EP0044734B1 - Wärmetauscher - Google Patents

Wärmetauscher Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0044734B1
EP0044734B1 EP19810303307 EP81303307A EP0044734B1 EP 0044734 B1 EP0044734 B1 EP 0044734B1 EP 19810303307 EP19810303307 EP 19810303307 EP 81303307 A EP81303307 A EP 81303307A EP 0044734 B1 EP0044734 B1 EP 0044734B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tubes
heat exchanger
transverse
flow
elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19810303307
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0044734A2 (de
EP0044734A3 (en
Inventor
Christopher John Davenport
Timothy Anton Turton Cowell
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Armstrong Engineering Ltd
Original Assignee
Armstrong Engineering Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=10514962&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0044734(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Armstrong Engineering Ltd filed Critical Armstrong Engineering Ltd
Publication of EP0044734A2 publication Critical patent/EP0044734A2/de
Publication of EP0044734A3 publication Critical patent/EP0044734A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0044734B1 publication Critical patent/EP0044734B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/22—Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
    • F28F1/32—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
    • F28F1/325—Fins with openings

Definitions

  • This invention relates to heat exchangers and particularly to heat exchangers of the kind having a plurality of parallel tubes enclosed within a shell and having an inlet and an outlet for passing fluid through the tubes.
  • a plurality of fin elements extend across the tubes to form secondary heat exchange surfaces and another fluid is fed between the tubes to pass over the secondary surfaces.
  • Heat exchangers of this kind have been disclosed in GB-A-717,613 and 1,544,927.
  • the secondary surface fin elements have been formed with louvres or slits to improve the heat transfer characteristics of the heat exchanger.
  • FR-A-2,346,660 discloses a heat exchanger in which tubes are arranged in a single zig-zag row, the tubes in the row being equally spaced from one another. There is no array of tubes in the direction of flow of fluid over the tubes. Consequently this disclosure is not concerned with the kind of heat exchanger having an array of tubes. Moreover the flow of fluid will be subject to severe accelerations and decelerations as it passes through the gaps between the tubes. Consequently this disclosure provides no teaching of the feature of having an array of tubes in which the speed of flow of the fluid over the tubes is substantially constant.
  • a heat exchanger which comprises a plurality of circular-section tubes parallel to and spaced from one another, a shell located around the tubes, an inlet and an outlet for passing a first fluid through the tubes, a plurality of secondary surface fin elements lying in parallel planes extending transverse to the tubes, and inlet and outlet means for feeding a further fluid through the spaces between the tubes and over the fin elements in a direction generally parallel to the elements, the tubes presenting an array of tubes extending in the direction of flow of the further fluid, the heat exchanger is characterised in that the elements are each formed with openings located between the tubes and the openings are flanked by tags extending transverse to the planes of the elements, the spacings between the tubes in the direction of flow and transverse thereto being arranged to achieve a substantially constant speed of flow of the further fluid over the array of tubes.
  • the spacing of tubes from one another in each row is twice the spacing of the tubes in adjacent rows. In this way the speed of flow of said further fluid is kept relatively constant and acceleration and deceleration of the fluid is avoided with consequent reduction in pressure loss across the heat exchanger.
  • the tags lie generally parallel to the direction of flow of said further fluid over the elements and the tags are formed in pairs so that one tag lies to each side of said opening.
  • the further fluid is constrained to pass in a generally sinuous path through the space between the tubes and over the fin elements.
  • a heat exchanger includes a cylindrical shell 10 at the ends of which are manifolds 11 including an outlet pipe 12 and an inlet pipe 13 for fluid acting as a heat transfer medium; for example the fluid may be water.
  • a plurality of circular-section tubes 14 extend between tube plates 15 bounding the manifolds 11 to conduct the water or other fluid between the inlet and outlet and the tubes lie parallel to and spaced from one another.
  • the tube plates 15 close off the spaces between the tubes 14 from the manifolds 11.
  • a series of intermediate baffles 17a to 17e are located between the manifolds at right angles to the tubes and spaced from one another.
  • the baffles are spaced alternately from the upper and lower walls of the shell 10.
  • a plurality of secondary heat exchanger fin elements 20 lie at right angles to and across the tubes 14 and are regularly spaced from one another in the direction of the tubes, the upper and lower edges of the elements 20 being spaced from the upper and lower walls of the shell 10.
  • Inlet and outlet pipes 21 and 22 are located in the upper part of the shell 10 at opposite ends thereof to admit heat exchange medium, for example oil, to the spaces around the tubes.
  • the presence of the baffles 17a to 17e and the fins 20 ensures that the flow path of the oil or other fluid is sinuous and generally parallel to the planes of the elements 20.
  • the fluid flows first down from the inlet 21 over the fins 20, under the baffle 17a, upwards over the fins 20 and over the baffle 17b, and so on, until the fluid leaves the shell upwardly through the outlet 22.
  • the tubes 14 are arranged to lie in horizontal rows R in one direction, and in a direction at a right angle to said rows R the tubes are in vertical rows S.
  • the rows R lie transverse to the general direction of flow F and the tubes in alternate rows R are staggered by one half the pitch of the tubes in the rows R.
  • the spacing of the tubes in the rows R is y
  • Such a spacing ensures that the cross- sectional area of the flow of fluid around the tube remains substantially constant and the speed of the fluid is therefore substantially constant thereby avoiding acceleration and deceleration of the fluid. Accordingly pressure loss in the heat exchanger is kept low.
  • the fins 20 are formed with openings 25 and associated tags 26 as seen in Figs. 2, 3 and 4. Openings are formed between adjacent tubes 14 in rows R and at the ends of rows R.
  • the tags 26 are formed in pairs out of bent over portions of the fin elements 20 and lie at right angles to the planes of the fins.
  • the tags 26 also lie generally parallel to the general direction of flow F and the openings 25 are formed as rectangular openings by the action of forming the tags.
  • the tags 26 and associated openings 25 provide edges to the fluid thereby reducing boundary layer thickness of fluid on the fins. High heat transfer rates can be achieved without undue pressure losses being created.

