EP0048302A1 - Snap-action switch and process for its production - Google Patents

Snap-action switch and process for its production Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0048302A1
EP0048302A1 EP80105744A EP80105744A EP0048302A1 EP 0048302 A1 EP0048302 A1 EP 0048302A1 EP 80105744 A EP80105744 A EP 80105744A EP 80105744 A EP80105744 A EP 80105744A EP 0048302 A1 EP0048302 A1 EP 0048302A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spring
snap
handlebar
lever
contact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP80105744A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0048302B1 (en
Inventor
Helmut Dr. Dipl.-Phys. Baader
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Elektromanufaktur Zangenstein Hanauer GmbH and Co KGaA
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Elektromanufaktur Zangenstein Hanauer GmbH and Co KGaA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to DE19792937309 priority Critical patent/DE2937309A1/en
Application filed by Elektromanufaktur Zangenstein Hanauer GmbH and Co KGaA filed Critical Elektromanufaktur Zangenstein Hanauer GmbH and Co KGaA
Priority to EP80105744A priority patent/EP0048302B1/en
Priority to AT80105744T priority patent/ATE10885T1/en
Priority to US06/214,949 priority patent/US4365123A/en
Publication of EP0048302A1 publication Critical patent/EP0048302A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0048302B1 publication Critical patent/EP0048302B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H5/00—Snap-action arrangements, i.e. in which during a single opening operation or a single closing operation energy is first stored and then released to produce or assist the contact movement
    • H01H5/04—Energy stored by deformation of elastic members
    • H01H5/18—Energy stored by deformation of elastic members by flexing of blade springs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches

