EP0048529A1 - Procédé de coulée pour pièces, moule et installation de coulée, modèle et machine à mouler les moules, dosage des additifs et leur introduction par bouchon fusible - Google Patents

Procédé de coulée pour pièces, moule et installation de coulée, modèle et machine à mouler les moules, dosage des additifs et leur introduction par bouchon fusible Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0048529A1
EP0048529A1 EP81201051A EP81201051A EP0048529A1 EP 0048529 A1 EP0048529 A1 EP 0048529A1 EP 81201051 A EP81201051 A EP 81201051A EP 81201051 A EP81201051 A EP 81201051A EP 0048529 A1 EP0048529 A1 EP 0048529A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mould
additive
preparatory chamber
outlet
gauge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP81201051A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Pieter Adriaan Oosterling
Marinus Henricus Weststrate
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Multinorm BV
Original Assignee
Multinorm BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Multinorm BV filed Critical Multinorm BV
Publication of EP0048529A1 publication Critical patent/EP0048529A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D1/00—Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting
    • B22D1/007—Treatment of the fused masses in the supply runners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
    • C21C1/10—Making spheroidal graphite cast-iron

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of casting metal objects in which for preparing a cast metal liquid metal and additive are joined in at least one preparatory chamber having at least one outlet giving access to a mould cavity.
  • the cast metal to be prepared may be an alloy.
  • the additive to be alloyed is added to the molten metal before the cast metal is poured into the mould as an alloy. This may be carried out by a dipping method performed in an additional dipping pam. This additional operation required a higher melting temperature.
  • the additive oxidizes partly at the temperature of the molten metal and/or it partly volatilizes or vaporizes.
  • the invention is particularly applicable to nodularization of cast iron.
  • laminated graphite is converted into pellet graphite by the addition of an additive consisting, for example, of magnesium, calcium, lithium, strontium, barium, cerium, didynium, lanthanum and/or yttrium.
  • US Patent Specification 3 703 922 proposes to add the additive to the molten metal not until it is in the mould.
  • the liquid metal is brought into contact in a preparatory chamber arranged in the lead or inlet with the additive contained therein, after which the cast metal flows to the mould cavity through an outlet formed by a regulated narrowed part.
  • the narrowed part serves to ensure that the liquid metal is retained in the preparatory chamber for a sufficiently long time for obtaining an adequate time of contact between the molten metal and the additive.
  • the present invention provides an improved method in this respect, which is characterized by at least two successive steps, that is to say:
  • the outlet is preferably held closed by means of additive. This is a simple and automatic way of closing. The outlet is opened not until has the additive been worked up. In order to prevent flusing upwards of the additive in the case of awkward filling and floating of the same on the liquid metal, the additive may be encapsulated in a fusible material.
  • the outlet is held in the closed state during the preparation step by means of a fusible plug. Additional safety in this respect is obtained when during the preparation step the fusible plug is at least temporarily protected by means of the additive.
  • the invention furthermore relates to and provides a mould for carrying out the method according to the invention, said mould comprising at least one mould cavity and at least one preparatory chamber having at least one outlet giving access to the mould cavity.
  • This mould is characterized in that the outlet is provided on the bottom side of the preparatory chamber and in that said outlet can be closed during the preparation stage and be opened during the leading-in stage.
  • the invention relates to and provides a pattern for manufacturing a mould for carrying out the method according to the invention: for making each mould from moulding material, for example, sand, the pattern comprisses at least one mould cavity gauge making the recess for the mould cavity in the moulding material and at least one preparatory chamber gauge making the recess for the preparatory chamber in the moulding material and an outlet gauge to form in the moulding material an outlet for the communication between the preparatory chamber and the mould cavity.
  • This >pattern is characterized in that the preparatory chamber gauge is disposed at a higher level than the mould cavity gauge and in that the outlet gauge is disposed at a level between the preparatory chamber gauge and the mould cavity gauge.
  • a homogeneous cast metal is obtained when the mould is manufactured with a pattern characterized by a gutter gauge disposed above the outlet gauge to form a gutter receiving a dam of additive.