Claims (6)

1. Wärmetauscher
mit einer Vielzahl im Querschnitt kreisrunder Rohre (14), die parallel und im Abstand zueinander angeordnet sind,
mit einem Mantelgehäuse (10), das um die Rohre herum angeordnet ist,
mit einen Einlaß (13) und einem Auslaß (12) zum Hindurchleiten einer ersten Flüssigkeit durch die Rohre (14),
mit einer Vielzahl von Rippenelementen (20), die als zweite Oberfläche parallel zueinander und quer zu den Rohren angeordnet sind,
mit einem Einlaß (21) und einem Auslaß (22) zum Hindurchleiten einer zweiten Flüssigkeit durch die Zwischenräume der Rohre und über die Rippenelemente in einer Richtung (F), die im wesentlichen parallel zu den Rippenelementen ist,
wobei die Rohre eine Rohranordnung darstellen, die sich in Hauptströmungsrichtung der zweiten Flüssigkeit erstreckt, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Rippenelemente (20) jeweils Öffnungen (25) aufweisen, die zwischen den Rohren (14) angeordnet sind und die durch Ansatzstücke (26) flankiert sind, die sich quer zu der Ebene der Rippenelemente (20) erstrecken,
und daß die Zwischenräume zwischen den Rohren (14) in Strömungsrichtung (F) und quer dazu so bemessen sind, daß eine im wesentlichen konstante Strömungsgeschwindigkeit der zweiten Flüssigkeit über die Rohranordnung erreicht wird.
2. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Rohre (14) in Querreihen (R) angeordnet sind, die quer zu der Strömungsrichtung (F) der zweiten Flüssigkeit liegen,
und daß die Rohre der abwechselnden Reihen (R) in jeder Reihe um den halben Rohrabstand versetzt angeordnet sind.
3. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zwischenräume der Rohre in den Reihen (R), die quer zur Strömungsrichtung (F) der zweiten Flüssigkeit liegen, doppelt so groß sind wie die Zwischenräume der Rohre einer Querreihe (R) von den Rohren benachbarter Querreihen (R).
4. Wärmetauscher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ansatzstücke (26) im wesentlichen parallel zu der Strömungsrichtung (F) der zweiten Flüssigkeit über die Rippenelemente (20) ausgerichtet sind.
5. Wärmetauscher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ansatzstücke (26) paarweise vorhanden sind derart, daß ein Ansatzstück an jeder Seite einer Öffnung (25) angeordnet ist.
6. Wärmetauscher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Mantelgehäuse (10) Ablenkbleche (17a, 17b, 17c, 17d, 17e) aufweist, wodurch die zweite Flüssigkeit zu einem im wesentlichen sinusförmigen Strömungsweg (F) durch die Zwischenräume zwischen den Rohren (14) und über die Rippenelemente (20) gezwungen ist.
EP19810303307 1980-07-23 1981-07-20 Wärmetauscher Expired EP0044734B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8024041 1980-07-23
GB8024041 1980-07-23

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0044734A2 EP0044734A2 (de) 1982-01-27
EP0044734A3 EP0044734A3 (en) 1982-07-21
EP0044734B1 true EP0044734B1 (de) 1985-02-20

Family

ID=10514962

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19810303307 Expired EP0044734B1 (de) 1980-07-23 1981-07-20 Wärmetauscher

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0044734B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3169039D1 (de)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
HU184377B (en) * 1981-02-05 1984-08-28 Huetoegepgyar Motor cooler
US4546825A (en) * 1983-01-28 1985-10-15 Mccord Heat Transfer Corporation Heat exchanger and method of assembly thereof
NL1012029C2 (nl) * 1999-05-11 2000-11-14 Bloksma B V Warmtewisselaar.
DE10333463C5 (de) * 2003-07-22 2014-04-24 Alstom Technology Ltd. Rohrbündelwärmetauscher
CN101957150A (zh) * 2010-10-12 2011-01-26 岳阳市中达机电有限公司 高效油冷器
DE102018117457A1 (de) 2018-07-19 2020-01-23 Kelvion Machine Cooling Systems Gmbh Wärmetauscher

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB717613A (en) * 1952-03-12 1954-10-27 Serck Radiators Ltd Heat exchangers
BE544785A (de) * 1955-02-09
GB1313973A (en) * 1971-05-07 1973-04-18 Hutogepgyar Tubular heat exchanger and a method for the production thereof
DE2306562A1 (de) * 1973-02-10 1974-08-15 Volkswagenwerk Ag Waermetauscher
DE2530064A1 (de) * 1975-07-05 1977-01-27 Volkswagenwerk Ag Luftlamelle fuer einen leichtmetall- waermetauscher
US4049048A (en) * 1975-12-19 1977-09-20 Borg-Warner Corporation Finned tube bundle heat exchanger
DE2613747B2 (de) * 1976-03-31 1979-08-23 Volkswagenwerk Ag, 3180 Wolfsburg Röhrenwärmetauscher

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3169039D1 (en) 1985-03-28
EP0044734A2 (de) 1982-01-27
EP0044734A3 (en) 1982-07-21

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