Definitions

  • S chnappschalter are frequently used in electrical engineering to ensure that switching of electrical contacts happen abruptly when an arbitrarily slowly changing itself input a certain critical Has reached value. Sudden switchovers are necessary in order to achieve reliable contact making and to avoid contact fires. Frequently, for example in the case of diaphragm pressure switches, the input variable is a force which has to be overcome by an adjustable preload in order to cause the snap switch to be switched over.
  • the bias spring is a helical compression spring which is supported on the one hand on an adjusting screw and on the other hand presses directly against the handlebar.
  • the handlebar is mounted on a physically trained axis, which is arranged in a stationary manner such that the handlebar transmits forces required for switching only to the snap spring, but relieves it of transverse forces. This applies both to shear force components of the actuating force acting on the handlebar and to shear force components that can be transmitted from the biasing spring to the handlebar.
  • a non-rotating intermediate layer is arranged, which is to prevent the adjusting screw, when it is turned to adjust the snap switch, from rotating the helical compression spring and building up a torsional tension in it, which is initially retained by static friction, but sooner or later later released due to vibrations of the snap switch, which would change the bias acting on the handlebar, and thus the entire switching characteristics of the snap switch, by an amount not fixed in advance.
  • the magnitude of the bearing friction, which opposes a pivoting of the handlebar, in the known snap-action switch described is dependent on manufacturing tolerances, random displacements of the handlebar along its axis and on bearing corrosion that may occur over time and therefore cannot be adjusted during the snap-action switch Consider appropriately in advance over a longer period of time.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of designing a snap switch of the type described at the outset with production-technically simple means in such a way that the size of the critical input force required for switching, which was set in the original adjustment, is retained over a practically unlimited time with high accuracy.
  • the bias spring is a leaf spring which is attached on the one hand to the handlebar and on the other hand to a lever which is mounted near the spring support in a fixed bearing and is pivotally adjustable by means of the adjusting member.
  • the or each biasing spring also serves as a bearing for the handlebar, whereby it is kept free from external bearing friction.
  • the inner friction inside a leaf spring of the type and size of interest here is negligible.
  • the or each biasing spring is attached to the handlebar on the one hand and on the lever according to the invention on the other hand, in order to be able to transmit bending moments from the lever to the handlebar, a shift between the biasing spring and the components between which it is clamped is excluded during operation , so that nothing can be lost subsequently from the originally set preload. Losses of spring tension due to fatigue can be ruled out at least as well by suitable dimensioning of the biasing spring in the snap switch according to the invention as in known snap switches of the generic type.
  • a snap-action switch is created by the invention, which maintains its original setting considerably more precisely and also considerably more reliably when manufactured in large series than known snap-action switches of the generic type.
  • the snap switch according to the invention is also largely insensitive to corrosion, because its working accuracy is unaffected by bearing friction. The friction in the bearing of the lever is irrelevant to the working accuracy of the snap switch, since it only occurs during adjustment and the lever is no longer moved later.
  • a rotatable cam or a wedge slide could be used as the setting element.
  • an adjusting element in the form of a screw as is provided as a component, albeit in a different arrangement, also in the known snap switch described.
  • the snap switch has at least one biasing spring
  • the handlebar and adjusting lever are connected to one another by a Pair of leaf springs connected, which are arranged on both sides of the snap spring. This results in a particularly precise and particularly resistant to lateral forces bearing of the handlebar.
  • This embodiment is preferably further developed in that the leaf springs are welded to flanges which project laterally from the cross-sectionally U-shaped link and the correspondingly designed lever, and in that the snap spring is arranged within these U-shaped cross sections.
  • the snap switch according to the invention can be produced according to a further feature of the invention in that the handlebar is punched together with the lever over a bridge, then the leaf spring or leaf springs are welded to the handlebar and lever and only then is the bridge removed.
  • the distance between the handlebar and lever defined in the punching tool is maintained unchanged, and this distance also determines the bending characteristic of the leaf spring or leaf spring, a particularly precise arrangement of the welded connections between each leaf spring and the handlebar on the one hand and the lever on the other hand not being important.
  • a housing 2 which consists of electrically insulating plastic and has a bottom 4 and an outer wall 6.
  • a snap switch 10 is installed in the housing 2.
  • a catch spring in the form of a rectangular leaf spring having two parallel longitudinal slots 14, defining a pair of outer leg 16 so that they are connected only at its two ends together and to a central part of the S chnappfeder 12 .
  • the middle part consists of two middle legs 18, which are separated by an interruption 20.
  • the two longitudinal slots 14 are connected to one another by the interruption approximately in their center, so that there is an overall H-shaped recess.
  • the two separated from one another by the interruption 20 central leg 18 of the latch spring 12 are clamped between a top plate 22 and a spring support 24, both made of metal and welded to them in such a way, since the total length ß of the two middle leg 18 and the interrupt 20 bridging section of the cover plate 22 and the spring support 24 is greater than the length of each of the two outer legs 16.
  • the two middle legs 18 cannot lie in a common plane with the outer legs 16, but either form one with respect to the outer Leg 16 first upward, then downward and finally upward curved serpentine line (Fig. 2 and 4) or a curved upward with respect to the two outer legs 16 (Fig. 3 and 5).
  • the snap spring 12 attached to the spring support 24 is thus bistable; it can only jump back and forth under the action of an external force between a first switching position (FIGS. 2 and 4) and a second switching position (FIGS. 3 and 5).
  • the spring support 24 is fastened to the housing base 4 and has a solder lug 26 which projects through it to the outside.
  • Further electrically conductive components of the snap switch 10 are two stationary contacts 28 and 30, which are attached to a contact carrier 34 and 36 respectively on both sides of a double-sided switching contact 32 attached to the snap spring 12.
  • the contact carriers 34 and 36 are fastened to the housing base 4 and also each have a solder lug 38 and 40, respectively, which protrude through the latter.
  • the snap switch 10 connects the solder lugs 26 and 38 to one another when the snap spring 12 assumes its first switching position according to FIGS. 2 and 4, whereas the solder lugs 26 and 40 are connected to one another when the snap spring 12 has its second, in the drawings assume the lower switching position according to Figures 3 and 5.
  • the snap spring 12 shown here corresponds to that according to patent application P 28 19 795.7; it also shows further examples of snap springs which, in addition to other known snap springs, are suitable for the present snap switch 10.
  • a bearing block 42 is arranged on each side of the spring support 24, which is formed in one piece with the housing 2 and has an articulated socket 44.
  • the joint socket 44 receives two joint heads 46, each on a hook-like part 48 a lever 50 are formed.
  • the lever 50 can be pivoted about a fixed axis A, which extends through the center points of the two joint sockets 44.
  • the lever 50 engages with its two hook-like parts 48 the spring support 24 with ample play, so that it can be pivoted about the axis A in a wide angular range.
  • an adjusting member 52 in the form of a cap screw is provided, which engages at the end of the lever 50 remote from the axis A and is screwed into the housing base 4.
  • the lever 50 In the area between its hook-like parts 48 and the adjusting member 52, the lever 50 has an approximately U-shaped cross section with two flanges 54 which project laterally in a plane parallel to the axis A. With the two flanges 54 two bias springs are welded, which are designed as leaf springs 56 and extend in the same longitudinal direction as the snap spring 12 on both sides. While the snap spring 12 extends between the two bearing blocks 42, the two leaf springs 56 are arranged outside the bearing blocks.
  • the two leaf springs 56 are welded to a flange 58 of a link 60, which is also parallel to the axis A, and together form a bearing for the link 60, which enables this pivoting about the axis A, but no other movement.
  • the axis A is also the transverse center line of the snap spring 12.
  • a hook 62 is formed on the handlebar 60, on which the one end of the snap spring 12, which is remote from the switching contact 32 and from the lever 50, is fastened.
  • the end 64 of the handlebar 60 itself, which is remote from the lever 50, projects into a recess 66 in the housing 2, the upper and lower limits of which each form a stop for the handlebar 60.
  • a conical engagement point 68 for an arm 70 of an actuating member is finally formed on the handlebar 60.
  • the end 64 of the link 60 rests in the rest position of the snap switch 10 with a more or less large bias against the upper limit of the recess 66 (FIGS. 2 and 4).
  • the arm 70 exerts a downward force P on the point of application 68 in the drawings which exceeds a certain amount corresponding to the pretension, then this force P pushes the handlebar 60 into its lower stop position (FIGS. 3 and 5), and on the way there, the snap spring 12 jumps around suddenly, so that its switching contact 32, which was originally placed on the upper fixed contact 28, suddenly detaches from it and contacts the lower fixed contact 30.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanisms For Operating Contacts (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Switches (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)

Abstract

1. A snap switch (10) comprising - a snap spring (12) mounted to a spring support (24) and, at a distance to the latter, carrying at least one switch contact, - at least one contact (28, 30) stationary with respect to the spring support (24), against which contact the switch contact (32) rests in a switch position of the snap spring (12), - a guide (60) pivotally supported in the proximity of the spring support (24) and being connected with the snap spring (12), at a distance to the point of mounting of the latter, and to the switch contact (32), and having a point of attack (68) for an actuating force P, - at least one pre-tension spring acting on the guide (60) and tending to maintain said guide with pre-tension in an abutment position, and - an adjustment member (52) by which the pre-tension of the pre-tension spring may be adjusted characterized in that the pre-tension spring is a leaf spring (56) secured on the one hand to the guide (60) and on the other hand to a lever (50) mounted in the proximity of the spring support (24) in a stationary bearing (44) and adapted to be pivotally adjusted by means of the adjustment member (52).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft -einen Schnappschalter mit

