EP0047914B1 - Apparatus for extracting heat from a hygroscopic pulverulent material with a temperature lower than 100 degrees centigrade - Google Patents

Apparatus for extracting heat from a hygroscopic pulverulent material with a temperature lower than 100 degrees centigrade Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0047914B1
EP0047914B1 EP81106805A EP81106805A EP0047914B1 EP 0047914 B1 EP0047914 B1 EP 0047914B1 EP 81106805 A EP81106805 A EP 81106805A EP 81106805 A EP81106805 A EP 81106805A EP 0047914 B1 EP0047914 B1 EP 0047914B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
sand
extracting heat
temperature lower
degrees centigrade
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81106805A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0047914A1 (en
Inventor
Serge Alquier
Louis Berthod
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alstom SA
Original Assignee
Alsthom Atlantique SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alsthom Atlantique SA filed Critical Alsthom Atlantique SA
Priority to AT81106805T priority Critical patent/ATE11017T1/en
Publication of EP0047914A1 publication Critical patent/EP0047914A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0047914B1 publication Critical patent/EP0047914B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
    • F28C3/00—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus
    • F28C3/10—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus one heat-exchange medium at least being a fluent solid, e.g. a particulate material
    • F28C3/12—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus one heat-exchange medium at least being a fluent solid, e.g. a particulate material the heat-exchange medium being a particulate material and a gas, vapour, or liquid
    • F28C3/16—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus one heat-exchange medium at least being a fluent solid, e.g. a particulate material the heat-exchange medium being a particulate material and a gas, vapour, or liquid the particulate material forming a bed, e.g. fluidised, on vibratory sieves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C5/00—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose
    • B22C5/08—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose by sprinkling, cooling, or drying
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
    • F28C3/00—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus
    • F28C3/10—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus one heat-exchange medium at least being a fluent solid, e.g. a particulate material
    • F28C3/12—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus one heat-exchange medium at least being a fluent solid, e.g. a particulate material the heat-exchange medium being a particulate material and a gas, vapour, or liquid
    • F28C3/14—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus one heat-exchange medium at least being a fluent solid, e.g. a particulate material the heat-exchange medium being a particulate material and a gas, vapour, or liquid the particulate material moving by gravity, e.g. down a tube

Definitions

  • a device as specified above is known, for example from document US-A-3,205,543.
  • This device comprises a porous mat, which horizontally advances the material to be cooled and which lets dry air pass vertically .
  • Above this mat there are ejection nozzles which deliver drops of water to wet the hot material.
  • the amount of water is regulated according to the temperature of the material, so that the material is strongly watered when it is very hot (for example 200 ° C), while the water supply is blocked when the temperature drops below a certain limit, the air passing through the mat then ensures only cooling.
  • Such a device is subject to frequent maintenance, since the porosity of the carpet degrades quickly when it is desired to cool sand having a large particle size range. Indeed, very fine particles clog the pores of the carpet and thus impede the passage of air.
  • the object of the invention is, with respect to this state of the art, to propose a device with reduced maintenance, that is to say without porous carpet.
  • the means for moving the material comprise a jerk conveyor comprising a succession of ramps, the jolts being chosen to cause all the ramps to climb successively by the grains of the material, and that the means for spraying the water are arranged in zones where the grains fall from the top of a ramp onto the next ramp.
  • the single figure is a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • the quantity of water just necessary for cooling is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the sand, this quantity corresponding to approximately 550 calories / kg of evaporated water.
  • Evaporation of the water is ensured by a low gas circulation, possibly under reduced pressure, which decreases the partial pressure of water vapor at the level of each grain and thus allows evaporation before the grains have been able to agglomerate.
  • the gas also allows evacuation by entrainment of the water vapor produced.
  • a uniform spraying of water on the surface of the sand is necessary and, preferably, 3% of cold water is injected by weight relative to the sand.
  • the device shown in the figure comprises a hopper 2 for the supply of pulverulent material, for example hot foundry sand.
  • the sand falls on a shaker conveyor comprising a table 4 set in motion by a mechanism 6 of known type. On this table are arranged three ascending ramps 8, 10 and 12 that the sand successively climbs under the action of the tremors applied by the mechanism 6.
  • a water sprayer In the vicinity of each of the ramp tops is arranged a water sprayer, respectively 16, 18 and 20, which directs the water onto the sand in the areas where the layers of sand mix in the vicinity of the top of the ramp, and where the sand falls.
  • shaker conveyor can be horizontal, inclined or helical.
  • the gas which, as indicated above, ensures evaporation is preferably air; it is sent, via a pipe 21, preferably in the opposite direction to that of the sand, and meets each grain which falls from the ramps, ensuring thus the evaporation of the water and the transport of the water vapor produced.
  • the air taken up in the vicinity of the hopper 2 is then hot and humid; it is sent to a condenser 22 which recovers the heat.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
  • Tea And Coffee (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)

Abstract

Spray nozzles (16, 18, 20) inject just sufficient water to produce the desired cooling of hot powdered substance by evaporation of the water. The water is sprayed finely and uniformly onto said substance to avoid wet lumps agglomerating. The substance comes from a hopper (2), and flows through the apparatus in the opposite direction to a drying gas flow from inlet (21) to a condenser (22) where the heat is recovered from the water vapor. Application to recycling foundry sand and, more generably, to using sand which has been heated.