  • the invention is particularly important for use in an automatically operating moulding machine.
  • a further development of the pattern is characterized in that the pattern is designed for use in a moulding machine to manufacture a mould string and in that the pattern comprises at least one scanning member gauge for casting a scanning member to the outer side of each mould.
  • the invention moreover, relates to and provides a moulding machine for the manufacture of a mould string. It is characterized by a repeatedly removable device for inserting every time the closing means into the outlet of the preparatory chamber. These closing means may be formed, if desired, by an envelope containing the dosed amount of additive.
  • said moulding machine is furthermore characterized by a dosing device administering each time a dosed amount of additive to the preparatory chamber.
  • a particularly elegant, that is to say, a simple and safe closure of the preparatory chamber is obtained when the inserting device inserts each time a tubular fusible plug as the removable closing member into the outlet of the preparatory chamber.
  • This fusible plug can be readily formed when the inserting device comprises a device deforming a flat metal strip into a tube and/or when the inserting device comprises a separator severing each time a length of a tube from a pipe.
  • This tubular fusible plug may contain the dosed amount of additive.
  • a uniform dosing and hence a homogeneous reaction between liquid metal and additive are obtained when the dosing device administers each time a dam of additive parallel to the preparatory chamber extending transversely of the string of moulds.
  • a simple adaptation of the amount of additive to the contents of the mould cavity can be achieved when the dosing device is provided with adjusting means for varying the length of the dam of additive to be administered to the preparatory chamber. If the fusible plugs are previously provided with additive, the local dosing can be omitted and the fusible plug need only be provided with an inserting device. If desired, said fusible plug may be manually inserted.
  • the place of the mould is not exactly determined every time so that the inserting device and the dosing device cannot be disposed at-a fixed place.
  • This problem is nevertheless solved in a simple manner in that a further development of the moulding machine is characterized by rails extending parallel to the string of moulds to be manufactured, by a support displaceable along said rails and carrying the inserting device and by a finder connected with the support for co-operation with scanning members each time cast to the moulds in order to position the inserting device each time with respect to the mould.
  • the invention furthermore covers objects made by carrying out the method according to the invention and thus having improved or at least more clearly defined quality.
  • the invention furthermore relates to and provides a fusible plug inserting device, an additive dosing device and/or a fusible plug apparently intended for use in the method according to the invention.
  • the invention relates to and provides a dosed amount of additive shaped into a form suitable for administration to a mould.
  • the invention furthermore relates to and provides a production line for a foundry, comprising a mould machine according to the invention and furthermore characterized by an automatic moulding machine having an effluent nozzle each time opening out above a preparatory chamber.
  • the preparatory chamber and the mould cavity need not necessarily be united into a monolithic mould.
  • Existing moulds may be provided with an extension piece comprising the preparatory chamber and the obstructible outlet.
  • the production line 21 of figure 1 of a foundry comprises a moulding machine 1 for manufacturing a string of moulds 22 consisting of a sequence of moulds 2.
  • the moulding machine 1 comprises a slide table 23, on which each time a slice 3 of mould material 24, for example, mould sand is formed in that the mould material 24 drops from a bunker 25 down passing between two model plates 26 and 27 of a model 32 and subsequently compressed into an undeformable slice 3 since towards the model plate 26 held in place by a hydraulic ram 34 is forced the model plate 27 by means of a hydraulic ram 28 in the direction of the arrow 29 in order to cause the gauges provided on the model plates 26 and 27 to form corresponding recesses in the slice slides 30 and 31.
  • the model plate 32 has on each model plate 26 and 27 a mould cavity gauge 33 (see figures 16 and 17) for making together a mould cavity 4.
  • This mould cavity 4 may have the form of a single object, but as is shown and as is known per se it may as an alternative consist of a tree of objects provided with a casting run 122.