  • - einer Schnappfeder, die an einem Federträger befestigt ist und in einem Abstand von diesem mindestens einen Schaltkontakt trägt,
  • - mindestens einem in bezug auf den Federträger ortsfesten Kontakt, an dem der Schaltkontakt in einer Schaltstellung der Schnappfeder anliegt,
  • - einem Lenker, der in der Nähe des Federträgers schwenkbar gelagert ist und in einem Abstand von seiner Lagerung sowie vom ortsfesten Kontakt mit der Schnappfeder verbunden ist und einen Angriffspunkt für eine Betätigungskraft aufweist,
  • - einer Vorspannfeder, die auf den Lenker einwirkt und bestrebt ist, diesen mit Vorspannung in einer Anschlagstellung zu halten,
  • - und einem Einstellglied, mit dem sich die Vorspannung der Feder einstellen läßt.
The invention relates to a snap switch
  • a snap spring which is fastened to a spring support and carries at least one switching contact at a distance therefrom,
  • at least one contact which is stationary with respect to the spring support and against which the switch contact rests in a switching position of the snap spring,
  • a link which is pivotably mounted in the vicinity of the spring support and which is connected to the snap spring at a distance from its mounting and from fixed contact and has a point of application for an actuating force,
  • a biasing spring which acts on the handlebar and strives to hold it in a stop position with bias,
  • - And an adjusting element with which the bias of the spring can be adjusted.

Schnappschalter werden in der Elektrotechnik häufig dazu benutzt, sicherzustellen, daß Umschaltungen von elektrischen Kontakten schlagartig geschehen, sobald eine an sich beliebig langsam veränderliche Eingangsgröße einen bestimmten kritischen Wert erreicht hat. Schlagartige Umschaltungen sind notwendig, um eine sichere Kontaktgabe zu erreichen und Kontaktbrand zu vermeiden. Häufig, beispielsweise bei Membran-Druckschaltern, ist die Eingangsgröße eine Kraft, die eine einstellbare Vorspannung überwinden muß, um ein Umschalten des Schnappschalters zu bewirken. S chnappschalter are frequently used in electrical engineering to ensure that switching of electrical contacts happen abruptly when an arbitrarily slowly changing itself input a certain critical Has reached value. Sudden switchovers are necessary in order to achieve reliable contact making and to avoid contact fires. Frequently, for example in the case of diaphragm pressure switches, the input variable is a force which has to be overcome by an adjustable preload in order to cause the snap switch to be switched over.

Bei einem bekannten Schnappschalter der beschriebenen Art ist die Vorspannfeder eine Schraubendruckfeder, die sich einerseits an einer Einstellschraube abstützt und andererseits unmittelbar gegen den Lenker drückt. Der Lenker ist auf einer körperlich ausgebildeten Achse gelagert, die ortsfest derart angeordnet ist, daß der Lenker ausschließlich zum Umschalten erforderliche Kräfte auf die Schnappfeder überträgt, diese aber von Querkräften entlastet. Dies gilt sowohl für Querkraftkomponenten der auf den Lenker einwirkenden Betätigungskraft wie auch für Querkraftkomponenten, die von der Vorspannfeder auf den Lenker übertragen werden können. Zwischen der Schraubendruckfeder und der Einstellschraube ist eine verdrehgesicherte Zwischenlage angeordnet, die verhindern soll, daß die Einstellschraube, wenn sie zum Justieren des Schnappschalters gedreht wird, die Schraubendruckfeder mitdreht und in dieser eine Torsionsspannung aufbaut, die zunächst durch Haftreibung erhalten bleibt, sich aber früher oder später infolge von Erschütterungen des Schnappschalters löst, wodurch sich die auf den Lenker einwirkende Vorspannung, und damit die gesamte Schaltcharakteristik des Schnappschalters, um einen nicht im Voraus feststehenden Betrag ändern würde.In a known snap switch of the type described, the bias spring is a helical compression spring which is supported on the one hand on an adjusting screw and on the other hand presses directly against the handlebar. The handlebar is mounted on a physically trained axis, which is arranged in a stationary manner such that the handlebar transmits forces required for switching only to the snap spring, but relieves it of transverse forces. This applies both to shear force components of the actuating force acting on the handlebar and to shear force components that can be transmitted from the biasing spring to the handlebar. Between the helical compression spring and the adjusting screw, a non-rotating intermediate layer is arranged, which is to prevent the adjusting screw, when it is turned to adjust the snap switch, from rotating the helical compression spring and building up a torsional tension in it, which is initially retained by static friction, but sooner or later later released due to vibrations of the snap switch, which would change the bias acting on the handlebar, and thus the entire switching characteristics of the snap switch, by an amount not fixed in advance.