Description

L'invention concerne un dispositif pour l'extraction de la chaleur d'un matériau pulvérulent hydrophile au-dessous de 100°C, comportant

  • -des moyens de mise en mouvement turbulent de ce matériau,
  • - des moyens pour pulvériser de l'eau froide sur la surface de ce matériau en mouvement,
  • - et des moyens pour faire circuler un gaz de séchage au contact du matériau mouillé.
The invention relates to a device for extracting heat from a hydrophilic pulverulent material below 100 ° C., comprising
  • means of turbulent movement of this material,
  • - means for spraying cold water onto the surface of this moving material,
  • - And means for circulating a drying gas in contact with the wet material.

Un dispositif tel que spécifié ci-dessus est connu, par exemple à partir du document US-A-3 205 543. Ce dispositif comporte un tapis poreux, qui fait avancer horizontalement le matériau à refroidir et qui laisse passer verticalement de l'air sec. Au-dessus de ce tapis, il y a des buses d'éjection qui débitent des gouttes d'eau pour mouiller le matériau chaud. La quantité d'eau est régulée en fonction de la température du matériau, de sorte que le matériau est fortement arrosé lorsqu'il est très chaud (par exemple 200°C), alors que l'alimentation en eau est bloquée lorsque la température descend au-dessous d'une certaine limite, l'air traversant le tapis assurant alors seul le refroidissement.A device as specified above is known, for example from document US-A-3,205,543. This device comprises a porous mat, which horizontally advances the material to be cooled and which lets dry air pass vertically . Above this mat, there are ejection nozzles which deliver drops of water to wet the hot material. The amount of water is regulated according to the temperature of the material, so that the material is strongly watered when it is very hot (for example 200 ° C), while the water supply is blocked when the temperature drops below a certain limit, the air passing through the mat then ensures only cooling.

Un tel dispositif est sujet à un entretien fréquent, car la porosité du tapis se dégrade rapidement lorsqu'on veut refroidir du sable ayant une grande plage granulométrique. En effet, les particules très fines bouchent les pores du tapis et gênent ainsi le passage de l'air.Such a device is subject to frequent maintenance, since the porosity of the carpet degrades quickly when it is desired to cool sand having a large particle size range. Indeed, very fine particles clog the pores of the carpet and thus impede the passage of air.

L'invention a pour but, par rapport à cet état de la technique, de proposer un dispositif à entretien réduit, c'est-à-dire sans tapis poreux.The object of the invention is, with respect to this state of the art, to propose a device with reduced maintenance, that is to say without porous carpet.

Ce but est atteint selon l'invention par le fait que les moyens de mise en mouvement du matériau comprennent un transporteur à secousses comportant une succession de rampes, les secousses étant choisies pour faire gravir successivement toutes les rampes par les grains du matériau, et que les moyens pour pulvériser l'eau sont disposés dans des zones où les grains tombent du sommet d'une rampe sur la rampe suivante.This object is achieved according to the invention by the fact that the means for moving the material comprise a jerk conveyor comprising a succession of ramps, the jolts being chosen to cause all the ramps to climb successively by the grains of the material, and that the means for spraying the water are arranged in zones where the grains fall from the top of a ramp onto the next ramp.

On connaît, par ailleurs, par le document DE-A-2 540 124, une table de secousse transportant du sable et ayant des fentes par lesquelles de l'air pénètre par en-dessous dans la couche de sable pour son refroidissement. Mais, ne prévoyant pas un arrosage du matériau par de l'eau, ce dispositif est peu efficace.We also know from document DE-A-2,540,124, a shaking table transporting sand and having slots through which air penetrates from below into the layer of sand for cooling. However, since it does not provide for watering of the material, this device is not very effective.

A l'aide des figures ci-jointes, on va décrire ci-après un exemple de réalisation du dispositif de l'invention.Using the attached figures, an embodiment of the device of the invention will be described below.

La figure unique est une vue schématique d'un mode préféré de réalisation de l'invention.The single figure is a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the invention.

Avant de décrire le dispositif, quelques explications seront données sur le procédé qu'il met en oeuvre.Before describing the device, some explanations will be given on the process it implements.