  • the model 32 according to the invention comprises furthermore on each model plate 26 and 27 a preparatory chamber gauge 35 to form together a preparatory )chamber 5 in the mould material 24, a gutter gauge 36 for making a gutter 6 bounding the lower side of the preparatory chamber 5 and an outlet gauge 37 for making the recess for an outlet 7 on the bottom side of the gutter 6.
  • the model 32 is preferably designed for use in the moulding machine 1 for the >automatic manufacture of a mould string 22 and is provided on each model plate 26 and 27 with a scanning member gauge 39 to form each time a scanning member 40 (figures 1 and 8) on the outer side 38 in the form of a semi-cylindrical recess.
  • the preparatory chamber gauge 35 is disposed at a higher level than the mould cavity gauge 33 and the outlet gauge 37 is disposed at the level located between the preparatory chamber gauge 35 and the mould cavity gauge 33.
  • the model plate 26 is moved of the path of the string 22, for example, by turning it upwards by means of the ram 34 about the hinge 41 in the direction of the arrow 42, after which the slice 3 is pressed against the string 22 already made by means of the ram 28, the slice sides 30 and 31 being pressed one against the other, whilst between them the required recesses described above are present.
  • the outlet 7 is is each time first closed.
  • the production line 21 furthermore comprises an automatic casting machine 47 having an outlet nozzle 48 opening out each time above a preparatory chamber 5 and each time closed by a plug 49.
  • an automatic casting machine 47 having an outlet nozzle 48 opening out each time above a preparatory chamber 5 and each time closed by a plug 49.
  • the string 22 is stepped forward over a distance in the direction of the arrow 29, said distance corresponding to the thickness d of the slice 3 formed.
  • liquid metal for example, untreated cast iron 50 is poured during the preparation stage into the preparatory chamber 5 and thus joined to additive 9, for example, magnesium grains lying in the form of a dam 46 in the gutter 6.
  • additive 9 for example, magnesium grains lying in the form of a dam 46 in the gutter 6.
  • this reaction known as the_nodularisation laminated graphite is converted into pellet graphite. Gas and slags are then developed, which rise up in the direction of the arrow 51, so that owing to the asymmetric disposition of the supplied substance a whirl 52 and an attended mixture are produced.
  • the whole amount of additive 9, which first screened the fusible plug 8, is worked up and the fusible plug 8 fuses owing to the contact with the hot cast metal prepared in the preparation stage and formed in this case by nodular cast iron.
  • the outlet 7 is closed by the fusible plug 8, so that neither the untreated cast iron nor the cast iron reacting with the additive 9 can enter the mould cavity 4, not until the fusible plug 8 has melted, which takes place after an adequate reaction time, the leading-in stage of the method starts and the prepared cast metal will then rapidly fill out the mould cavity 4 at the desired casting rate.
  • the preparatory chamber 5 has a size such that a preparatory chamber 5 completely filled out with cast iron contains, after the preparation stage, exactly a suffient amount of cast metal to completely fill out the mould cavity 4. The slag produced in the preparation stage and floating on the cast metal is left behind in the preparatory chamber.
  • the preparatory chamber 5 has a bottom 53 inclined downwards towards the outlet 7.
  • the moulding machine 1 comprises, in accordance with the invention, an inserting device 10 each time inserting a tubular fusible plug 8 into the outlet 7 of the preparatory chamber 5 (figures 1 and 9 to 14), which device is combined with a dosing device 11 supplying each time a dosed amount of additive 9 to the preparatory chamber 5.
  • the moulding machine 1 comprises on both sides of the string 22 rails 12 extending parallel thereto, a support 13 displaceable by means of rollers 15 along said rails 12 and carrying the inserting device 10 and the dosing device 11 and a finder 14 connected with said support 13 and co-operating with the scanning members 39 each time formed on the moulds 2 for separately positioning the inserting device 10 with respect to the mould 2, since the slices 3 do not have an accurately predetermined thickness d.
  • the inserting device 10 comprises a rotatable carrier 16 for receiving a coiled tape 17 of metal having a sheet thickness of, for example, 0.2 mm and a guide roller 18 for directing the tape 17 into a deformation device 19.