Trotz dieser Maßnahmen - Entlastung der Schnappfeder von Querkräften, die das Umschnappverhalten verändern könnten einerseits und Bemühungen, die Vorspannkraft konstant zu halten andererseits - ist es bei bekannten Schnappschaltern der beschriebenen Gattung schwierig und, wenn überhaupt, nur mit erheblichem fertigungstechnischen Aufwand möglich, über längere Zeit hinweg zu garantieren, daß ein Umschaltvorgang dann und nur dann stattfindet, wenn die Eingangsgröße einen mit engen Toleranzen vorgegebenen kritischen Wert erreicht oder überschreitet. Diese Schwierigkeiten beruhen einerseits darauf, daß die Lage der Schraubendruckfeder in bezug auf den Lenker nicht vollständig genau definierbar ist und es sich infolgedessen nicht ausschließen läßt, daß beim Justieren des bekannten Schnappschalters bestimmte Spannungen in der Schraubenfeder zunächst nur durch Haftreibung erhalten bleiben und sich später infolge von Erschütterungen lösen; infolgedessen kann sich beispielsweise die Lage der Federachse in bezug auf die Schwenkachse des Lenkers ändern, was eine entsprechende Änderung des von der Schraubendruckfeder auf den Lenker ausgeübten Drehmoments zur Folge hat. Andererseits ist die Größe der Lagerreibung, die sich einer Schwenkung des Lenkers widersetzt, bei dem beschriebenen bekannten Schnappschalter von Herstellungstoleranzen, zufälligen Verschiebungen des Lenkers längs seiner Achse sowie von im Laufe der Zeit möglicherweise auftretender Lagerkorrosion abhängig und läßt sich deshalb bei der Justierung des Schnappschalters nicht über eine längere Zeitspanne im Voraus zutreffend berücksichtigen.Despite these measures - relieving the snap spring from transverse forces that could change the snap behavior on the one hand and efforts to keep the pretensioning force constant on the other hand - it is difficult with known snap switches of the type described and, if at all, only possible with considerable production expenditure over a long period of time to guarantee that a switchover takes place only when the input variable has a narrow tolerance satchel reaches or exceeds the specified critical value. These difficulties are based, on the one hand, on the fact that the position of the helical compression spring with respect to the handlebar is not completely precisely definable and, as a result, it cannot be ruled out that, when the known snap switch is adjusted, certain tensions in the helical spring are initially retained only by static friction and subsequently occur as a result relieve from vibrations; as a result, for example, the position of the spring axis with respect to the pivot axis of the handlebar can change, which results in a corresponding change in the torque exerted on the handlebar by the helical compression spring. On the other hand, the magnitude of the bearing friction, which opposes a pivoting of the handlebar, in the known snap-action switch described is dependent on manufacturing tolerances, random displacements of the handlebar along its axis and on bearing corrosion that may occur over time and therefore cannot be adjusted during the snap-action switch Consider appropriately in advance over a longer period of time.

Der Erfindung liegt deshalb die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Schnappschalter der eingangs beschriebenen Gattung mit fertigungstechnisch einfachen Mitteln derart zu gestalten, daß die bei der ursprünglichen Justierung eingestellte Größe der zum Umschalten erforderlichen kritischen Eingangskraft über praktisch.unbegrenzte Zeit mit hoher Genauigkeit erhalten bleibt.The invention is therefore based on the object of designing a snap switch of the type described at the outset with production-technically simple means in such a way that the size of the critical input force required for switching, which was set in the original adjustment, is retained over a practically unlimited time with high accuracy.

Die Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Vorspannfeder eine Blattfeder ist, die einerseits am Lenker und andererseits an einem Hebel befestigt ist, der in der Nähe des Federträgers in einem ortsfesten Lager gelagert ist und mittels des Einstellgliedes schwenkeinstellbar ist.The object is achieved in that the bias spring is a leaf spring which is attached on the one hand to the handlebar and on the other hand to a lever which is mounted near the spring support in a fixed bearing and is pivotally adjustable by means of the adjusting member.

Erfindungsgemäß dient also die bzw. jede Vorspannfeder zugleich als Lagerung für den Lenker, wodurch dieser von äußerer Lagerreibung freigehalten wird. Die innere Reibung innerhalb einer Blattfeder der hier interessierenden Art und Größe ist vernachlässigbar gering. Dadurch, daß die bzw. jede Vorspannfeder am Lenker einerseits und an dem erfindungsgemäßen Hebel andererseits befestigt ist, um Biegemomente vom Hebel auf den Lenker übertragen zu können, ist eine Verschiebung zwischen der Vorspannfeder und den Bauteilen, zwischen denen sie eingespannt ist, im Betrieb ausgeschlossen, so daß von der ursprünglich eingestellten Vorspannung nachträglich nichts verlorengehen kann. Verluste an Federspannung durch Ermüdung lassen sich durch geeignete Bemessung der Vorspannfeder bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Schnappschalter mindestens ebenso gut ausschließen wie bei bekannten gattungsgemäßen Schnappschaltern. Somit wird durch die Erfindung ein Schnappschalter geschaffen, der seine ursprüngliche Einstellung erheblich genauer und auch bei Fertigung in großen Serien erheblich zuverlässiger einhält als bekannte gattungsgemäße Schnappschalter. Der erfindungsgemäße Schnappschalter ist auch gegen Korrosion weitgehend unempfindlich, weil seine Arbeitsgenauigkeit von Lagerreibung unbeeinflußt ist. Die Reibung in der Lagerung des Hebels ist für die Arbeitsgenauigkeit des Schnappschalters ohne Bedeutung, da sie nur beim Justieren auftritt und der Hebel später nicht mehr bewegt wird.According to the invention, the or each biasing spring also serves as a bearing for the handlebar, whereby it is kept free from external bearing friction. The inner friction inside a leaf spring of the type and size of interest here is negligible. Characterized in that the or each biasing spring is attached to the handlebar on the one hand and on the lever according to the invention on the other hand, in order to be able to transmit bending moments from the lever to the handlebar, a shift between the biasing spring and the components between which it is clamped is excluded during operation , so that nothing can be lost subsequently from the originally set preload. Losses of spring tension due to fatigue can be ruled out at least as well by suitable dimensioning of the biasing spring in the snap switch according to the invention as in known snap switches of the generic type. Thus, a snap-action switch is created by the invention, which maintains its original setting considerably more precisely and also considerably more reliably when manufactured in large series than known snap-action switches of the generic type. The snap switch according to the invention is also largely insensitive to corrosion, because its working accuracy is unaffected by bearing friction. The friction in the bearing of the lever is irrelevant to the working accuracy of the snap switch, since it only occurs during adjustment and the lever is no longer moved later.

Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es ohne Bedeutung, wie das Einstellglied gestaltet ist. So könnte als Einstellglied beispielsweise ein drehbarer Nocken oder ein Keilschieber verwendet werden. Vorzuziehen ist jedoch im allgemeinen aus Gründen der fertigungstechnischen Einfachheit ein Einstellglied in Form einer Schraube, wie sie als Bauelement, wenngleich in anderer Anordnung, auch bei dem beschriebenen bekannten Schnappschalter vorgesehen ist.In the context of the present invention, it is of no importance how the adjusting member is designed. For example, a rotatable cam or a wedge slide could be used as the setting element. However, for reasons of manufacturing simplicity, it is generally preferable to use an adjusting element in the form of a screw, as is provided as a component, albeit in a different arrangement, also in the known snap switch described.

Mit der Angabe, daß der Schnappschalter mindestens eine Vorspannfeder aufweist, ist eingangs schon angedeutet worden, daß es vorteilhaft sein kann, wenn mehr als eine Vorspannfeder vorgesehen ist. Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind Lenker und Einstellhebel miteinander durch ein Paar Blattfedern verbunden, die beiderseits der Schnappfeder angeordnet sind. Auf diese Weise ergibt sich eine besonders genaue und gegen Querkräfte besonders widerstandsfähige Lagerung des Lenkers.By stating that the snap switch has at least one biasing spring, it has already been indicated at the beginning that it can be advantageous if more than one biasing spring is provided. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the handlebar and adjusting lever are connected to one another by a Pair of leaf springs connected, which are arranged on both sides of the snap spring. This results in a particularly precise and particularly resistant to lateral forces bearing of the handlebar.

Diese Ausführungsform ist vorzugsweise dadurch weitergebildet, daß die Blattfedern mit Flanschen verschweißt sind, die seitlich von dem im Querschnitt U-förmigen Lenker und dem entsprechend gestalteten Hebel wegragen, und daß die Schnappfeder innerhalb dieser U-förmigen Querschnitte angeordnet ist.This embodiment is preferably further developed in that the leaf springs are welded to flanges which project laterally from the cross-sectionally U-shaped link and the correspondingly designed lever, and in that the snap spring is arranged within these U-shaped cross sections.

Wenn der Lenker in bekannter Weise aus Blech ausgestanzt wird, läßt sich der erfindungsgemäße Schnappschalter gemäß einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung dadurch herstellen, daß der Lenker mit dem Hebel über eine Brücke zusammenhängend ausgestanzt wird, sodann die Blattfeder oder Blattfedern mit Lenker und Hebel verschweißt werden und erst danach die Brücke beseitigt wird. Dadurch wird der im Stanzwerkzeug festgelegte Abstand zwischen Lenker und Hebel unverändert aufrechterhalten, und dieser Abstand bestimmt auch die Biegecharakteristik der Blattfeder oder Blattfedern, wobei es auf eine besonders genaue Anordnung der Schweißverbindungen zwischen jeder Blattfeder und dem Lenker einerseits sowie dem Hebel andererseits nicht ankommt.If the handlebar is punched out of sheet metal in a known manner, the snap switch according to the invention can be produced according to a further feature of the invention in that the handlebar is punched together with the lever over a bridge, then the leaf spring or leaf springs are welded to the handlebar and lever and only then is the bridge removed. As a result, the distance between the handlebar and lever defined in the punching tool is maintained unchanged, and this distance also determines the bending characteristic of the leaf spring or leaf spring, a particularly precise arrangement of the welded connections between each leaf spring and the handlebar on the one hand and the lever on the other hand not being important.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand schematischer Zeichnungen erläutert. Es zeigt:

  • Fig.1 die Draufsicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Schnappschalters,
  • Fig.2 den Schnitt II-II in Fig.1, wobei der mit einer geringen Vorspannkraft justierte Schnappschalter in einer ersten Schaltstellung dargestellt ist,
  • Fig.3 einen der Fig.2 entsprechenden Schnitt des Schnappschalters bei gleicher Justierung, jedoch in seiner zweiten Schaltstellung,
  • Fig.4 eine der Fig.2 entsprechenden Schnitt desselben Schnappschalters, der ebenfalls in seiner ersten Schaltstellung dargestellt, hier jedoch mit größtmöglicher Vorspannung justiert ist,
  • Fig.5 den mit größtmöglicher Vorspannung justierten Schnappschalter in seiner zweiten Schaltstellung,
  • Fig.6 den Schnitt VI-VI in Fig.1,
  • Fig.7 den Schnitt VII-VII in Fig.1 und
  • Fig.8 den Schnitt VIII-VIII in Fig.1.
An embodiment of the invention is explained below with reference to schematic drawings. It shows:
  • 1 shows the top view of a snap switch according to the invention,
  • 2 shows the section II-II in FIG. 1, the snap switch adjusted with a low preload being shown in a first switching position,
  • 3 shows a section of the snap switch corresponding to FIG. 2 with the same adjustment, but in its second switching position,
  • 4 shows a section corresponding to FIG. 2 of the same snap switch, which is also in its first switching position shown, but here is adjusted with the greatest possible preload,
  • F ig.5 the adjusted with utmost bias snap switch is in its second switching position,
  • 6 shows the section VI-VI in Fig.1,
  • 7 shows the section VII-VII in Fig.1 and
  • 8 shows the section VIII-VIII in Fig.1.

In den Zeichnungen sind Teile eines Gehäuses 2 dargestellt, das aus elektrisch isolierendem Kunststoff besteht und einen Boden 4 sowie eine Außenwand 6 aufweist. In das Gehäuse 2 ist ein Schnappschalter 10 eingebaut.In the drawings, parts of a housing 2 are shown, which consists of electrically insulating plastic and has a bottom 4 and an outer wall 6. A snap switch 10 is installed in the housing 2.

