EP0046137B1 - Hotte d'épuration de fluides gazeux - Google Patents

Hotte d'épuration de fluides gazeux Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0046137B1
EP0046137B1 EP81810313A EP81810313A EP0046137B1 EP 0046137 B1 EP0046137 B1 EP 0046137B1 EP 81810313 A EP81810313 A EP 81810313A EP 81810313 A EP81810313 A EP 81810313A EP 0046137 B1 EP0046137 B1 EP 0046137B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hood
rotor
cleansing
fact
fluid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81810313A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0046137A1 (fr
Inventor
Pierre De Castella
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT81810313T priority Critical patent/ATE11113T1/de
Publication of EP0046137A1 publication Critical patent/EP0046137A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0046137B1 publication Critical patent/EP0046137B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C15/00—Details
    • F24C15/20—Removing cooking fumes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B15/00—Preventing escape of dirt or fumes from the area where they are produced; Collecting or removing dirt or fumes from that area
    • B08B15/02—Preventing escape of dirt or fumes from the area where they are produced; Collecting or removing dirt or fumes from that area using chambers or hoods covering the area

Definitions

  • the subject of the invention is a hood for purifying gaseous fluids comprising an external frame, a motor driving a rotor.
  • Purification hoods for gaseous fluids are generally constructed on the principle of filtration by the forced passage of the fluid, under the action of a fan, through one or more filters placed in series in the hood.
  • electrostatic separators in which the gaseous fluid, sucked in by a fan, travels through a battery of electrodes charged with static electricity on which the impurities are deposited.
  • the filters which retain the impurities are more or less quickly saturated, and they must then be cleaned or changed to fulfill their function again.
  • the electrodes must be cleaned frequently, otherwise the electrical circuit will fail or harmful gas produced.
  • German publication DE-B-1 190 157 describes a purification hood comprising a rotor consisting of a ring of porous material placed inside a basket driven by a motor and acting as a fan. This porous ring is crossed by the fluid to be purified. The pores of the material constituting the ring, however, clog very quickly and the filter thus formed becomes ineffective.
  • the object of the invention is to remedy these drawbacks and to present a hood in which the purification of the gaseous fluid is carried out in two stages: firstly the retention of solid and liquid particles, of all sizes, on the rotor surfaces without crossing them, and then neutralization of undesirable gaseous components by the filter placed at the outlet of the hood.
  • the hood according to the invention comprising a rotor arranged to simultaneously generate a ventilation function and a purification function of the solid and liquid polluting particles suspended in the fluid to be purified is characterized in that the polluting particles are purified by absorption on rough surfaces which constitute said rotor, so as to produce a turbulent flow around these surfaces and force said flow to lick these surfaces without passing through them, the rotor being followed by a filter arranged to neutralize or transform the undesirable gaseous components contained in said fluid after the purification due to the rotor.
  • the rotor has a sun pleated shape, it is executed in a fibrous material with rough surfaces.
  • the degree of fouling of the rotor surfaces is measurable at all times since they are not crossed by the impurities they retain.
  • the rotor is replaced by standard exchange and destroyed, it can also be executed in a solid and washable material, but this operation is certainly more expensive than the price of a new rotor.
  • the pressure drops at the suction of the gaseous fluid in the hood according to the invention are very low, since the flow of the fluid to be purified enters freely in the hood as soon as the rotor is set in motion. This results in the possibility of using low power motors rotating at low speeds to drive the rotor. At equal flow, the hood will be less noisy and more economical in energy consumption if a comparison is made with traditional hoods which purify by means of filters through which the flow of the gaseous fluid passes.
  • an aerodynamic seal is placed in the inlet opening of the gaseous fluid in the hood, so as to extend over part of the periphery of the rotor without touching it.