  • the deformation device 19 comprises a round, rod- shaped core 20, around which the tape 17 is deformed into a tube 54, a length 1 of, for example, 8 cm of which is severed to serve as a fusible plug by means of a grinding disc 55 serving as a separator.
  • the deformation device 19 has two pneumatic rams 56 rigidly secured to the support 13, the double-acting pistons 57 of which are connected with a core 20, the guide roller 18 and a tube clamp 58. To the support 13 is fastened a corresponding clamp 59 coaxial with the tube 54.
  • the deformation device 19 operates as follows.
  • the tape 17 and the tube 54 are advanced over a distance 1 + width of sawcut 1', because the clamp 58 is then operative and the clamp 59 is non-operative.
  • the tape 17 is bent around the core 20 in a deformation cone 61 to form the tube 54.
  • the grinding disc 55 constantly driven by means of an electric motor 68 via a driving gear 69 in the direction of the arrow 62 is moved into a path of the tube 54, so that the fusible plug 8 is severed.
  • the grinding disc 55 is moved back in the direction of the arrow 63, whilst the pistons 57 with the core 20 and the clamp 58 are moved back in the direction of the arrow 64, whilst the clamp 58 is inoperative and the clamp 59 is operative.
  • the clamps 58 and 59 have a housing 124 including a conical chamber 65 for receiving jaws 66 pushed- in-to a clamping position by means of springs 67. The spring force is proportioned so that a movement of the tube 54 in the direction of the arrow 60 only the clamp 58 is operative and at the return movement of the clamp 58 the clamp 59 is operative.
  • the support 13 For displacement along the rails 12 the support 13 is driven by an electric motor 71 via a driving gear 70.
  • the support 13 carries furthermore an electric motor 72, which reciprocates a cam disc 76 through a driving gear 73 and an eccentric connecting rod mechanism 74 and rotatably drives stepwise in only one direction a dosing roller 77.
  • the cam disc 76 co-operates with a guide roller 78, which is arranged on an arm 79 of a balance 81 carrying the grinding disc 55 and its motor 68 with the driving gear 69 and turning around a shaft 80 for moving the grinding disc 55 in the direction of the arrows 62 and 63.
  • the dosing device 11 comprises a bunker 82 for receiving additive 9 having an outlet 83 at a uniform height h above the dosing roller 77.
  • the adaptation of the amount of additive 9 to the capacity of the mould cavity 4 is achieved by matching the length u of the outlet 83, that is to say rendring it substantially equal - to the length v of a preparatory chamber 5 extending parallel thereto.
  • the height m and the width n of the preparatory chamber 5 are preferably chosen, so as to have a constant value in order to maintain a constant flow rate to the mould cavity 4 irrespective of the capacity of the mould cavity 4, but the length v of the preparatory chamber 5 is adapted to • the capacity of the mould cavity 4.
  • the corresponding adaptation of the amount of additive 9 is achieved by setting the displaceable edges 84 of the outlet 83, since each edge 84 is connected by a slot-bolt-and-screw connection with the bunker 82.
  • the inserting device 10 and the dosing device 11 cyclically operate as follows.
  • Relay 88 causes switch 88a to close so that the electric motor 71 is started via a change-over relay 95 and a switch 95a to displace the support 13 in the direction 29.
  • relay 88 closes switch 88b, so that a time relay 92 is switched on, which changes over a change-over relay 92a after a given period of time for changing over the change-over relay 95 and hence the switch 95a for inverting the direction of rotation of the electric motor 71.
  • the latter drives the support 13 back until the finder 14 encounters the next-following scanning member 40, after which the switch 87 is opened for de-energizing relay 88. After the switch 88b is opened, that is to say after relay 92 is de-energized and the change-over switch 92a is changed over, the electric motor 71 is stopped.
  • the finder 14 actutates the switch 94 for closing a relay 96 in order to start the motor 72 via the make contact 96a and the switch 96b, now with certainty the inserting device 10 and the dosing device 11 are positioned with respect to a following preparatory chamber 5.