Zu den elektrisch leitenden Bauteilen des Schnappschalters 10 gehört eine Schnappfeder 12 in Gestalt einer rechteckigen Blattfeder mit zwei parallelen Längsschlitzen 14, die ein Paar äußerer Schenkel 16 derart begrenzen, daß sie nur an ihren beiden Enden miteinander und mit einem mittleren Teil der Schnappfeder 12 zusammenhängen. Der mittlere Teil besteht aus zwei mittleren Schenkeln 18, die durch eine Unterbrechung 20 voneinander getrennt sind. Die beiden Längsschlitze 14 werden durch die Unterbrechung etwa in ihrer Mitte miteinander verbunden, so daß sich insgesamt eine H-förmige Aussparung ergibt.To the electrically conductive components of the snap switch 10 12 is part of a catch spring in the form of a rectangular leaf spring having two parallel longitudinal slots 14, defining a pair of outer leg 16 so that they are connected only at its two ends together and to a central part of the S chnappfeder 12 . The middle part consists of two middle legs 18, which are separated by an interruption 20. The two longitudinal slots 14 are connected to one another by the interruption approximately in their center, so that there is an overall H-shaped recess.

Die beiden durch die Unterbrechung 20 voneinander getrennten mittleren Schenkel 18 der Schnappfeder 12 sind zwischen einer Deckplatte 22 und einem Federträger 24, die beide aus Metall bestehen, eingespannt und mit ihnen derart verschweißt, daß die Gesamtlänge der beiden mittleren Schenkel 18 und des die Unterbrechung 20 überbrückenden Abschnittes der Deckplatte 22 sowie des Federträgers 24 größer ist als die Länge jedes der beiden äußeren Schenkel 16. Die beiden mittleren Schenkel 18 können infolgedessen nicht in einer gemeinsamen Ebene mit den äußeren Schenkeln 16 liegen, sondern bilden entweder eine in bezug auf die äußeren Schenkel 16 erst nach oben, dann nach unten und schließlich wieder nach oben gewölbte Schlangenlinie (Fig.2 und 4) oder einen in bezug auf die beiden äußeren Schenkel 16 nach oben gewölbten Bogen (Fig.3 u.5). Die am Federträger 24 befestigte Schnappfeder 12 ist somit bistabil; sie kann nur unter Einwirkung einer äußeren Kraft zwischen einer ersten Schaltstellung (Fig.2 und 4) und einer zweiten Schaltstellung (Fig.3 und 5) hin und her springen.The two separated from one another by the interruption 20 central leg 18 of the latch spring 12 are clamped between a top plate 22 and a spring support 24, both made of metal and welded to them in such a way, since the total length ß of the two middle leg 18 and the interrupt 20 bridging section of the cover plate 22 and the spring support 24 is greater than the length of each of the two outer legs 16. As a result, the two middle legs 18 cannot lie in a common plane with the outer legs 16, but either form one with respect to the outer Leg 16 first upward, then downward and finally upward curved serpentine line (Fig. 2 and 4) or a curved upward with respect to the two outer legs 16 (Fig. 3 and 5). The snap spring 12 attached to the spring support 24 is thus bistable; it can only jump back and forth under the action of an external force between a first switching position (FIGS. 2 and 4) and a second switching position (FIGS. 3 and 5).

Der Federträger 24 ist am Gehäuseboden 4 befestigt und weist eine durch diesen hindurch nach außen ragende Lötfahne 26 auf.The spring support 24 is fastened to the housing base 4 and has a solder lug 26 which projects through it to the outside.

Weitere elektrisch leitende Bauteile des Schnappschalters 10 sind zwei ortsfeste Kontakte 28 und 30, die einander gegenüber beiderseits eines an der Schnappfeder 12 befestigten, doppelseitig ausgebildeten Schaltkontakts 32 an je einem Kontaktträger 34 bzw 36 befestigt sind. Die Kontaktträger 34 und 36 sind am Gehäuseboden 4 befestigt und haben ebenfalls je eine durch diesen hindurchragende Lötfahne 38 bzw 40.Further electrically conductive components of the snap switch 10 are two stationary contacts 28 and 30, which are attached to a contact carrier 34 and 36 respectively on both sides of a double-sided switching contact 32 attached to the snap spring 12. The contact carriers 34 and 36 are fastened to the housing base 4 and also each have a solder lug 38 and 40, respectively, which protrude through the latter.

Somit verbindet der Schnappschalter 10 die Lötfahnen 26 und 38 miteinander, wenn die Schnappfeder 12 ihre erste, in den Zeichnungen obere Schaltstellung gemäß Fig.2 und 4 einnimmt, wohingegen die Lötfahnen 26 und 40 miteinander verbunden sind, wenn die Schnappfeder 12 ihre zweite, in den Zeichnungen untere Schaltstellung gemäß Fig.3 und 5 einnimmt.Thus, the snap switch 10 connects the solder lugs 26 and 38 to one another when the snap spring 12 assumes its first switching position according to FIGS. 2 and 4, whereas the solder lugs 26 and 40 are connected to one another when the snap spring 12 has its second, in the drawings assume the lower switching position according to Figures 3 and 5.

Die hier dargestellte Schnappfeder 12 entspricht derjenigen gemäß der Patentanmeldung P 28 19 795.7; darin sind auch weitere Beispiele von Schnappfedern dargestellt, die neben weiteren, vorbekannten Schnappfedern für den vorliegenden Schnappschalter 10 geeignet sind.The snap spring 12 shown here corresponds to that according to patent application P 28 19 795.7; it also shows further examples of snap springs which, in addition to other known snap springs, are suitable for the present snap switch 10.