  • This aerodynamic seal is produced in the form of a folded strip forming a coil surrounding the inlet opening of the hood, or of a smooth frustoconical surface whose surface of the suction hole is smaller than the surface of the rotor.
  • This aerodynamic seal is intended to oppose the discharge of gaseous fluid through the suction port of the hood.
  • the filter placed at the outlet of the hood according to the invention is crossed by a flow of the gaseous fluid physically purified from the solid and liquid particles which it conveyed at the inlet of the hood.
  • This filter is therefore protected against the influence of these pollutants.
  • This filter can be impregnated with a reagent intended to neutralize or transform the particles of undesirable gaseous components still contained in the fluid to be purified.
  • This reagent can consist of a chemical impregnation of the filter, of water or of steam to humidify the purified gaseous fluid, of perfume or on the contrary of deodorant, etc.
  • this filter consists of a bed of granulated charcoal, the effectiveness of which is not impaired, even after three years of use, thanks to the good protection provided by the rotor. , which perfectly retains water vapor and grease.
  • the hood according to the invention is light and compact. It is independent of any pipe and requires only a low-voltage single-phase socket for its power supply. By allowing the recycling of the purified and deodorized fluid in the ambient air, this hood does not cause any heat loss in the room in which it is installed.
  • the filter placed at the top of the hood practically does not clog, since the particles which clog the filters of the hoods of art anterior are retained on the surfaces of the adsorbent rotor. This has the consequence that the hood has an efficiency much higher than that of conventional hoods in operation.
  • the drawing shows, by way of example, an embodiment of a gaseous fluid purification hood according to the invention.
  • the exhaust gas cleaning hood shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawing comprises a circular frame 1 in the form of a cylinder and having inside it two annular rings 2 and 3 (Fig. 2) which will serve as support for retaining the internal parts of the hood described more far.
  • a circular base plate 4 intended to form the horizontal frame of the hood and on which is fixed a motor 5 by means of fixing lugs 6.
  • a protective cylinder 7 is placed around the motor 5 and fixed on the plate 4.
  • the plate 4 has openings 8 regularly distributed over its periphery and placed adjacent to the interior surface of the circular frame 1.
  • the crowns 2, 3 and the plate 4 are fixed to the frame 1 by welding, same as the protective cylinder 7 which is itself welded to the plate 4.
  • the parts 2, 3, 4 and 7 can be joined by any other known means, for example riveting, bonding, etc. or be formed in one piece with the circular mantle 1 in the case where the hood is produced by molding.
  • the hood casing made up of parts 1, 2, 3, 4 and 7 can be made of sheet metal, light metal or plastic. It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the frame 1 can also be presented for example in square form, so that it can be embedded in an arrangement of prefabricated modules, as is the case for example for the arrangement of kitchens. or laboratories.
  • the motor 5 comprises a shaft 9 whose axis coincides with the vertical axis of symmetry 10 of the hood shown in the drawing.
  • the shaft 9 of the motor 5 crosses at 11 the plate 4 and has at its free end a locking sleeve 12 on which is fixed a pleated rotor 13 by means of a circular plate 14, itself fixed on a neck 15 integral with the sleeve 12.
  • the pleated rotor 13 is in the form of a pleated disc having at its center a central opening whose diameter is larger than that of the sleeve 12 on which the pleated disc is centered.
  • the central opening of the pleated disc is maintained at a constant diameter by a wire represented at 16 adjacent to the opening and passing through all the folds of the rotor 1 and the pleated disc is maintained on the plate 14 at its periphery by any known means such as such as bonding, riveting, etc.
  • the pleated disc can be made of any thin material having rough surfaces. According to one embodiment, it is produced from a cellulose paper with a rough surface, such as blotting paper.
  • the pleated rotor or disc 13 can also be produced from a cellular plastic material.