On pulvérise uniformément à la surface du sable, la quantité d'eau juste nécessaire au refroidissement, cette quantité correspondant à environ 550 calories/kg d'eau évaporée.The quantity of water just necessary for cooling is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the sand, this quantity corresponding to approximately 550 calories / kg of evaporated water.

L'évaporation de l'eau est assurée par une faible circulation de gaz, éventuellement sous pression réduite, qui diminue la pression partielle de vapeur d'eau au niveau de chaque grain et permet ainsi l'évaporation avant que les grains n'aient pu s'agglomérer. Le gaz permet en outre l'évacuation par entraînement de la vapeur d'eau produite.Evaporation of the water is ensured by a low gas circulation, possibly under reduced pressure, which decreases the partial pressure of water vapor at the level of each grain and thus allows evaporation before the grains have been able to agglomerate. The gas also allows evacuation by entrainment of the water vapor produced.

Une pulvérisation uniforme de l'eau à la surface du sable est nécessaire et, de préférence on injecte 3% d'eau froids en poids par rapport au sable.A uniform spraying of water on the surface of the sand is necessary and, preferably, 3% of cold water is injected by weight relative to the sand.

Les pulvérisateurs du commerce produisent des gouttes relativement grosses par rapport à la granulométrie du sable, gouttes de 200 µm pour un sable ayant une granulométrie moyenne de 130 µm (sable compris entre 40 µm et 200 µm) si bien que les 3% d'eau ont tendance à former de petites boulettes de sable humide qu'il faut disperser par des moyens mécaniques (tambour tournant, agitateur, etc....).Commercial sprayers produce relatively large drops compared to the particle size of the sand, 200 µm drops for a sand with an average particle size of 130 µm (sand between 40 µm and 200 µm) so that the 3% water tend to form small pellets of wet sand which must be dispersed by mechanical means (rotating drum, agitator, etc.).

Il est préférable d'humecter le plus réguliére- ment possible le sable avec seulement 3% d'eau. Pour cela, il est possible d'utiliser des pulvérisateurs du type "ultra-sons" produisant un "brouillard" de très fines particules, par exemple de 20 µm. Par rapport aux gouttelettes de diamètre 200 um, on a 1000 fois plus de gouttes de 20 µm, ainsi le sable est humecté beaucoup plus régulièrement, donc son refroidissement par évaporation sera plus rapide et plus uniforme.It is best to moisten the sand as regularly as possible with only 3% water. For this, it is possible to use sprayers of the "ultrasonic" type producing a "mist" of very fine particles, for example of 20 μm. Compared to 200 µm diameter droplets, there are 1000 times more 20 µm drops, so the sand is moistened much more regularly, so its cooling by evaporation will be faster and more uniform.

Le dispositif représenté dans la figure comporte une trémie 2 pour l'alimentation en matière pulvérulente, par exemple du sable chaud de fonderie. Le sable tombe sur un transporteur à secousses comportant une table 4 mise en mouvement par un mécanisme 6 de type connu. Sur cette table sont disposées trois rampes ascendantes 8, 10 et 12 que le sable gravit successivement sous l'action des secousses appliquées par le mécanisme 6.The device shown in the figure comprises a hopper 2 for the supply of pulverulent material, for example hot foundry sand. The sand falls on a shaker conveyor comprising a table 4 set in motion by a mechanism 6 of known type. On this table are arranged three ascending ramps 8, 10 and 12 that the sand successively climbs under the action of the tremors applied by the mechanism 6.

Au sommet de chacune des rampes le sable retombe sur le début de la rampe suivante, pour être finalement amené à un récepteur de sortie 14.At the top of each of the ramps the sand falls back onto the start of the next ramp, to be finally brought to an output receiver 14.

Au voisinage de chacun des sommets de rampe est disposé un pulvérisateur d'eau, respectivement 16, 18 et 20, qui dirige l'eau sur le sable dans les zones où les couches de sable se mélangent au voisinage du sommet de la rampe, et où le sable retombe.In the vicinity of each of the ramp tops is arranged a water sprayer, respectively 16, 18 and 20, which directs the water onto the sand in the areas where the layers of sand mix in the vicinity of the top of the ramp, and where the sand falls.

Bien entendu le transporteur à secousses peut être horizontal, incliné ou hélicoïdal.Of course the shaker conveyor can be horizontal, inclined or helical.

Le gaz qui, comme indiqué ci-dessus, assure l'évaporation est de préférence de l'air; il est envoyé, par une canalisation 21, de préférence en sens inverse de celui du sable, et rencontre chaque grain qui tombe des rampes, assurant ainei l'évaporation de l'eau et le transport de la vapeur d'eau produite.The gas which, as indicated above, ensures evaporation is preferably air; it is sent, via a pipe 21, preferably in the opposite direction to that of the sand, and meets each grain which falls from the ramps, ensuring thus the evaporation of the water and the transport of the water vapor produced.