Beiderseits des Federträgers 24 ist je ein Lagerbock 42 angeordnet, der mit dem Gehäuse 2 einstückig ausgebildet ist und eine Gelenkpfanne 44 aufweist. Die Gelenkpfanne 44 nehmen zwei Gelenkköpfe 46 auf, die an je einem hakenartigen Teil 48 eines Hebels 50 ausgebildet sind. Der Hebel 50 ist infolgedessen um eine ortsfeste Achse A schwenkbar, die sich durch die Mittelpunkte der beiden Gelenkpfannen 44 erstreckt.A bearing block 42 is arranged on each side of the spring support 24, which is formed in one piece with the housing 2 and has an articulated socket 44. The joint socket 44 receives two joint heads 46, each on a hook-like part 48 a lever 50 are formed. As a result, the lever 50 can be pivoted about a fixed axis A, which extends through the center points of the two joint sockets 44.

Der Hebel 50 umgreift mit seinen beiden hakenartigen Teilen 48 den Federträger 24 mit reichlichem Spiel, so daß er in einem weiten Winkelbereich um die Achse A schwenkeinstellbar ist. Zum Einstellen des Hebels 50 ist ein Einstellglied 52 in Gestalt einer Kopfschraube vorgesehen, die am von der Achse A entfernten Ende des Hebels 50 angreift und in den Gehäuseboden 4 eingeschraubt ist.The lever 50 engages with its two hook-like parts 48 the spring support 24 with ample play, so that it can be pivoted about the axis A in a wide angular range. To adjust the lever 50, an adjusting member 52 in the form of a cap screw is provided, which engages at the end of the lever 50 remote from the axis A and is screwed into the housing base 4.

Im Bereich-zwischen seinen hakenartigen Teilen 48 und dem Einstellglied 52 hat der Hebel 50 einen etwa U-förmigen Querschnitt mit zwei Flanschen 54, die in einer zur Achse A parallelen Ebene seitlich wegragen. Mit den beiden Flanschen 54 sind zwei Vorspannfedern verschweißt, die als Blattfedern 56 ausgebildet sind und sich in derselben Längsrichtung wie die Schnappfeder 12 auf deren beiden Seiten erstrecken. Während die Schnappfeder 12 sich zwischen den beiden Lagerböcken 42 hindurcherstreckt, sind die beiden Blattfedern 56 außerhalb der Lagerböcke angeordnet.In the area between its hook-like parts 48 and the adjusting member 52, the lever 50 has an approximately U-shaped cross section with two flanges 54 which project laterally in a plane parallel to the axis A. With the two flanges 54 two bias springs are welded, which are designed as leaf springs 56 and extend in the same longitudinal direction as the snap spring 12 on both sides. While the snap spring 12 extends between the two bearing blocks 42, the two leaf springs 56 are arranged outside the bearing blocks.

Die beiden Blattfedern 56 sind mit je einem zur Achse A ebenfalls parallelen Flansch 58 eines Lenkers 60 verschweißt und bilden gemeinsam eine Lagerung für den Lenker 60, die diesem Schwenkungen um die Achse A, jedoch keinerlei andere Bewegung ermöglicht. Die Achse A ist zugleich Quermittellinie der Schnappfeder 12.The two leaf springs 56 are welded to a flange 58 of a link 60, which is also parallel to the axis A, and together form a bearing for the link 60, which enables this pivoting about the axis A, but no other movement. The axis A is also the transverse center line of the snap spring 12.

Am Lenker 60 ist ein Haken 62 ausgebildet, an dem das eine, vom Schaltkontakt 32 und vom Hebel 50 entfernte Ende der Schnappfeder 12 befestigt ist. Das vom Hebel 50 entfernte Ende 64 des Lenkers 60 selbst ragt in eine Aussparung 66 des Gehäuses 2 hinein, deren obere und untere Begrenzung je einen Anschlag für den Lenker 60 bilden. Zwischen dem Haken 62 und dem Ende 64 ist am Lenker 60 schließlich ein kegelförmiger Angriffspunkt 68 für einen Arm 70 eines Betätigungsgliedes ausgebildet.A hook 62 is formed on the handlebar 60, on which the one end of the snap spring 12, which is remote from the switching contact 32 and from the lever 50, is fastened. The end 64 of the handlebar 60 itself, which is remote from the lever 50, projects into a recess 66 in the housing 2, the upper and lower limits of which each form a stop for the handlebar 60. Between the hook 62 and At the end 64, a conical engagement point 68 for an arm 70 of an actuating member is finally formed on the handlebar 60.

Je nachdem, ob das Einstellglied 52 mehr oder weniger tief in den Gehäuseboden 4 eingeschraubt ist, liegt das Ende 64 des Lenkers 60 in Ruhestellung des Schnappschalters 10 mit einer mehr oder weniger großen Vorspannung an der oberen Begrenzung der Aussparung 66 an (Fig.2 und 4). Wenn jedoch der Arm 70 auf den Angriffspunkt 68 eine in den Zeichnungen nach unten gerichtete Kraft P ausübt, die einen bestimmten, der Vorspannung entsprechenden Betrag überschreitet, dann drückt diese Kraft P den Lenker 60 in seine untere Anschlagstellung (Fig.3 und 5), und auf dem Weg dorthin springt die Schnappfeder 12 schlagartig um, so daß deren Schaltkontakt 32, der ursprünglich am oberen ortsfesten Kontakt 28 angelegen hat, sich schlagartig von diesem löst und an den unteren ortsfesten Kontakt 30 anlegt.Depending on whether the adjusting member 52 is screwed more or less deeply into the housing base 4, the end 64 of the link 60 rests in the rest position of the snap switch 10 with a more or less large bias against the upper limit of the recess 66 (FIGS. 2 and 4). However, if the arm 70 exerts a downward force P on the point of application 68 in the drawings which exceeds a certain amount corresponding to the pretension, then this force P pushes the handlebar 60 into its lower stop position (FIGS. 3 and 5), and on the way there, the snap spring 12 jumps around suddenly, so that its switching contact 32, which was originally placed on the upper fixed contact 28, suddenly detaches from it and contacts the lower fixed contact 30.

