacement of the latter Ci with respect to the inclined upper face of the claw. We observe that the hump hardly makes the hook work on bending, its role being only to orient it. When the hump 1a does not cooperate with the finger 11, each hook 1 works in the same way as the usual hooks for a branch of known armor mechanics.

In fig. 2 the spout 2 of the hook 1 has been gripped by the claw 8a of the upper frame 8 so that, when coming down from this frame 8 the spout 6 is retained by the blade 10 which corresponds to the open step position (fig. 3). If it is desired for the hook 1 to descend, the needle 7 is moved in the direction of the arrow 12 (fig. 4) when the frame 8 has completed its complete travel, that is to say when it is located at the top dead center of the latter. At this moment the beak 6 is slightly above the blade 10 so that the movement (called press in the art) of the needle 7 to the right spreads said beak so that when the frame 8 descends it escapes the blade 10.

The position of fig. 5 corresponds to the passage of the lower spout 3 of the hook next to the claw 9a of the lower frame 9 which rises while the hook descends. It is noted that due to the lateral movement to the right of the spout 2 as a result of its sliding relative to the claw 8a, the end of the spout 3 does not come into contact with the claw 9a so that the crossing can be perform without problem.

Illustrated in fig. 6 the position of the hook 1 when it is not desired to be mounted by the claw 8a of the upper frame 8. For this purpose, press (according to arrow 12) on the needle 7 so as to camber the hook which then rests on the one hand against the finger 11 and on the other hand against the side wall of the perforation 5a. This deformation causes the spout 2 to shift to the left so that when the claw 8a rises it does not catch said spout.

Fig. 7 is a view similar to that of FIG. 1 but showing the claw frames 8 and 9 in their most distant position from one another, while in fig. 1 they are shown in their closest position.

When the frames 8 and 9 occupy the position illustrated in FIG. 7 the hooks 1 can be raised by the action of the claws 9a of the frame 9 on the spouts 3. Indeed in FIG. 1 and 7 the ends 2a, 3a of the spouts 2 and 3 are slightly offset relative to the corresponding face of the claws so that if one or the other rises, it hooks the spout 2 respectively (fig. . 1) or the spout 3 (fig. 7). As a result of the lateral displacement of the hook due to the cooperation of the inclined spout 3 with the upper oblique face of the claw 9a, the spout 2 avoids the claw 8a when the frame 8 descends. Fig. 8 illustrates the hook during elevation driven by the claw 9a of the lower frame 9.

When the two frames move away from each other again, that is to say that the lower frame goes down again, if we do not act on the hook by pressing through the needle 7, this hook remains in the high position by cooperation of its beak 6 with the open pitch blade 10 (fig. 9).

If a press along the arrow 12 is exerted by the needle 7 in the high position of the hook (fig. 10) the beak 6 escapes the open pitch blade 10, and it descends to its low position in fig. 7.

As with reference to fig. 5 the position of the hook illustrated in fig. 11 shows how the translation of the hook caused by the cooperation of the spout 3 with the claw 9a causes such an orientation of the hook that its spout 2 can cross the claw 8a when it goes up and the hook goes down.

If you exercise the press according to arrow 12 on the hook located as illustrated in fig. 7, its flexion between the finger 11 and the lateral face of the perforation 5a of the bottom board 5 causes the spout 3 to be offset out of the reach of the claw 9a so that when the latter is raised it cannot act on the hook which remains in its original position (fig. 12).

Of course the hook established in accordance with the invention can very well be used during an inverted press as illustrated diagrammatically in FIG. 13 in which the orientation of the hooks spouts has been reversed so as not to change the direction 12 of the press. It is observed that under the influence of this press the spout 3 comes to be placed above the groove 9a of the lower frame 9, so that when the said frame is raised the hook is raised. Again the flexing of the hook due to the press is provided between the finger 11 and the bore 5a of the bottom plate 5; in this case the sliding of the beak on the blade is not essential, the press can place the beak directly above the claw.

If the hook 1 is pressed when the two frames 8 and 9 are respectively in their lowest and highest positions (fig. 17) the rise of the upper frame 8 causes the upper spout 32 to be hooked by the blade 8a correspondent of said frame. Thus the hook rises from its rest position on the bottom board 5.