  • the material used to produce the rotor 13 must have only one important characteristic: it must have a rough surface with visible asperities on which the liquid and solid particles in suspension in the gaseous fluid to be purified by means of the hood can hang and fix.
  • the plate 14 can also be made of the same material as the pleated disc 13 and constitute a removable assembly with said disc. In the case where the plate 14 will only be a support piece, it will have hooking means, not shown, to allow the pleated disc or the VELCRO @ supports to be fixed .
  • a removable base 17 in the form of an annular crown with a central circular opening 18 is applied against the crown 3 of the frame 1 and fixed in a removable manner against the latter by means not shown.
  • the removable bottom 17 has on its upper surface a cylindrical part 19 concentric with the opening 18 and intended to retain a fixed aerodynamic seal 20 produced from a pleated strip the two ends of which are joined to form an annular coil.
  • the seal can be made of the same material as the rotor 13. As shown in the drawing, it covers part of the periphery of the rotor 13, without touching said rotor. Like the rotor, it is interchangeable after removing the removable base 17.
  • the removable base 17a is in the form of a truncated cone 23 diverging upwards, surrounded by an annular crown 24, applied against the crown 3 of the frame 1.
  • the annular crown 24 has approximately the same internal diameter B that the outside of the rotor and the lower end of the frusto-conical part 23 has a smaller diameter A, serving as a central circular opening through which the gaseous fluid enters the hood.
  • the height of this truncated cone is such that its side walls form an angle of about 30 ° with the base.
  • This removable bottom acts as a replacement for the aerodynamic seal 20 (Fig. 2) by providing a turbulence chamber under the rotor favorable for the deposition of impurities on the surface of the rotor.
  • the diameter A of the central circular opening must be equal to or less than 0.75 times the internal diameter B of the annular ring 24.
  • a conventional filter 21 intended for example to chemically neutralize gaseous toxic particles contained in the fluid to be purified or to neutralize unpleasant odors or else to retain any particle which would not have not attached to the pleated rotor.
  • the fixed aerodynamic seal 20 placed between the rotor 13 and the suction hole 18 has a particularly important function. As mentioned above, it partially covers the periphery of the rotor 13 (approximately 1/8 of the radius of the rotor 13), without however touching said rotor.
  • This seal 20, usually made of the same material as the rotor 13 is interchangeable like it, it prevents the backflow of the air sucked in and it thus allows a certain pressure to be obtained inside the hood, which forces the fluid gas through the conventional filter 21 and out of the hood with a satisfactory flow.
  • This fixed aerodynamic seal 20 is pleated, the folds being placed radially relative to the suction hole, without touching the rotor 13.
  • This fixed pleated seal can also be replaced by a series of straight or V or S folded strips or any another form opposing the discharge of the fluid towards the outside of the hood.
  • a prototype of the hood which has just been described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 were produced for an application of an air recirculation kitchen hood.
  • This prototype was produced in the official standards for the size of current hoods and has been tested. It was equipped with a 90 watt, 220 volt motor to drive an adsorbent rotor with an outside diameter of 400 mm rotating at variable speeds between 500 and 1,200 rpm.
  • the aerodynamic seal 20 had an inside diameter of 350 mm and an outside diameter of 400 mm.
  • the filter 21 consisted of a bed of agglomerated activated carbon with a capacity of 3 liters on a surface of 0.22 m 2 placed at the top of the hood. It ensured complete deodorization of the cooking vapors so that there was no longer any inconvenience in letting the air escape into the kitchen.
  • the purification of the liquid and solid parts was carried out by means of the pleated rotor 13 and the aerodynamic seal 20 made of interchangeable blotting paper.
  • the lower opening 18 of the hood makes it possible to see the pleated rotor 13 and the dynamic seal 20. It is thus possible to check at a glance the degree of fouling of the seal and of the rotor; the latter can then be replaced by standard exchange when it is saturated, that is to say when its folds are filled with dust and fat. This operation should not take place more than three or four times a year in the normal use of a hood for a private housewife. Since the rotor is made of a paper-based material, its destruction poses no problem.