L'air, repris au voisinage de la trémie 2 est alors chaud et humide; il est envoyé dans un condenseur 22 qui permet de récupérer la chaleur.The air taken up in the vicinity of the hopper 2 is then hot and humid; it is sent to a condenser 22 which recovers the heat.

Claims (4)

1. An apparatus for extracting heat from a hygroscopic powdered material below 100°C, comprising
- means (4, 6) for setting the material into turbulent motion,
means (16, 18, 20) for spraying water on the surface of said moving material,
- and means (21) for causing a drying gas flow in contact with the humidified material,

characterized in that the means for setting the material into motion comprise a shaking conveyor (4, 6) having a succession of ramps (8, 10, 12), the shaking movement being chosen such that the grains of the material rise up successively all the ramps and fall down from the top of one ramp to the next one.
2. An apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the means (16, 18, 20) for spraying cold water dispense water droplets having a diameter of about 20 µm.
3. An apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the quantity of sprayed water corresponds to 3% by weight of the quantity of said material.
4. An apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flow direction of the drying gas is opposite to that of the material.
EP81106805A 1980-09-04 1981-09-01 Apparatus for extracting heat from a hygroscopic pulverulent material with a temperature lower than 100 degrees centigrade Expired EP0047914B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81106805T ATE11017T1 (en) 1980-09-04 1981-09-01 DEVICE FOR EXTRACTING HEAT FROM A HYGROSCOPIC GRANULATED MATERIAL WITH A TEMPERATURE BELOW 100 DEGREES CELSIUS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8019093A FR2489489A1 (en) 1980-09-04 1980-09-04 METHOD OF EXTRACTING THE HEAT OF A HYDROPHILIC PULVERULENT MATERIAL BELOW 100 OC
FR8019093 1980-09-04

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0047914A1 EP0047914A1 (en) 1982-03-24
EP0047914B1 true EP0047914B1 (en) 1985-01-02

Family

ID=9245649

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81106805A Expired EP0047914B1 (en) 1980-09-04 1981-09-01 Apparatus for extracting heat from a hygroscopic pulverulent material with a temperature lower than 100 degrees centigrade

Country Status (9)

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US (1) US4377937A (en)
EP (1) EP0047914B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE11017T1 (en)
BR (1) BR8105611A (en)
CA (1) CA1162842A (en)
DE (1) DE3168042D1 (en)
ES (1) ES8206823A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2489489A1 (en)
MA (1) MA19259A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2674320B1 (en) * 1991-03-21 1999-01-29 Lair Liquide FREEZING PROCESS AND DEVICE
NZ250270A (en) * 1992-12-29 1995-07-26 Boc Group Inc Freezing food using liquid refrigerant: turbulent flow of refrigerant induced in trough type conveyor
FR2701552B1 (en) * 1993-02-10 1995-03-24 Air Liquide Vibrating aisle freezer.
DE202010010804U1 (en) 2010-07-29 2011-11-02 Lintec Gmbh & Co. Kg Mobile device for concrete production with cooling of bulk material

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1844782A (en) * 1926-10-30 1932-02-09 Krupp Fried Grusonwerk Ag Apparatus for cooling loose material
DE942271C (en) * 1952-10-17 1956-05-03 Metallgesellschaft Ag Process for the continuous cooling of extracted material
US2863190A (en) * 1954-10-20 1958-12-09 Fischer Ag Georg Method and means for cooling granular masses containing evaporable liquid
US3161485A (en) * 1957-12-20 1964-12-15 Fischer Ag Georg Sand cooling plant
US3089653A (en) * 1961-09-20 1963-05-14 Dundee Cement Co Hot clinker conveying and cooling apparatus
US3205543A (en) * 1963-05-27 1965-09-14 Rex Chainbelt Inc Process and apparatus for cooling foundry sand on a vibratory conveyor
US3172177A (en) * 1964-02-05 1965-03-09 Herbert C Brauchla Continuous method of preparing foundry sand
DE1483123A1 (en) * 1965-01-26 1969-01-23 Peters Ag Claudius Rust cooler for cement clinker and the like.
US3989227A (en) * 1974-10-10 1976-11-02 General Kinematics Corporation Fluid bed blender and cooler

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3168042D1 (en) 1985-02-14
FR2489489A1 (en) 1982-03-05
MA19259A1 (en) 1982-04-01
ATE11017T1 (en) 1985-01-15
EP0047914A1 (en) 1982-03-24
US4377937A (en) 1983-03-29
FR2489489B1 (en) 1984-04-27
BR8105611A (en) 1982-05-18
ES505181A0 (en) 1982-08-16
CA1162842A (en) 1984-02-28
ES8206823A1 (en) 1982-08-16

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