  • the motor 72 moves the grinding disc 55 in the direction of the arrow 62, so that a fusible plug 8 is severed and drops into the outlet 7.
  • the dosing roller 77 is driven and a dosed amount of additive 9 drops into the gutter 6.
  • a lug 99 carried by the disc 98 actuates a magnetic switch 1CO, which energizes a time relay 101, which in turn switches on relay 102 via a switch 101a.
  • the switch 102a is opened for stopping the motor 72 via relay 96 and switch 96b and switch 102b is closed for energizing a relay 105 of a two-way valve 106 for actuating the pneumatic rams 56 in the direction of the arrow 60 for deforming the tape 17 into a tube 54.
  • time relay 101 is de-energized, the relay 102 remaining energized via switch 102b and a terminal switch 107.
  • relay 102 When the terminal switch 107 is actuated by the deformation device 19, relay 102 is de-energized, so that switch 102b is opened and switch 102a is closed. As a result relay 105 is disengaged and relay 104 of the two-way valve 96 is energized for returning the deformation device 19 in the direction of the arrow 64. At the same time a relay 110 of a switch 110a is energized in order to retain relay 104 in the energized state until the deformation device 19 opens a terminal switch 108. Then the inserting device 10 and the dosing device 11 are again in the rest position.
  • Figure 15 shows furthermore the motor 68 with its manual switch 111 which continuously operates during operation.
  • Figure 18 shows that a conventional mould 114 filled with sand 116 comprising a lower casing 117 and an upper casing 118 can be provided in accordance with the invention with an extension casing 119. Then the mould cavity 4 with the casting run 120 and the riser 121 is arranged in the casings 117 and 118, whilst the preparatory chamber 5 is arranged in the extension casing 119 with an outlet closed by a fusible plug 8 and with the additive 9.
  • the matching thickness of the tape 17 may be chosen to be, for example, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25, or 0.5 mm.
  • a different fusible plug may be employed; for example, a metal plate.
  • the outlet 7 comprises a down channel 112 having a width z and a superjacent chamber 113, receiving the fusible plug and having a length y, which exceeds the width z.
  • the length w of the tubular fusible plug 8 may be 9 cm and is slightly smaller than the length y and is sufficiently larger than the width z to ensure a contact surface 126 at each end of the fusible plug 8 in order to slide the fusible plug 8 to a sealing position, the chamber 113 is preferably converging in downward direction.
  • the outlet 7 of the mould 2 is temporarily closed by means of a fusible plug 8 deposited therein, for example, by hand formed by a tubular envelope 89 containing a dosed amount of additive 9 and being pinched at both ends.
  • a tubular envelope 89 containing a dosed amount of additive 9 and being pinched at both ends.
  • the top side of the envelope has the function of a screen, which will prevent with certainty the additive 9 from being flushed away through the outlet 7 and from directly getting to the top layer of the preparatory chamber 5 when the liquid metal is being poured into the preparatory chamber 5.