Claims (4)

1. Schnappschalter mit - einer Schnappfeder, die an einem Federträger befestigt ist und in einem Abstand von diesem mindestens einen Schaltkontakt trägt, - mindestens einem in bezug auf den Federträger ortsfesten Kontakt, an dem der Schaltkontakt in einer Schaltstellung der Schnappfeder anliegt, : - einem Lenker, der in der Nähe des Federträgers schwenkbar gelagert ist und in einem Abstand von seiner Lagerung sowie vom Schaltkontakt mit der Schnappfeder verbunden ist und einen Angriffspunkt für eine Betätigungskraft aufweist, - mindestens einer Vorspannfeder, die auf den Lenker einwirkt und bestrebt ist, diesen mit Vorspannung in einer Anschlagstellung zu halten, - und einem Einstellglied, mit dem sich die Vorspannung der Feder einstellen läßt, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die Vorspannfeder eine Blattfeder (56) ist, die einerseits am Lenker (60) und andererseits an einem Hebel (50) befestigt ist, der in der Nähe des Federträgers (24) in einem ortsfesten Lager (44) gelagert ist und mittels des Einstellgliedes (52) schwenkeinstellbar ist. 1. Snap switch with a snap spring which is fastened to a spring support and carries at least one switching contact at a distance therefrom, - At least one contact that is stationary with respect to the spring support and against which the switch contact rests in a switching position of the snap spring : a link which is pivotably mounted in the vicinity of the spring support and which is connected to the snap spring at a distance from its mounting and from the switching contact and has a point of application for an actuating force, at least one pretensioning spring which acts on the handlebar and strives to hold it in a stop position with pretension, - And an adjusting member with which the bias of the spring can be set, characterized in that the biasing spring is a leaf spring (56) which is fastened on the one hand to the handlebar (60) and on the other hand to a lever (50) which is nearby of the spring support (24) is mounted in a fixed bearing (44) and can be pivoted by means of the adjusting member (52). 2. Schnappschalter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Lenker (60) und Hebel (50) miteinander durch ein Paar Blattfedern (56) verbunden sind, die beiderseits der Schnappfeder (12) angeordnet sind.2. Snap switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the handlebar (60) and lever (50) with each other are connected by a pair of leaf springs (56) which are arranged on both sides of the snap spring (12). 3. Schnappschalter nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die Blattfedern (56) mit Flanschen (54,58) verschweißt sind, die seitlich von dem im Querschnitt U-förmigen Lenker (60) und dem entsprechend gestalteten Hebel (50) wegragen und daß die Schnappfeder (12) innerhalb dieser U-förmigen Querschnitte angeordnet ist.3. Snap switch according to claim 2, characterized in that the leaf springs (56) are welded to flanges (54, 58) which project laterally from the cross-sectionally U-shaped link (60) and the correspondingly designed lever (50) and in that the snap spring (12) is arranged within these U-shaped cross sections. 4. Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Schnappschalters nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei der Lenker aus Blech ausgestanzt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Lenker (60) mit dem Hebel (50) über eine Brücke zusammenhängend ausgestanzt wird, sodann die Blattfeder oder Blattfedern (56) mit Lenker (60) und Hebel (50) verschweißt werden und erst danach die Brücke beseitigt wird.4. A method for producing a snap switch according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the handlebar is punched out of sheet metal, characterized in that the handlebar (60) with the lever (50) is punched out continuously over a bridge, then the leaf spring or leaf springs (56) are welded to the handlebars (60) and levers (50) and only then is the bridge removed.
EP80105744A 1979-09-14 1980-09-24 Snap-action switch and process for its production Expired EP0048302B1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19792937309 DE2937309A1 (en) 1979-09-14 1979-09-14 SNAP SWITCH AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
EP80105744A EP0048302B1 (en) 1979-09-14 1980-09-24 Snap-action switch and process for its production
AT80105744T ATE10885T1 (en) 1979-09-14 1980-09-24 SNAP SWITCHES AND METHOD OF PRODUCTION.
US06/214,949 US4365123A (en) 1979-09-14 1980-12-10 Snap switch as well as a method for its manufacture

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19792937309 DE2937309A1 (en) 1979-09-14 1979-09-14 SNAP SWITCH AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
EP80105744A EP0048302B1 (en) 1979-09-14 1980-09-24 Snap-action switch and process for its production
US06/214,949 US4365123A (en) 1979-09-14 1980-12-10 Snap switch as well as a method for its manufacture

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0048302A1 true EP0048302A1 (en) 1982-03-31
EP0048302B1 EP0048302B1 (en) 1984-12-19

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EP80105744A Expired EP0048302B1 (en) 1979-09-14 1980-09-24 Snap-action switch and process for its production

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US (1) US4365123A (en)
EP (1) EP0048302B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE10885T1 (en)
DE (1) DE2937309A1 (en)

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DE3623200A1 (en) * 1986-07-10 1988-01-14 Schaltbau Gmbh SNAP SWITCH
US5079806A (en) * 1990-08-01 1992-01-14 Lasso L. P. Pivotal colsure

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EP1569257B1 (en) 2004-02-24 2006-07-12 Electrovac, Fabrikation elektrotechnischer Spezialartikel Gesellschaft m.b.H. Temperature sensor
EP1630837B1 (en) * 2004-08-23 2007-01-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Contact system

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3623200A1 (en) * 1986-07-10 1988-01-14 Schaltbau Gmbh SNAP SWITCH
US5079806A (en) * 1990-08-01 1992-01-14 Lasso L. P. Pivotal colsure

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0048302B1 (en) 1984-12-19
US4365123A (en) 1982-12-21
DE2937309A1 (en) 1981-04-02
ATE10885T1 (en) 1985-01-15

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