  • Flammability tests of this rotor unprotected against fire over a fryer or a kitchen stove, have been carried out and have shown that when the rotor is in motion the flames reaching it do not can communicate the fire to the hood. Rotation of the rotor prevents the flame from igniting its surfaces, however saturated with grease. During the tests which were carried out, it was impossible to set the rotor on fire. This fact is a considerable advantage, because in conventional hoods provided with metallic fire-resistant grates, these quickly clog up, they must be washed frequently under penalty of a significant reduction in the flow of aspirated air.
  • the hood which has just been described with its 90 watt motor implements a lower power than that which is necessary to overcome the pressure drops produced through the conventional filters which equip the hoods of the prior art and which gradually become blocked.
  • the hood which has just been described can also be used to humidify the air. It will then suffice to add a vaporizing device or simply to humidify a filter such as the filter 21 and to operate the hood which has the advantage of being able to dust and disinfect the air before its humidification without having to change or constantly wash clogged filters, as is the case in prior art devices.
  • Another embodiment was carried out to purify the ambient air of an autogenous soldering station.
  • the soot particles were fixed on the rotor while the metal oxides were neutralized by the filter 21.
  • the purification of the welding fumes being total, it is no longer necessary to evacuate the air to the exterior, which represents a serious saving of heat energy and investment.
  • styrene vapors when making molded parts made of polyester reinforced with glass fibers is harmful. Face masks with activated carbon filters are unpleasant to wear and quickly blocked by glass fibrils.
  • the production and installation of a hood according to the present invention made it possible to collect dust, glass fibers and styrene aerosols on the rotor 13 and to neutralize the styrene vapors with the active carbon filter 21. a yield greater than 90%. The air thus purified can be recycled in the workshop without inconvenience.
  • a pleated rotor has been shown and described forming a "sun pleated consisting of folds starting from a center and moving away radially towards the periphery of the rotor. It is obvious that this pleated rotor can be replaced by other similar rotors in particular by a pleated rotor made up of several stages or a rotor made up of channels established between two flat discs.
  • any rotor which has parts of alternating left surfaces or parts of plane surfaces forming angles therebetween and arranged to produce a turbulent flow of gaseous fluids which they move is more or less effective, it being understood that the rotor surfaces must be rough to retain and fix solid and liquid particles. The same applies to the fixed aerodynamic seal placed between the rotor and the gaseous fluid suction hole in the hood.
  • the filter 21 could be soaked with water by means of a suitable device and that the hood could serve as a humidifier for a living room, it being understood that the humidified air was previously purified by the action of the rotor.
  • the filter 21 can also be impregnated with a perfume or a deodorant intended to neutralize odors or else be soaked with a germicidal agent.
  • the filter 21 can also be formed from a solid honeycomb body, conditioned in temperature to heat or cool the flow leaving the hood.
  • This device becomes a complete air conditioner since it is able to purify the ambient air of its solid, liquid and gaseous pollutants, to humidify or dry the purified air, to heat or cool it at will. This succession of operations is carried out almost noiselessly and without deploying excessive energy.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)
  • Separation Of Particles Using Liquids (AREA)
EP81810313A 1980-08-07 1981-08-03 Hotte d'épuration de fluides gazeux Expired EP0046137B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81810313T ATE11113T1 (de) 1980-08-07 1981-08-03 Saeuberungshaube fuer gasfoermige fluida.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH599380A CH637307A5 (fr) 1980-08-07 1980-08-07 Hotte d'epuration de fluides gazeux.
CH5993/80 1980-08-07