Illustrated in fig. 14 an alternative embodiment in which the upper end of the hook 1 is offset towards the bump la. This end comprises a rectilinear part 1b parallel to the body of the hook 1. Of course the claws 8a are offset by the same distance so that the operation remains unchanged compared to that described above. Under these conditions when the spout 2 is gripped by the claw 8a, this spout and a portion of the part lb are in abutment against the corresponding faces of claw 8a. From the start upwards of the frame 8 there is therefore no risk of the hook rotating in floating motion due to the action of the finger 11 on the bump 1a, as this is likely to occur in the embodiment of FIG. 1 to 12. The presence of the offset part 1b of the hook therefore provides it with excellent stability as soon as it is taken up by the claws of the frames.

It will be noted that the effect produced by the hump 1a of the hook 1 and the finger 11 can be obtained with a rectilinear hook provided that this finger is displaceable laterally as referenced 11 ′ in fig 15. Under these conditions and to allow a determined orientation of the hook, provision may be made to move a fixed stop 13 opposite the movable finger 11 'so that the latter comes to press the hook against this stop.

Illustrated in fig. 15 of the frames 8 and 9, the claws of which actually cross, that is to say those 8a of the frame 8 are mounted at the end of a rod 8b passing through the frame 9 between its claws 9a. Under these conditions, it is possible to use a hook, the spouts 2 and 3 of which are brought back to its end and they have been represented in this figure under the references 14 and 15, the hook itself being referenced 16. The operation of a such a hook naturally remains perfectly identical to that of the member described with reference to the preceding figures.

In the embodiment illustrated in fig. 16 the open pitch beak 6 has been replaced by a bar 17 whose effect is particularly advantageous when the beak 3 and the claw 9a of the lower frame 9 are crossed when the hook 1 is actuated by an upper beak 2. This bar compensates in fact the bending of the hook due to the press and facilitates the crossing of the spout 3 and the claw 9a. The length of the bar 17 is such that it is not in contact with the blade 10 of open step when the hook 1 rests against the bottom board 5 so as not to disturb the correct grip of the hook by the claws.

Claims (7)

1. Armor mechanics intended to control the formation of the crowd of a weaving loom in particular of a double-lift Jacquard loom with an open pitch of the kind comprising on the one hand two frames (8, 9) which move in opposition and on the other hand hooks (1-16) provided with beaks (2, 3, 14-15) opposite 180 ° provided for actuating the healds, and which are oriented parallel to the needles, while fixed blades (10) are provided to cooperate with particular spouts (6) hooks (1-16) in order to keep them in their high position, characterized in that in the low position of the hooks there are means (la-11, 11 ') to orient each of them under the effect of the press so that the end of its upper beak (2, 14, 15) or its lower beak (3) is offset from the edge of the claw (8a, 9a) so that the hook (1-16) is not raised by said claws (8a, 9a) when its frame (8, 9) rises in case of normal press or on the contrary is raised in case of p invse resse, and that said means (la-11, 11 ') no longer act on the orientation of the hook (1-16) as soon as it leaves said low position. 2. Armor mechanics according to claim 1, characterized in that the means (la-11, 11 ') of orienting each hook in the rest position of the latter on the bottom board consist of a camber or bump (la) known per se from the hook (1-16) and by a known fixed stop (11) located between the two frames (8-9) and against which rests the top of the hump (la). 3. armor mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that the end (lb) of each hook (1) which carries the upper spout 2 is offset in the same direction as the camber (la) in the manner in itself known. 4. Armor mechanics according to claim 1, characterized in that the means (la-11, 11 ') to orient each hook ( ₁ 6) in the low position consist of a finger (11 ') movable transversely and which bears laterally against the hook (16) provided rectilinear. 5. armor mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that a fixed stop (13) is arranged next to each hook (16) so that the finger (11 ') comes to press it against it in order to determine exactly the orientation of the hook (16) considered. 6. armor mechanics according to claim 4, characterized in that the two nozzles (14-15) of each hook (16) are arranged opposite to the upper end thereof to allow the actual crossing of claws (8a, 9a) in the manner known per se. 7. armor mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the spout (6) of open pitch of each hook (1-16) is replaced by a bar (17).

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