  • the envelope 89 serves as a commercial packing of additive 9, which is thus in an adequate dosed amount ready for administration to a mould, like a tablet 45 or a lump 43 of a given weight.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
  • Casting Devices For Molds (AREA)
EP81201051A 1980-09-24 1981-09-18 Procédé de coulée pour pièces, moule et installation de coulée, modèle et machine à mouler les moules, dosage des additifs et leur introduction par bouchon fusible Ceased EP0048529A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL8005333 1980-09-24
NL8005333A NL8005333A (nl) 1980-09-24 1980-09-24 Werkwijze voor het gieten van metalen voorwerpen, gietvorm en produktiestraat voor het toepassen van die werkwijze, model en vormmachine voor het vervaardigen van dergelijk gietvormen, onder toepassing van deze werkwijze vervaardigde voorwerpen, gedoseerde hoeveelheid toevoegstof, toevoegstofdoseerinrichting en smeltstoptoedieningsinrichting.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0048529A1 true EP0048529A1 (fr) 1982-03-31

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81201051A Ceased EP0048529A1 (fr) 1980-09-24 1981-09-18 Procédé de coulée pour pièces, moule et installation de coulée, modèle et machine à mouler les moules, dosage des additifs et leur introduction par bouchon fusible

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0048529A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK399881A (fr)
NL (1) NL8005333A (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2626795A1 (fr) * 1988-02-05 1989-08-11 Fischer Ag Georg Dispositif de couleur pour la fabrication de pieces de fonderie, ainsi que son application a la fabrication de pieces moulees
US5390723A (en) * 1992-03-09 1995-02-21 Mohla; Prem P. Method of treating casting metals
CN112159881A (zh) * 2020-09-18 2021-01-01 余兆勇 一种球墨铸铁浇铸工艺

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1195912B (de) * 1963-03-14 1965-07-01 Rheinstahl Eisenwerk Hilden Ag Einrichtung zum Abgiessen von Formen mit mehreren Einlaeufen
DE2006704A1 (en) * 1970-02-13 1971-08-19 Passavant Werke Addition of melt innoculation addtiviesto casting mould
FR2094191A7 (en) * 1970-06-11 1972-02-04 Bernotti Off Casting appts - for maintaining constant metal temp adding inoculants and pouring
DE2325720A1 (fr) * 1973-05-15 1973-12-06
US3851700A (en) * 1973-08-20 1974-12-03 Gen Motors Corp Method of inoculating nodular cast iron
NL7404556A (en) * 1974-04-03 1975-10-07 Shigeji Otaki Compression moulding machine for producing sand moulds - for metal casting, has two movable mould platens
US3965966A (en) * 1974-09-11 1976-06-29 Dansk Industri Syndikat A/S Apparatus for the production of castings
FR2329391A1 (fr) * 1975-10-31 1977-05-27 Fischer Ag Georg Procede de moulage en coquilles de pieces de fonderie et jeu de coquilles pour application de ce procede
FR2393746A1 (fr) * 1977-06-10 1979-01-05 Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech Distributeur automatique de produits pulverulents

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1195912B (de) * 1963-03-14 1965-07-01 Rheinstahl Eisenwerk Hilden Ag Einrichtung zum Abgiessen von Formen mit mehreren Einlaeufen
DE2006704A1 (en) * 1970-02-13 1971-08-19 Passavant Werke Addition of melt innoculation addtiviesto casting mould
FR2094191A7 (en) * 1970-06-11 1972-02-04 Bernotti Off Casting appts - for maintaining constant metal temp adding inoculants and pouring
DE2325720A1 (fr) * 1973-05-15 1973-12-06
US3851700A (en) * 1973-08-20 1974-12-03 Gen Motors Corp Method of inoculating nodular cast iron
NL7404556A (en) * 1974-04-03 1975-10-07 Shigeji Otaki Compression moulding machine for producing sand moulds - for metal casting, has two movable mould platens
US3965966A (en) * 1974-09-11 1976-06-29 Dansk Industri Syndikat A/S Apparatus for the production of castings
FR2329391A1 (fr) * 1975-10-31 1977-05-27 Fischer Ag Georg Procede de moulage en coquilles de pieces de fonderie et jeu de coquilles pour application de ce procede
FR2393746A1 (fr) * 1977-06-10 1979-01-05 Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech Distributeur automatique de produits pulverulents

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2626795A1 (fr) * 1988-02-05 1989-08-11 Fischer Ag Georg Dispositif de couleur pour la fabrication de pieces de fonderie, ainsi que son application a la fabrication de pieces moulees
US5390723A (en) * 1992-03-09 1995-02-21 Mohla; Prem P. Method of treating casting metals
EP0649693A1 (fr) * 1993-10-18 1995-04-26 Prem P. Mohla Procédé et dispositif pour traiter et mouler des métaux
CN112159881A (zh) * 2020-09-18 2021-01-01 余兆勇 一种球墨铸铁浇铸工艺

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL8005333A (nl) 1982-04-16
DK399881A (da) 1982-03-25

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