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0046137A1 EP0046137A1 (fr) 1982-02-17
EP0046137B1 true EP0046137B1 (fr) 1985-01-09

Family

ID=4302644

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81810313A Expired EP0046137B1 (fr) 1980-08-07 1981-08-03 Hotte d'épuration de fluides gazeux

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0046137B1 (ko)
JP (1) JPS57119811A (ko)
AT (1) ATE11113T1 (ko)
CH (1) CH637307A5 (ko)
DE (1) DE3168148D1 (ko)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017100415A1 (de) * 2017-01-11 2018-07-12 Miele & Cie. Kg Dunstabzugshaube und Verfahren zum Betreiben

Families Citing this family (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4469084A (en) * 1983-05-27 1984-09-04 Spinair Corp. Device for collecting emissions from kerosene heaters
GB2210448B (en) * 1987-09-30 1991-11-27 Tiong Ee Ong Cooker hood
CH685103A5 (de) * 1988-02-02 1995-03-31 Jura Elektroapparate Fab Luftreinigungsgerät.
FR2728179B1 (fr) * 1994-12-19 1997-03-14 Delta Neu Dispositif d'extraction d'huile d'un flux gazeux
DE29513292U1 (de) * 1995-08-18 1996-12-19 Gutmann Gmbh Dunstabzugselement
FR2761620B1 (fr) * 1997-04-02 1999-05-28 Sarl Geom Hotte aspirante de table
US6024775A (en) * 1997-08-06 2000-02-15 Miller; Jack V. Sealed case with closed-cycle filter system
US6729196B2 (en) * 1999-03-10 2004-05-04 Mesosystems Technology, Inc. Biological individual sampler
CN102654292B (zh) * 2011-08-16 2014-07-09 刘瑛 一种环保循环式吸油烟机
CN104930568A (zh) * 2015-05-13 2015-09-23 苏州韩博厨房电器科技有限公司 餐厨领域用油烟过滤方法
CN104949178A (zh) * 2015-05-13 2015-09-30 苏州韩博厨房电器科技有限公司 餐厨领域用油烟过滤装置
FR3037385B1 (fr) * 2015-06-11 2019-05-03 Societe Cabri Deal Filtre anti-odeur universel pour hotte aspirante.
CN106895457B (zh) * 2017-02-15 2020-11-24 美的集团股份有限公司 油烟分离装置及排烟装置
DE102019101589B4 (de) * 2019-01-23 2021-02-11 Miele & Cie. Kg Dunstabzugshaube und Verfahren zum Wechseln von Filtereinheiten
CN112957825B (zh) * 2021-04-12 2024-04-30 蒲兴如 一种吸油烟机油烟分离结构及吸油烟机

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1190157B (de) * 1961-11-04 1965-04-01 Junker & Ruh G M B H Absaugehaube
DE1604293C3 (de) * 1966-12-21 1973-10-18 Siemens Electrogeraete Gmbh, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen Dunstabzugshaube
JPS4711480U (ko) * 1971-03-02 1972-10-11
JPS519375B2 (ko) * 1973-05-30 1976-03-26
JPS519375U (ko) * 1974-07-08 1976-01-23
JPS5146301A (en) * 1974-10-18 1976-04-20 Nippon Steel Corp Koroyokookusuno seizohoho
US4038913A (en) * 1976-05-14 1977-08-02 Earley Sa Lomie C Hair spray exhaust system
FR2370237A1 (fr) * 1976-11-08 1978-06-02 Voisin Roger Hotte de cuisine incluant une cartouche de desodorisant
JPS578798Y2 (ko) * 1977-06-13 1982-02-19
JPS5413637A (en) * 1977-06-30 1979-02-01 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Method of bonding cross rail and vertical rail
US4133300A (en) * 1977-08-01 1979-01-09 Home Metal Products Company Ventilating range hood

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017100415A1 (de) * 2017-01-11 2018-07-12 Miele & Cie. Kg Dunstabzugshaube und Verfahren zum Betreiben
DE102017100415B4 (de) 2017-01-11 2022-01-13 Miele & Cie. Kg Dunstabzugshaube und Verfahren zum Betreiben

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0046137A1 (fr) 1982-02-17
CH637307A5 (fr) 1983-07-29
DE3168148D1 (en) 1985-02-21
ATE11113T1 (de) 1985-01-15
JPH0316163B2 (ko) 1991-03-04
JPS57119811A (en) 1982-07-26

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